trb09 ped strategy-zvaniga
TRANSCRIPT
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Placing Pedestrians First at Placing Pedestrians First at Toronto’s Signalized Toronto’s Signalized
IntersectionsIntersections
Bruce Zvaniga, P.Eng.Bruce Zvaniga, P.Eng.
Manager, Urban Traffic Control SystemsManager, Urban Traffic Control Systems
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January 11, 2009
Outline
1. Toronto Context
2. Transportation Plan for Sustainable Growth
3. Recent Improvements to Pedestrian Signal Operations
4. Wish List for Future Improvements
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January 11, 2009
Toronto’s Population
• Population 2.5 Million (5.5 Million in Region)
• One-seventh are over 65 years of age (fastest growing age group)
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January 11, 2009
General Characteristics of Toronto’s Signal Operation
• 2100 traffic signal-controlled intersections• Roughly one-third fixed-time operation and two-
thirds semi-actuated• Transit signal priority at one of every six
intersections• All signalized intersections are connected to
central systems: 64% in-house time-of-day, 20% TransSuite and 16% SCOOT
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January 11, 2009
Transportation Growth
• 75% growth in both AM inbound and outbound vehicle flows to entire city over past 20 years
However,
• 66% of inbound trips during the AM to the central area are by transit …the vast majority of these trips include some walking
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January 11, 2009
Transportation Plan for Sustainable Growth
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*
1.1Pedestrian Zones and
Streets
1.2Pedestrian
Enhancements at Intersections
1.4Pavement Narrowings
2.1Bicycle
Stations and Parking
2.3East-West Bike Route Thru Core
3.2Off-Street Parking
Standards
3.1Extend Peak Hour Parking Restrictions
3.3 *Peripheral Commuter
Parking Lots
4.1Additional
Turn Restrictions
4.2Reserved
Bus Lanes
5.2GPS-related
Transit Technology
5.1Proof of Payment
4.3Enhanced
Enforcement
5.3Additional
Transit Vehicles to
Improve Service
2.4 *Major Bicycle
Trail Corridors
1.5Green
Corridors to the
Waterfront
6.TDM
Initiatives
7.Other
Initiatives
6.1 *
Region-wide SMART
Commute
6.4Car
Sharing
7.1Time
Management for Deliveries
6.2 Local
Employer- Based TMA’s
6.3 City’s
Employee Trip
Reduction Program
7.5*Intelligent
Transportation Systems
7.2Educational Programs
Short Term (0 - 2 years)
Medium Term (3 - 5 years)
Long Term (5+ years)
5.Other Transit
Improvements
4.Transit Priority
3.Parking
2.Cycling
1.Pedestrians
2.2Bicycle Sharing
1.3Improvements
to the Pedestrian
Public Realm
7.3Promoting Taxi Use
7.4*
Review of HOV Lanes
May Require Metrolinx Support, Coordination or Funding
6.5 *Road-User Charges
Sustainable Transportation Initiatives – Summary ChartPedestrian Enhancements at Signalized Intersections
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January 11, 2009
Pedestrian Countdown Timers
• Addresses confusion/uncertainty• Council approved 3 year city-wide
implementation to be completed June 2009 concurrent with LED Conversion
• Countdown of clearance (flashing don’t walk) phase only
• Issues with variable clearance timing where rail, fire hall, and transit pre-emption present
• Public, political, media and police reaction very positive
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January 11, 2009
Leading Pedestrian Interval
4 second headstart for pedestrians before vehicle green
Status:• Removed quickly at “normal” intersection
• Retained and highly successful at intersection of one-way street with heavy left-turning traffic to a two-way street
• Plan is to “try” another 5 to 10 locations in 2009 - looking for intersections with similar unopposed turning movements, and heavy pedestrian movements on conflicting crosswalks
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January 11, 2009
Accessible Pedestrian Signals(aka audible pedestrian signals)
• Council policy decision to include APS at all new traffic signal installations and to target retrofits within a year of receiving a request.
• 250 intersections currently equipped• 60 additional retrofits targeted in next 2
years• Questions remain about how to handle
complex intersection geometrics
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January 11, 2009
Increased Pedestrian Crossing Time
• Old method:– Walk speed 1.2 m/s or 1.0 m/s– Ped clearance was timed for 5/8ths of the minimum total
time • New method:
– 7 second minimum walk, full clearance distance at 1.2 m/s walk speed … walk plus clearance time must allow for 1.0 m/s walk speed
• New method only applied after installation of countdown timers
• Impact on transit priority infrastructure – due to relationship between loop detector placement and time to decision point – somewhat less efficient
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January 11, 2009
Pedestrian Signal Priority
• Barnes Dance
• Exclusive Pedestrian Phase
• Pedestrian Scramble
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January 11, 2009
Pedestrian Signal Priority Perceived Benefits
• Clear message that pedestrians are important
• Increase pedestrian comfort level
• (May) improve safety
• Low cost, easy to implement ?
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January 11, 2009
Pedestrian Signal Priority Challenges
• APS
• PCS
• Signs & Markings
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January 11, 2009
Pedestrian Signal Priority Blind and Visually Impaired Peds• Issue of audible tone
– “Walk Sign is on for all crossings”• Concerns expressed about confusion
– Lack of parallel traffic sound– How does a visitor detect the difference ?– Confusing for guide dogs … who do you follow– Need for tactile way finding– Concern about crowding around APS buttons– Lack of distinct north-south vs. east-west tones
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January 11, 2009
Pedestrian Signal Priority Countdown Signals Display
• Issue caused by concurrent and priority phasing
• PCS count down the clearance time
• Crossing clearance on the diagonal is greater than the orthogonal
• PCS devices use simple logic – count down time based on the previous display time
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January 11, 2009
Pedestrian Signal Priority Signs
Signs:• To sign or not to sign• Are the signals intuitive or
susceptible to misinterpretation?
Markings:
• Full diagonal or stub
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January 11, 2009
Pedestrian Wish List for Traffic Signals
1. Pedestrian Detection SAP SAC issue
3. PII – pedestrian infrastructure integration …. low cost handheld device using DSRC to communicate information to peds (particularly visually-impaired)
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January 11, 2009
For Further Information:
Bruce Zvaniga
Manager, Urban Traffic Control Systems
City of Toronto Transportation Services
703 Don Mills Road, 5th Floor
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
M3C 3N3
Phone: 416-392-8826
E-mail: [email protected]
http://www.toronto.ca
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January 11, 2009