the sun every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. due to the...

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Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material is converted into energy in each second. This means that every year, 157,680,000,000,000 metric tons are converted into energy.

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Page 1: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material is converted into energy in each second. This means that every year, 157,680,000,000,000 metric tons are converted into energy.

Page 2: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

THE EARTH’SSOURCE OF POWER

Page 3: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Page 4: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

FUSION

DEUTERIUM

TRITIUM

HELIUM

NEUTRON

http://fusioned.gat.com

Page 5: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Nuclear Fusion

• Nuclear fusion is the process by which multiple nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus. It is accompanied by the release or absorption of energy depending on the masses of the nuclei involved. Iron and nickel nuclei have the largest binding energies per nucleon of all nuclei and therefore are the most stable. The fusion of two nuclei lighter than iron or nickel generally releases energy while the fusion of nuclei heavier than them absorbs energy; vice-versa for the reverse process, nuclear fission.

Page 6: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Complete the Reaction

1H

4Be

1H

8O

4Be

2He

2He

1H

2He

2He

2He

6C

1H element atomic number (protons)

6C

Page 7: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Cookie Fusion

• Procedure• Cut 2 squares of wax paper 10 cm on a side• Cut 5 cm wide slice of cookie dough (atom)• Find the mass of the atom and record on the table• Place the atom one cm away from the edge of a wax

paper square• Repeat step 2 thru 4 for a second atom• Place the atoms about 2 cm from each other• Place both atoms on a plate and microwave for 1 minute• Remove the “new element” and let cool for 2 minutes• Find the mass of the “new element”• Complete the table

Page 8: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Cookie Fusion

Mass Before Cooking

Mass After Cooking

Atom 1

Atom 2

Total

Difference

Page 9: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Fusion Changes Mass to Energy

E=mc2

H

He

1kg Hydrogen

.993 kg Helium

Page 10: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Page 11: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

What is Solar Energy?

• Originates with the thermonuclear fusion reactions occurring in the sun.

• Represents the entire electromagnetic radiation (visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, x-rays, and radio waves).

Page 12: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

How much solar energy?

The surface receives about 47% of the total solar energy that reaches the Earth. Only this amount is usable.

Page 13: THE SUN Every second, the sun converts 500 million metric tons of hydrogen to helium. Due to the process of fusion, 5 million metric tons of excess material

Global Solar Energy BalanceSolar Energy Input (TeraWatts)

178,000

Reflected to Space Immediately 53,000

Absorbed and Then Reflected as Heat 82,000

Used to Evaporate Water (Weather) 40,000

Captured by Plant Photosynthesis 100

Total Energy Used by Human Society 10

Total Energy Used by US Society 2.5

Total Human Food Energy 0.6

www.hubbertPeak.com/debate/oilcalcs.htm

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