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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 1

Ciean Xl frt

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 8

Zlptlkhlr 841<

 Aut`frs

Karo Ztarcfrb

J`arnlel Mfels

R`l Hfarb Xlsfurjl Jletlr is t`l prikary letity cfr cajinitatieg cfjus grfups,

jfnnljtieg, rlvilwieg, aeb rlpfrtieg futjfkls rlnatlb tf

R`ieoieg A`lab= Jfevlrsatifes ajrfss Janicfreia.

Ziejl 1992, HXJ ajtivitils `avl abbrlsslb lbujatife aeb traieieg ellbs t`atcfstlr nlablrs`ip, slnc-bltlrkieatife, aeb jfkkueity iejnusife. Fur cfjus

arlas iejnubl plrsfe-jletlrlb stratlgils aeb kunti-klbia pnaie naeguagl

prfbujts t`at aik tf iejrlasl iecfrklb bljisife-kaoieg aeb legaglklet ie

puhnij pfnijy kaoieg.

HXJ strivls tf kaol fur prfbujts avainahnl tf t`l puhnij aeb ajjlssihnl tf a

varilty fc aubilejls. Ic yfu `avl aey jfkklets ahfut t`is fr aey ft`lr HXJ

prfmljt fr rlpfrt, lkain us at iecfDhrjletlr.frg. 

HXJ’s prfbujts arl avainahnl feniel= www.hrjletlr.frg 

Tnlasl birljt jfkklets tf=

Hfarb Xlsfurjl Jletlr

R`ieoieg A`lab= Jfevlrsatifes ajrfss Janicfreia

Tfst Fccijl Hfx 341277

Zajrakletf, JA 9<034

iecfDhrjletlr.frg 

R`is rlpfrt, viblfs aeb abbitifean rlsfurjls jae hl cfueb feniel at=`ttp=//yfu-bltlrkiel.frg 

 ©   841< Hfarb Xlsfurjl Jletlr. Zajrakletf, JA 9<034

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA :

Rahnl fc Jfetlets

Zukkary ................................................................................ 2

Tlrsfean Ztfry ........................................................................ <

Turpfsl .................................................................................. 7

Hajogrfueb ........................................................................... 9

Klt`fb ................................................................................ 18

Ciebiegs ................................................................................ 1<

Xljfkklebatifes ............................................................. 19

Bisjfvlrils ........................................................................... 81

Elxt Ztlps ............................................................................ 88

Bisjussife ............................................................................. 8<

J`annlegls .......................................................................... 87

Ajoefwnlbglklets ........................................................... 80

Leb Eftls ............................................................................. 89

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 2

Zukkary

@lant` nitlrajy survlys rlvlan feny 18 plrjlet fc abunts `avl prfcijiletsoinns eljlssary tf kaietaie `lant`, prlvlet bislasl, aeb usl t`l \.Z.

`lant` jarl systlk. Elarny 9 fut fc 14 abunts kay najo t`l ahinity tf

kaeagl t`lir ̀ lant` aeb kaol iecfrklb bljisifes. Kfrlfvlr,

iecfrkatife ie `lant`-jarl systlks is fctle j`annlegieg, lspljianny w`le cajlb

burieg strlsscun jirjukstaejls fr at t`l leb fc nicl.

„R`ieoieg A`lab - Jfevlrsatifes ajrfss Janicfreia‛ is ae ueblrtaoieg tf gaie

iesig`t ietf usl fc leb-fc-nicl abvaejl pnaeeieg uslr-jletlrlb iecfrkatife aeb

jfkkueijatife cfrkats. HXJ’s klt`fb fc iequiry was a slrils fc nlareieg cfjus

grfups jfkprislb fc rlprlsletativls crfk civl Janicfreia jitils. Xlprlsletativls

crfk t`l panniativl jarl aeb abvfjajy jfkkueitils wlrl ansf ievfnvlb as

abvisfrs tf guibl t`l prfmljt.

HXJ ibleticilb, wit` t`l suppfrt fc jfkkueity frgaeizatifes, partijipaets cfr t`l

grfups. R`lsl iejnublb assistlb nivieg rlsiblets aeb prfviblrs, uslrs aeb

prfviblrs fc ie-`fkl suppfrts, `fspijl aeb `lant` jarl slrvijls, cakiny

klkhlrs, aeb abvfjatls wit`ie t`l bisahinity aeb sleifr jfkkueitils.

Tartijipaets prfviblb iesig`t ahfut t`lir ueblrstaebieg fc leb-fc-nicl abvaejl

pnaeeieg, aeb kabl rljfkklebatifes cfr uslr-crilebny iecfrkatife aeb

jfkkueijatife apprfaj`ls.

W`at hljakl jnlar larny fe wlrl prfkielet apprl`lesifes? iebivibuans wlrl

wfrrilb ahfut eft `avieg j`fijls fr hlieg bleilb t`l hasij rig`t tf bljisife

kaoieg at t`l leb fc t`lir nivls. R`lrl was ansf jfecusife ahfut leb-fc-nicl

trlatklets, t`l aut`frity fc abvaejl pnaeeieg bfjuklets aeb t`l

rlspfesihinity fc ̀ lant`jarl aglets. Kfst ikpfrtaet, partijipaets lxprlsslbjfejlres t`at t`lir prlclrlejls eft hl igefrlb.

Ciebiegs crfk t`is iequiry innustratl a jann cfr jfesuklr-jletlrlb iecfrkatifean

tffns aeb jfkprl`lesivl stratlgils t`at iejnubl hft` ajjlssihnl iecfrkatife

aeb elw jfkkueijatife apprfaj`ls.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA <

A Tlrsfean Ztfry

Taraklbijs rus`lb ae 0< ylar-fnb wfkae tf t`l `fspitan.

Ylars larnilr ie `lant`ilr bays, s`l `ab jfkpnltlb ae Abvaejl

Birljtivl, ibleticyieg `lr leb-fc-nicl trlatklet prlclrlejls aeb

`lant`jarl aglet. Z`l bib eft waet `lrfij lccfrts tf prfnfeg `lr nicl.

Z`l bib eft waet tf hl rlsusjitatlb. Kfst ikpfrtaet, cakiny aeb

crilebs oelw `lr prlclrlejls.

R`le it `applelb, t`l uecfrlslle. 

Actlr glttieg fut fc hlb fel eig`t - tf glt a gnass fc watlr - s`l tffo a

tukhnl. Z`l nay fe t`l cnffr ie a slki-jfesjifus statl uetin a cakiny

klkhlr bisjfvlrlb `lr t`l elxt kfreieg. Actlr hlieg abkittlb tf ae

Ietlesivl Jarl \eit, bfjtfrs ievlstigatlb `lr jfebitife. A slrils fc tlsts

rlvlanlb t`l prfhnlk. Bfjtfrs biagefslb slpsis, a nicl-t`rlatleieg

jfebitife t`at jae nlab tf frgae cainurl aeb blat` (oinnieg kfrl t`ae

8<0,444 plfpnl laj` ylar).

A `fspitan p`ysijiae rljfkkleblb ae lebfsjfpy cfr curt`lr lvanuatife,

hut t`l prfjlburl jarrilb risos aeb rlquirlb t`l cakiny tf kaol bljisifes.

Klkhlrs fc t`l IJ\ jarl stacc apprfaj`lb t`l patilet’s `lant` jarl

aglet, `lr baug`tlr, aeb asolb t`at s`l jfkpnltl a cfrk aut`frizieg t`l

surglry. R`l aut`frizatife iejnublb qulstifes plrtaieieg tf trlatklet

j`fijls, ie t`l lvlet t`l prfjlburl rlsuntlb ie ueietleblb futjfkls.

R`l patilet, awaol aeb nujib, was lxjnublb crfk t`lsl jfevlrsatifes?lxjnublb crfk partijipatieg ie bljisifes ikpajtieg `lr jarl aeb leb-fc-

nicl trlatklet.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 3

Eft rlaby tf sll `lr kft`lr bil, t`l `lant` jarl aglet igefrlb `lr

kft`lr’s lxprlsslb leb-fc-nicl j`fijls as ibleticilb ie `lr Abvaejl

Birljtivl. Z`l birljtlb t`l `fspitan tf lkpnfy lvlry klasurl tf ollp `lr

kft`lr anivl. R`l patilet was sikpny tfnb hy cakiny klkhlrs t`at

„lvlryt`ieg winn hl foay.‛ 

Ikklbiatlny actlr t`l lebfsjfpy, w`inl stinn ie t`l fplratieg rffk, t`l

patilet succlrlb a `lart attajo aeb kuntipnl strfols. Z`l was nlct

lxtrlklny wlaolelb, hnieb aeb paranyzlb fe fel sibl fc `lr hfby. Hy

t`l tikl t`l patilet rlturelb tf t`l IJ\, s`l was ietuhatlb aeb

blpleblet fe a rlspiratfr tf hrlat`l. R`l `lant` jarl aglet apprfvlb

suhslqulet klbijan ietlrvletifes, aeb igefrlb t`l patilet’s prlclrlejl

cfr paie klbijatifes cfr rlnilc.

Cfr 13 nfeg bays, t`l patilet’s nicl was sustaielb wit` feny ae fjjasifean

aeb kargiean rlprilvl crfk paie. Cieanny, actlr kfrl t`ae twf wllos fc

succlrieg, s`l sujjukhlb.

Leb-fc-nicl Jarl ie Janicfreia „Yfu bfe’t anways glt w`at yfu waet. 

„W`y Bfjtfrs Cain‛ HHJ Aubif rljfrbieg wit` Atun Gawaebl, KB 8412

„Blspitl ̀ avieg ae abvaejl birljtivl,

t`iegs jae gf wrfeg.‛ Tartijipaet

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 7

Turpfsl

Fvlr t`l past bljabl, t`l ellb tf lccljtivlny abbrlss `lant` nitlrajy

iejrlasiegny pfiets tf ajjlssihnl, cuejtifean `lant` iecfrkatife.1 A rljlet

rlvilw fc `lant` nitlrajy ietlrvletifes, rlvlanlb plfpnl wit` nikitlb nitlrajy

`avl nlss `lant` oefwnlbgl aeb jfkprl`lesife fc `lant` iecfrkatife, `avl`ig`lr ratls fc `fspitanizatife aeb lklrglejy jarl, aeb cfr sleifrs is

assfjiatlb wit` pffrlr `lant` status aeb quanity fc nicl.8

R`l purpfsl fc „R`ieoieg A`lab= Jfevlrsatifes ajrfss Janicfreia‛ was tf

legagl rlprlsletativl partelrs ajrfss t`l jfkkueity, hft` slrvijl

prfviblrs aeb jfesuklrs, tf nlare crfk t`lk ahfut slnc-bltlrkieatife at

t`l leb fc nicl. Kfst partijunarny, t`l prfmljt sfug`t tf gat`lr iecfrkatife

ahfut harrilrs tf ueblrstaebieg nicl sustaieieg trlatklet fptifes, aeb t`l

usl fc leb-fc-nicl pnaeeieg tffns cfr bljisife kaoieg, as wlnn as

rljfkklebatifes rlgarbieg blvlnfpklet fc rlnatlb „uslr -crilebny‛ 

klbia tf hlttlr slrvl patilets aeb jfesuklrs.

Zurvlys rlvlan kfst Janicfreiaes wfunb j`ffsl a eaturan blat` at `fkl.

@fwlvlr, clw bisjuss t`lsl issuls fr bfjuklet t`lir prlclrlejls, nlavieg

t`lir nfvlb fels uesurl. W`inl 08 plrjlet iebijatl t`at it is ikpfrtaet tf

put wis`ls ie writieg, nlss t`ae fel quartlr `avl ajtuanny bfel sf. Elarny 0

ie 14 Janicfreiaes say t`at ic slrifusny inn, t`ly wfunb waet tf splao wit` t`lirbfjtfr ahfut leb-fc-nicl jarl, hut clwlr t`ae 1 ie 14 rlpfrts `avieg bfel

sf. Ie abbitife, kfrl t`ae `anc rlpfrt t`ly `avl eft tanolb wit` a nfvlb

fel ahfut t`l oieb fc jarl t`ly waet at t`l leb fc nicl.: 

„I  waet tf `avl a vfijl ie bljibieg w`at t`l nast clw wllos fc ky nicl winn

hl niol. Aeb, I waet ky wis`ls tf hl `fefrlb.‛ 

Tartiji aet

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 0

W`inl jfkklebahnl ie purpfsl, leb-fc-nicl pnaeeieg katlrians kay eft

abbrlss t`l rlabieg fr utinizatife ellbs fc iebivibuans, t`lir cakinils aeb

suppfrt prfviblrs wit` `lant` nitlrajy nikitatifes. Iejnusivl pnaeeieg iejnubls

tffns uslcun tf a wibl raegl fc patilets tf cajinitatl iecfrklb bljisife

kaoieg aeb kieikizl t`l ellb tf bljfbl t`lir prlclrlejls.

HXJ pnaeelb tf nlare crfk bivlrsl patilet fr jfesuklr aubilejls ahfut

t`lir lxplrilejls wit` leb-fc-nicl pnaeeieg katlrians aeb klbia. It iejnublb

asoieg cfr spljicij rljfkklebatifes ahfut `fw tffns kay hl ikprfvlb tf

assist wiblr legaglklet ie leb-fc-nicl pnaeeieg. Abbitifean futjfkls

iejnublb bisjfvlrieg w`at `as wfrolb cfr partijipaets tf gaie grlatlr slnc-

bltlrkieatife aeb rljfkklebatifes tf abvaejl t`is arla fc `lant`

nitlrajy.

As a blsjriptivl iequiry, HXJ bib eft ietleb t`at ciebiegs hl uslb tf

glelranizl tf narglr grfups hut slrvl as a bisjussife aeb pfiet tf cuturl

rlslarj`, prajtijl aeb pfnijy. Wit` t`is jfkls a j`annlegl tf kaey

staol`fnblrs - gfvlreklets, `lant` kaeaglklet frgaeizatifes, klbijan

prfclssifeans aeb jarl prfviblrs.2 

„It’s Slry @arb tf Jfkl tf t`l Xlanizatife R`at Yfu’rl Byieg.‛ 

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 9

Hajogrfueb

Nitlrajy

R`l Eatifean Abunt Nitlrajy Zurvly ie 199: aeb 844:< rlpfrtlb kinnifes fc

abunts arl cuejtifeieg wit` nlss t`ae hasij soinns. Blcielb sikpny as "eft

`avieg ablquatl rlabieg soinns cfr bainy nicl‛. Fe a prajtijan nlvln, t`ly arl

eft ahnl tf=

  Xlab stfrils tf t`lir j`inbrle, a elwspaplr artijnl fr kap

  Xlab jfrrlspfeblejl crfk a haeo fr gfvlreklet aglejy

  Cinn fut mfh appnijatifes fr jfkpltl lccljtivlny cfr wfro

Fc sigeicijaet jfeslqulejl is `lant` nitlrajy, accljtieg eft feny a plrsfe’s

ahinity tf ueblrstaeb bislasls aeb bisfrblrs, aeb cfnnfw prlsjriptife

iestrujtifes, hut tf nlare ahfut iesuraejl fptifes, jfkpnltl a jfvlragl

appnijatife aeb kaol iecfrklb bljisifes ahfut trlatklet j`fijls.3 

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 14

@lant` nitlrajy

R`l Aklrijae Klbijan Assfjiatife blcielb `lant` nitlrajy as t`l

"jfestlnnatife fc soinns, iejnubieg t`l ahinity tf plrcfrk hasij rlabieg aeb

euklrijan tasos rlquirlb tf kaeagl a `lant` jarl levirfeklet," aeb

iejnublb lvlrybay cuejtifes suj` as t`l "ahinity tf rlab aeb jfkprl`leb

prlsjriptife hfttnls aeb lssletian `lant` rlnatlb katlrians".7 

@lant` nitlrajy is jfkpnlx. It is s`aplb hy puhnij `lant` aeb sfjif-junturan

cfrjls aeb rlcnljts `fw wlnn plfpnl ueblrstaeb iecfrkatife, jae ajjlss

aeb utinizl slrvijls ie bainy nicl. It is blcielb as „...t`l blgrll tf w`ij`

iebivibuans `avl t`l japajity tf fhtaie, prfjlss, aeb ueblrstaeb hasij

`lant` iecfrkatife aeb slrvijls ellblb tf kaol apprfpriatl `lant`

bljisifes.0

@lant` nitlrajy survlys rlvlanlb feny twlnvl plrjlet fc abunts `avl

prfcijilet soinns, t`l nlvln eljlssary tf kaietaie `lant`, prlvlet bislasl,aeb usl t`l \.Z. `lant` jarl systlk.

Elarny 9 fut fc 14 abunts kay najo soinns ellblb tf kaeagl t`lir `lant`

aeb prlvlet bislasl. Ahfut twlety twf plrjlet `ab feny hasij nitlrajy

aeb cfurtlle plrjlet hlnfw hasij `lant` nitlrajy. R`lsl abunts wlrl kfrl

niolny tf rlpfrt t`lir `lant` as pffr 9. R`l ieahinity tf prfplrny jarl cfr

felslnc aeb najo fc pnaeeieg aeb prlvletife jae rlsunt ie iejrlaslb

lklrglejy jarl, trlatklet aeb suppfrt slrvijls, wit` jfsts

fvlrw`lnkieg slrvijl systlks.

"Ic wl waet `lant` lquity, wl ellb tf kaol `lant` nitlrajy a prifrity.‛ 

Zynvia Kat`lws Hurwlnn, Zljrltary fc @lant` & @ukae Zlrvijls

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 11

Tnaie Naeguagl aeb \slr-Crilebny Blsige

Kaey cajtfrs suj` as lbujatife, naeguagl, agl aeb jfgeitivl ahinity,

jae accljt `lant` nitlrajy. R`l blsige, prfbujtife aeb jfkkueijatife

jae bltlrkiel t`l ikpajt aeb usahinity tf t`l wiblst pfpunatife.11 

Wit` lkp`asis fe ietleblb uslrs aeb cfrkativl rlslarj`, t`lsl aeb ft`lr

apprfaj`ls prfvibl iesig`t eljlssary tf t`l frgaeizatife aeb jfetlet t`at

is lssletian cfr ajtifeahnl iecfrkatife. Ikprfvieg `lant` nitlrajy rlquirls

jfkprl`lesivl stratlgils? pnaie naeguagl, uslr-jletlrlb jfkkueijatife

t`at jae hl ueblrstffb aeb uslb hy targltlb aubilejls.

It jae hl t`l pffrny blsigelb `aebfut, hffonlt fr wlhsitl t`at jfetrihutls

tf t`l ieajjlssihinity fc iecfrkatife, kfrl sf t`ae t`l soinn fr lxplrilejl fc

t`l uslr.

Zlvlran claturls t`at kaol `lant` iecfrkatife biccijunt=

•  Naeguagl uslb ie t`l `lant`-jarl systlk is j`annlegieg aeb uecakiniar.

•  Oefwnlbgl fc `lant` aeb innelss is typijanny ajquirlb crfk plrsfean

lxplrilejl, sfjian jfevlrsatifes

•  \eblrstaebieg iecfrkatifean klbia, iejnubieg t`l Ietlrelt is biccijunt

w`le a plrsfe is wfrrilb ahfut t`lir fwe jfebitife.

• 

@lant` iecfrkatife is `ig`ny plrsfean.

•  \eblrstaebieg aeb trustieg t`l iecfrkatife is jritijan.14 

„It’s vlry ikpfrtaet tf jfesiblr yfur jfetlet crfk yfur uslr’s plrspljtivl.

 Is it writtle sf t`at yfur targlt aubilejl winn ueblrstaeb aeb rlnatl tf it6‛ 

Jfetlet Ztratlgy cfr t`l Wlh

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 18

Klt`fbs

Jfesuklr legaglklet is lssletian cfr sujjlss wit` ann kfblns fc jarlblnivlry. Lesurieg t`l prlslejl fc ajtivl leb-uslr vfijls is lspljianny

ikpfrtaet cfr pfpunatifes wit` spljianizlb ellbs - suj` as iebivibuans wit`

nfw nitlrajy soinns, sleifrs aeb plfpnl wit` bisahinitils.

R`l cfrkativl apprfaj` t`at HXJ usls ueblrpies its plrsfe-jletlrlb

cfjus aeb nlabs tf futjfkls s`aplb hy ellbs aeb prlclrlejls fc targlt

aubilejls. It is aiklb tf guibl t`l blvlnfpklet fr abaptatife fc

prfgraks aeb tffns aeb `lnp ikprfvl ajtivitils fr futjfkls.

HXJ’s wfro ansf lkp`asizls a „pnaie naeguagl‛ prajtijl t`at nlabs tf

ajjlssihnl aeb cuejtifean iecfrkatife t`at assists leb uslrs aeb

staol`fnblrs tf suppfrt aeb lxlrjisl iecfrklb bljisife kaoieg.18 

Cfjus Nlareieg Grfups

Bisjussife is a klj`aeisk cfr nlareieg. A wlnn-

cajinitatlb bisjussife annfws partijipaets tf lxpnfrlelw iblas w`inl suppnyieg iecfrkatife fr

plrspljtivls.1: 

HXJ, wit` t`l suppfrt fc nfjan frgaeizatifes,

ibleticilb aubilejls fc leb uslrs cfr „cfjuslb

nlareieg‛ grfups crfk civl Janicfreia jitils -

Zajrakletf, Tarabisl (J`ijf), Zae Craejisjf,

Zaeta Harhara, aeb Jnfvis (Crlsef).

R`lsl grfups iejnublb assistlb nivieg prfviblrs aeb rlsiblets, uslrs aeb

prfviblrs fc ie-`fkl suppfrts, uslrs aeb prfviblrs fc `fspijl aeb `lant`

jarl slrvijls, cakiny klkhlrs, as wlnn as bisahinity aeb sleifr abvfjatls.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 1:

HXJ rlnilb fe t`is jfevleilejl sakpnl, hljausl fc t`l avainahinity fc

partijipaets aeb bib eft slnljt suhmljts t`at arl rlprlsletativl fc t`l

letirl pfpunatife.

Lccljtivl cajinitatife fc bisjussife prfkftls ietlrajtife aeb legaglklet.

R`l nlareieg cfjus grfups wlrl blsigelb as ietlrajtivl slssifes t`at uslb

a slrils fc fple-leblb qulstifes. R`l qulstifes lxpnfrlb iesig`ts ahfut

trlatklet tlrkiefnfgy, avainahnl pnaeeieg suppfrt katlrians aeb jarl

fptifes. R`ly wlrl pfslb ie a way t`at legleblrlb ae atkfsp`lrl t`at

lejfuraglb aut`letij lxj`aegl. Zlssifes wlrl `lnb cfr twf `furs, wit`

twf cajinitatfrs usieg guibieg qulstifes t`l cirst `fur, cfnnfwlb hy a rlvilw

fc puhnijanny avainahnl leb-fc nicl iecfrkatifean klbia (writtle, viblf aeb

feniel wlhsitls).

Tartijipaets s`arlb iesig`t aeb lxplrilejls wit` abvaejl pnaeeieg aeb

nicl bljisife kaoieg. R`ly prfviblb rljfkklebatifes cfr iecfrkatifean

katlrians aeb klbia kfbicijatife cfr hrfablr ueblrstaebieg aeb utinity.

Qulstifes aeb rljfkklebatifes cfjuslb fe usahinity, jrlbihinity, aebajjlssihinity.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 12

Nlareieg Cfjus Grfup Tartijipaets

Abvisfry Rlak

HXJ lstahnis`lb ae abvisfry tlak wit` `lant`jarl slrvijl blnivlry

prfclssifeans, leb-fc-nicl trlatklet pnaeeieg aeb traieieg jfesuntaets, aeb

plrsfes wit` bisahinitils. \eblr t`lir guibaejl, HXJ jfnnljtlb leb-fc-nicl

pnaeeieg bata aeb tffns ie jurrlet usl, rlvilwlb nitlraturl, aeb ibleticilb

nlareieg cfjus grfup partijipaets.

Wit` assistaejl crfk t`l abvisfry tlak prfmljt ciebiegs aeb

rljfkklebatifes winn hl s`arlb wit` jfesuklrs, slrvijl prfviblrs aeb

staol`fnblr frgaeizatifes.

R`ieoieg A`lab= Ky Way, Ky Nicl, Ky J`fijl at t`l Leb, 8447, blvlnfplb hyHXJ cfr  JA Blpartklet fc Blvlnfpkletan Zlrvijls aeb Jfanitife cfrJfkpassifeatl Jarl fc Janicfreia. 

Tnaie naeguagl, grap`ij blsige aeb viblfs assist plrsfes wit` bisahinitils tfjfkpnltl abvaejl birljtivls.

JBJ 

Iecfrkatife aeb tffns tf ikprfvl ̀ lant` nitlrajy aeb jfkkueijatife wit`

plfpnl ahfut ̀ lant`.

Eatifean Iestitutls fc @lant` 

@lant` Nitlrajy

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 1<

Ciebiegs

HXJ gat`lrlb bata aeb spljicij rljfkklebatifes ahfut apprfaj`,

blsige aeb jfetlet fc iecfrkatife t`at cajinitatls `lant` nitlrajy, as wlnn as

t`l lkftifean biklesifes fc slnc-bltlrkieatife at leb fc nicl. Ciebiegs

blsjrihl iecfrkatife jfnnljtlb aeb bf eft nlab tf jfejnusifes rlgarbieg

rlnatifes`ips fr narglr grfups. R`lkls tf sigeicijaet jfejlres lxprlsslb hy

grfup partijipaets wlrl frgaeizlb. Aeswlrs tf t`l qulstife slrils wlrl

sukkarizlb aeb rljfkklebatifes rlgarbieg ikprfvlb jfkkueijatife

apprfaj`ls aeb iecfrkatifean klbia wlrl nistlb.

Fc sigeicijaet ietlrlst crfk ann partijipaets was t`l ellb cfr kfrl

iecfrkatife aeb fppfrtueitils tf `avl jfevlrsatifes ahfut leb-fc-nicl aeb

plrsfean j`fijls. As ikpfrtaet, t`ly lkp`asizlb t`l vanul fc hlieg `larb

as t`ly splao cfr t`lkslnvls ahfut klbijan jarl at t`l leb-fc-nicl.

Tlrsfean R`fug`ts aeb Wfrrils R`lkls

„J`fijls kay eft hl `fefrlb ic yfu bfe’t stay fe it fr kaol surl sfklfel winn.‛ 

Tartijipaet

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 17

Bf Eft Xlsusitatl (BEX)

Elarny ann partijipaets wlrl cakiniar wit` t`l tlrk „bf eft rlsusjitatl‛

hut kfrl t`ae cicty plrjlet wlrl uejnlar ahfut t`l jirjukstaejls

cfr usl aeb/fr w`f wfunb cfnnfw t`l frblrs.

Trikary jfejlre was `fw tf iecfrk LKRs fr ft`lrs ahfut a BEX aeb w`lt`lr

fel jae j`aegl a BEX at aeft`lr tikl.

Jarbifpunkfeary Xlsusjitatife (JTX)

Ann partijipaets wlrl cakiniar wit` t`l tlrk hut slvlran `ab qulstifes

ahfut bicclrlet klt`fbs uslb aeb ueblr w`at jirjukstaejls it is

uslb (i.l., ie `fspitans, fe t`l strllt, ic t`lrl is a BEX ie pnajl).

Kfrl t`ae `anc ie laj` grfup wlrl jfejlrelb ahfut t`l p`ysijan klt`fb aeb

`ab `larb t`lrl kig`t hl a baeglr, hut bib eft oefw kfrl.

Lxplrilejl wit` Leb-fc-Nicl Tnaeeieg Rffns aeb Jarl 

R`l kamfrity fc partijipaets iebijatlb t`ly `ab jfkpnltlb ae abvaejl

birljtivl. As kletifelb ahfvl, vlry clw rlpfrtlb s`arieg t`lir wis`ls wit`

nfvlb fels, ft`lr t`ae t`l ibleticilb `lant` jarl aglet.

As grfup jfevlrsatifes prfgrlsslb, sfkl partijipaets lxprlsslb bllp

jfejlres ahfut t`lir `lant` jarl aglet cfnnfwieg prlsjrihlb leb-fc-nicl

wis`ls. Ann clnt t`ly ellblb tf jfkkueijatl t`lir prlclrlejls, eft feny tf

t`lir aglet, hut tf crilebs aeb cakiny klkhlrs tf hlttlr assurl j`fijls

wfunb hl `fefrlb.

Kaey partijipaets ie laj` grfup rlpfrtlb t`at t`ly `ab assistlb a cakiny

klkhlr fr crileb wit` leb fc t`lir nicl bljisife kaoieg, w`inl lxprlssieg

t`ly `ab nikitlb ueblrstaebieg, t`lkslnvls.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 10

Eftlwfrt`y jfkklets aeb jfejlres

•  Bisagrllieg wit` cakiny klkhlrs fr bfjtfrs is vlry j`annlegieg.

• 

R`lrl is rlnujtaejl abbrlssieg t`l suhmljt wit` cakiny.

•  Abvaejl birljtivls jae hl igefrlb ic `fspitans bf eft prifritizl

rlvilwieg birljtivls hlcfrl trlatklets.

•  Bfjtfrs kay eft j`ljo t`l klbijan j`art cfr abvaejl birljtivls.

•  Assistieg sfklfel wit` leb-fc-nicl j`fijls aeb jarl is ae `fefr aeb

privinlgl.

„\eivlrsity fc Janicfreia‛ Trlparl cfr Yfur Jarl 

„\eivlrsity fc Rleelssll‛ @lnnf, Kay I @lnp Yfu Tnae Yfur Ciean Kfet`s6

„Siblf Jarlgivieg‛ Abvaejl Birljtivls Tnaeeieg A`lab-Abvaejl Klbijan Birljtivls 

„Jfevlrsatife Trfmljt‛ 

„Ikprfvieg Quanity aeb @fefrieg Iebivibuan Trlclrlejls Elar t`l Leb fc Nicl‛ 

Iestitutl fc Klbijiel 

„R`lrl arl twf fvlrribieg gfans cfr abvaejl jarl pnaeeieg= lstahnis`ieg a

 surrfgatl bljisife-kaolr, w`ij` is a nlgan ajtivity aeb lxprlssieg yfurvanuls, trlatklet gfans aeb wis`ls, a jfkkueijatifes taso.‛

J`arnls Zahatief, Birljtfr Jfkkissife fe Naw aeb Agieg

Aklrijae Har Assfjiatife

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 19

Xljfkklebatifes

Hlgieeieg t`l Jfevlrsatife

  Ztart t`l jfevlrsatife wit` cakiny larny, bfe’t wait.

  Trfvibl jfesuklrs wit` tips ahfut `fw tf start

jfevlrsatifes wit` cakinils.

  Jrlatl fppfrtueitils tf tano wit` plrsfean p`ysijiae.

  Lesurl p`ysijiaes usl lvlrybay naeguagl.

  Jfkl prlparlb wit` qulstifes aeb aso cfr jnaricijatife (as kaey tikls

as ellblb).

  @lant` jarl prfviblrs aeb sfjian slrvijl frgaeizatifes ellb tf arraegl

fppfrtueitils cfr pllr tf pllr leb-fc-nicl jarl bisjussifes.

Writtle Katlrians

  Zikpnl blsige ievitls a rlablr.

  Nargl cfet wit` a nft fc w`itl spajl

 

Grap`ijs t`at `lnp lxpnaie t`l tlxt.

  T`ftfs fc lvlrybay plfpnl

  Ziegnl suhmljt s`frt hffonlts.

  Iecfrkatife prlsletlb ie s`frt slgklets, nikit tlxt.

  Trfvibl jnlar birljtifes fr ajtife stlps.

  Zikpnl `labiegs, wit` hunnlt pfiets.

  Tnaie jfejisl naeguagl, aut`fritativl hut lvlrybay naeguagl.

  Zpljicij tfpijs rlqulstlb=

  @lant` jarl aglet’s rlspfesihinity.

  Turpfsl fc laj` bfjuklet aeb w`le tf usl.

  Lxpnaeatife fc trlatklet fptifes.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 84

Siblfs/Wlhsitls 

• Ievitls t`l uslr, eft sfkhlr.

  Trfvibl tips cfr jfevlrsatifes.

  Qulstifes tf aso klbijan prfviblrs.

•  Ietrfbujls tfpijs aeb prlslets lvlrybay lxakpnls. 

  Trfvibls s`frt stfrils, `lnp tf sll slnvls ie situatifes.

  \sls jnlar ueblrstaebahnl naeguagl wit` s`frt klssagls.

  Lkp`asizls ikpfrtaejl fc pnaeeieg, j`ffsieg a trustlb `lant` jarl aglet.

  Ann bljisifes arl plrsfean, plrsfean prlclrlejls arl tf hl `fefrlb.

 

@as lasy ajjlss tf wlh rlsfurjls, cfr slnc aeb tf s`fw cakiny klkhlrs.

  Jfesiblr yfueglr aubilejls, w`at winn attrajt t`lk.

Hlst Way tf Nlare 

• Ie a jfkcfrtahnl suppfrt grfup wit` pllrs.

• Wit` plfpnl jnfsl tf yfu.

• 

Klltiegs wit` bfjtfrs fr `lant`jarl sfjian wfrolr.

• Hrfj`urls prfbujlb ie pnaie naeguagl.

•  R`rfug` t`l Ietlrelt.

•  Zkann grfups at sleifr jletlrs, rlsiblejls, fr slrvijl grfups.

  Wit` cakiny, hut actlr nlareieg ahfut t`l tfpij. 

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 81

Bisjfvlrils

  Jfecusife ahfut bicclrieg aut`fritils fc TFNZR, Abvaejl Birljtivls,

pfwlrs fc attfrely. 

  Abvaejl Birljtivls kay eft hl cfnnfwlb, ic bfjtfr aeb/fr cakiny is

ueawarl fc bfjuklet, fr `lant` jarl aglet is ueavainahnl tf

abvfjatl.

  J`ffsieg a `lant` jarl aglet rlquirls vlry jarlcun jfesiblratife.

  Abvaejl pnaeeieg rlquirls jarlcun jfesiblratife aeb tikl tf nlare

ahfut fptifes aeb w`at t`ly klae. 

  Assurl cakiny, crilebs, `lant` jarl aglet ueblrstaeb ikpfrtaejl fc

`fefrieg prlclrlejls. 

 

Abvaejl Birljtivls ellb rlgunar rlvilw tf sll t`at `lant` jarl agletis avainahnl aeb plrsfean j`fijls arl jnlar fr j`aeglb ic eljlssary.

  Trlparatife jae rlnilvl t`l hurble fe lvlryfel= cakiny, crilebs, aeb

prfviblrs.

  Tlfpnl waet tf hl ievfnvlb ie ann lnlklets fc prfbujieg leb-fc-nicl

pnaeeieg katlrians, viblfs aeb wlhsitls.

„Iecfrkatife ellbs tf hl ie attrajtivl aeb lasy tf ueblrstaeb, wit` rlannicl lxakpnls t`at plfpnl jae rlnatl tf.‛ 

Tartijipaet

„A Guibl ahfut ̀ fw tf blnivlr ajtifeahnl aeb legagieg ̀ lant`

iecfrkatife‛ www.`lant`.gfv/`lant`nitlrajyfeniel 

„A fel-stfp sfurjl cfr gfvlreklet wlh blsigelrs tf nlare `fw tf

kaol wlhsitls kfrl usahnl, uslcun, aeb ajjlssihnl‛ 

www.usahinity.gfv 

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 88

Elxt Ztlps

Trajtijl

Xlslarj` `as eft ylt prfviblb lxpnaeatifes as tf `fw abvaejl pnaeeieg

jae cajinitatl iecfrklb bljisife-kaoieg aeb ab`lrlejl tf leb-fc-nicl

trlatklet prlclrlejls. R`is skann blsjriptivl iequiry ansf rlvlanlb t`lkls

t`at splao tf t`l ellb cfr curt`lr rlslarj`, partijunarny rlgarbieg kfblns

fc jfkkueijatife aeb tffns t`at cajinitatl jfevlrsatifes aeb pnaeeieg.

R`is lxpnfratife bfls eft sllo tf appny ciebiegs tf t`l glelran pfpunatife.

It bfls lejfuragl a rlspljtcun apprfaj` tf leb-fc-nicl jfevlrsatifes ie

w`ij` jfesuklrs arl suppfrtlb tf lxlrjisl t`lir rig`t tf ablquatl

iecfrkatife aeb plrsfean bljisife kaoieg.

Hljausl klbijan trlatklet fptifes jae hl biccijunt tf ueblrstaeb fr

ikagiel, iejrlasieg t`l fppfrtueity tf nlare is oly. Tnaeeieg tffns, kfst

jfkkfeny Abvaejl Birljtivls, Tfwlrs fc Attfrely cfr @lant` Jarl,

TFNZR, aeb BEX frblrs arl plrpnlxieg ie `fw fr w`le t`ly birljt jarl.

Kfst ikpfrtaetny, blsigeatlb `lant` jarl aglets pnay a jletran rfnl ie

patilet abvfjajy, hut `fw bfls fel assurl t`at a plrsfe is up tf t`l

taso6 @l fr s`l kay eft hl lccljtivl ie suppfrtieg t`l patilet’s wis`ls.1< 

Wit` lccfrts tf ikprfvl `lant` nitlrajy aeb slnc-bltlrkieatife at t`l leb fc

nicl, staol`fnblrs kust abbrlss jfejlres lxprlsslb hy nffoieg tf ikprfvlb

kfblns fc nlareieg aeb appnijatife. 

„ Trlslet yfur pnaeeieg fr wis`ls cfr leb-fc-nicl jarl as a „gict‛ tf cakiny aeb crilebs, actlr bljisifes arl kabl.‛

Tartijipaet

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 8:

Ajjfrbieg tf t`l Jletlrs cfr Bislasl Jfetrfn aeb Trlvletife, 13 twf

bljabls fc rlslarj` iebijatl t`at `lant` iecfrkatife is prlsletlb ie ways

t`at arl eft ueblrstaebahnl hy kfst Aklrijaes.

Ic `lant` prfclssifeans waet tf rlaj` plfpnl, t`ly kust lesurliecfrkatife, prfbujts, aeb slrvijls arl ajjlssihnl aeb ueblrstaebahnl.

Iecfrkatife kust hl=

1.  Ajjuratl= Eft „bukhlb-bfwe‛ hut prlsletlb ie ways plfpnl jae

ueblrstaeb.

8.  Ajjlssihnl= Lasy tf sjae, nargl cfet, suh-`labs, hunnlts, ikagls aeb

grap`ijs t`at katj` jfetlet wit` japtifes ajrfss klbia pnatcfrks.

:. 

Ajtifeahnl= Givls sugglstifes sf iecfrkatife is uslcun tf bfieg

sfklt`ieg.

@lant`jarl Tartelrs kust=

1. 

Legagl patilets fr jfesuklrs wit` ann jfetlet - kaol it plrsfean, nlss

cfrkibahnl.

8. Kftivatl wit` sugglstifes, tips fe taoieg cirst stlps tf biccijunt

jfevlrsatifes, aeb pnaeeieg ie abvaejl sf plrsfean j`fijls arl

ueblrstffb hy ft`lrs.

:. @lnp ajjlss aeb abapt iecfrkatifean jfetlet usieg kunti-klbia tffns,

lspljianny t`l Ietlrelt, cfr wiblr utinity hy staol`fnblrs.

2. Lkp`asizl pnaie naeguagl blsige, iejnubieg plrsfean stfrils.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 82

Tfnijy

Xlslarj` pfiets tf jfnnljtivl lviblejl t`at `lant` frgaeizatifes aeb

suppfrt slrvijl prfviblrs kust jfesiblr prfgrakkatij aeb cieaejian

cajtfrs t`at jae ikprfvl `lant` nitlrajy. Kfst sigeicijaetny, twlety plrjlet

fc t`l \.Z. pfpunatife winn hl 3< fr fnblr hy 84<4.17 

As sf kaey apprfaj` t`l leb fc t`lir ylars aeb bljisife kaoieg rlnatlb

tf trlatklet aeb jarl, t`l cfnnfwieg issuls winn ellb tf hl jfesiblrlb=

  @lant` iecfrkatife is eft ueblrstaebahnl hy kfst Aklrijaes.

  Abmust t`l „kfrl is anways hlttlr‛ trlatklet apprfaj` aeb cfjus fe

t`l vanuls fc t`l patilet.

• Jr latl prfgraks spljicij tf ellbs fc junturls aeb jfkkueitils.

•  Lesurl prfgraks arl ajjlptahnl aeb clasihnl hlcfrl nauej`ieg

Xljfgeizieg t`l lefrkfus jfkkueijatife j`annlegls cajieg tfbay’s

puhnij slrvijl aeb `lant` prfclssifeans, rlslarj` fe klbia blsige t`at is

truny uslr-crilebny `as tf hl t`l guibieg cfrjl tf blvlnfpklet fc

cuejtifean iecfrkatife tffns.12

As spljicilb hy t`l Jletlr cfr Tnaie Naeguagl, tf hl sujjlsscun, t`l

ietleblb aubilejl kust hl ahnl tf cieb w`at it ellbs, ueblrstaeb, aeb

utinizl. Katlrians prfbujlb ie jnlar aeb fple stynls, wit` sikpnl eavigatife

fc iecfrkatife jae satiscy kfst uslrs.

@fwlvlr, kuj` kfrl ellbs tf hl bfel, eft feny wit` t`fug`tcun

jfesuklr-jletlrlb prfbujts hut apprfaj`ls tf `lant` nitlrajy t`at

cajinitatl nlareieg aeb appnijatife.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 8<

Bisjussife

Hfarb Xlsfurjl Jletlr ieitianny apprfaj`lb t`is iequiry prlparlb wit`

cajts aeb ikpnijatifes ahfut nfw nitlrajy, partijunarny as it rlnatls tf `lant`

aeb iecfrklb bljisife kaoieg. R`l prfmljt was ietleblb tf lxpaeb upfe

HXJ’s larnilr wfro „R`ieoieg A`lab, Ky Way, Ky J`fijl at t`l Leb,‛ a

pnaie naeguagl pnaeeieg tffn aeb abvaejl birljtivl. It was targltlb at

t`l ellbs fc plrsfes wit` jfgeitivl nikitatifes aeb t`lir slrvijl prfviblrs.

„R`ieoieg A`lab ajrfss Janicfreia‛ sfug`t tf nlare crfk a hrfablr

aubilejl ahfut iecfrkatifean cfrkats t`at jfunb hl kfbicilb fr jrlatlb

cfr a wiblr raegl fc uslrs cfr leb-fc-nicl pnaeeieg aeb bljisife kaoieg.

Kfrl prfkielet jfejlres, `fwlvlr, lklrglb crfk cfjus grfups wit`

iebivibuans w`f `ab lxplrilejl wit` leb-fc-nicl bljisife kaoieg cfr

t`lkslnvls aeb ft`lrs. W`inl sugglstifes cfr kfbicyieg writtle katlrians

aeb wlhsitl jfetlet wlrl jfnnljtlb, t`l ellb cfr cajinitatlb

jfevlrsatifes tf abbrlss slvlran leb-fc-nicl tfpijs was `larb ie ann grfups.

R`lsl jletlrlb rfueb t`l ellb cfr cunnlr ueblrstaebieg fc leb-fc-nicl

trlatklet fptifes aeb situatifes ie w`ij` t`lsl arl uslb. Lvle kfrl

sigeicijaet, wlrl wfrrils ahfut `lant` jarl aglets aeb plrsfean j`fijls

eft hlieg `fefrlb. Ie abbitife, cirst`aeb lxplrilejl wit` Abvaejl

Birljtivls bib eft aklnifratl jfecusife ahfut t`l aut`frity fc leb-fc-niclpnaeeieg tffns (i.l., Abvaejl Birljtivl, TFNZR, aeb Tfwlr fc Attfrely cfr

@lant`Jarl) aeb w`ij` wfunb prlvain ueblr w`at jirjukstaejls.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 83

W`at hljakl jnlar is t`l iemurifus jfeslqulejl tf slnc-bltlrkieatife

w`le t`lrl is jfecusife ahfut leb-fc-nicl trlatklets, abvaejl pnaeeieg

bfjuklets aeb `lant`jarl aglet fhnigatifes. Lxprlssifes fc prlclrlejls

wlrl fr jfunb hl kisueblrstffb fr igefrlb hy cakiny klkhlrs, `lant`

jarl aglets aeb lspljianny klbijan prfviblrs. Tartijipaets wfrrilbbllpny ahfut „eft `avieg j`fijls,‛ fr hlieg bleilb t`l hasij `ukae

rig`t tf bljisife kaoieg, lvle at t`l leb.

R`lsl bisjfvlrils s`ict sig`ts eft feny tf t`l ellb cfr kfrl rlslarj` ietf

lccijajy fc tffns aeb jfkkueijatife apprfaj`ls hut tf t`l ellb cfr

abvfjajy. Janns cfr vigfrfus puhnij `lant` lbujatife rlgarbieg leb-fc nicl

jfevlrsatifes, jarl, trlatklet aeb bljisife-kaoieg arl oly.

 Ic slnc-bltlrkieatife at t`l leb fc nicl is tf hl pnaeelb aeb prfkislb, patilets

aeb jfesuklrs kust `avl fppfrtueitils tf lxlrjisl hasij rig`ts tf ajtifeahnl

iecfrkatife aeb bljisife kaoieg.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 87

J`annlegls

R`lrl wlrl ef prfmljt-rlnatlb abvlrsl lvlets. R`l higglstnikitatife was ie ibleticyieg ietlrlstlb aglejy `fsts. Wl

lxplrilejlb a najo fc ietlrlst crfk jfkkueity frgaeizatifes.

R`l glelran attitubl was t`at t`ly prlclrrlb eft tf arraegl

klltiegs tf bisjuss leb-fc-nicl pnaeeieg. Fejl nfjatifes aeb

`fst frgaeizatifes wlrl sljurlb, rlprlsletativls aeb stacc wlrl laglr tf

usl rlsfurjls tf prfkftl t`l nlareieg grfups.

Zpljicij harrilrs iejnublb=

  Jfkkueity slrvijl aglejils applarlb tf rlcnljt glelranny `lnb vilws

t`at leb-fc-nicl jfevlrsatifes arl biccijunt aeb avfiblb t`l tfpij.

  Nlegt` fc tikl wit` grfups bib eft annfw cfr as kuj` lxpnfratife as

`fplb cfr.

  Grfups t`at wlrl skannlr prfviblb grlatlr fppfrtueitils cfr bisjussife

aeb rljfkklebatifes.

  Kfrl qulstifes, hft` fple aeb jnfsl leblb, ie writtle cfrk wfunb

`avl prfviblb grlatlr bltain tf augklet ciebiegs.

  @fsts (t`rll fut fc civl) `ab n ikitlb ahinity tf abvlrtisl klltiegs.

  A clw `fsts `ab nikitlb fr ef ajjlss tf t`l ietlrelt.

  HXJ pursulb a blsjriptivl apprfaj` tf t`l iequiry. Brawhajos tf

usieg skann sakpnl iejnubl=

 Xlsunts t`at kay `avl systlkij hias

 Nikitatifes ie glelranizieg ahfut narglr pfpunatifes.

 

Xlablrs arl abvislb eft tf braw jausan ieclrlejls haslb fe t`l

rlsunts prlsletlb.

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 80

Ajoefwnlbgklets

Wl lxtleb fur apprljiatife tf t`l kaey iebivibuans w`f jfetrihutlb tikl

aeb lxplrtisl tf t`is prfmljt. Zpljian t`aeos tf t`l ZJINZ Grfup cfr

prfvibieg t`l cuebieg tf jfebujt t`l cfjus grfups aeb viblf rlpfrt. Wl

ajoefwnlbgl t`l cfnnfwieg plfpnl cfr t`lir assistaejl=

Abvisfrs

Aky Rujji, JLF

@fspijl Cfuebatife fc Aklrija

NlAee Oiegshury, KTA

Muby R`fkas, MB

Jfanitife cfr Jfkpassifeatl Jarl fc Janicfreia

Hriae Kars`, KHA, KT@

Zuttlr @lant`

Kfnny Oleelby, KTA

Bisahinity Abvisfr

@fst Aglejils

L.K. @art Zleifr Jletlr  

Lbujatife aeb Ajtivity Jletlr

Zajrakletf, JA

Jnfvis Zleifr Ajtivity Jletlr  

Lbujatife aeb Ajtivity Jletlr

Jnfvis, JA

Tarabisl Xibgl Zleifr Jletlr  

Zleifr Jfkkueity Jletlr

Tarabisl, JA

Zaeta Harhara Sinnagl 

Zleifr Jfkkueity Jletlr

Zaeta Harhara, JA

Kartie Nut`lr Rfwlr  

Zleifr Jarl Zlrvijls

Zae Craejisjf, JA

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R@IEOIEG A@LAB= JFESLXZARIFEZ AJXFZZ JANICFXEIA 89

Leb Eftls

1 Z.A. Zfklrs aeb X. Ka`ablvae (8414) „@lant` Nitlrajy Ikpnijatifes fc t`l

Accfrbahnl Jarl Ajt.‛ Jletlr cfr @lant` Jarl Ztratlgils, Iej. 

8 E. B. Hlrokae, Z.N. Z`lribae, O.L. Bfea`ul, B.M. @anplre, A. Silra, O. Jrftty, A.

@fnnaeb, K. Hrasurl, O.E. Nf`r, L. @arble, L. Raet, I. Wannajl, K. Siswaeat`ae K.

(8411). „@lant` Nitlrajy Ietlrvletifes aeb Futjfkls= Ae \pbatlb Zystlkatij

Xlvilw.‛ 

: Janicfreia @lant` Jarl Cfuebatife (8418). Ciean J`aptlr= Janicfreiaes' Attitubls

aeb Lxplrilejls wit` Blat` aeb Byieg. 

2 N. Eilnsle-Hf`nkae, A.K. Taezlr, B.A. Oiebig, lbs.(8442). @lant` Nitlrajy= A

Trlsjriptife tf Leb Jfecusife. 

< \.Z. Blpt. fc Lbujatife Eatifean Jletlr cfr Lbujatife Ztatistijs. (199:, 844:).

Eatifean Asslssklet fc Abunt Nitlrajy. A Cirst Nffo at t`l Nitlrajy fc Aklrija’s

Abunts ie t`l 81st Jletury

3 I.Z. Oirsj`, A. Mueglhnut, N. Mleoies, A. Ofnstab (199:). Abunt Nitlrajy ie Aklrija=

 A Cirst Nffo at t`l Xlsunts fc t`l Eatifean Abunt Nitlrajy Zurvly. \.Z. Blpartklet

fc Lbujatife Eatifean Jletlr cfr Lbujatife Ztatistijs.

7 Aklrijae Klbijan Assfjiatife (1999). „@lant` nitlrajy= Xlpfrt fc t`l Jfuejin

fe Zjileticij Accairs.‛ Mfurean fc t`l Aklrijae Klbijan Assfjiatife, 801(3),

<<8 ‚  <<7.

0 Z.J. Xatzae, X.K. Tarolr (8444). „Ietrfbujtife.‛ Ie Eatifean Nihrary fc Klbijiel

Jurrlet Hihnifgrap`ils ie Klbijiel= @lant` Nitlrajy. Tuh. Ef. JHK 8444-1.

9 \.Z. Blpartklet fc Lbujatife Eatifean Jletlr cfr Lbujatife Ztatistijs (8443).

R`l @lant` Nitlrajy fc Aklrija's Abunts= Xlsunts crfk t`l 844: Eatifean

 Asslssklet fc Abunt Nitlrajy. (199:, 844:). Eatifean Asslssklet fc Abunt

Nitlrajy.

14 Jfkkueijatl@lant` (841:). Grlle Taplr W`le It Jfkls tf @lant`

Iecfrkatife Tnaie Naeguagl Is Eft Lefug`. 

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11 M.Oikhnl (8448). „R`l Lnlklets fc Tnaie Naeguagl.‛  Kij`igae Har Mfurean,

01=22-2<. \.Z. Blpt. fc Lbujatife Eatifean Jletlr cfr Lbujatife Ztatistijs.

18 Tnaie Naeguagl Jfkkissife (8414). Rips fe Writieg Tnaie Legnis`. 

1: Hrfwe \eivlrsity, t`l Z`lribae Jletlr cfr Rlaj`ieg & Nlareieg Rips. 

Cajinitatieg Lccljtivl Grfup Bisjussifes= 

12 Zj`rivlr, O. (1997). Byeakijs ie Bfjuklet Blsige Jrlatieg Rlxts cfr Xlablrs.

Elw Yfro= Winly Jfkputlr Tuhnis`ieg.

1< M. K. Rlef, K.Ztlvles, Z. Zplreao, M. Nyeel (1990). „Xfnl fc Writtle Abvaejl

Birljtivls ie Bljisife Kaoieg Iesig`ts crfk Quanitativl aeb Quaetitativl Bata.‛

 Mfurean fc Glelran Ietlrean Klbijiel, 1:(7)= 2:9 ‚ 223.

13 \.Z. Blpartklet fc @lant` aeb @ukae Zlrvijls Fccijl fc Bislasl Trlvletife

aeb @lant` Trfkftife. Quijo Guibl tf @lant` Nitlrajy Ztratlgils. 

17 \.Z. Jlesus Hurlau, (Kay 8414) R`l Elxt Cfur Bljabl R`l Fnblr Tfpunatife ie

t`l \eitlb Ztatls= 8414-84<4. \.Z. Blpartklet fc Jfkklrjl Ljfefkijs aeb

Ztatistijs Abkieistratife.