the bittersweet story behind chocolate
TRANSCRIPT
THE BITTERSWEET STORY BEHIND
CHOCOLATE
THE BITTERSWEET STORY BEHIND
CHOCOLATE
“THE GREAT AMERICAN CANDY BAR”
WORLD CONSUMPTION
= =3,300,000
TONS150,000 40 FOOT CONTAINERS
33 OF THESE
COUNTRY AMOUNT PRODUCED[tons]
PERCENTAGE OF WORLD PRODUCTION
IVORY COAST 1,300,000 37.4%GHANA 720,000 20.7%
INDONESIA 440,000 12.7%CAMEROON 175,000 5.0%
NIGERIA 160,000 4.6%BRAZIL 155,000 4.5%
ECUADOR 118,000 3.4%DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 47,000 1.4%
MALAYSIA 30,000 0.9%SOURCE: INTERNATIONAL COCOA ORGANIZATION 2006/7
TOP EXPORTERS
AVERAGE AMERICAN CONSUMPTION
= ~11.7 lb
4.25 TREES PER PERSON
120 HERSHEY BARS PER PERSON
PER YEAR
=
1 HERSHEY BAR = 1.55oz [43g]
IF OUR YEARLY CHOCOLATE CONSUMPTION ONLY CONSISTED OF HERSHEY BARS...
16,900,000 HERSHEY BARS FOR POPULATION OF
CITY OF SYRACUSE PER YEAR
140,000
POPULATION OF CITY OF SYRACUSE
x
x
=
=
595 (1470)
HECTARE (ACRES)
4.25/1000
TREES PER PERSONTREES PER HECTARE
64,000,000 SQ. FT.
LAND REQUIRED TO MEET SYRACUSE’S YEARLY CHOCOLATE DEMAND
SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES
SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES
_ DEFORESTATION
_ LABOR
_ PESTICIDES
SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES
_ DEFORESTATION
_ Cocoa farming is responsible for about 8 million hectares of tropical forest loss _ Transition to “full-sun” farming from the natural rainforest habitat. Full sun farming is argued as a means to reap the benefits of the plant more quickly
SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES
_ LABOR
_ Child Labor - Instead of going to school, more than 109,000 children in the Ivory Coast are forced to work in cocoa farms
_ Wages - For the last 50 years the price of chocolate has remained stagnant with workers being paid 60 cents per kilo
_ Safety Hazards - Most pesticides used in cocoa farming have been banned or restricted in developed nations
SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES
_ PESTICIDES
_ Paraquat - [Gramoxone] a non-selective herbicide used to prepare land for planning and for controlling weeds. It has been known to damage vital organs [i.e. lungs, heart, kidneys]
_ Lindane - a cousin to DDT, this insecticide enters surface water as a result of runoff from agricultural land applications
INGREDIENTS TO BECOME SUSTAINABLE
INGREDIENTS TO BECOME SUSTAINABLE
_ REDUCE CROP LOSS
_ FAIR TRADE PRACTICES
_ LEED CERTIFIED BUILDINGS
INGREDIENTS TO BECOME SUSTAINABLE
_ REDUCE CROP LOSS
_ Forest offsets_ High-density planting_ Utilizing ground cover_ Convert waste to usable by-product
INGREDIENTS TO BECOME SUSTAINABLE
_ FAIR TRADE PRACTICES
_ Guarantee that farmers receive at least cents per 80 kilo_ Set labor standards to stop unpaid child labor_ Enforce fair wages and labor standards
INGREDIENTS TO BECOME SUSTAINABLE
_ LEED CERTIFIED BUILDINGS
_ Energy efficient lighting and refrigeration units_ Low VOC paints and insulation_ Fuel saving transportation
THE GREAT AMERICAN CANDY BAR?