THE MODERN CIVIL THE MODERN CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Taking a walk Taking a walk

With Civil Rights LeadersWith Civil Rights Leaders

and established laws for and established laws for

African Americans and African Americans and WomenWomen

The Modern Civil Rights The Modern Civil Rights MovementMovement

Effects of SegregationEffects of Segregation

Separate Separate educational educational facilities and facilities and resources for resources for white and white and African African American American studentsstudents

Separate Separate public public facilities facilities (e.g., (e.g., restrooms, restrooms, drinking drinking fountains, fountains, restaurants)restaurants)

Social Social isolation of isolation of racesraces

Court Cases and LawsCourt Cases and Laws Opposition to Opposition to

Plessy vs. Plessy vs. Fergurson – Fergurson – “separate but “separate but equal”equal”

Brown vs. Board of Brown vs. Board of Education – court Education – court case that decided case that decided that segregation that segregation was unequal and was unequal and unconstitutionalunconstitutional

Plessy vs. Plessy vs. FergursonFergurson – –

A Half-Century Landmark: Brown v. Board of Education

Civil Rights Act of Civil Rights Act of 1964 – banned 1964 – banned discrimination in discrimination in public places such public places such as restaurants and as restaurants and in hiring on the basis in hiring on the basis of race, religion, of race, religion, gender, or gender, or nationality.nationality.

Voting Rights Act of Voting Rights Act of 1965 – banned all 1965 – banned all poll taxes and poll taxes and literacy tests literacy tests

http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2004/summer/images/summer_2004_civ_rts_act_sign.html

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Civil Rights FightersCivil Rights Fighters

Martin Luther King, Jr. – known for his Martin Luther King, Jr. – known for his passive (non-violent) resistance passive (non-violent) resistance against segregated facilitiesagainst segregated facilities

Rosa Parks – refused to give up her Rosa Parks – refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man and led seat on a bus to a white man and led to the Montgomery Bus Boycottto the Montgomery Bus Boycott

Freedom Riders – groups of white and Freedom Riders – groups of white and African American people who rode African American people who rode interstate buses to protest segregationinterstate buses to protest segregation

NAACP – The National NAACP – The National Organization for the Organization for the

Advancement of Colored Advancement of Colored PeoplePeople

This organization was formed by a group This organization was formed by a group of black leaders that became a voice for of black leaders that became a voice for

the rights of African Americansthe rights of African Americans

Martin Luther King, Jr.: "I Have a Dream

““I knew someone had to take the I knew someone had to take the first step and I made up my mind first step and I made up my mind

not to move.” Rosa Parks not to move.” Rosa Parks

Fighting for the CauseFighting for the Cause

Examples of organized protests Examples of organized protests used to bring attention to used to bring attention to discrimination and segregationdiscrimination and segregation

Sit-insSit-ins MarchesMarches Bus boycottsBus boycotts Freedom RidesFreedom Rides

Equality for WomenEquality for Women

Workplace DisadvantagesWorkplace Disadvantages

Discrimination Discrimination in hiring in hiring practices practices against womenagainst women

Lower wages for Lower wages for women than women than men doing the men doing the same jobsame job

Improved ConditionsImproved Conditions National Organization for Women (NOW)National Organization for Women (NOW) Federal legislation to force colleges to Federal legislation to force colleges to

give women equal athletic opportunitiesgive women equal athletic opportunities The Equal Rights Amendment, despite its The Equal Rights Amendment, despite its

failure, and a focus on equal opportunity failure, and a focus on equal opportunity employment created a wider range of employment created a wider range of options and advancement for women in options and advancement for women in business and public service.business and public service.

The Modern Civil Rights Movement

Included equal rights for all Americans, regardless of race, gender, or handicap