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ACACIA

Weight: 545kgs At 12%

Color:Pale Brown With Very Light Sapwoo

Scientifc Name:A!a!ia "angi#$ Will Leg#$inosae &$i$osoieae'

Description: (he sapwoo o) $angi#$ is narrow an pale yellow to light *rown+

while the heartwoo is oli,e *rown to gray *rown+ with arker streaks It is har+

with a $ei#$ te-t#re+ strong an #ra*le &not in !onta!t with the gro#n' (he

grain shows an interlo!ke .g#re raially+ *#t looks straight on the /atsawn s#r)a!e

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BA0(ICA (33

Color:Pale (o Light e

Scientifc Name: Shorea An Parashorea

Weight:A*t 46kgs7$8

Description:Light re or white La#an an Bagtikan spe!ies are wiesprea in the

Philippines+ *#t ,ary in weight )ro$ north to so#th 9)ten #se )or oinery

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B33C; (33

Color:Pale White

Scientifc Name:<ag#s 0rani)olia

Description:"ostly !lose+ straight grain= .ne+ #ni)or$ te-t#re 9#r Bee!h !o$es

)ro$ orthern an Central 3#rope

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C;3> (33

Color:0olen Light BrownScientifc Name:Pr#n#s+ Serotina

Description:orth A$eri!an Cherry is one o) A$eri!as )a,orite !a*inet an

)#rnit#re woos+ pri?e )or its ri!h reish !olor an .ne graining

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C9C9@( (33

Scientifc Name: Co!os #!i)era

Color:Brown

Weight: A*t 6kgs7$8

Description: Co!on#t is ,ery wiesprea all o,er the Philippines+ an it #se

e-tensi,ely in the lo!al !onstr#!tion in#stry It is a ,ery har woo whi!h is

e-!ellent )or t#rning into s$all *owls+ ewelry a!!essories+ *#t also #se )or !#tting

*oars+ /ooring an $#!h $ore

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0"3LIA (33 &W;I(3 (3A'

Weight: A*t 4 gs At 12% "!

Color: Pale+ Light Color

Scientifc Name: 0$elina A*orea

Description: 9ne o) the $ost #se plantation spe!ies in the Philippines Wiely

#se )or .ngerointe an egegl#e $aterials )or shel,es+ )#rnit#re parts+ an

$o#lings

Gmelina arborea  ti$*er is reasona*ly strong )or its weight It is #se in

!onstr#!tions+ )#rnit#re+ !arriages+ sports+ $#si!al instr#$ents an arti.!ial li$*s

9n!e seasone+ it is a ,ery steay ti$*er an $oerately resistant to e!ay an

ranges )ro$ ,ery resistant to $oerately resistant to ter$ites

Its ti$*er is highly estee$e )or oor an winow panels+ oinery an

)#rnit#re espe!ially )or rawers+ warro*es+ !#p*oars+ kit!hen an !a$p )#rnit#re+

an $#si!al instr#$ents *e!a#se o) its lightweight+ sta*ility an #ra*ility It is also

#se )or *entwoo arti!les In *oat *#iling it is #se )or e!king an )or oars

Gmelina arborea  is a pop#lar ti$*er )or pi!t#re an slate )ra$es+ t#rnery arti!les

an ,ario#s types o) *r#sh *a!ks+ *r#sh hanles an toys also )or hanles o) !hisels+

.les+ saws+ s!rew ri,ers+ si!kles et!

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I03" (33

Weight: 456kgs

Scientifc Name: Poo!arp#s I$*ri!at#s

Color: Light >ellow (o White

Description:Ige$ is $ainly #se as a a$in repla!e$ent )or $o#lings an

)ra$es

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"A;90A> (33

Scientifc Name: Shorea egrosensis

Weight:A*t 5kgs7$8

Description: Also known as La#an+ the Philippine "ahogany is !onsiere the ,ery*est in Asia (he types growing in L@9 are generally harer an arker+ while

"IAA9 origin is a lighter an $iler type

"ahogany has a generally straight grain an is #s#ally )ree o) ,ois an

po!kets It has a reish*rown !olor+ whi!h arkens o,er ti$e+ an isplays

a reish sheen when polishe It has e-!ellent worka*ility+ an is ,ery

#ra*le ;istori!ally+ the treeDs girth allowe )or wie *oars )ro$ traitional

$ahogany spe!ies (hese properties $ake it a )a,ora*le woo )or !ra)ting

!a*inets an )#rnit#re

"#!h o) the .rstE#ality )#rnit#re $ae in the A$eri!an !olonies )ro$ the

$i 1Fth !ent#ry was $ae o) $ahogany+ when the woo .rst *e!a$e

a,aila*le to A$eri!an !ra)ts$en "ahogany is still wiely #se )or .ne

)#rnit#re= howe,er+ the rarity o) C#*an $ahogany an o,er har,esting o)

;on#ras an Bra?ilian $ahogany has i$inishe their #se "ahogany also

resists woo rot+ $aking it attra!ti,e in *oat !onstr#!tion It is also o)ten

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#se )or $#si!al instr#$ents+ parti!#larly the *a!ks+ sies an ne!ks o)

a!o#sti! g#itars an r#$s shells *e!a#se o) its a*ility to pro#!e a ,ery

eep+ war$ tone !o$pare to other !o$$only #se woos s#!h as "aple or

Bir!h 0#itars )eat#ring $ahogany in their !onstr#!tion in!l#e "artin 1F

an 0i*son Les Pa#l $oels

"APL3 (33

Color:Crea$y White (o Light eish Brown

Scientifc Name:A!er Sa!!har#$

Description:A$eri!an white "aple is wiely #se )or )#rnit#re+ an is o)ten #se

)or ,ery pale pro#!ts with a so)t sane s#r)a!e

So$e o) the larger $aple spe!ies ha,e ,al#a*le ti$*er+ parti!#larly S#gar $aple in

orth A$eri!a+ an Sy!a$ore $aple in 3#rope S#gar $aple woo G o)ten knownas Hhar $apleH G is the woo o) !hoi!e )or *owling pins+ *owling alley lanes+ pool

!#e sha)ts+ an *#t!herDs *lo!ks "aple woo is also #se )or the $an#)a!t#re o)

wooen *ase*all *ats+ tho#gh less o)ten than ash or hi!kory #e to the tenen!y o)

$aple *ats to shatter when *roken (he $aple *at was intro#!e to "aor Leag#e

Base*all &"LB' in 1F *y Sa$ ;ol$an o) Sa$ Bats (oay it is the stanar $aple

*at $ost in #se *y pro)essional *ase*all

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"aple is also !o$$only #se in ar!hery as the !ore $aterial in the li$*s o) a

e!#r,e Bow #e to its stiJness an strength

AA (33

Scientifc Name: Ptero!arp#s Ini!#s

Weight: A*t 6 gs7$8

Color:eep 9range 0olen (o arker e (ones

Description:arra is !onsiere the $ost ,al#a*le woo in the Philippines+ an is

there)ore ,ery restri!te Spe!ial per$its are reE#ire )or e-port o) .nishe

pro#!ts "ost o)ten #se )or )#rnit#re+ /ooring+ an panels

 (he harwoo+ whi!h is p#rplish+ is ter$ite resistant an roses!ente (he woo

known in Inonesia as amboyna is the *#rl o) the tree+ na$e a)ter A$*on+ where

$#!h o) this $aterial was originally )o#n 9)ten a$*oyna is .nely sli!e topro#!e an e-tre$ely e!orati,e ,eneer+ #se )or e!oration an in $aking o)

)#rnit#re an keys on a $ari$*a (he /ower is #se as a honey so#r!e while lea)

in)#sions are #se as sha$poos Both /owers an lea,es were sai to *e eaten(he

lea,es are s#pposely goo )or wa-ing an polishing *rass an !opper (he tree is

re!o$$ene as an orna$ental tree )or a,en#es an is so$eti$es plante in

P#erto i!o as a shae an orna$ent

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9A (33

Scientifc Name: K#er!#s o*

Weight:A*o#t 6kgs7$8

Color: Pale7light

Description:9#r 9ak pri$arily !o$es )ro$ orthern 3#rope an is lighter in !olo#r+

an $ore ense than itDs orth A$eri!an eE#i,alent Lea ti$e )or pro#!tion in

9ak will $ost o)ten *e a*o#t 6 $onths+ #ntil pro#!iton is sta*le+ a)ter whi!h 8

$onths pro#!tion ti$e is nor$al

9ak woo has a ensity o) a*o#t 5 g7!$8+ great strength an harness+ an is

,ery resistant to inse!t an )#ngal atta!k *e!a#se o) its high tannin !ontent It also

has ,ery appealing grain $arkings+ parti!#larly when E#artersawn Wie+ E#arter

sawn *oars o) oak ha,e *een pri?e sin!e the "ile Ages )or #se in interior

paneling o) prestigio#s *#ilings s#!h as the e*ating !ha$*er o) the ;o#se o)

Co$$ons in Lonon+ 3nglan+ an in the !onstr#!tion o) .ne )#rnit#re 9ak woo+

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)ro$ Quercus robur  an Quercus petraea+ was #se in 3#rope )or the !onstr#!tion

o) ships+ espe!ially na,al $en o) war+ #ntil the 1th !ent#ry+ an was the prin!ipal

ti$*er #se in the !onstr#!tion o) 3#ropean ti$*er)ra$e *#ilings (oay oak

woo is still !o$$only #se )or )#rnit#re $aking an /ooring+ ti$*er )ra$e

*#ilings+ an )or ,eneer pro#!tion

PILI (33

Scientifc Name:Canari#$ L#?oni!#$

Weight: A*t 5kgs7$8Color: Whitish+ Light Brown

Description:<r#it tree with a n#t )r#it+ also so$eti$es !alle oli,e <o#n $ainly in

the Philippines Co$$on in pri$ary )orests an low an $ei#$ altit#es Co$$on

na$es: Antang+ keonong+ pilingliitan+ *elis+ $alapili

 (he pili tree is an attra!ti,e sy$$etri!ally shape e,ergreen+ a,eraging 2 $

&66 )t' tall with resino#s woo an resistan!e to strong wins It is ioe!io#s+ with

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/owers *orne on !y$ose in/ores!en!e at the lea) a-ils o) yo#ng shoots As in

papaya an ra$*#tan+ )#n!tional her$aphroites e-ist in pili Pollination is *y

inse!ts <lowering o) pili is )reE#ent an )r#its ripen thro#gh a prolonge perio o)

ti$e (he o,ary !ontains three lo!#les+ ea!h with two o,#les+ $ost o) the ti$e only

one o,#le e,elops &Chanler 15F'

3 "A;90A> (33

Color: @ni)or$ Light eWeight: 455kgs7$8

Scientifc Name: Shorea Al$on

Description:Al$on grows in the so#thern islan o) "inanao It is #ni)or$ in !olo#r

an weight+ an is $il an easy to work

 (he ti$*er o) e "ahogany is well regare )or its high E#ality+ *eing ,ery har

an hea,y+ an ha,ing arkre heartwoo It has $#ltiple #ses in!l#ing /ooring+

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panelling+ !laing+ *oat *#iling+ railroa ties an general !onstr#!tion It is also a

goo !hoi!e )or $aking poles an !har!oal

9S3W99 (33

Scientifc Name: Petersianth#s K#arialat#s

Weight:A*t 65 gs7$8

Color:Very ark With Lighter <la$es at#rally 9!!#ring

Description: Philippine osewoo is a ,ery *ea#ti)#l ark an /a$y woo It has

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)or $any years *een #se )or lo!al *oat$aking #e to itDs strength an #ra*ility

We ha,e intro#!e this spe!ies )or interiors an /ooring

SA(9L (33

Scientifc Name: Sanori!#$ oetape

Weight: A*t 5 gs7$8

Color: Light Brown

Description:heartwoo is pale reish*rown when ry+ i$parting the !olor to

water It is )airly har+ $oerately hea,y+ !losegraine an polishes well It isplenti)#l+ easy to saw an work+ an a!!oringly pop#lar I) !are)#lly seasone+ it

!an *e e$ploye )or ho#seposts+ interior !onstr#!tion+ light)ra$ing+ *arrels+

!a*inetwork+ *oats+ !arts+ sanals+ *#t!herDs *lo!ks+ ho#sehol #tensils an

!ar,ings When *#rne+ the woo e$its an aro$ati! s!ent

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S9@(;3 "A;90A> &BA0AS'

Weight:46kgs At 15%

Color:eish 7 Brown

Scientifc Name:3#!alypt#s egl#pta

Description:Also known as "inanao 0#$ or ain*ow 3#!alypt#s Both nat#ral

an planation growth <#rnit#re an !a*inet $aking

Co$$only known as the Bangalay or Southern Mahogany+ is a s$all to tall tree

nati,e to so#theastern A#stralia ea!hing #p to 4 $etres &18 )t' high+ it has

ro#gh *ark on its tr#nk an *ran!hes It is )o#n on sanstone or shale*ase soils

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in open woolan+ or on $ore sany soils *ehin san #nes (he white /owers

appear in s#$$er an a#t#$n It repro#!es *y respro#ting )ro$ its wooy

lignot#*er or epi!or$i! *#s a)ter *#sh.re E. botryoides hy*riises with the

Syney *l#e g#$ &E. saligna' in the Syney region (he har+ #ra*le woo has

*een #se )or panelling an /ooring

 (3A (33

Weight:A*t 6kgs

Color:Brown

Scientifc Name:(e!tona 0ranis

Description: (eak is one o) the worlDs *est ti$*ers ItDs #sage is $#ltiple+ *#t

$ainly )#rnit#re+ e!king+ an ,ario#s kit!hen a!!essories 3spe!ially well s#ite )or

o#toor #se

Tectona grandis is a large+ e!i#o#s tree #p to 4 $ &181 )t' tall with gray to

grayish *rown *ran!hlets Lea,es are o,ateellipti! to o,ate+ 15M45 !$ &5M1 in'

long *y FM28 !$ &81M1 in' wie+ an are hel on ro*#st petioles that are 2M4 !$

&FM16 in' long Lea) $argins are entire

 (eak is #se e-tensi,ely in Inia to $ake oors an winow )ra$es+ )#rnit#re+ an

!ol#$ns an *ea$s in ol type ho#ses It is ,ery resistant to ter$ite atta!ks

"at#re teak )et!hes a ,ery goo pri!e It is grown e-tensi,ely *y )orest epart$ents

o) iJerent states in )orest areas

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 >AAL (33

Scientifc Name:Shorea Lae,is

Weight:A*t gs7$8

Color:>ellow (o 0olen e

Description: >akal is a har an golen "ahogany type whi!h is #se )or

)reE#ently #se pro#!ts an s#r)a!es Ieal )or o#toor #se also

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Natural deects  (hese e,elop in the li,ing tree or a)ter it is )elle Sapwood and heartwood  (he arker area in the !entre o) a tr#nk is !alle heartwoo Its )#n!tion is topro,ie $e!hani!al s#pport Aro#n this is a ring o) sapwoo whi!h !on#!tswater )ro$ the roots to the lea,es (his iJeren!e in !olo#r is $ore e,ient

in $at#re trees

Sapwoo generally has low resistan!e to )#ngal or inse!t atta!k whileresistan!e o) heartwoo ,aries !onsiera*ly epening on the spe!ies

Knots nots are the re$ains o) *ran!hes or$al *ran!hes originate )ro$ the!entre o) the tree an *e!o$e e$*ee in the $ain tr#nk+ appearing as aknot in the !on,erte ti$*er

Growth rings A growth ring is the layer o) woo pro#!e in one growing season (reeswhi!h grow in areas o) the worl with istin!t seasonal patterns e-hi*it rings!orresponing to an ann#al perio o) growth (hese !an *e #se to #ge theage an rate o) growth o) )elle trees Grain 0rain re)ers to the general ire!tion o) the .*res relati,e to the a-is o) thetree 0rain $ay *e straight+ spiral+ iagonal+ interlo!ke or wa,y

 e!ture  (e-t#re epens #pon the str#!t#ral !hara!ter o) the woo= s$all !ellespe!ies pro#!e .ne te-t#re ti$*er+ large !ells pro#!e a !oarse te-t#re (his !an *e i$portant in the sele!tion o) e!orati,e ti$*er an in the !hoi!eo) .nishing te!hniE#es 

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 Con"ersion deects Wane 

It re)ers to ro#ne ti$*er *elow the *ark #e to o,ere!ono$i!al !on,ersiono) so)twoo logs+ this is a!!epta*le where appearan!e is not an iss#e

Sloping grain I) !on,ersion is not parallel to the a-is o) tree+ sloping grains o!!#r whi!hre#!es ti$*erNs *ening strength 

Seasoning deects

 #ring the seasoning pro!ess+ !ontra!tion o) ti$*er is not the sa$e in allire!tions (i$*er also ries o#t E#i!ker on the o#tsie than insie (he!o$*ine eJe!t !a#ses istortion in!l#ing warping an r#pt#re o) ti$*er!a#sing splits "aor splits in ti$*er are !alle shakes an are a res#lt o) stress release a)ter)elling an !on,ersion 

Deterioration

Causes

Biological agents  (i$*ers ,ary in their s#s!epti*ility to atta!k *y *iologi!al agents+ s#!h as)#ngi an inse!ts+ with so$e *eing nat#rally e-tre$ely #ra*le 9thers areless #ra*le *#t it is i$portant to note that all ti$*er whi!h is kept ry &ie*elow a $oist#re !ontent o) 25%' will not s#stain )#ngal atta!k <#ngi !an !a#se staining+ e!ay an weakening+ whilst inse!ts is.g#re the

ti$*er or rener it #nser,i!ea*le *y *oring holes or !ons#$ing it <#ngireE#ire the ti$*er to ha,e a $oist#re !ontent o) at least 2%

Wet#rot ungi  (hese )#ngi !a#se e!ay o) wet ti$*er an are s#*i,ie into white an*rown rots Wet rot )#ngi !a#se loss o) strength an e,ent#ally !o$pleteisintegration

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 Dry#rot ungus It grows in a$p+ h#$i+ #n,entilate spa!es in *#ilings an+ on!eesta*lishe+ is ,ery persistent

 

$nsects

 (er$ites an a wie range o) *eetle spe!ies are e!ono$i!ally $ostangero#s woo pests ermites  (er$ites are !o$$on in tropi!al an s#*tropi!al regions+ *#t they also are)o#n in so$e te$perate !o#ntries eg <ran!e+ Oapan+ orea an 0er$any

 

Weathering or wear  (i$*er e-pose e-ternally an not prote!te *y so$e kin o) .nish willweatherN A s#r)a!e .nish is applie to pro,ie prote!tion (i$*er #seinternally is nor$ally prote!te against a*rasion+ water staining an irt withso$e )or$ o) prote!ti,e .nish <or hea,y #se sit#ations+ s#!h as /ooring the.nish pro,ies the wearing s#r)a!e 

%ire  (i$*er has a prei!ta*le *eha,io#r #ner .re whi!h $eans that altho#gh it*#rns+ this o!!#rs at a prei!ta*le spee known as the !harring rateiJerent ti$*ers !har at ,arying rates+ largely as a )#n!tion o) their ensitywith the higher ensity ti$*ers !harring $ore slowly <or str#!t#ral ti$*ersthis rate is taken as 2 $$ in 8 $in#tes )ro$ ea!h e-pose )a!e

&emedial techni'ues 

Controlling moisture Corre!t esign an etailing to ens#re watertightness an aeE#ate,entilation+ is an eJe!ti,e re$ey against *iologi!al agents (he .rst line o)!ontrol is to keep the ti$*er $oist#re !ontent *elow 2% S#!h $eas#res onot+ howe,er+ ne!essarily pro,ie i$$#nity to inse!t a$age sin!e so$einse!ts !an atta!k ryN woo 

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 %inishing treatments (pplying paint

Paint is an opaE#e woo !oating whi!h generally possesses a egree o)$oist#re per$ea*ility+ allows the .g#re an te-t#re o) the woo to showthro#gh an is intene )or !oaton!oat appli!ation

Paint+ i) properly applie+ sho#l last at least .,e years e-ternally

Applying ,arnishesVarnishes are essentially paints witho#t pig$ents (raitionally they ha,e*een #se internally an )or s$all e-ternal ti$*er !o$ponents where a high!lass nat#ral .nish was reE#ire

)reser"ation treatments

 (here are three $ain types o) woo preser,ati,es: tar oils= water*orne= anorgani! sol,ent*orne

Water*orne an organi! sol,ent types are the $ost wiely #se )or theprote!tion o) *#iling ti$*ers (heir pri$ary )#n!tion is to penetrate in ashellN o) the o#ter )ew $illi$etres o) ti$*er to prote!t against stain+ e!ay+$o#l growth an inse!t atta!k

reatments to impro"e perormance in fre

B#iling eg#lations lay own reE#ire$ents )or the .re resistan!e o)str#!t#ral ele$ents an )or the rea!tion to .re properties o) $aterials #seas linings in *#ilings  (he ter$ /a$e retarant applies to treat$ents whi!h a!ti,ely re#!e s#r)a!esprea o) /a$e M a rea!tion to .re property 0enerally /a$e retaranttreat$ents $ake no signi.!ant !ontri*#tion towars in!reasing the .reresistan!e o) str#!t#res

 (here are two $ain types o) /a$e retarant treat$ents )or ti$*er: 

• I$pregnation with inorgani! salts sol#tions or lea!hresistant !he$i!als

• S#r)a!e !oatings