The French and Indian The French and Indian WarWar

By: Alfondso/Mrs. MayeBy: Alfondso/Mrs. Maye

Terms to KnowTerms to Know

• Ally- A person or group that joins with another to work toward a goal

• Congress- A group of representatives who meet to discuss a subject

• Rebellion- A fight against a government

• Proclamation- An official public statement.

War Between France and BritainWar Between France and Britain

• Both France and Britain had colonies in North America.

• Both colonies fought many of years and in 1750 fought over the Ohio River Valley.

• In Albany the colonies held a proclamation to discuss how to fight France.

• The British wanted to trade furs and farm around the Ohio River.

• George Washington lead an army into the valley.

Choosing Sides Choosing Sides

• The war that began in the Ohio River Valley was the French and Indian War.

• The British colonists wanted control of the Ohio River because they wanted to be the most powerful country.

• Most of the American Indian Nations were allies of the French.

• Some American Indian Nations such as Mohawk was allies of the British.

• Mohawks had traded with British for many years and formed ties.

Benjamin Franklin’s Albany PlanBenjamin Franklin’s Albany Plan

• Representatives from colonies held meetings to discuss how to fight France in 1754.

• Representatives often voted on important issues.

• Benjamin Franklin was an attendee at the Albany Congress.

• Both Countries signed the Treaty of Paris agreement in 1763.

Victory for BritainVictory for Britain

• Britain was losing the war until 1757.

• William Pill became leader of Britain’s Parliament.

• Pitts sent many ships and soldiers to North America to take capture of French forts.

• In 1759 the British defeated the French near Quebec.

Troubles After the WarTroubles After the War

• After the treaty the British stayed at the Ohio River Valley.

• Pontiac a Ottawa chief led Indians to war against the British

• Britain defeated Pontiac's army.

• The Proclamation of 1763 colonist did not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Early Conflicts with BritainEarly Conflicts with Britain

Terms to KnowTerms to Know

• Tax- Money that people pay to their government in return for services.

• Smuggling- Imported goods illegally.• Liberty- Freedom from being controlled by

another government.• Protest- An event at which people complain

about an issues.• Boycott- A group of people that refuses to buy,

sell, or use certain goods.• Repeal- A law that means to cancel it.

Britain Needs MoneyBritain Needs Money

• Winning the French and Indian war cost a great deal of money.

• No colonists were represented in the British Parliament when laws were made.

• King George and British Parliament decided colonist should pay the costs of war.

• Britain planned to raise money by collecting taxes.

New TaxesNew Taxes

• In 1764 the Sugar Act was created by Britain.• The act taxed not sugar but other goods such as

coffee and cloth.• Britain usually taxed goods.• Some merchants avoided paying the tax by

smuggling goods illegally.• American Colonists had representatives in local

governments but none in Parliament.• Across the colonies groups were formed by the

name of Sons of Liberty.

Conflicts Over TaxesConflicts Over Taxes

• October 1965 nine colonies sent representatives to a meeting in New York called Stamp Act Congress.

• New York and Philadelphia agreed to hold boycotts on British goods.

• Merchants hoped that they boycott would force the British government to cancel the Stamp Act.

• Parliament agreed to cancel the Stamp Act in 1766.

The Townshend ActsThe Townshend Acts

• 1767 Parliament created new taxes to pay for British services.

• The Townshend Act put a tax on tea, glass, led, paint, and paper.

• British government sent soldiers to protect its tax officials.

Daughters of LibertyDaughters of Liberty

• The Townshend Act held a boycott on British goods.

• The daughters of Liberty wove their own cloth and used it as clothes.

• Parliament decided to remove taxes, glass, lead, paints and paper.

• The British government continued to grow even though taxes had been repealed.

Conflicts GrowConflicts Grow

Terms to KnowTerms to Know

• Massacre- Killing of many people

• Correspondence- Written Communication

• Quarter- People that gives food and shelter

• Delegate- Someone chosen to speak and act for others

Trouble in BostonTrouble in Boston

• March 5,1770 a fight broke out between Boston and British.

• Crispus Attucks were one of the colonist killed in the Boston Massacre.

Colonists Take ActionColonists Take Action

• Paul Revere was the creator of the masterpiece Boston Massacre.

• John Adam a Boston lawyer defended soldiers at their trail.

• Adams tried to prove that the soldiers has been protecting themselves

• Samuel Adams wanted colonist to know what happened.

• In 1772 Adams had set up Committees of Correspondence to share news.

The Boston Tea PartyThe Boston Tea Party

• 1773 Parliament passed the Tea Act.• Merchants avoided paying taxes by

smuggling tea into colonies.• Boston Merchants would not sell East

Indian Tea and sit unloaded on ships in the Boston Harbor.

• Fredrick North passed laws called Coercive Acts to punish colonists in Massachusetts.

The First Continental Congress The First Continental Congress

• September 5, 1774 all delegates meet expect for Georgia.

• Original Meetings became known as the First Continental Congress.

• King George was asked to stop taxing colonist without their agreement and repeal Intolerable Acts.

War Begins War Begins

Terms to Know Terms to Know

• Patriot- Colonist who opposed British rules.

• Militia- A group of ordinary people who train for battle

• Minuteman- Militias with special training• Commander-A officer who is in charge of

an army• Petition- A written request from a number

of people

Moving Toward WarMoving Toward War

• In 1775 colonist felt that the Intolerable Act were too harsh.

• Patriots spoke out against British governments.

• Mercy Otis Warren was a Patriot writer.

• Patrick Henry was eager for war with Britain.

Paul Revere’s RidePaul Revere’s Ride

• Thomas Gage, a new British governor of Massachusetts ordered to stop possible rebellion.

• Gage learned that Patriots were storing gun powder and cannons in Concord.

• Their were two riders spreading news Paul Revere and William Dawes.

• April 18, 1775 700 British soldiers had set off for Concord.

• Samuel Prescott also helped Revere and Dawes Spread the news.

The First BattlesThe First Battles

• British Soldiers reached Lexington on April 19th.

• As a minuteman turned to leave a shot was fired and 8 colonist was shot and 9 wounded.

• Battles of Lexington and Concord soon spread quickly.

Bunker HillBunker Hill

• Militia Leaders decided to build a fort on Bunker Hill.

• Bunker Hill was chosen to fight British Soldiers in Boston

• June 16th building a fort with dirt walls were six feet high.

• More than 2,000 British Soldiers began their march up Breed’s Hill.