unit 4 weather and climate big idea: air pressure, temperature, air movement, and humidity in the...
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Unit 4 Weather and ClimateBig Idea: Air pressure, temperature, air movement, and humidity in the atmosphere affect both weather and climate.
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What is weather?• Weather - condition of Earth’s atmosphere at
a certain time & place.
Temperature - measure of how hot or cold something is.-thermometer
Humidity -amt of H2O vapor in the air.-psychrometer
Precipitation -any form of H2O that falls from clouds.-rain gauge, meterstick
Air pressure –the force of air molecules pushing on an area.
-barometerWind -air that moves horizontally, or parallel to ground
-anemometer or wind vane/wind sockVisibility –measure of the distance an object or light can be clearly seen. Uses 3 or 4 landmarks
Unit 4 Lesson 1 Elements of Weather
Unit 4 Lesson 2 Clouds & Cloud FormationWatching Clouds
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• Cirrus clouds -made of ice and appear feathery or wispy.• Cumulus clouds -appear as heaps or piles. They
form in fair weather but can produce thunderstorms.• Stratus clouds -form flat layers that can block out
the sun and produce steady rain.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cloud_types.jpg
Putting Up a Front
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How do air masses affect weather?
• Air mass-large volume of air in which temperature & moisture content are nearly the same throughout.• Front- forms between air masses
with differing densities.
Unit 4 Lesson 3 What Influences Weather?
Cold front
Warm front
Stationary front
Feeling the Pressure!
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• Areas of different air pressure cause changes in the weather.
High-pressure system - air slowly sinks down and spreads outward.
Unit 4 Lesson 3 What Influences Weather?
Low-pressure system - air rises and cools
Cloudy with a Chance of …
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• Weather forecasting -analysis of scientific data to predict future weather conditions.
• Meteorology - study of weather and Earth’s atmosphere
Doppler radar is important for detecting and tracking severe storms and tornados.
Unit 4 Lesson 5 Weather Maps and Weather Prediction
• What can you conclude from this weather map about the weather happening in different parts of the United States?
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Unit 4 Lesson 5 Weather Maps and Weather Prediction
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• Climate -describes the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time.
1. Climate is usually determined by temperature and precipitation.
Unit 4 Lesson 6 Climate
How do Earth’s features affect climate?
• Topography -Surface features on Earth combine to form an area.
• Elevation -height of an area above sea level.
• Rain shadow -happens when warm, moist air rises over a mountain and drops its precipitation on one side, leaving the other side dry.
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Unit 4 Lesson 6 Climate
http://gabbiclassblog.blogspot.com/2011/02/rain-shadow-effect.html
• Studies show that the average global surface temperature has risen by about 0.3 °C to 0.8 °C over the last 100 years.
• Global warming -gradual increase in average global temperature. It will affect global sea level, global weather patterns, and life on Earth.
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Unit 4 Lesson 7 Climate Change
• Scientists predict that storms will increase in power and frequency, and as much as half of Earth’s surface may be affected by drought.http://www.ecologistnews.com/eco-systems/the-biggest-asias-rivers-are-in-danger-by-global-warming.html
Be Resourceful!
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• Energy resource -natural resource that humans use to generate energy, and it can be renewable or nonrenewable.
• Nonrenewable resources -used up faster than they can be replaced.• Nuclear energy• Crude oil/petroleum• Natural gas• Coal
Unit 3 Lesson 3 Nonrenewable Energy Resources
Renewable resources replaced by natural processes at least as quickly as they are used.
Wind energy
Hydroelectric energy.
Solar energy
Biomass
Geothermal energy
How can people reduce their impact on climate change?
• Clean-energy technologies are being researched and used in different parts of the world.
• New biofuels, solar power, wind power, and water power reduce the need to burn fossil fuels.
• However, many new technologies are currently more expensive than fossil fuels.
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Unit 4 Lesson 7 Climate Change
