SKRIPSI

THE ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE INDESPICABLE ME MOVIE

By:SATRIA ADITAMA

NIM. 2011 32 064

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENTTEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY2015

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THE ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE INDESPICABLE ME MOVIE

SKRIPSI

Presented to the University of Muria KudusIn Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana

Program in the Department of English Education

By:SATRIA ADITAMA

NIM. 2011 32 064

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENTTEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY2015

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO:

You can take the future, even if you fail. Believe such what you see

about the fairy story that everything can be done.

To get a success, your courage must be greater than your fear.

When someone say your dream is too big, you can say to him that

his think is too small.

DEDICATION:

This Final Project Dedicated To:

My beloved parents

My sister and my brothers

All of my family

My best friends ever

(Yusrul, Toriq, Ari, Alvian, Eron)

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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Skripsi of Satria Aditama (2011-32-064) has been

approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the examining committee.

Kudus, July 29th 2015

Advisor I

Titis Sulistyowati, SS, M.P.dNIP. 19810402-200501-2-001

Advisor II

Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.P.dNIS. 0610701000001187

Acknowledged by

Head of English Education Department,

Diah Kurniati S.Pd, M.PdNIS. 0610701000001190

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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Skripsi of Satria Aditama (2011-32-064) has been

approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree of

English Education.

Kudus, August 2015

Skripsi Examining Committee:

Titis Sulistyowati, SS, M.P.d, Chair PersonNIP. 19810402-200501-2-001

Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.P.d MemberNIS. 0610701000001187

Nuraeningsih, S.Pd. M.Pd. MemberNIS. 0610701000001201

Aisyah Ririn Perwikasih Utari, SS. M.P.d MemberNIS. 0610701000001228

Acknowledged by

Head of English Education Department,

Diah Kurniati S.Pd, M.PdNIS. 0610701000001190

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Alhamdulillah thanks to Allah SWT the Almighty who has been

bestowing everything to me since the creation of me until this time, and thanks to

Him who has been always with me beginning from the title choosing of this

skripsi, advisors deciding, references supply, time for consultation management,

and even the process of completing this skripsi entitled “The analysis of

conversational implicature in the despicable me movie”

I realize that my skripsi contribution will never get success without any

interference from other people. Therefore, it is my pleasure to acknowledge the

following people for their contribution to the writing of this skripsi:

1. Allah SWT the Almighty, the Most Merciful, the Most Gracious, the

Everlasting Energy Source, And Eternal Hope.

2. Nabiyyullah Muhammad SAW our Prophet.

3. My beloved parents for their loves and supports me in finishing this skripsi.

4. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd, the Dean of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty.

5. Diah Kurniati, S. Pd, M.Pd, the Head of English Education Department of

Teacher Training and Education Faculty.

6. Titis Sulistyowati, S.Pd, M.Pd, the first advisor who has given many valuable

criticisms, suggestion, and helpful inputs for accomplishing this skripsi.

7. Agung Dwi Nurcahyo ,SS.M.Pd, the second advisor who has given his care,

love, advice, and spirit to me, so that I can be able to finish this skripsi.

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8. All lecturers and staffs of English Education Department of Teacher Training

and Education Faculty.

9. All my incredible friends in UMK (Toriq, Arinal, Yusrul, Eron, Alvian, Titin,

Zaen, Aniq).

10. Then, to all my friends that could not mention one by one.

Hopefully, this skripsi will be useful for anyone, who needs information

related to this study. The constructive critics and suggestion are expected from all

of the readers.

Kudus, July 20th 2015

Satria Aditama,

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ABSTRACT

Aditama Satria. 2015. The Analysis of Conversational Implicature in theDespicable Me movie. Skripsi. English Education Department, TeacherTraining and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i)Titis Sulistyowati, SS, M.P.d., (2) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.P.d

Key Words: Conversational Implicature, cooperative principles, Flouting Maxims,Implied Meaning.

In much of our daily conversation absolutely there are speaker or listenerand we guess that they cooperating with each other. However, in somecircumstance, a speaker intends to communicate more than is said, that somethingmust be more than just the words mean. It is an additional meaning calledconversational implicature. Grice (1975) is expert that firstly tells about the theoryof conversational implicature that stated the cooperative principle which consist offour maxims that should be obeyed by the speaker. If the speaker break this rules,that is called the flouting maxims. In addition, the conversational implicatures arecaused by the flouting maxims.

The writer use Grice’s theory to analyze conversational implicaturesrelated to the flouting maxims and implied meaning in the Despicable Me movie.There are four of maxims; they are quantity, quality, relevance and manner. Thepurposes of doing this research are to find out (i) the types of conversationalimplicature in the Despicable Me movie, and (ii) the implied meanings ofconversational implicatures in Despicable Me movie.

The method of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The writerchose Despicable Me movie because the writer noticed that the utterancesproduced by the characters contain a lot of implicatures. The data of this researchare the maxims and the implied meanings in the conversation among thecharacters of Despicable Me movie that flouted the conversational maxims basedon the Grice Cooperative Principle. The data source in this research is ananimation movie entitled Despicable Me.

The result shows that the numbers of flouting maxims in the DespicableMe movie are 70 maxims. Those are flouting quantity (16/23%), flouting quality(8/11%), flouting relation (32/46%) and flouting manner (14/20%). Mostly, theimplicature or the implied meaning of flouting maxim of quality is to cover up thetruth. The implied meaning of flouting maxim of quantity is to emphasize themessage. Another words, the implied meaning of flouting maxim of relevance isto disclose certain purpose that particular characteristic. And the implied meaningof flouting maxim of manner is to evoke curiosity.

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ABSTRAK

Aditama, Satria. 2015. Analisis Implikatur Percakapan di Dalam Film DespicableMe. Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris FakultasKeguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. DosenPembimbing: (i) Titis Sulistyowati, SS, M.P.d., (ii) Agung DwiNurcahyo, SS, M.P.d

Kata Kunci: Implikatur Percakapan, Prinsip Kerjasama, Pelanggaran Maksim,Dan Makna Tersirat.

Di dalam kebanyakan percakapan sehari- hari kita, yang pasti adapembicara atau pendengar dan kita mengira bahwa mereka bekerja sama satusama lain. Namun, dalam beberapa situasi, seorang pembicara bermaksud untukberkomunikasi lebih dengan apa yang dikatakannya, sesuatu itu pastinya lebihdari apa yang sekedar dimaksudkan. Hal tersebut adalah makna tambahan yangdinamakan implikatur percakapan. Grice (1975) adalah seorang peneliti pertamatentang teori implikatur ini yang mengatakan bahwa prinsip kooperatif yangterdiri dari empat maxim yang harus di taati oleh pembicara. Jika pembicara tidakmematuhi peraturan ini, maka itulah yang disebut dengan pelanggaran makim.Dengan kata lain, implikatur percakapan timbul karena pelanggaran maksim.

Penulis menggunakan teorinya Grice untuk menganalisa implikaturpercakapan yang berhubungan dengan pelanggaran maksim dan maknatersembunyi di dalam film Despicable Me. Ada empat maksim yaitu maksimkuantitas, kualitas, hubungan dan cara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (i) untukmenemukan tipe- tipe implikatur percakapan di dalam film Despicable Me, dan(ii) makna tersembunyi dari implikatur percakapan di dalam film Despicable Me.

Metode penelitian ini adalah pemaparan kualitatif. Penulis memilih filmini karena penulis yakin bahwa ungkapan yang dihasilkan oleh para pemain didalam film ini mengandung banyak implikatur percakapan. Data penelitian iniadalah pelanggaran maksim dan makna tersembunyi di dalam percakapan antarpemain di film ini berdasarkan Grice teori tentang prinsip kooperatif. Sumber datapada penelitian ini adalah sebuah film animasi yaitu Despicable Me.

Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pelanggaran maksimdi dalam film ini adalah 70 maksim. Semua itu adalah pelanggaran maksimkuantitas berjumlah (16/23%), pelanggaran kualitas (8/11%), pelanggaranhubungan (32/46%) dan pelanggaran cara (14/20%). Kebanyakan implikatur ataumakna tersembunyi dari pelanggaran maksim kualitas adalah untuk menutupikebenaran. Pelangaaran kuantitas untuk menekankan atau memperjelas pesanyang disampaikan. Dengan kata lain, makna tersirat dari pelanggaran maksimhubungan adalah untuk menyingkap tujuan tertentu yang bersifat khusus. Danmakna tersirat dari pelanggaran maksim cara yaitu untuk menimbulkankeingintahuan.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ........................................................................................................ iLOGO ........................................................................................................... iiTITLE .......................................................................................................... iiiMOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................... ivADVISORS’ APPROVAL ......................................................................... vEXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ...................................................................... viACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................... viiABSTRACT ................................................................................................. ixABSTRAK ................................................................................................... xTABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................ xiLIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................... xv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Research ..................................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem .................................................................... 4

1.3 Objective of the Research ................................................................... 4

1.4 Significance of the Research ................................................................ 5

1.5 Limitation of the Research ................................................................... 6

1.6 Operational Definition.......................................................................... 6

CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE

2.1. Definition of Pragmatics ...................................................................... 8

2.2. Cooperative Principle ........................................................................... 10

2.3. Kinds of Maxim ................................................................................... 10

2.3.1 Maxim of Quantity ............................................................................... 11

2.3.2 Maxim of Quality ................................................................................. 12

2.3.3 Maxim of Relevance ............................................................................ 13

2.3.4 Maxim of Manner................................................................................. 14

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2.4. Non- Observance of Maxim................................................................. 15

2.4.1 Flouting a Maxim ................................................................................. 15

2.4.2 Violating a maxim................................................................................ 16

2.4.3 Opting out a maxim.............................................................................. 16

2.4.4 Infringing a Maxim .............................................................................. 17

2.4.5 Suspending a Maxim............................................................................ 17

2.5. The Flouting Maxim of Cooperative Principles................................... 18

2.5.1 The Flouting Maxim of Quantity ......................................................... 19

2.5.2 Flouting Maxim of Quality .................................................................. 20

2.5.3 Flouting Maxim of Relevance.............................................................. 21

2.5.4 Flouting the Maxim of Manner ............................................................ 22

2.6. Speech Events ...................................................................................... 24

2.7. Implicature ........................................................................................... 27

2.7.1 Conversational Implicature .................................................................. 28

2.7.2 The Flouting of Cooperative Principles As a Source Of Convertational

Implicature .......................................................................................... 31

2.8. Despicable Me Movie .......................................................................... 32

2.8.1. The Synopsis of Despicable Me Movie ............................................... 33

2.9. Review of Previous Research............................................................... 35

2.10. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................ 37

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH

3.1 Design of the Research......................................................................... 39

3.2 Data and Data Source ........................................................................... 40

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3.3 Technique of Collecting Data .............................................................. 41

3.4 Technique of Analyzing Data .............................................................. 42

CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH

4.1 Research Finding.................................................................................. 45

4.1.1 The Types of Maxims are Flouted in the Despicable Me Movie......... 45

4.1.2 The Implied Meaning of Flouting Maxim in the Despicable Me

Movie ................................................................................................... 63

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION OF THE RESEARCH

5.1 The Types of Flouting Maxims Found in the Despicable Me Movie .. 82

5.1.1 The Flouting Maxim of Quantity ......................................................... 82

5.1.2 The Flouting Maxim of Quality ........................................................... 85

5.1.3 The Flouting Maxim of Relevance....................................................... 87

5.1.4 The Flouting Maxim of Manner........................................................... 89

5.2 The Implied Meanings of Flouting Maxim in the Despicable Me

Movie ................................................................................................... 92

5.2.1 The Implied Meanings of Quantity ..................................................... 92

5.2.2 The Implied Meanings of Quality ........................................................ 93

5.2.3 The Implied Meanings of Relevance.................................................... 93

5.2.4 The Implied Meanings of Manner........................................................ 94

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusion............................................................................................ 95

6.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................ 96

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REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 98APPENDIX i .................................................................................................. 100APPENDIX II ................................................................................................ 112STATEMENT ................................................................................................ 184CURRICULUM VITAE ............................................................................... 187

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

Table 3.1 the Example of Flouting Maxims in Despicable Me movie ...... 43

Table 3.2 the Example of Implied Meanings in Despicable Me movie.......... 44

Table 4.1 the Flouting Maxims Found in the Despicable Me Movie .......... 46

Table 4.2 The Implied Meaning of Flouting Maxim in the Despicable Me

Movie ........................................................................................... 64