the scientific method
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The Scientific MethodThe Scientific MethodThe Scientific MethodThe Scientific Method
What is the scientific method What is the scientific method and why do scientists use it?and why do scientists use it?
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There are two types of questions:
Observation
Will my plant growbigger if I water it with coffee?
Which will help a person
lose weight quickerLean Cuisine orHealthy Choice?
Will I do better onmy test by sleeping
with my sciencebook under my pillow?
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Explanation
Why do sharkseat seals?
How far away is the nearest
planet?
Why do some people have onebrown eye andone blue eye?
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The more specific the question the better!
• Which drink will give you more energy?• Which energy drink will give you more energy?• Will Amp or Red Bull increase reaction time faster?
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Step 1: Problem or Purpose
• A scientifically testable question you are looking to test to find the answer.
Example: Will students remember more words written on blue or green paper?
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Step 2: Research• Information about the topics in the
question to educate the experimenter.
• Example: Memory, Brain, Color
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Hypothesis
• What you believe the answer to the question will be.
• Written as an If…Then statement
If I do this Then this will happen
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Will my plant grow bigger by watering it with
coffee?
If I water my plant with coffee Then it will grow bigger
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Independent VariableDependent Variable
• These are the buried treasures found in the hypothesis!• Independent (The one thing I can change)• Example: feeding plant coffee• Dependent (The measurement to check my guess)• Example: The plant’s height
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Your Turn:Question: Will eating Wheaties for breakfast increase test
scores?Prediction:Hypothesis:Independent:Dependent:
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Step 3: Hypothesis• An educated guess using if and then
statements.• Independent Variable: The one thing I
can change• Dependent Variable: The measurement
to check to see whether or not my guess was correct.
• Example: If a student studies words on green paper then they will remember more words.
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Step 4: Materials• The list of items you need to conduct
an experiment.• Example: 10 words, pencil, pink paper,
blue paper
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Step 5: Procedure• The steps you need to take to complete the
experiment.• Every action is a step.• Be descriptive.• Example: 1.) Seat the subject at a desk.2.) Place a list of 10 words upside down in front
of the subject.3.) Tell them when you say “go” they have 30
seconds to study the words.
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Step 6: Results• The data you collect.• There are two types of
data.Quantitative
(measurements)
Height Weight Volume
Qualitative(Observations)
Use 5 senses Journal Written with words
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Step 7: Conclusion• Compare your results with the
hypothesis.• Use the data to support your position.• Example: My hypothesis was correct. I
stated that students would remember more words written on green paper. My results showed students memorized 5.5 more words when written on green paper compared to the 1.5 written on blue, which proves my hypothesis.
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The Big Question?????• What is the scientific method?• Why do scientists use the scientific
method?