system efficiency improvement, equitization and … · 5/30/2002 · e533 vol. 13 electricity of...

E533Vol. 13

ELECTRICITY OF VIETNAMPOWER COMPANY No. 1

SYSTEM EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT,EQUITIZATION AND RENEWABLE PROJECT

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT

FORIMPROVEMENT OF 110 KV SUBSTATIONS AND

ASSOCIATED TRANSMISSION LINES IN NORTHERNVIETNAM IMPLEMENTED BY PCI

(PC 1-EIA)

Prepared by:

POWER NETWORK PROJECT MANAGEMENT BOARD OF PCI

March, 2002

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E533Vol. 13

ELECTRICITY OF VIETNYAMPOWER COMPANY No. I

SYSTEM EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT,EQUITIZATION AND RENEWABLE PROJECT

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT

FORIMPROVEMENT OF 110 KV SUBSTATIONS AND

ASSOCIATED TRANSMISSION LINES IN NORTHERNVIETNAM IMPLEMENTED BY PC1

(PCI-EIA)

Prepared by:

POWER NETWORK PROJECT MANAGEMENT BOARD OF PCI

March, 2002

EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 110KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNlVIETNAM

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

I. Introduction

II. Organizations and Administrative Framework

im. Objectives of Report

IV. Methodology

CHAPTER II: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

I. Geological and Ecological condition

II. Project Location Map

im. Resettlement plan

CHAPTER III: LEGAL, POLICIES AND ADMINISTRATION MANAGEMENT

I. Legal and Administrative Frame work

II. Envirornment managing system and project concemed matters

Il. Vietnam Law on Environment Protection

IV. Safe Law

CHAPTER IV: BASIC DATA

CHAPTER V :IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT

I. Impact on Physical Environment

II. Impact on Biological Environment and Eco-System

mII Impact on Human

CHAPTER VI: MITIGATION MEASURES

I. In Design Stage

II. In Construction Stage

mI. In Operation Stage

CHAPTER VII: PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

CHAPTER VIII: PCBs RECOVERY

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSNMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF I 10KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM

CHAPTER IX: PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATIONDISSEMINATION

I. Community participation

II. Information disclosure and transparency

CHAPTER X: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Environment Management PlanB. Monitoring PlanC. Institutional StrengtheningD. Institutional ArrangementE. Schedule

CHAPTER XI: EIA SUMMARY

CHAPTER XII: CONCLUSION

ANNEXES

Annex 1 : Statistics on local ROW

Annex 2 : Statistics on Affection within project ROW

Annex 3 : Statistics on Temporary Land Requisition

Annex 4 Statistics on Permanent Land Acquisition

Annex 5 : List of referred legal documents on line routes

Annex 6 : Consultation with PAPs, local NGOs and local authorities

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF I 10KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

The System Efficiency Improvement, Equitization and Renewable Project includingconstruction and rehabilitation of a number of power transmission and distribution linesand substations, is proposed to be funded under a World Bank credit. The Government ofVietnam is seeking assistance from the WB to improve the efficiency of its power sectorso that poverty alleviation programs can take root. One of the project component is forEfficiency Improvement of 110 kV Distribution Network in Northern Vietnamimplemented by the Power Company No 1.

According to the Bank's requirement, an environmental assessment of the project isrequired to ensure that the project is environmentally sound and sustainable. This EIAreport follows WB and Government of Vietnam guidelines for assessment ofenvironment impacts and mitigation strategies for power projects.

The objectives of the report are:

- Assessing the current environment status of the region, where the project is located.

- Identification of potential impacts to the environment in the case of the project willbe developed (in the period of construction and operation)

- Screening, classification of the impacts (none, small or major)

- Identification of the measures to mitigate the negative impacts caused by the projectconstruction and operation

- Developing an appropriate environmental management plan

- Estimation cost of the proposed mitigation measures.

Methodology:

The method applied in the report is based on environmental checklist

Based on the guidance on ELA by World Bank, the potential environmental impacts areclassified with levels as follows:

a. Little impact or negligible impact:

For these impacts do not need to have measures for mitigation.

b. Having impact but not much:

For these impacts, the measures for mitigation must be shown.

c. Significant impact:

For these impacts, they are necessary to have strict research, and measures forprecaution have to be designed more carefully.

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF I I OKV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM

CHAPTER II

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Name of projectEfficiency Improvement of 110 kV Distribution Network in Northern Vietnam

Implementing agencies- Investor Power Company No 1

- Project Manager: Project Management Board of Power CompanyNol

- Consulting company: Project Management Board of Power CompanyNol, Power Engineering Consulting Company No 1, ELECO, Cuulong PowerEngineering Consulting company, Institute of Energy, VINAPOWER, PowerEngineering Consulting Company of Vietnam Industrial Construction Corporation

Project objectivesPower Company No I (PCI) has the overall responsibility for the project implementation.PCI is a independent accounting unit of the Electricity of Vietnam and was re-established by the decision No 146/TTg of 7 April 1993 and signed by Prime Minister.

PC I is responsible for supplying electricity for all 22 provinces in Northern Vietnamexcept 2 biggest cities of Hanoi and Hai Phong. The power demand in PCI areas hasbeen increasing at the average rate of 7% during 1996-2000. The fastest growing demandhas been seen in the residential sector with an average growth rate of 10.5% per year,while electricity consumption for industry has increased only 4.4% per year. Total salesof electricity in 2001 was 6,599 GWh with distribution losses of 11.9% in 2001. It isforecasted that during 2001-2005 the demand of the whole region will grow at 8.7%reaching 10,016 GWh in 2005.

To meet the growing demand of the region, PC I plans to expand the existing distributionnetwork, especially at the I 10 kV voltage level, which is the bottleneck of thedistribution system given the recent extensive expansion of the MV and LV distributionnetwork according to the rural electrification program.

The Efficiency Improvement of I I OkV Distribution Network in Northern Vietnamproject is to construct twenty one 1 lOkV substations total transformer capacity of 450MVA and associated 110 kV transmission lines with total length of 576 km 1 OkV in 15provinces of Ha Tinh, Nghe An, Thanh Hoa, Ha Nam, Son La, Bac Giang, Thai Binh,Thai Nguyen, Quang Ninh, Tuyen Quang, Vinh Phuc, Phu Tho, Lao Cai, Yen Bai, LaiChau.

The project will: (i)provide additional transformer capacity and eliminate the bottleneckof the transmission network to serve the growing demand of Northern Vietnam; (ii) toreduce the transmission losses of Northem distribution network; and (iii) increasereliability of the power supply to the region.

Total project cost is US$ 64.3 million with IDA credit of US$ 35.2 million.

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 110KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM

Description of the project componentFollowing are description of each project component:

1./11OkV Can Loc substation and associated 110 kV T/L

110 kV Can loc substation is located near 35/10 kV Nghen Substation, 135m farfrom highway No. IA. Currently, there is a lot of unused land (wasteland) in Nghentown- Can Loc district, Ha Tinh Province. This site is located in a one-season rice, nextto the 35/10 kV Nghen substation in the North and unused land of a small provincialfactory in the West.

The substation will connect to the existing 110 kV network through a new 110 kVline starting from pole No. 152A (which is located between 2 poles: No. 152 and No.153 of Hung Dong - Thach Linh 110 kV TIL) to north-east, traversing a rice field ofThien Loc village and Nghen town to 110 kV Can loc Substation. The length of theassociated line is 600m.

1.2/110 kVDo Luong -Tuong Duong T/L and llOkV Tuong Duong Substation110 kV transmission line Do Luong Tuong Dung starting from the 110 kV

outgoing feeder of Do Luong substation traverses Do Luong, Con Cuong, Tuong Duongdistricts in west-north areas of Nghe An Province before connecting to the 1 OkV TuongDuong substation. Total length of the line is 113Km.

1 OkV Tuong Duong Substation occupies an area of 3800 mn2. It is located in rice-field of Thac Giam village - Tuong Duong district, Nghe An province.

1.3/ 110 kV Cua Lo - Dien Chau - Quynh Luu T/L and 1lOkV Dien ChauSubstation

With the length of 52,8Km, 110 kV Cua Lo - Dien Chau - Quynh Luu T/L traverses 4districts: Nghi Loc, Dien Chau, Quynh Luu and Yen Thanh of Nghe An province. Theline mainly run along west side of National Road No. 1A and the North South railway,through the flat area of Dien Chau district and part of hill land in Nghi Loc district.

Dien Chau 1 lOkV substation is located in Trang Than village, Dien Phuccommune- Dien Chau district, Nghe An province, near the existing 35/10kV substation.This position is on the west of Nation road No. IA, north of National road No.7 and nextto Dien Chau town. The substation occupies 2728 m2 of land.

1.4/1llOkV Tinh Gia substation and 110 kV TILs

110 kV Tinh Gia substation is located near Chuot Tru Mountain - Tinh Haivillage - Tinh Gia districts, Thanh Hoa province. It is located on the right site ofprovincial autoway No. 513 to Nghi Son cement factory. The substation areas is about3059 m2. It connects to the existing 110 kV network through a new 110 kV branchstarting from Nghi Son substation of Truong Lam village, traversing Mai Lam village -Tinh Gia district with the length of 6,5 Km.

1.5/11OkVThieu Yen -Ba Thuoc T/Ls and llOkVBa Thuoc Substation

- 110 kV Thieu Yen - Ba Thuoc T/L traverses 5 districts Yen Dinh, Tho Xuan,Ngoc Lac, Lang Chanh, Ba Thuoc of Thanh Hoa Province. The line of 60,4 km starts at11 OkV Thieu Yen substation and ends at I 1 OkV Ba Thuoc substation.

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EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 1 IOKV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERN|VIETNAM

- Covering 4200 m2, 1 lOkV Ba Thuoc Substation is located in Thiet Ong village- Ba Thuoc district - Thanh Hoa Province.

1.6/110 kVLy Nhan - Dong Van T/Ls and llOkVDong Van Substation

110 kV Ly Nhan - Dong Van T/L traverses 2 districts of Ly Nhan and Duy Tien- Ha Nam Province. The line connects 110 kV Ly Nhan and llOkV Dong Vansubstations with length of 18,5 km.

Located in the area belong to Dong Van town, 11OkV Dong Van Substation is90m far from highway No.38 and covering 3800m2 .

1. 7/110 kVBac Giang - Luc Ngan TILs and llOkVLuc Ngan Substation

110 kV Luc Ngan- Bac Giang T/Ls traverses 3 districts Lang Giang, Luc Nam,Luc Ngan of Bac Giang Province. With length of 46,21 km the T/L starts at section J1Oof 220/110 kV Bac Giang substation and ends at 110 kV bus bar of 110/35 kV Luc Ngansubstation.

- Covering 4572 m2, 1 OkV Luc Ngan Substation is supposed to be built in therice field of Hong Quang village - Luc Ngan district - Bac Giang Province.

1.8/110 kV T/Ls and ll Ok VNorth Viet Tri Substation

Covering 5875 m 2 , 10 kV North Viet Tri substation is located on a hill next to fence ofThuy Van industrial zone, about lOOm far from 35 kV T/L of the industrial zone. Thesubstation also is located near 1 IOkV TIL and 220kV Viet tri substation.Traversing agricultural land of Phu Tho province with length of 0,3 km, the 1 lOkV T/Lconnecting North Viet Tnr substation to the grid starts from 11 OkV Van Phu TIL and endsat 1 OkV North Viet Tri substation.

1.9/ llOkVPhzu Tho Substation and branch

2Covering 6482 m , 1 OkV Phu Tho Substation is located on a hill belongs to Van Lungcommune, about 3Km far from Phu Tho town, Phu Tho province, near -1 lA provincialroad.With length of 7485m double circuits 110 kV branch to Phu Tho Substation traversesPhu Ninh district-Phu Tho province. The start-point is the first pole of 11 OkV Phu Thosubstation and end-point is a tension N24-2 that is connected to 1t OkV Thac Ba - VanPhu substation, next to pole N213.

1.10/llOkVLap Thach - Viet Tri T/Ls and llOkVLap Thach Substation

With length of 13,5 Kin, 110 kV Viet Tri - Lap Thach T/Ls traverse 2 provinces:Vinh Phuc and Phu Tho. When traversing Phu Tho province the TIL runs along route outof Viet Tri city. Within Phu Tho province the T/L traverses Lap Thach district only. Aportion of T/Ls shall traverse Lo River of about 700 m.

+ Start point: 11 OkV Bas bar of 220 kV Viet Tri substation+ End Point: I IOkV Lap Thach substation

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF I 10KV DISTRIBUTION NETlWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM

II OkV Lap Thach substation belongs to Phu Long commune, Lap Thach town, Phu Thoprovince. The substation covers area of 4305 m2 that currently belongs to PeopleCormmittee of Lap Thach town.

1.11/110kV Vinh Tuong substation and branch

110 kV Vinh Tuong substation is located in a rice field of Tho Tang - VinhTuong - Vinh Phuc Province, near interprovincial road No 304, and about 1,5 km farfrom highway No2.

11OkV double circuit branch connecting Vinh Tuong substation to 11OkV VietTri - Dong Anh T/L at pole 179 - 180. With length of about 1,4 km,the T/L traverses atwo-season rice field and one season crop field in Tho Tang and Tan Tien villages - VinhTuong district - Vinh Phuc Province.

1.12/ IlOkV Thai Binh (Dong Hung) - Vu Thu TIL and lOkV Vu Thusubstation

110 kV Thai Binh (Dong Hung) - Vu Thu T/L traverses 2 districts of Vu Thu,Dong Hung in Thai Binh Province. With length of 15,21 km, the T/L starts from 110 kVThai Binh substation and ends at 110 kV Vu Thu substation.

- Covering 3280 m2,1 1OkV Vu Thu Substation is located in the rice field of MinhQuang village Vu Thu district - Thai Binh Province.

1.13/11OkV Thai Binh - Kien Xuong TIL and llOkVKien Xuong substation

110 kV Thai Binh - Kien Xuong T/L traverses 2 district of Quynh Phu and KienXuong in Thai Binh Province. With length of 17,5 kmn, the T/L starts at 220 kV ThaiBinh substation and ends at 10 kV Kien Xuong substation.

Covering 3188 m 2 , IOkV Kien Xuong Substation is to be built in Kien Xuongdistrict - Thai Binh Province.

1.14/11OkVNghia Lo - Yen Bai T/L and llOkVNghia Lo substation

110 kV Nghia Lo -Yen Bai T/L traverses 4 districtsof Yen Binh; Tran Yen, VanChan, and Yen Bai Town in Yen Bai Province. The T/L starts at 110 kV Yen Baisubstation and ends at 1 10 kV Nghia Lo substation with total length of 73,26 km.

Covering 3573 m2, 1 OkV Luc Ngan Substation is to be built in area of Bao lao 1,Thanh Luong village, Van Chan district - Yen Bai Province.

1.1 5/110 kVPhu Yen substation and branch

Covering 3000 m, 1I 0kV Phu Yen Substation is supposed to be built next tohighway No37 of Bua Thuong comrnmune, Tuong Phu village, Phu Yen district - Son LaProvince.

The 110 kV associated branch traverses districts: Van Chan district - Yen BaiProvince and Phu Yen district - Son La Province. With 45Km length, the branch starts atG46 pole of 1 10 kV Yen Bai - Nghia Lo T/L and ends at 110 kV Phu Yen substation.

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1.1 6/110kV Thuan Chau substation and branch

2Covering 4200 m , llOkV Thuan Chau Substation is to be built on the tee-

planted hill of Pho Lang village, Thai Coong commune, Thuan Chau district, Son LaProvince.

With 0,9 Km length, the 110 kV associated branch starts from the pole No.176 of1 0 kV Son La - Tuan Giao substation and ends at 110 kV Thuan Chau substation.

1.17/ 11Ok V Lao Cai - Phong Tho transmission line and 11Ok V Phong Thosubstation

110 kV Lao Cai - Phong Tho T/L traverses 3 districts of Phong Tho in Lai ChauProvince, and Sapa, Bat Sat in Lao Cai Province. With line route length of 69,74 kin, theT/L starts at 110 kV Lao Cai substation and ends at 110 kV Phong Tho substation.

Covering about 3400 m 2 , lOkV Phong Tho Substation is located in the areabelongs to Nam Long village - Phong Tho district, Lai Chau province.

1.18/110 kVPhu Luong substation and branch

Covering about 2907 mi2 ' 1 OkV Phu Luong Substation is supposed to be built inthe rice field of Group 5, Thanh Dong co-operative, Dong Dac village, Phu luongdistrict - Thai Nguyen Province.

11 OkV associated T/L branch is connected from 11 OkV Thai Nguyen - Bac Can -Cao Bang to 110kV Phu Luong substation with about 50m length.

1.19/11OkV Quang Ha substation and branch

Quang Ha substation is supposed to be built in the rice field of commune No.3,Quang Chinh village, Quang Ha district - Quang Ninh Province and covered of about3880 mn.

The llOkV associated branch traverses Quang Ha - Quang Ninh Province withabout 0.298 Km length. It starts from the pole No. 175 of 110 kV Tien Yen - Mong Cailine and ends at 1 10 kV Quang Ha substation.

1.20/11OkVCho Roc Substation and branch

Il OkV Cho Roc substation supposed to supply power to the whole Quang YenTown and other surrounding areas of Yen Hung village as well as areas next to Cat Hai(Hai Phong city).

10 kV branch to 110kV Cho Roc substation traverses: Tam Mai, Trai Co -Dong Mai village and Trai Trang of Cong Hoa I village - Yen Hung district - QuangNinh Province. With total length of 6,74 kin, it starts at the pole No.31 of 110 kV OHline - Feeder 175 (T/L from Uong Bi to 220kV Hanh Bo substation) and the pole No.43of 1 OkV T/L - feeder 176 (T/L from Uong Bi to 220 Hanh Bo) and ends at 110 kV ChoRoc substation.

1.21/11OkVTuyen Quang - Chiem Hoa T/L and l1OkVChiem Hoa substation.

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESStMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 110CKV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM

- 110 kV Chiem Hoa - Tuyen Quang T/L traverses districts: Yen Son, Ham Yen,Chiem Hoa - Tuyen Quang Province (from 11OkV Tuyen Quang substation to 1 IOkVChiem Hoa substation) with length of 57 Km.

- Covering 3188 m2 , 1 lOkV Tuyen Quang substation is supposed to be built inareas of Group 4, Phuc Thinh village, Chiem Hoa district - Tuyen Quang Province.

lII. RESETTLEMENT PLAN:

During investigation and design stage, routes and substations sites were selectedcarefully so that many of the environment impacts resulting from power T/Ls can beavoided or minimized. As there are also adjustments with numerous small angles of lineroutes, number of land acquisition can be minimized. Therefore number of PAHsespecially PAHs among ethnic groups was very small. It is not necessary to have a newresettlement area because PAHs could mainly resettle in adjacent areas.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 110CKV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM

CHAPTER III

LEGAL, POLICIES AND ADMINISTRATION MANAGEMENT

I. LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAME WORK

The EIA is based on:

- Feasibilities studies report of each project component, approved by EVN;

- Agreement by the PPCs of concerned provinces where the project componentare located or traversed on line route and substation located as listed in Annex8.

- Environmental legal framework as follow:Vietnamese legal framework:

- Law on Environmental Protection dated 27/7/1993 of the socialist republic ofVietnam.

This law stipulates the prevention from bad impacts on the environment andenvironmental protection as well as improvement of ecological environment."Environment" is defined as the natural environment and the one created by humancomprising air, water, sea, land, mineral mines, forests, grass fields, wildlife, trees,natural and historical sites, natural conservation areas, places of interest, cities,villages, etc.

- Laws of forest protection and forest development:

The laws regulate the management, development and use of forest, the prevention offorest destruction, the enhancement of responsibility and the encouragement forinstitutions/individual of forest protection and forest development, the discovery offorest benefits for the purpose of national protection and the national development.

- Government Decree N° 175/CP dated 18/10/1994 guiding the implementation ofthe Law on Environmental Protection.

- Government Decree No 54/1999/ND-CP dated 08/07/1999 on Protection ofHigh Voltage Networks.

- Ministerial Circular No. 490/1998/TT-BKHCNMT of Ministry of Science -Technology and Environment of Vietnam dated 29 April 1998 on the guidancefor the establishment and inspection of EIA report for the investment project.

- Ministerial Circular N° 490/1998/TT-BKHCMMT dated 29/4/1998 of MOSTEguiding EIA preparation and appraisal.

- National Criteria on water quality TCVN 5942 - 1995, TCVN 5944 - 1995- National Criteria on air quality TCVN 5949 - 1995- National Criteria on noise TCVN 5949 - 1995- National Criteria on pollution TCVN 5937 - 1995

Codes on Electrical Equipment Installation - part II - Power transmission line anddistribution system No. 11 TCN 19 - 84In this standard the minimum clearance betweenthe live parts of the line and trees are identified. Trees outside the ROW must ensure twometers clearance between conductors and tree parts when falling. The clearance betweentop of the trees and conductors in the ROW must be not less than six meters. The ROW;

12


identified by two parallel planes is seven meters far from outer conductors when they arevertical and not less than two meters when conductors are at maximum swing angle.

WB procedures on environment impact assessment:

Environmental safeguards, namely

- Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01, BP 4.01, GP 4.01),

- Natural Habitats (OP 4.04, BP 4.04, GP 4.04),

- Forestry (OP 4.36, GP 4.36),

- Pest Management (OP 4.09),

- Cultural Property (OPN 11.03),

Bank Procedures BP 17.50: Public disclosure of Environmental and Social OperationalDocumentsElectric power transmission systems, environmental sourcebook, WB technical paperNo.154

II. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTPresently, the responsibility on environmental management is arranged as follows:

- Ministry of Science - Technology and Environment (MOSTE) of Vietnam is thecentral government environmental management, the organization is responsible for theguidance for the preparation, appraisal and supervision of the implementation of EIAreport for the investment projects.

This project is classified as the project of type II that is required to haveenvironmental registration for compliance with environmental standards. The projectis required to prepare an environmental impacts report.

- Department of Science - Technology and Environment (DOSTE) is responsible onenvironment in each province. Although administratively under Provincial PeopleCommittee, on technical issues, all DOSTEs reports to MOSTE. DOSTEs areassigned by the MOSTE to inspect, supervise on implement ratification of EIAreports, environmental standard registration forms and environmental protectionregulations in operation in its field of action', and to treat according to the law withviolating cases.After receiving environmental standard documents of the project oftype fl, the DOSTE is going to examine and to issue a environmental standardcertificate.

- In addition, at district level, there is a division under DPC in charge of environmentmanagement. This division reports to DOSTE on technical aspects.

- EVN is responsible for supervising and guiding environmental protection in powersector as a whole. There is an centre within EVN directly in charge of environmentalmanagement.

- PCI is project investor who is directly responsible for environment managmeent ofthe project during its lifetime. During project preparation and construction, PCI hasauthorized its Power Project Management Board of PCI (PPMB of PCI)to be incharge of project management. After commissioning, the project will be handed overto the provincial power service department (PSD), where the project is located. ThePSD will be in charge of environmental management during operation period.

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- Designing consultancy, and Supervisory Consultancy in close coordination withrespective Provincial People's Committee to evaluate the impacts of projects onenvironmental resources. Regular Independent Supervisory Consultancy will report indetails the impacts of projects on natural and social environment.

- For each project component, a consulting company is appointed for preparation of allproject documents such as FS, EIA and RAP. The selected consulting companies areresponsible for identifying environmental impacts during project lifetime andmeasures and implementation plan to be applied to mitigate these impacts. PCI isresponsible for submission of environmental registration for the project to the relatedDOSTEs.

- In the construction phase, groups of supervisors will be set up, these are contructorsupervisor, investor supervisor and designer supervisor. During the operation phase,the provincial power service departments (PPSD) are responsible for environmentalperformance under supervision of the respective DOSTEs. These supervisors arefounded by relevant organization and also have the responsibility of environmentalmonitor. Environmental Monitoring data and report on environmental supervision willbe submitted by the PPSD to PC 1 and respective DOSTEs.

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CHAPTER IV

PRESENT STATUS OF PROJECT SITE

ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS:

In terms agro-ecological setting, Vietnam can be divided into 8 separate regions,different on the basis of topography, annual rainfall, inherent susceptibility of the land todeterioration and the types of dominant land forms.

The project components are located in 4 regions namely Red River Delta, NorthernMidland, Coastal Delta and Northem Mountainous. Details of natural and socio economicconditions of project involved provinces are provided in Table 4.1

2.1- Red River Delta (Thai binh, Nam ha provinces): There are 3 following subprojects

- 1l OkVDong Van substation and 110 kVLy Nhan - Dong Van T/L- 110 kV Vu Thu substation and 110 kV Thai Binh - Vu Thu TIL- 110 kV TIL Thai Binh - Kien Xuong and 110kV Kien Xuong substation.

2.1.1- Topography, Hydrogeology and ecological condition:

Red River Delta is the second largest delta in Vietnam after Mekong delta. The climateis monsoonal, with 1,678 mm of annual rainfall coming from late April to October. The flattopography, generally low susceptibility to deterioration, and alluvial soils make it suitable forintensive agriculture. The region has low elevation of less than 50 m over sea level.

The land is mainly covered by two crops-paddy and other kind of crops fields.Household also have garden with long tern fruit trees. There are no forest or wild land in thearea. There are many small canals and rivers in the regions. Locating in riverhead region withelevation slopping down, the project area is usually affected by floods in rainy season.

2.1.2- Social-economic Condition:

This area is highly populated. The economic activities of the area mainly base onagriculture, focusing on rice and other kind of crops as maize and vegetable. Industry, includingrice milling, construction material production, and small industries and handicraft, accounts forsmall portion of the region GDP. The living standards is rather low compared to that of urbanpopulation.

2.2. Northern Midlands (Quang Ninh, Bac Giang, Thai Nguyen, Vinh Phuc, Phu Tho, ThanhHoa provinces) : including 05 subprojects

- 11OkV Viet Tri - Lap Thach T/L and 110 kVLap Thach substation.- 110 kVPhu Tho substation and branch.- 110 kV North Viet Tri and branch- 10 kVBac Giang - Luc Ngan T/L and 110 kVLuc Ngan substation.- 10 kV Vinh Tuong substation and branch.


The climate is monsoonal with an average yearly rainfall of 1,600 to 2,500 mm largelyoccurring from late April to October. The soils are acidic and have low fertility rates. The regionhas elevation between 50 m and 500 m. Even through geography of the area is rather complicatedwith many different soil layers, soil structure is quite stable. 55% of the region has mediumsusceptibility to deterioration or erosion. In valleys or relatively flat areas, the land is covered by

15


one crop-paddy fields, maize and cassava and other subsidiary crops. In low hills, there areplanted fruit tree or industrial trees such as gum tree, eucalyptus, caesarian-tree and plantedforest.

2.2.3- Social-economic Condition:

The region is less populated than delta area. The economies mainly base on agriculturefocusing on rice and other crops. Their industries are small with main focuses on processing ofagricultural and forestral product and production of construction material. The GDP level isnormally lower than in Delta provinces.

2.3. Northern Central Coast (Nghe An, Ha Tinh provinces): including 3 subprojects:

- Cua Lo-Dien Chau-Quynh Luu 110 kV T/L and 110 kVDien Chau substation- 110 kV Tinh gia substation and branch.- 110 kV Can Loc substation and branch


The climate is monsoonal with an average yearly rainfall is 2,890 mm which is peaks inOctober and November, and typhoons are common from May to August. Yellow red soilsdominate the upland, alluvial soils in the low lands and sandy soils in the coast. 37% of thisregion has medium susceptibility to deterioration. The main form of topography is midland withelevations between 50 m to 500 m.

The regional hydrogeology is sophisticated. There are a number of small streams andrivers which usually cause floods in the time from July to October.

The land is covered with:+ Traditional fruit-tree and industry crop: eucalyptus, pine, coffee..+ Naturally planted forest in low mountain areas.+ Paddy, crop fields in low land.

2.3.3- Socio- economic conditions:

In this area, the economy foundation is mainly agriculture such as rice, farm production,fishery, and rearing, marine product processing at small scale. Due to frequent floods, typhoonsand low fertility rate of land, the region is quite poor.

2.4- Northern Mountains (Tuyen Quang, Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Lai Chau, Son La provinces):

Including the following 10 subprojects:+ 110 kV Ba thuoc substation and Thieu Yen - Ba Thuocl 10 kV T/L.+ 1 10 kV Nghia Lo substation and Yen bai- Nghia Lo 110 kV TEL.+ 10 kV Phu Yen substation and branch.+ Tuyen Quang - Chiem Hoa 1 10 kV T/L and 11 0 kV Chiem Hoa substation.+ 10 kV Quang Ha - Cho Roc substation and branch.+ 1 10 kV Phong Tho substation and Lao cai- Phong tho 11l0 kV TL.+ 1 10 kV Thuan Chau substation and branch.+1 10 kV Tuong Duong substation and Do luong- Tuong duong 1 10 kV TIL.t 110 kV Phu Luong substation and branch.

16



The climate in the region is similar to the Northern Midland with average yearly rainfall of1600 mm to 2,500 mm. The region has elevation over 500 m. The elevations are lower from theNorth to the South, from the West to the East. Intense rainfall combined with steep topographyand frequent seismic activities make 47% of the Northem Mountains highly susceptible todeterioration or erosion. The soils are acidic and have low fertilities rates. The soil structure isquarterly sentiment composed of clay layer, loam, and sandy clay with broken stone and boulder.

The regional hydrogeology is sophisticated, too. These mainly are small streams and riverswhich usually cause 3-10 day floods in the rainy season. The water discharge in the dry season isvery low.

Though the northem provinces used to be covered with primitive forests with precioustimber species as: dalbergia, sindoTa vietnamiensis, ironwood , etc.. as well as valuable animalssuch as tigers, bears, panthers, deers, wolves, foxes. In recent years, however, the forest havebeen destroyed badly. And as a result, such precious trees and animals mainly exist in highmountains, isolated and strongly divided areas without no access roads and human. Theremaining areas are covered with planted forest, one crop fields of cassava, maize or paddy.There are also bald hills resulted from unplanned deforestation activities.

2.4.3- Socio-economic condition:

The region is sparsely populated. The economies of the provinces mainly base onagriculture and forestry. Their industries are mainly in small scales and focus on processing ofagricultural and forestrial products, production of construction material. In many highland areas,subsistence economy is still popular with low level of market activities. The region is one of thepoorest areas of the country with highest number of comnmunes under Government PovertyReduction Program.

17


Table 4.1: Summary of Natural and Socio economic status of the project related provinces

No Natural conditions

Annual Annual AnnualDistrict average average average Geological structure

temperature moisture rain fall Biological system(0C) (%) (mm)

1 Ha Tinh 25 85 1155 sandy clay Fruit-trees, eucalyptus

2 Nghe An 24 85 1155 sandy clay Rice, fruit-trees, eucalyptus

3 Bac Giang 22,5 80 825 various gravelly soil Litchi, short life industrialplants

4 Ha Nam 25 74 2000 Clay and sandy clay Rice, fruit-trees, industrialplants

5 Tuyen 22,5 87 2100 various gravelly soil Planted forest, few naturalQuang I_forest

6 Yen Bai 22,5 87 1700 Clay and clay with Planted forest, few naturalbroken stone and forestboulder

7 Thanh Hoa 24 84 1500 Clay and clay with Rice, fruit-trees, industrialbroken stone and plants, bambooboulder

8 Lao Cai 22,5 87 2500 Clay and clay with Industrial trees, maize andbroken stone and cassava, planted forest, fewboulder natural forest

9 Son La 22,5 87 2500 clay and clay with Industrial tree, maize andbroken stone and cassava, planted forest, fewboulder natural forest

10 Vinh Phuc 25 84 1980 Clay Rice, fruit-trees, industrialplants, bamboo

11 Phu Tho 25 84 1950 Clay Rice, fruit-trees, industrialplants, bamboo, plantedforest

12 Quang Ninh 24 80 1990 clay and clay with Rice, fruit-trees, industrialbroken stone and plantsboulder

13 Thai Binh 23,5 80 1600 clay and clay with Rice, fruit-trees and fishingbroken stone andboulder

14 Lai Chau 22,5 87 2500 clay and clay with Industrial tree, maize andbroken stone and cassava, planted forest, fewboulder natural forest

18

. ENVIR NMENa _L ...... \ .... IMPACTAJ I XVI 11 LIt ASSESSMENT5n tnD

VIETNAM

CHAPTER V

IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT

The project impacts on the environment can be divided into:

- Impact on physical environment

- Impact on biological and ecological system

- Impact on human

- hnpacts on telecommunication systems, on landscape, culturalreserves and others

The environment issues caused by the project are as in the following:

I. IMPACT ON PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT:

The impact on physical environment considered here is the impacts that may becaused by the project components on water, air and land.

The project is to build new 110 kV transmission lines and substations, in generalthere are little impacts on physical environment during the project construction andoperation.

Negative environmental impacts are caused by construction of transmission lines, accessroads, tower pads and substations, These include runoff and sedimentation from grading forline and substation facilities; loss of land and increase in soil erosion due to placement oftowers and substations; oil contamination from construction equipment; dust, noise andvibration due to material transportation and construction works; disposal of installation andconstruction materials. These impacts are more significant in the populated areas and shouldbe dealt with by appropriate mitigation measures to comply with the national environmentalstandards on quality of water, air and land.

Erosion of land could be caused during construction of power tower foundation andwire stringing or by construction of temporary assess roads. During the operation phase,soil erosion and landslide could be still a problem in the vicinity of the tower pads if notmanaged and controlled properly. This should be paid with attention where thetopography is sloppy or the foundation morphology is not very strong in the Read riverDelta or North central coast such as in Dong Van, Tinh Gia, Thai Binh-Kien Xuong....Soil erosion and landslides may occur also during implementation of site clearance ofI I OkV substation

Noise caused by arcing flashover in rains or very humid condition will not beconsidered as it is considerably small (


Construction and operation of 110kV distribution network may cause some negativeimpacts on biological and ecosystem due to site clearance and maintenance of the project Rightof Way (ROW) and substation site.

Effects on land use:

The total land to be permanently and temporary used for the project is 16,384,294 m2 .

in which

For transmission line.

- Temporary acquisition land within ROW areas 10,637,549 m2

+ Residential land within ROW: 131,775 M2

+ Weste land: 669,022 m2

+ Agricultural, Forest: 9,806,752 m2

- Permanently acquired land: 195,048 m2

+ Residential land: 1,747 M2

+ Weste land: 31,518 M2

+ Agricultural, Forest: 161,783 m2

- Temporary land acquisition: 5,551,697 M2

+ Residential land: 73,099 m2

+ Weste land: 426,918m2

+ Agricultural, Forest: 5,051,680 m2

- Secondary forest within ROW: 882,000 m2

- Secondary forest temporary acquisition: 316,465 m2

- Secondary forest permanently acquisition: 14,541 m2

- Area of trees cut down: 1,213,006 m2

The total territory of secondary forest in the project affected areas: 161,788,158 m2, so the

affected forest areas accounts for approximately 7.5% of the total forest land.

For substation.

- Permnanently land acquisition by substations

( Agricultural land, Waste land, Hill land ....... ) 83,310m 2

Details are provided in Table 4.2,4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.3, and 4.4.

Theoretically, the project can open up more remote lands to human activities andconstruction of ROW can result in the lost and fragmentation of habitats and vegetationalong the ROW. However, in this project, since the route lines have been chosen tomainly go along the existing roads, all components do not traverse through protectedareas, with natural primary forest or areas with high biodiversity, which are present infive provinces. In Northern Mountains region, there are 5 subprojects: 110kV T/L Lao.

20


Cai-Phong Tho, 110kV T/L Tuyen Quang-Chiem Hoa, 110kV Ham Yen branch, 110kVPhu Yen branch, 110kV Quang Ha branch that will traverse some planted forest (orsecondary forest) in Nghe An, Yen Bai and Son La province. However, the total landacquired for the ROW accounted for less than 7.5 % of total forest areas, thus the impactsare insignificant. Details for the impacts for these lines are provided in Table 4.2.

Effect on clearing and control of vegetation in ROW

According to Vietnamese standards on safety of ROW network, for 110kV T/L,the ROW is limited by 2 parallel corridors of 4m out from the outer conductors invertical position. The trees outside the ROW must be controlled to ensure there is adistance of 0,5m from trees to conductors when they falling down. The vertical clearancerequirement from conductor to top of the trees in the ROW must be not less than 3m.

As such, all trees of or would be > 4m in the ROW must be cut down. As the resulttrees that would be > 4m height shall not permitted to plant within the ROW. Therefore ifthe TIL routes traverse natural and industrial forests with trees higher than the limit, suchtrees must be cut down as well. This would have certain impacts on the biological andecological environment.

22 subprojects of efficiency improvement of 110kV distribution network of which110kV Do Luong-Tuong Duong T/L and Phu Yen 110kV T/L would traverse parts ofnatural and planted forests ( More detailed description provided in the table No. 2)

21

Table No 4.2:

Secondary SecondarySecondary forest Secondar forest forest Area of trees

Subproject (Planted forests) y forest temporary permanently Endemic species and cut down Impact(m2) within acquisition acquisition valuable trees (mI2)

ROW (m2) (mI2)(m2)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)=3+4+5 (8)

110 kV Do Luo ng-Tuong Duong T[L _1. Anh Son 3,339,550.8 198,800 71,000 3,169 - Planted forest; there's 272,969 - Insignificant lost of animal habitantdistrict no valuable or long-lived - Area that tree has to be cut down is2. Con Cuong 42,471,547.2 196,700 70,250 3,135 trees; including only 270,085 small in comparison with total naturaldistrict eucalyptus, caesarian- forestland. It results lightly impact on3. Tuong 87,431,580.0 452,270 161,525 7,209 tree, Keo tree, ... 621,004 eco-system; causing erosion, rockfallDuong district - There's no endemic but still remains the balance of

species registered in the ecological system.Red Book - No significant impact on vegetation of- Diversed landscape forest area.

110 kV Phu Yen T/L1. Van Chan 8,252,280 20,524 4,107 397 - There's no endemic 25,028 - Insignificant lost of animal habitantdistrict - Yen species registered in the - Area that tree has to be cut down is smallBai Red Book in comparison with total natural forestland.

- Forests mainly planted It results lightly impact on eco-system;on mountains with low causing erosion, rockfall but still remainsspreader level. the balance of ecological system.- There's no diversedlandscape system.

23

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF I 10KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERN VIETNAM

2. Phu Yen 20,293,200 13,706 9,583 631 - There's no endemic 23,920 - Insignificant lost of animal habitantdistrict- Son species registered in the - Area that tree has to be cut down is smallLa Red Book in comparison with total natural forestland.

It results lightly impact on eco-system.

Total 161,788,158 882,000 31~~6,465 14,541 ____________ 123,006 ___________________

There's also impact on rice and crops within ROW during construction stage (tower transportation, conductor stringing, tower foundation...). Howeverthese impacts are only temporary affections (with duration of from 3 to 6 months). The 110kV T/L traverses planted forest including 05 subprojects: 110kVT/L Lao Cai-Phong Tho, 110kV T/L Tuyen Quang-Chiem Hoa, 110kV Ham Yen branch, 110kV Phu Yen branch, 110kV Quang Ha branch.

Trees should be cut down in the planted forest areas that traversed by the line routes. There may cause small impacts on eco-system, nature sources butthe balance of ecological system would not be affected. A number of these impacts was summarized with details in the below tables No 4.3, 4.4

24

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT| EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 110KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERN VIETNAM

Table No 4.3.1 Land in ROW areasUnit:mz

Province Agricultural land Forest land ResidentialNo. Subproject e Rice Cr-ops Industrial Planted Natural land Waste land

Rice Crops trees forest forest

110kV Can Loc substation and1 ranch aTinh 2,201

110 kV Cua Lo- Dien Chau -2 Quynh Luu T/L and Substation Nghe An 897,345 720,112 314,526

110 kV Dien Chau _110 kV Do Luong - Tuong Duong

3 T/LandSubstationllOkVTuong NgheAn 338,394 127,701 114,870 847,770 13,489 122,780uuong

4 110 kV Thieu Yen - Ba Thuoc T/L Thanh Hoa 312,845 151,312 34,761 6,244and Substation IIO kV BaThuoc 305,396 3285 11323,6 ,4

5 Substationl 10 kV Tinh Gia and Thanh Hoa 2,100branch210

6 110 kV Ly Nhan-Dong Van /L and Ha Nam 26,816 8,223 450Substation 1 10 kV Dong Van 2,1

71 10 kV Thai Binih - Vu Thu T/L Tliai Binh 201,012and Substation 110 kV Vu Thu 201,0111,942

110 kV Thai Binh- Kien Xuong8 /L and Substation 110 kV Kien Thai Binh 224,798 1,820 18,410

X_uong

25


Province Agricultural land Forest land ResidentialNo. Subproject rovince Rice Crops Industrial Planted Natural land Waste land

R_ce Crops trees forest forest

110 kV Bac Giang - Luc Ngan T/L9 and Substation l l O kV Luc Ngan Bac Giang 275,156 53,550 291,634 5,950 21,378

10 Substationl 10 kV Phu Luong and Thai Nguyen 1 ranch 317

110 kV Lao Cai - Phong Tho T/L Lao Cai, Laiand Substation 110 kV Phong Tho Chau 236,400 242,840 192,346 96,768 26,982 292,124

1 1 OkV Tuyen Quanggg - Chiem Tuyen12 Hoa T/L and Substation 110 kV Quang 227,719 3,461 178,428 150,810

__hiem Hoa Qung 22,796,4177842

13 Substation 110 kV Phu Yenand Son La, Yen 2,146,72943423_2_34_3_4ranch Bai 177,660 147,000 90,594 27,874 34,230 29,344 93,744

14Substation 10 kV k Lap Thach and Phu Tho, 39,000 62,670 542

1 10 kV Viet Tri - Lap Thach Yen Bai 97,125

15 Substation 110 kV Vinh Tuong and Virih Phuc 1,400ranch 8,400

Substation 110 kV Phu Tho and Phu Tho 4,60516 brnhPuTo 46555,040 52,598 1,847branch460

17 Substation 110 kV North Viet Tri Phu Tho 800 500and branch 3,200

26


Province Agricultural land Forest land ResidentialNo. Subproject Province Rice Crops Industrial Planted Natural land Waste land

trees forest forest

18 Substation 110kV Quang Ha and Quang Ninh 86775 17,325

SubstationIIO kV Cho Roc and Quang Ninh 1,500branch 1,500

20 Substationl 10 kV Thuan Chau Son La 84011,060

21 llO 0kV Yen Bai -Nghia Lo T/L Yen IBai 1,4 1,3and Substation 110 kV Nghia Lo 108,997 17,640 214,332

Sub Total 3.236.976 1.734.432 1.664.650 2.288.694 882.000 131.775 699.022

Total 6.636.058 3.170.694 131.775 699.022

10.637.549

27

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 1 10KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTfHERN VIETNAM

TABLE NO 4.3.2: Temporary land acquisitionUnit:m2

Agricultural land Forest land ResidentialNo. Subproject Province Rice Crops Industrial Planted Natural land Waste land

Rice Crops trees forest trees

1 IOkV Can Loc substation and branch Ha Tinh 20 10 8,812

2 110 kV Cua Lo- Dien Chau - Quynh Luu Nghe An 738,55 632,322 422,533I/L and Substation I IOkV Dien ChauNgen 785 63,2 4253

3 110 kV Do Luong - Tuong Duong T/L and Nghe An 120,855 4,10 41,025 302,775 4,818 43,85Substation 110 kV Tuong Duong

4 110 kV Thieu Yen - Ba Thuoc T/L and Thanh Hoa 110,095 112,753 54,041 11,782 2,23Substation 110 kV Ba Thuoc

5 Substationll0kVTinh Gia and branch Thanh Hoa 942,156 532 112 450 44

6 110 kV Ly Nhan-Dong Van /L and Ha Nam 687 32 513Substation 110 kV Dong Van

7 110 kV Thai Binh - Vu Thu T/L and Thai Binh 71,79 4,265Substation 110 kV Vu Thu

8110 kV Thai Binh- Kien Xuong T/L and Thai Binh 93,376 520 6,912_ ubstation 110 kV Kien Xuong

9 110 kV Bac Giang - Luc Ngan T/L and Bac Giang 98,270 19,125 104,200 2,125 7,635Substation 110 kV Luc Ngan

10 Substationl 10 kV Phu Luong and branch Thai Nguyen 30 12 8

11 10 kV Lao Cai - Phong Tho T/L and Lao Cai, Lai 86,00 86,729 57,815 34,56 104,33Substation 110 kV Phong Tho Chau

28

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF I IOKV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERN VIETNAM

Agricultural land Forest land Residential No. Subproject Province Industrial Planted Natural land Wasteland

Rice Crops trees forest trees_____

IIkVTuyen Quanggg - Chiem Hoa T/L 10812 andk SusainI1 VCimHaTuyen Quang 227,719 3,461 178,428 5,1_ nd Substation 110 kV Chiem Hoa

13 Substation 110 kV Phu Yen and branch Son La, Yen 68,455 54,764 36,508 11,402 13,69 11,402 36,509Bai

14 Substation 110 kV Lap Thach and 110 kV Phu Tho, Yen 2,36 2,632 350 442Viet Tri - Lap Thach Bai

15 Substation 10kV Vinh Tuong and branch Vinh Phuc 1,20 2,000

16 Substationl 10 kV Phu Tho and branch Phu Tho 1,387 3,562

17 Substation 110 kV North Viet Tri and Phu Tho 30 4,500branch

18 Substationl OkV Quang Ha and branch Quang Ninh 65 1,300

19 Substation 110 kV Cho Roc and branch Quang Ninh 32,89 6,62

20 Substation I 1O kV Thuan Chau Son La 4,20 65

21 110 kV Yen Bai - Nghia Lo TIL and Yen Bai 38,928 6,300 246,370 70C 67,000Substation 1 10 kV Nghia Lo

Sub Total 2,640,372 934,620 1,142,201 11,402 323,085 73,099 426,91

Sub Total 4,717,193 334,487 73,099 426,918

29


Agricultural land Forest land ResidentialNo. Subproject Province In Cdustrial Planted Natural laiud Waste land

Rice Crops trees forest trees

Total 5,551,697

30


Table No 4.3. 3: Permanently land acquisitionUnit: m2

Agricultural land Forest land Residentia WasteNo. Subproject Provin Rice Crops Industrial Planted Natural I land land

trees forest forest

1 11 OkV Can Loc substation and branch Ha Tinh 1,770 2,450

110 kV Cua Lo- Dien Chau - Quynh L-2 uu T/L and Substation 110 kV Dien Nghe An 5,670 5,623 2,314 445

IChau

3 10 kV Do Luong - Tuong Duong T/L Nghe An 9,194 2,035 2,014 13,512 215 1,957and Substation 110 kV Tuong Duong

4 110 kV Thieu Yen - Ba Thuoc T/L and Thanh Hoa 3,737 3,828 6,481 425 76Substation 110 kV Ba Thuoc

5 Substationl 10 kV Tinh Gia and branch Thanh Hoa 2,850 620 3,125

6 110 kV Ly Nhan-Dong Van /L and Ha Nam 2,156 560 661 1,020Substation 110 kV Dong Van

7 10 kV Thai Binh - Vu Thu T!L and Thai Binh 6,244 131Substation 1 10 kV Vu Thu

8 110 kV Thai Binh- Kien Xuong T/L Thai Binh 2,189 18 179and Substation 110 kV Kien Xuong

9 110 kV Bac Giang - Luc Ngan T/L and Bac Giang 8,291 724 3,942 80 289Substation 110 kV Luc Ngan

31

ENVtRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 11 OKV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJEC'I NORTHERN VIETNAM

Agricultural land Forest land Residentia WasteNo. Subproject Province Rice Crops Industrial Planted Natural I land land

I trees forest forest

10 Substationl O kV Phu Luong and Thai Nguyen 2,356 89510ranchThiNue 235 89

I 110 kV Lao Cal - Phong Tho T/L and Lao Cai, Lai Chau 5,179 5,639 2,459 2,247 627 10,184lSubstation 11I0 kV Phong Tho

12 11 OkV Tuyen Quang - Chiem Hoa T/L Tuyen Quang 2,905 44 1,924 2,764ad Substation 11 0 kV Chiem Hoa

13 Substation l10 kV Phu Yenand branch Son La, Yen Bai 3,357 3,787 4,849 1,231 1,010 193 5,286

14 SubViet Tni - Lap Thach Phu Tho, Yen Bai 1,789 670

15 Substationl IO kV Vinh Tuong and Vinh Phuc 3,450 1,230 980branch

16 Substationl O kV Phu Tho and branch Phu Tho 1,281 566

17 Substation 110 kV North Viet Tri and Phu Tho 2,358 1,235 2,892ranch

18 Substation 1 OkV Quang Ha and Quang Ninh 1,204 2,796branch

19 Substationll0kVChoRocandbranch Quang Ninh 1,560 3,955 320

32

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 110KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERN VIETNAM

Agricultural land Forest land Residentia WasteNo. Subproject Province Rice Crops Industrial Planted Natural I land land

Rice Crops trees forest forest _____

20 Substationl 10 kV Thuan Chau Son La 160 4,600

21 110 kV Yen Bai - Nghia Lo T/L and Yen Bai 4,859 252 4,419 28 2,683Substation llO kV Nghia Lo e5

Sub Total 72,559 35,122 33,018 6,562 14,522 1,747 31,518

Sub Total 140,699 21,084 1,747 31,518

Total 195,048

33

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 110KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTIIERN VIETNAM

Table No 4.4 Land used by Substations

No Substation Type of land Total (ml)

I i lOkV Can Loc Agricultural land and waste land 4,0002 11 OkV Do Luong Agricultural land 3,8003 I IOkV Cua Lo Hill land 2,7284 1 OkV Tinh Gia Hill and mountainous land 3,0595 llOkV Ba Thuoc Hill land 4,2006 11 OkV Dong Van Agricultural land 3,7357 11 OkV Bac Giang Agricultural land 4,5728 11 OkV Viet Tri Land in industrial zone 5,8759 llOkV Phu Tho Hill land 6,482

10 I IOkV Lap Thach Land owned by People Committee's 4,30511 11 OkV Vinh Tuong Agricultural land 3,75012 11 OkV Vu Thu Agricultural land 3,28013 11 OkV Kien Xuong Agricultural land 3,18814 l lOkV Nghia Lo Hill land 3,57315 11 OkV Phu Yen Hill land 3,00016 llOkV Thuan Chau Hill land 4,20017 11 OkV Lao Cai Land reserved for the substation 3,40018 11 OkV Phu Luong Agricultural land 2,90719 11 OkV Quang Ha Agricultural land 3,88020 11 OkV Cho Roc Hill and mountainous land 3,00021 11 OkV Chiem Hoa Hill land 3,188

Total 83.310

35

|VIfETNAMl

IIl. IMPACT ON HUMAN:

1. Impact on residential areas:

The line routes are normally selected to be close to transportation roads so as to facilitateconstruction, operation and maintenance in the future. Substation sites are selected to be close tothe load center, i.e. be close to a residential or industrial areas. As such, outgoing feeders andI 1OkV TIL connected to substation may traverse houses. In order to avoid houses, the line routewas designed to tum frequently with numerous small angles.

The project causes no significant impact on residential areas. However, the survey datashow that there's still small number of houses affected by line routes (about 5%). Details areprovided in Table 4.3.

Impact of noise, vibration and pollution for residential areas:

Machine operation during construction may cause noise and vibration including trucksfor equipment and material transportation. However noise, vibration level is less than 5OdBA, thepermitted noise level.

As the voltage levels are 1 IOkV, noise caused by arcing flashover in light rain or humidcondition is insignificant, much lower than permissible level.

Pollution of dust, noise to human residential area may occur during construction period.However load truck transporting material on roads near residential areas will be required to becovered. The noise level from trucks is not exceed level of 5OdBA.

Industrial waste (fueling, lubricants spills...) may caused when the substation was defected.However, in design and installation stage a stagnated tank to dispose waste material would bebuilt. Industrial waste therefore shall not spill or leaked out to surrounding areas.

As the project comprises 22 newly built substations, and the new transformers,disconnecting equipment will not use oil insulation types of PCBs which was forbidden to use bythe govemment from 1990 (PCBs is one of the 12 POPs Persistent organic Pollutants). These tobe specified in the bidding documents of substation.

According to analysis above, pollution of waste, dust, noise and vibration to surroundingareas of the project would not be a considerable impact if the construction will be managedproperly. The impacts are of a short term nature and can be monitored against the nationalenvironmental standards.

2. Electric field impact on human and animal health:

Electric power transmission line creates electromagnetic fields (EMFs). The strength ofboth electric and magnetic fields decrease with distance from transmission lines. It is assumedthat health hazards may exist from EMFs. Also placement of low-slung lines or lines near humanactivities could increase the risk of electrocutions.

According to Vietnamese standards on limits of industrial frequency electric field intensity andstipulations on the working environment regarding limits of electric field intensity for peopleworking in the affected area in a day and night depend on the electric intensity as given in thefollowing Table:

Electric intensity (kV/m)

EFFICE'lNCY IMPROVEMENTI OF' 110KV DISTRIKBUTI'ON NETWORK PROJECT'I NORTHERN VIETNAMl

Thus, the electric field affected area is the area with the power frequency electric fieldintensity of > 5kV/m.

The project transmission lines shall be designed following Vietnamese standards thatminimize such risks. The height from conductor to ground is at least 6m (out of residential areas)and 7m within residential areas such as Do Luong-Tuong Duong, Thieu Yen-Ba Thuoc, ThaiBinh-Kien Xuong, Bac Giang-Luc Ngan, Lao Kai-Phong Tho, Yen Bai-Nghia Lo T/L and PhuYen branch. For any structure under the line routes, the maximum electric field under theseI lOkV T/L is around 2.79 kV/m. Working time per day and night therefore could be unlimited.Affected electric field is classified as below:

Distance from conductor to affected area Electric field intensity(kV/m)(mn)

3 4,64 2.795 1.826 1.247 0.88

Basing on these above analysis and data, the electric field caused by the project would notaffect human's health in the area within line ROW.

3. Impact on workers' safety and health:

In the construction phase, worker may face some hazard conditions of accidents such aselectric cutting, trauma...

Besides, as a specific project, workers shall live permanently period of time in campswhile implementing construction. This may cause disease: malaria, typhoid fever, diarrhea andother disease infected from drinking water and food. At the same time, opportunities for themosquito species acting as mean of transmitting diseases may increase.

1II. IMPACT ON TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM, ON LANDSCAPE ANDHISTORICAL RESER VES AND OTHERS

On telecommunication svstems

Telecom-imunication projects including:

- Communication lines going closed to, crossing or along the 1 lOkV T/L

- Audio frequency, PLC telephone lines going closed or along the T/L

The impact may jam broadcasting station and cause hazardous conditions due to I phaseshort -circuit current occurred on 11 OkV T/L. However, the data survey during investigation anddesign stage shows that there's only I IOkV Yen Bai -Nghia Lo T/L (portion along National RoadNo. 134 ) which is paralleled with communication bare cable and over head cable belonging toYen Bai province post office. Nga Ba Khe-Nghia Lo communication line portion might beaffected dunrng operation stage.

I IOkV T/L and II OkV substations of the remaining subprojects were designed far fromtelecommunication projects. Other inter-district and intervillage communication lines are notvery important that T/L was designed to cross or closed to few times. Nevertheless, the lengthsof portions to be crossed are quite short that impact of electric field would be insignificant.

Impact on landscape and historical reserves.

The project traverses areas of different localities. Thus, the impact on the lands, armysites, airports, historical reserves, pagodas, etc have been considered in the investigation and-,

37


design stage. This is criteria for line route selection which the 22 subprojects were applied toavoid such impacts.

During investigation and selection stage of line route, there's only 110kV Bac Giang-LucNgan T/L that traverses army site belonging to Army crops No. 2. The TIL also traverses temple(former Buom market), Thuong Lam pagoda of Thanh Lam commune-Luc Nam district at G8position which were recognized as historical reserves. The T/L traverse former Binh Noicommunal house, Noi Bang historal reserves at G32 position. Agreement with the concernedgovernment agencies and the local NGOs have been reached with regard to the selected routelines. Records of the consultation meetings are provided in Annex 6.

Impact on safety of explosion and fire

The project covers large area in locations that would not be able to avoid war vestigessuch as: unexploded bombs, mines...within ROW. This has been carefully considered duringinvestigation, design, line route selection and construction stages so that negative impacts onhuman and environment would be minimized. Mine clearance in the places which were heavilyaffected by the war, will be carried out before the construction begins.

Explosive substances will not be used in construction. The construction methodto be used is excavation and simple instruments. In order to avoid fire, workers are not allowed touse forest trees or other material from forest in cooking or heating purposes. All substations shallequipped fire protection equipment.

Conclusion:

Construction of the project will result in number of different environment impacts, whichdepend on construction sites. Besides, even impacts on each factor of environment also dependon construction sites.

In order to clarify the environment impacts, construction sites should be classified asfollow:

- 1st Location; in rice, crop fields.- 2nd Location: in hills, unused land,, land belonging to People Committee.- 3rd Location: in industrial zones, near national road.

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No Substation Type Remark

1 2 31 IOkV Can Loc X2 I I OkV Do Luong X3 11 OkV Cua Lo X4 llOkV Tinh Gia X5 I I OkV Ba Thuoc X6 1 I OkV Dong Van X7 I IOkV Bac Giang X8 I IOkV Viet Tri X9 1OkV Phu Tho X

10 1lOkV Lap Thach X11 I IOkV Vinh Tuong X12 IlOkVVuThu X13 1 1 OkV Kien Xuong X14 1 I OkV Nghia Lo X15 1 1 OkV Phu Yen X16 I I OkV Thuan Chau X17 I I OkV Lao Cai X18 I I OkV Phu Luong X19 1 1 OkV Quang Ha X20 I I OkV Cho Roc X21 I I OkV Chiem Hoa X

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Land within ROW (m2) . . Permanently land acquisition PermanentlyResidential (m2) acquisition of

No Province Geological structure Rice Crops Industrial land within Rice Crops Industrial residential landRice Crops ~trees ROW (m2) Rie Cos trees (rn2)

I Ha Tinh sandy clay x x

2 Nghe An sandy clay x x x x x x x x

3 Bac Giang various gravelly soil x x x x x x

4 Ha Nam clay and sandy clay x x x x x x

5 Tuyen Quang various gravelly soil x x x x x x x x

6 Yen Bai clay and clay with grit and stone x x x x x x x

7 Thanh Hoa clay and clay with grit and stone x x x x x x x x

8 Lao Cai clay and clay with grit and stone x x x x x x x x

9 Son La clay and clay with grit and stone x x x x x x x

10 Vinh Phuc clay and sand clay x x x x

11 Phu Tho clay and sand clay x x x x x x

12 Quang Ninh clay and clay with grit and stone x x x x x

13 Thai Binh clay and clay with grit and stone x x x x x x

14 Lai Chau clay and clay with grit and stone x x x x x x x x

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CHAPTER VIMITIGATION MEASURES

Mitigation measures to reduce the project impacts are to be carried out in 3 stages, design,construction and operation.

I. IN DESIGN STAGE:

In the design phase, the alternatives for each component should be considered andselected to ensure they have the lowest impacts on ecosystem. The methods to reduce andmitigate the negative impacts should also be developed.

For 110 kV transmission lines

With the ecosvstem

The selection of line routes should avoid tree cutting as much as possible. According toLaw on Forest Protection of Vietnam, tree cutting, which affects environment, is strictlyunder control. Thus the selection should try to avoid dense forests, natural forests with highecological values or reserved areas. The selected line routes in fact traverse only secondaryforests or newly planted ones which have low ecological and economical value.

For example two sub-projects in Do Luong - Tuong Duong and Phu Yen, line route wasselected and designed so that it do not to traverse or cross natural forests and reserved sites inthe areas.

With residential area and safety issues:

The optimal routes have been considered to avoid houses. For those unavoidablytraversing residential plots, mitigation measures include increasing towers height, makingnumerous small angles to avoid houses and structures.

Technical measures have been selected to ensure minimum impacts on houses andstructures as well as safety to local residents. The solution include reasonable spans, specialtechnical options for towers, arms, guys, foundations at locations that have risk of rockfall orerosion.

With telecommunication lines:

There is no impact on the telecom lines as line routes are designed in accordance withregulations and criteria of Degree No. 54 on power network row and Degree No.39 on postoffice transmission line row. Moreover, the T/L rarely traverse or go closed to interdistrictand intercommune telecommunication lines.

However, for subproject 110kV Yen Bai-Nghia Lo T/L running along national roadNo.134, there would be impact due to telecommunication bare conductor line belonging toYen Bai Post office at Nga Ba Khe - Nghia Lo part. It is necessary to coordinate with YenBai post office to replace bare wire by a cable at crossing section and to design specialmitigation measures such as to increase height of the towers to reduce impacts to thetelecommunication systems.

With army sites, airport, historical resorts. pagodas and other constructions:

The survey shows that selected line routes of 110kV Bac Giang - Luc Ngan T/L wouldtraverse part of army site belonging to Army crops No.2. Power Project Management Boardhas discussed and got agreement on the line route with the affected organization. However-.

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jEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF I IOKV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNl|VIETNAMl

additional coordination with General Office of Arrmy Corps no.2 will required during siteclearance and construction.

The line routes could also traverse temple (forrner Buom market), Thuong Lam pagodaof Thanh Lam cornmune-Luc Nam district at G8 position which were recognized as historicalreserves. The T/L could traverse former Binh Noi communal house, Noi Bang historicalreserves (on which war of resistance against Nguyen enemy in 18 I' century of Trangeneration took place) at G32 position. To avoid these impacts, numerous small angles willbe made during design stage.

With impacts on landscape

Line routes may affect sight seeing in the areas. Mitigation measures therefore should beconsidered and applied based specific conditions of different locations and cases. Followingprinciples would be applied:

- The line routes should avoid parks, reserved sites, and areas that have historical andarchitectural value. The routes should be hidden as much as possible.

- T/L should be located in areas where impacts on landscape are least.

- Avoid T/L running parallel with high ways or public entertainment areas.

With the former war remnants.'During selection of line routes or substation sites, one of the highetst concems to avoid formerwar consequences such as: bombs, mines, etc. which could be in the ROW and in substationlocation.

2. For llOkVsubstations

110/35/22kV substations of the project were designed mainly out door substation type.I10kV substations land acquisition is accounted for about 95.000m 2 . All substation sites wereselected to be located in land for agriculture, waste land, land in industrial zones and in land farfrom residential areas, there would not be impact on residential or protected areas.

The substations were separated with outside by surrounding fences to ensure safetyoperation and avoid hazardous conditions to human and animal passing by.

However, fueling and lubricants spills from substations may occur during operation.Absorb tanks will be included in the designs of substations with large capacity. All fuel,lubricants leaking and raining water therefore would be absorbed and treated before draining out.Impact on environment would be mitigated as fuel, lubricants leaking were split from water.Latrine system also designed to be built within substation sites to avoid pollution to surroundingareas.

Fire, exploitation protective equipment and prevention methods, which are consultedand agreed with Fire Prevention Police Office, will be included in design stage of substation.

Transformers, disconnecting equipment will not use electric isolation oil PCB type asPCB substance may cause cancer disease. This will be specified in the bidding document for

supplying of transformer.Substations' connecting circuit diagrams were designed to be include protection equipment:

+ Drop-out fuse on transformner's MV side for short circuit and over current protection+Circuit breaker on LV side for short circuit and overcurrent protection+ Sure arresters for over voltage wave protection

Thanks to protection automatic equipment systems, power networks' fails during operationhave been quickly eliminated, ensuring security, mitigating potential dangers to people in thearea.Summary of mitigation measures during design phase is provided in the following table:

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|VIETNAMl

Potential Impact Mitigating Measures

1)110kV Transmission Lines- Impacts on ecological system: trees - Line routes selected and designed to avoid natural and

cutting, deforestation (natural and planted forests; Limit deforestation due to cutting of treesplanted forests) that have economical or ecological value; replant trees as

much as number of trees to be cut down (mechanicalmethods strictly forbidden; it is encouraged to use simpletools for trees cutting)

-Impact on residential areas: Line - Carefully and properly calculated line routes to avoidroutes may traverse houses and other houses and other structures; increase tower length;constructors; noise disturbance designed routes turning frequently to minimize number of

houses to be traversed by line routes (there's no house to betraversed); manufacturers are requested to designequipment with maximum noise level when operating notexceed permitted noise level standards

- Impact on communication line system - Comply with network safety regulations and articlesand other broadcasting related means: stipulated in Degree No. 54 on safety ofT/L may traverse or cross these systems. telecommunication transmission lines; Select line routes

far from communication line system or minimize numberof times crossing or traverse these systems; coordinate withProvincial Post Offices to cables the communication linesystem in crossing sections; calculate and prepare methodto avoid jam or affection to communication line and otherbroadcasting mean systems.

- Impact on landscape, army site, - Coordinate and agree with local authorities on locationshistorical sites, airport, reversed areas... have T/L traverse through; adjust design to avoid historical

and cultural sites, reserved areas...

-Impact on sight seeing of the - Hide T/L in side forests; avoid parks, public sites or highlandscape that has T/L traversed through ways in order to hide T/L as much as possible; design TIL

run along national roads, rail ways...

1I. DURING CONSTRUCTION STAGE:

A. 110kV transmission line:

1. Construction arrangement:

The construction plan will be optimized regarding implementation schedule for each taskto reduce temporary occupation of land and impacts on environment. In addition, to minimizeimpacts on agricultural production caused by ROW and temporary occupation of land,construction should start after harvests.

Line construction, tree cutting, site clearance, foundation works, material transportation,cable stringing... will cause certain impacts on environment. It is necessary to implement thefollowing specific mitigation methods:

Tree cutting, ROW clearance:

Clearing methods should be selected to minimize impact of tree cutting and soil erosion. InVietnam, the use of herbicide is very restricted and normally not used for this kind of projects.

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According to the current practice, tree cutting will be selective using mechanical means so thatthe impacts will be minimised. This method will strictly be applied for the components wheretransmission lines have to traverse forests. After the construction is completed, trees withappropriate height and grass will be replanted again in the foundation area and in the temporarilyused areas for construction to restore original environment and reduce future soil erosion.

Temporary road requiredfor construction:

Selection of temporary roads during construction progress was considered during designand will reconfirm before implementation. In order to avoid potential negative impacts onenvironments, it is necessary to implement the following main mitigation methods:

- Access roads should avoid sensitive areas. Consultation and agreement with localauthority on the selection of access road and proposed mitigation measures are to be done beforeconstruction start.

- To avoid run off and sedimentation from grading for access road and alteration ofhydrological pattem, the design and construction of assess road must be examined carefullyand an appropriate water drainage system will be considered and constructed when neededto avoid water spreading causing soil erosion. Sediment traps are to be installed whererequired to control sedimentation.

- After construction completion, most of access roads would be demolished. It is necessary toapplied measures for road restoration such as clearing and levelling the road surface,replanting grass and trees to restore the original status.

All the measures will be included in the responsibilities of contractors.

Safety during construction

- Equipment and material or heavy equipment transportation must be handled by specialtransportation vehicles which should be checked before use in compliance with transportationsecurity regulation.

- During foundation and tower works, safety regulations will be strictly followed. As towerwork is a manual process, any remaining sand and broken stones must be cleared so that thre areno impacts on future cultivations.

- Before starting works on foundations, it is necessary to coordinate with relevant agenciesto identify and avoid damage on water pipes, postal cables or power cables.

- Implementing safety methods as regulated during tower erection phase

- Facilities and equipment must be careful checked in terns of quality and quantity beforeuse. Construction leader needs to appoint a person responsible for security supervision. Thisperson will check production equipment, labor protection facilities and remind every one forcare.

2. Worker camps

Many camps need to be established due to characteristics of line construction. Theappropriate location should be close to residential areas so that it is easier to get food, waterprovisions, as well as communication facilities. However, the sites for camps should not interferethe norrmal life of local people and need to be selected in agreement and consultation with localauthority.

However, in some cases the construction will be carried out in difficult areas without localpopulation, temporary camps will be establish near the line and the works there will be optimizedwith limited number of workers as possible.

During the construction, workers' health will be protected in accordance with specificregulation on health and hygiene methods. Each independent work unit will appoint one

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSNMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF 110KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM

personnel who has health competence to take care issues such as helping, medical care,preventing and treating disease: typhoid, malaria, diarrhea, and other transmitted disease. Wastesfrom camps will be controlled and will be disposed to places as agreed with local authority toavoid impacts to environment and to local residents.

Construction workers are prohibited to use trees or other materials from forest for cookingor heating.

4. Pollution caused by noise

Construction may create dust, noise and vibration, caused by transportation truck andconstruction equipment.

To reduce pollution of dusts, for construction close to residential areas, load trucktransporting material on roads will be requested to be covered. Night works will be carefullyconsidered in order to reduce noise to local residents.

As the voltage level s is mainly designed at 110kv, 35kV, 22kV, noise caused by arcingflashover in the light rain or humid condition are insignificant, so will not be considered.

Generally, in construction phase, with appropriate mitigation measures applied the projectnegative impacts would be low potential impacts.

B. 110kV Substations

In order to avoid and eliminate pollution during site clearance and materialtransportation, specific vehicles, trucks covered or land watering methods would be used. Noisecaused by construction machines may affect human activities in the surrounding areas. Allconstruction machines should be checked before use in compliance with operation securityregulation. In case of machine causing high level noise, night shift should be limited (forlocations near school) or forbidden (for locations near hospital).

Rubbish and construction material waste must be disposed to appropriate places agreedearlier with local authorities in order to ensure sanitation and avoid pollute local water and land.Water draining system is to be built in compliance with industrial hygienic standards.

In order to avoid interruption of season crops, working schedule in locations withinagricultural areas should be selected suitably. If there is any canal belong to the local irrigationsystem located on substation areas, it is necessary to rebuild the irrigation system completelybefore site clearance.

III. DURING OPERATION STAGE:

During operation, the provincial power service under PCI will take over theenvironmental management.

ROWManagementAccording to the project management scheme, Provincial Power Services shall examine

and supervise land utilization within ROW in provinces. Violations of land, trees within ROWareas must be checked and prevented immediately.

Tree cutting to ensure safety regulation will be periodically. Tree cutting will be done byhand to reduce impacts on environment. The use of herbicide is prohibited. Local authorities,organizations and landowners shall supervise tree cutting.

Access Roads

Although many access roads for construction will be removed after project completion,there remain some access roads that are required for inspection, reparation and periodicalmaintenance purposes.

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For subprojects IIOkV Do Luong-Tuong Duong T/L, IOkV Phu Yen branch, IIOkVCho Roe, there are few temporary roads traversing secondary forest . It is required to getagreements with local authorities and provincial agriculture agencies on management of the roadto avoid deforestation. Similarly is required for subprojects I1OkV Lao Cai-Phong Tho, TuyenQuang-Chiem Hoa T/L and 1OkV Ham Yen, Phu Yen, Quang Ha where there are somebranches of access road traversing planted forests. In addition, grass and trees must be planted inorder to remain vegetation and avoid risk of erosion or landslides.

PollutionTo avoid oil or lubricant spillage, the substations were designed with suitable oil pit and

oil tank. Regulations on monitoring and regular checking for possible oil spillage is required.Used oil should be disposed according to the environment regulations.

Fire hazard.The substation is designed and equipped with fire detection and prevention according toGovemment regulations. All workers will be trained for fire prevention and fighting. There shallbe regular monitoring for compliance with fire prevention regulations.

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF I 10KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERNVIETNAM _

CHAPTER VII

PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

During selection of line routes and substation location, the consulting companies havecarefully studied different alternatives for each project on maps and at site and then carried outthorough investigation..

For substations site selection:Criteria for selection of substation sites are:- Closeness to load center;

- Convenience to connect the substation to the existing network;- Lowest impacts on environment and local people;- In accordance with local planning and landscape.

The substations have therefore one selected option and no alternatives for substations areneeded. Following are detailed information on selection of substations site for individualprojects:

1. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV Chiem Hoa substation andassociated 110kV transmission branch

During selection of substation location, Consulting Center for Construction and Designengineers had carefully studied different alternatives on map and at site and chose oneroute for investigation. Nevertheless, the location of substation is deterrnined by People'sCommittee Tuyen Quang province at agreement on Construction site of 110kV ChiemHoa substation No.1290/ CV- UB dated June, I9 th 2001 and Ministry of NationalDefense has approved only one alternative that has been selected for the project.

2. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV Kien xuong substation andassociated 110kV transmission branch

There is only one option suitable for the substation site and the option has been acceptedby the People's Committee of Thai Binh province in their letter on Construction site of1OOkV Kien Xuong substation No.841/ CV - UB dated June, 14'h 2001.

3. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV Vinh Tuong substation andllOkV transmission branch

During selection of substation location, ELECO engineers had carefully studieddifferent alternatives on mad and at site and chose one route for investigation. However,the location of substation are determined by People's Committee Vinh Phuc province atagreement on Construction site of 110kV Viet tri substation No.1622/HC dated August,17th 2001 and Ministry of National defense has approved only one alternative that hasbeen selected for the project.

4. Analysis of alternative selection for the llOkV Lap Thach substation andlOkV transmission branch

During selection of substation location, Institute of Energy engineers had carefullystudied different alternatives on mad and at site and chose one route for investigation.Nevertheless, the location of substation are determined by People's Committee VinhPhuc province at agreement on Construction site of 1 OkV Lap Thach substation

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EF FICIENCY IMPROVEMENTI OF I110KV DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROJECT NORTHERN|VIETNAM

No.990/HC - UB dated July, lOt' 2001 and Ministry of National defense has approvedonly one alternative that has been selected for the project.

5. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV Phu Tho substation and110kV transmission branch

During selection of substation location, Institute of Energy engineers had carefullystudied different alternatives on mad and at site and chose one route for investigation.Nevertheless, the location of substation are determined by People's Committee Phu Thoprovince at agreement on Construction site of IlOkV Phu Tho substation No.1355/HCdated July, 25 'h 2001 and Ministry of National defense has approved only one altemativethat has been selected for the project.

6. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV Northern Viet tri substationand 110kV transmission branch

During selection of substation location, Institute of Energy engineers had carefullystudied different alternatives on mad and at site and chose one route for investigation.Nevertheless, the location of substation are determined by People's Committee Phu Thoprovince at agreement on Construction site of IOkV Northern Viet tri substationNo.1622/HC dated August, 17'h 2001 and Ministry of National defense has approvedonly one alternative that has been selected for the project.

7. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV Can Loc substation and110kV transmission branch

During selection of substation location, Institute of Energy engineers had carefullystudied different altematives on mad and at site and chose one route for investigation.Nevertheless, the location of substation are deterrnined by People's Committee Ha Tinhprovince at agreement on Construction site of 11 OkV Can Loc substation No.925 CV -UTB dated May, 30'h 2001 and Ministry of National defense has approved only onealternative that has been selected for the project.

8. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV Phu Luong substation and110kV transmission branch

During selection of substation location, Vina Power engineers had carefully studieddifferent altematives on mad and at site and chose one route for investigation.Nevertheless, the location of substation are determined by People's Committee ThaiNguyen province at agreement on Construction site of 11OkV Phu Luong substation No.850/CV - UJB dated August, 31't 2001 and Ministry of National defense has approvedonly one altemative that has been selected for the project.

9. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV Thuan Chau substation and110kV transmission branch

During selection of substation location, PECC1 engineers had carefully studied differentalternatives on mad and at site and chose one route for investigation. There is only oneoption suitable for the substation site which is located in a hill with planted bamnboos andwithout population. The transmission line traverses rice and corn fields, so there is smallimpacts on tree cutting.

10. Analysis of alternative selection for the 110kV