U.S. HistoryChapter 13: Industrial Growth in the North

Section 4: More Technological Advances

Messages by Wire

• 1800: Alessandro Volta built the first battery

Alessandro Volta

Messages by Wire

• André-Marie Ampère: determined the rules governing the relationship between electricity & magnetism

André-Marie Ampère

Messages by Wire• Samuel Morse: first

to combine the battery, electromagnetism, the electromagnet and the correct battery configuration into a workable practical telegraph

Samuel Morse

Messages by Wire

• Telegraph—sends pulses of electrical current through a wire

Telegraph Key

Messages by Wire

Morse Code Diagram

QuickTime and aﾪmpeg4 decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Messages by Wire

• 1844: First public test

Messages by Wire

• First shown to work in the election of 1844

• Sent info for businesses, government, newspapers, private citizens

• Telegraph lines built alongside railroads

• 1861: transcontinental line completed

New Factories

• Start of Industrial Revolution most factories ran on water power

• Steam-powered factories could be built anywhere

• Northeast home of the nation’s industry

New Factories

• Factories build closer to cities

• Closer to labor, transportation

• People flock to cities for jobs

Better Farm Equipment

• John Deere: blacksmith who made a steel-bladed plow

John Deere

Original John Deere Plow

Replica of John Deere Plow

Better Farm Equipment

• Cyrus McCormick: designed a mechanical reaper that cut down what quickly & efficientlyCyrus McCormick

Better Farm Equipment

• Opened a factory in Chicago using steam-power

• Customer service

• 1830: 20 hrs to cut one acre of wheat; reaper reduced to one hour

Changing Life at Home

• Elias Howe: invented the sewing machine

Elias Howe

Changing Life at Home

• Isaac Singer: improved the sewing machine

Isaac Singer

Changing Life at Home• Other improvements:

– Iceboxes

– Iron cookstove

– Mass production of old items

– Public water systems & indoor plumbing

– Matches

– Safety pin