technology in the 21 st century quick and fast advent of technology tools, innovations, and...
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Technology in the 21st Century
•Quick and fast advent of technology tools, innovations, and progression
•Digital and online technology is impacting all aspects of our lives
http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats5.htm
DE and Technology
•DE offers many advantages including accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and opportunity for learning anytime anywhere (Moore & Kearsley, 2005).
•Previously, DE was limited to correspondence education
•With the advent of technology, DE has reached new heights and with different and innovative modes of delivery including blended learning
Research and DE
•Research has supported the fact that DE can be as effective as traditional in-class teaching
•Numerous research studies and meta-analyses
Bernard et al. 2004
Question: How does distance education compare to classroom instruction?
Measures: Achievement, Attitudes and Retention
Results• Total number of studies: K = 232• Inclusive dates 1985-2002• 599 effect sizes of all dependent
variables• Overall achievement, g+ ≈ 0.00 and
heterogeneous
Mean and Variability
Results
• Split between synchronous and asynchronous DE• Synchronous achievement, g+ ≈ –0.05,
heterogeneous• Asynchronous achievement, g+ ≈ +0.10,
heterogeneous• Meta-regression revealed, after
accounting for study quality (up to 50% of variance), pedagogy accounted for more variation than media use
DE and Interactivity• Learner-centered environments are advocated by
many educators and researchers in the 21st century (APA, 1997; Laurillard, 2002; McCombs, 2000)
• Within DE, three main interactions are advocated as important for enhancing the learning experience and process (Moore, 1989)▫Learner-Instructor▫Learner-Learner▫Learner-Content
Learner-Instructor Interaction
•Refers mainly to the communication between the learner and the instructor
Learner-Learner Interaction
•Refers to various forms of interaction among learners including general communication or more focused group work
Learner-Content Interaction
•Refers to the learners’ interaction with the content matter in order to construct meaning, enable knowledge building and transfer, and support problem solving
Bernard et al. 2009
Question: What instructional approaches, technology applications, etc. make a difference in learner success* when DE studies are compared to DE studies?
Measures: Achievement, Attitudes and Retention
Results• Sorted 74 achievement and 44 attitude effects into
LL, LT and LC categories
• The presence of any type of interaction enhances achievement outcomes (Mean ES=0.38)
• Increasing cognitive engagement improves achievement
• This is especially true for Learner-content interaction and any combination that involves Learner-content interaction
HBMeU: An Innovative Approach to DE•e-Total Quality Management College
(eTQM) set up in September 2002 •Evolved into an e-Learning University
renamed Hamdan Bin Mohammed e-University in honour of HH the Crown Prince of Dubai in February 2009
•Uses blended learning approach combining face-to-face, online, and self-paced learning forms
Blended Learning
LMS:
Virtual Classroom: WIMBA
Virtual Classroom: WIMBA
Technology enabled environment
LEARNERS
Learner - learner
Facilitating Learner Interactivity at HBMeU
Technology enabled environment
FACULTY (FULL TIME /ADJUNCT)
Faculty - faculty
LEARNERS
Learner - learner
Facilitating Learner Interactivity at HBMeU
Technology enabled environment
FACULTY (FULL TIME /ADJUNCT)
Faculty - faculty
LEARNERS
Learner - learner
STAFF
Staff - staff
Facilitating Learner Interactivity at HBMeU
Technology enabled environment
FACULTY (FULL TIME /ADJUNCT)
Faculty - faculty
LEARNERS
Learner - learner
E- LEARNING AND IT SUPPORT TEAM Members - members
STAFF
Staff - staff
Facilitating Learner Interactivity at HBMeU
Technology enabled environment
FACULTY (FULL TIME /ADJUNCT)
Faculty - faculty
LEARNERS
Learner - learner
E- LEARNING AND IT SUPPORT TEAM Members - members
STAFF
Staff - staff
Facilitating Learner Interactivity at HBMeU
Technology enabled environment
FACULTY (FULL TIME /ADJUNCT)
Faculty - faculty
LEARNERS
Learner - learner
E- LEARNING AND IT SUPPORT TEAM Members - members
STAFF
Staff - staff
Facilitating Learner Interactivity at HBMeU
Learner-Instructor Interaction
•Blended learning minimizes isolation through online (synchronous & asynchronous) and face to face meetings
•MOODLE provides opportunities for asynchronous communication
•WIMBA most important technological supporter for learner-instructor interactions
•Regular emails and mobile texting•The use of learner-centred course design
Learner-Learner Interaction•Blended learning minimizes isolation
through online (synchronous & asynchronous) and face to face meetings
•MOODLE provides opportunities for asynchronous communication
•WIMBA most important technological supporter for learner-instructor interactions
•Regular emails and mobile texting•The use of learner-centred course design
and collaborative learning projects
Learner-Content Interaction
•MOODLE and its role as a central repository for resources and a platform for discussion forums and boards, wikis, and glossary options
•WIMBA and its archiving feature•Course design and the richness in
provided resources •Collaborative projects allowing for an
authentic experience with many of the presented concepts
•Use of e-library and digitized material
Learners’ Perceptions
•Positive feedback with overall learning experience
•Allowing for flexibility and accessibility •Allowing for pursuing formal education
without hindering the professional growth and social commitments
Future Research
•In-depth investigation addressing:▫Particular aspects of the course design▫How to best ensure the learners’ success
and satisfaction▫Empirically validating the model with
regard to some selected outcome variables
