us history ch 10.1
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U.S. History
Chapter 10: Launching the New Nation
Section 1: Laying the Foundations of Government
The First President
• Concerned about age and lack of political experience
• January 1789: First electoral college meets
The First President• President: George
Washington
• VP: John Adams
• Considered it his duty “to render service to his country in obedience to its call”
John Adams: First Vice President of the United States
The First President
•Traveled to New York City to be sworn into office
The First President
•Women lacked equal rights:
–Voting
–Education
The First President
•Republican Motherhood: stressed the idea that women should play an important role in teaching children to be good citizens
Life in the New Republic
• Ununited country
• Much work to be done
• New York City: first capital of the United States
Federal Hall: first seat of U.S. government
Setting Precedents
•George Washington: “The first of everything in our situation will serve to establish a precedent.”
•Precedent—an action or a decision that serves as an example for later generations
Setting Precedents
• Congress created executive departments that specialized in areas of national policy
• Nominated by Washington and approved by Senate
Washington and his Cabinet
Setting Precedents
Secretary of Treasury:
Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of State:
Thomas Jefferson
Setting Precedents
Attorney General:
Edmund Randolph
Secretary of War:
Henry Knox
Setting Precedents
• Judiciary Act of 1789: Established federal court system
District Courts
Court of Appeals
Supreme Court
Setting Precedents
•John Jay: first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
•6 membersJohn Jay