the digital journal collection in libraries -what libraries are doing -impact on scientists carol...
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The Digital Journal Collection in The Digital Journal Collection in LibrariesLibraries
-what Libraries Are doing-what Libraries Are doing -Impact on Scientists -Impact on Scientists
Carol TenopirCarol Tenopir
University of TennesseeUniversity of Tennessee
[email protected]@utk.edu
22
Percentages of Acquisitions Dollars Devoted to Electronic Resources
3.6%
4.8%
6.4% 6.8%
7.8%8.9%
10.6%
12.9%
16.3%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01
Fiscal Year
1999-2000 several libraries reported over 20% spent for electronic resources. Source: ARL Statistics and Supplementary Statistics
33www.arl.org ASSOCIATION OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES
37.3%
4.3%
47.5%
8.5%
12.9%
4.2%
23.2%
9.2%
22.5%
5.5%
24.8%
6.4%
27.1%
3.4%
32.7%
9.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-2000
2000-01
Average Increase in Electronic Resources Expenditures
Average Increase in Library Material Expenditures
ARL Libraries Comparison of Yearly Increases in Electronic Resources and Total Materials Expenditures Average Counts
446.9% increase in dollars spent for Electronic Resources between 1992 and 2000 49.4% increase in dollars spent for Total Library Materials between 1992 and 2000 Source: ARL Statistics and Supplementary Statistics
Comparison of Annual Increases in Electronic Resources & Total Materials Expenditures
44
Libraries are spending more on serials, but are they getting more?
55
Average Price Per Title:Science Journals 1996-2002
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
U.S.Non-U.S.
Sources: Library Journal, April 15, 2000, and April 15, 2002.
66
Serial & Monograph Serial & Monograph ExpendituresExpenditures
$0.00
$500,000.00$1,000,000.00$1,500,000.00
$2,000,000.00$2,500,000.00$3,000,000.00
$3,500,000.00$4,000,000.00$4,500,000.00
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998
SerialMonograph
Source: Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries. http://www.arl.org/newsltr/210/coststbl.html. Accessed September 30, 2002.
77
Serial & Monograph Serial & Monograph PurchasesPurchases
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,00019
90
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
SerialMonograph
Source: Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries. http://www.arl.org/newsltr/210/coststbl.html. Accessed September 30, 2002.
88
Print and Electronic Print and Electronic SubscriptionsSubscriptions
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
PrintElectronic
Source: Montgomery and King, “Comparing Library and User Related Costs of Print and Electronic Journal Collections” in D-Lib October 2002. Available at http://wwww.dlib.org/dlib/october02/montgomery/10montgomery.html
99
Print & Electronic Serial Titles in Print & Electronic Serial Titles in Australian Academic LibrariesAustralian Academic Libraries
Source: CAUL Statistics http://www.caul.edu.au/stats/caul2001-pub.xls
Print and Electronic Titles
Electronic Titles
Printer
Electronic
232,684
25%
703,785
75%
Individual Electronic Serial Titles
Titles Within a Single Publishers CollectionTitles Within aggregations
38,442
5%50,387
7%
614,956
88%
1010
Two Main ModelsTwo Main Models
Journal ModelJournal ModelArticle ModelArticle Model
1111
Sources of Readings
Scientists appear to be reading frommore journals—at least one article peryear from approximately 23 journals, upfrom 13 in the late 1970s and 18 in themid-1990s.
% and amount of readings from separate copies
use of personal subscriptions
1212
Core journals – browse andCore journals – browse and
search by title, journal titlesearch by title, journal title
importantimportantPeripheral journals – searchPeripheral journals – search
by topic, read by topic not by topic, read by topic not
journal titlejournal title
1313
Scholarly Publishing at the Crossroads
SPARCSociety Publishers
Commercial Publishers
Bio
Med
Cen
tral
Inst
itutio
nal R
epos
itorie
s
E-Print Service
Self-Archives
1414
Electronic Articles Reading
Paper
Other e-
E-prints
E-journals0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
AAS ORNL UTK
E-journals
E-prints
Other e-
Paper
1515
Time Spent and Number of Time Spent and Number of Articles ReadArticles Read
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1977 1978-1983
1984 1985-1989
1990-1993
1994-1998
2000-2001
Number ReadHours Spent
1616
Valued Attributes of JournalsValued Attributes of Journals
Authority (peer review)Authority (peer review) Quality (editorial)Quality (editorial) Accessibility (distribution)Accessibility (distribution) Longevity (archiving)Longevity (archiving) Priority of discoveries and recognition Priority of discoveries and recognition
(from author’s perspective)(from author’s perspective)
1717
Multiple Co-existing Alternatives
• Print journals
• E-journals with many links
• Articles databases (aggregators)
• E-print servers
• Authors’ web sites
• Institutional repositories