utilisation and appl ication of the research

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UTILISATION AND APPLICATION OF THE RESEARCH, COMMERCIALISATION, LINKS WITH USERS The Rice CRC is committed to ensuring that its research is developed in conjunction with users and is accepted and implemented throughout the industry. The Rice CRC program is broad and ranges from management of natural resources through to development of new rice products. Users therefore vary from the general community, irrigation companies, government groups and producers, through to the processing sector. In 2002/2003, rice was produced by approx. 725 growers in the Murrumbidgee Valley (NSW) and 92 in the Murray Valley (NSW/Victoria). The numbers of growers and crops produced was severely reduced due to the impact of the drought and water restrictions. The rice industry normally involves over 2,000 producers in NSW and 18 in Victoria. These are generally small production units that are linked by the need for objective research that addresses issues that impact on their future. A number of organisations are involved in provision and application of this information. It is important that the Rice CRC works with these in order to ensure that the information is credible and is applied where needed. These links are illustrated in the following table. Stakeholder Information Involvement Rice producers (2,130 farms in NSW)

Production Sustainability (watertables, salinity, drainage water quality, pest control)

Extension Involvement as advisors at project, program and Board levels Cooperation

Rice organisations -Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia -Rice Research & Development Committee

Production Processing Sustainability Policy Research programs

Advice Coordination Coordination

Processors (eg SunRice)

Processing Sustainability (pests) Quality Assurance New producers

Involvement in research

Irrigation corporations - Murrumbidgee Irrigation Limited - Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Limited - Murray Irrigation Limited

Sustainability (watertables, salinity, drainage water quality)

Involvement as advisors Cooperation Rice CRC project participants and collaborators

Agribusiness Companies (chemical and fertiliser distributors)

Sustainability (pest control) Productivity (eg, fertilisers)

Extension Education Involvement in research

Land and Water Management Plan groups

Sustainability (watertables, salinity, drainage water quality) Productivity

Liaison Land and Water Management Plan project committees Education programs

Community Sustainability Education

Implementation and education Policy involvement

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Transfer of information to users * Field Days The Rice CRC participated in the Henty Field Days (Henty, NSW, September 2002) and disseminated a variety of information relating to the CRC in general but in particular focused on promoting its “Crop Critters” biodiversity education project. CRC staff also participated in the annual Rice Field Day in February 2003 at the McCaughey Memorial Institute, Jerilderie. The CRC also featured an interactive display at the Royal Easter Show in Sydney in conjunction with its commercial partner “SunRice” and the Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia during April 2003. The display had many features including - insects found in rice paddies, immature and mature rice plants, samples of rice at various stages of processing and an interactive demonstration of how water depth affects salinity and water temperature. This was the second year that the Rice CRC has been involved in the Sydney Show and again it was very successful in educating the public about rice growing and commercial production in Australia. * Interaction with users Staff from Project 1102 (Better prediction of groundwater recharge from rice growing) have continued discussions with Murray Irrigation staff regarding adoption of a sodicity-based rice soil criteria. Presentations have been made to Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Limited (CICL) Community Environmental Committee on improvement to the rice land approval process using soil sodicity. Presentation to and discussion with REPAG (Rice Environmental Policy and Advisory Group) has occurred following a request from Murray Irrigation for REPAG to consider adopting the suggested soil sodicity criteria. REPAG consists of NSW Department of Infrastructure, Planning & Natural Resources (DIPNR), NSW Agriculture, CSIRO, relevant irrigation companies (Murray Irrigation Limited, Murrumbidgee Irrigation Corporation, Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Limited) Goulburn Murray Water and the Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia. Project staff are currently working with irrigation companies and DIPNR to implement and understand our proposed rice suitability criteria based on EM31v values and soil sodicity. DIPNR at Deniliquin allowed a farmer to grow rice based on a soil sodicity assessment on a field that was classified as unsuitable from soil textural assessment. The field met the 2002 target rice water use when growing a late planted Jarrah crop. Murray Irrigation Limited have been undertaking independent studies to investigate the EM/ESP process. Research from Project 1105 (Remote sensing of irrigated crop types and its application to regional water balance estimation) is currently being adopted by CICL in order to improve the identification of rice fields. Previous methods relied on expensive aerial photographs (in the order of $20,000 for CICL to purchase the base data), while the 2002/2003 rice crop will be identified using inexpensive Landsat imagery ($1,300 for CICL to purchase the base data). This research has identified optimal times within the growing season to discriminate rice from non-rice crops. These suggestions have now been implemented by CICL and affect date of acquisition of satellite imagery over Coleambally Irrigation Area (CIA) to best separate rice from non-rice crops.

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Training in SWAGMAN has been provided by Shahbaz Khan, David Robinson and Demelza Brand (Project 1207 – Develop a GIS-based tool for net recharge management in rice-based farming systems) at the NSW TAFE, Deniliquin in April 2002. It was attended by Murray Irrigation Limited Environmental and Land & Water Management Plan team led by Alex Marshall. The participants worked directly through the on- line version of SWAGMAN Farm from the Coleambally website. A number of soil, water, climate, irrigation, crop and groundwater conditions were explored for farming operations in the Murray irrigation area to understand how SWAGMAN works. Dr Khan has also provided training on the use of SWAGMAN models to the Bureau of Rural Sciences staff. Among other tools, SWAGMAN Farm will be used to assess exceptional circumstances applications.

Shahbaz Khan and team providing a SWAGMAN training session to Murray Irrigation Limited staff

Trials for Project 1208 (Permanent beds for sustainable cropping systems on rice farms) are located at the Murrumbidgee Shire Community Demonstration Farm at Coleambally, NSW. Significant interest has been shown in the work being undertaken at the Demonstration Farm. In the current drought conditions and low levels of water availability, growers are exploring avenues to reduce water use and to increase water use efficiency of their cropping systems. Although no adoption has been achieved at this early stage of the project, growers are critically following developments. There have been an extensive number of on-site visits conducted to publicise and increase awareness of the “rice on beds” experiment. Visitors to the Demonstration Farm have included GRDC southern panel members, RIRDC Committee, ACIAR representatives, students from Murrumbidgee College of Agriculture, Charles Sturt University and University of Sydney, agribusiness advisors, CRC Annual Symposium participants, NSW Agriculture rice breeding program staff, international agricultural delegations and, most importantly, Australian rice farmers. In January 2003 project leaders gave a brief awareness raising presentation to some 170 farmers who were participating in a NSW Agriculture “Irrigation Systems” field trip. Project 1304 (Enzymatic bioremediation for pesticide residues in irrigation tailing water) is part of a larger project whose outputs are licensed to Orica Australia Pty Ltd, which has a large water care business. R&D on the project at Orica focuses on production, formulation and implementation issues. Good progress is being made in these areas and the thion OP enzyme has been tested successfully in the field.

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During February 2003 participants in Project 1403 (Quantifying climatic and management impacts on soil salinity and shallow watertables) presented groundwater research at the Land and Water Management Review Workshop of Murray Irrigation Limited. Overall, there was very positive feedback about Rice CRC research inputs and possible follow on work. A stakeholder workshop on climate forecasting was held during May 2003 for Project 1404 (Risk-based irrigation demand management under system constraints). Dr Shahbaz Khan also organised a dialogue on water and climate, with key participants from a number of Australian national and state government and research organisations at the Brisbane River Symposium in September 2002. The Murrumbidgee project was well represented by a number of stakeholders from the region. In Project 1405 (Continuous salinity imaging along canals and drains), the floating array technology has attracted the attention of the former Department of Land & Water Conservation (now DIPNR) and the Murray-Darling Basin Commission, who have commissioned work on the Murray River near salt interception schemes. Orthographic conductivity ribbon images is a new way of displaying results on maps. Results from Project 3208 (Identification of rice genes involved in cold- induced pollen sterility) will help guide future work by rice breeders and researchers in developing/identifying cold tolerant rice varieties. The aim of the work is to identify the molecular basis of cold- induced pollen sterility. This may lead to the identification of genes that can be used as molecular markers in breeding programs, or the production of cold-tolerant rice varieties via transgenic approaches. Molecular markers will greatly facilitate breeding of cold-tolerant rice. The markers could be made available to breeders and farmers, for instance in the form of PCR primers or diagnostic kits for the detection of biochemical compounds. Collaboration in Project 3301 (Improved protocols for isolated microspore culture of rice. Application of molecular approaches to rice improvement) has resulted in germplasm from the Peoples Republic of China and double haploid progenies from crosses involving cold tolerant germplasm being available for use by Australian rice breeders. These established links will enable a two-way flow of information between these rice breeding groups. * Other technology transfer activities aimed at dissemination of information Presentation of material regarding Project 1102 has been made available on Environment Australia’s EnviroNET web page. Australia's EnviroNET is a directory of Australia's environment industries including databases of environment management expertise, industry applications for environmental technologies, environmental education; plus a range of other resources to support development and uptake of Australian solutions to industry's environmental issues. A story on work in Project 1304 has appeared in Gnet news, which is an award-winning US environmental technology, news and business website that promotes the use of innovative environmental technologies. The site is made possible by a co-operative agreement from the US National Energy Technology Laboratory and the Department of Energy's Office of Science and Technology.

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Reuben Robinson from CICL recently has spent some time working with Tom Van Niel (Project 1105) to implement the operational system for accurately classifying rice fields using Landsat imagery. Mr Robinson now knows how to order remotely sensed data and how to implement the procedure. CICL will apply this method for the 2002/2003 growing season, and hopefully for the upcoming 2003/2004 growing season, and beyond. Rice CRC project results are also presented at various conferences and workshops, eg - Project 1403 presented its findings on “Regional hydrology and climate variability” at the Annual Rice CRC Symposium which is attended by researchers and growers. A paper was also presented on “Economic tradeoffs for managing offsite impacts of irrigation areas,” at the 47th Annual Conference of the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society in Fremantle W.A., in February 2003. (See also “Public Presentations, Public Relations and Communications” and “List of Publications and Patents – Published Conference Papers”). * Consultancies Expertise gained in Project 1107 (Assessing the effect of compaction and clay lining on seepage from on-farm channels and drains) has led to the researcher carrying out consultancies for Department of Land & Water Conservation (now DIPNR), CICL, De Barro Agricultural Consulting and Phil Price, Irrigation Consultant. * Newsletters and publications Production of newsletters was less frequent during the last twelve months due to the Communications Officer position being vacant for much of that time. However a new Communications Officer, Mr Grant Webster, was appointed in June 2003 and it is expected that newsletters will now resume to their normal production on a quarterly basis. One edition of the Centre's external newsletter "Rice CRC Update" was distributed this financial year to over 2,100 rice growers throughout the Murrumbidgee and Murray valleys. The internal newsletter, "Rice CiRCle", was electronically delivered to approximately 250 Centre participants twice this financial year. The Rice CRC also has the opportunity to contribute to newsletters and website items produced by the Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia, which are made available to over 2,000 rice growers and also the general public through its website. The Rice CRC also places research reports and press releases on its own website for the information of interested persons. The Rice supplement to the Australian Grain Magazine has also continued to be an important vehicle for transfer of information on Rice CRC research to users. Articles featuring CRC projects have also appeared in IREC’s Large Area Farmers’ Newsletter which is distributed to growers and researchers.

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STAFFING AND ADMINISTRATION The Rice CRC is a geographically distributed organisation with researchers located with the core and associated partners. The administration office is at Yanco Agricultural Institute and is provided by NSW Agriculture. There was an adjustment to some of the leadership positions during the year. Sadly our Chairman, Dr Ian Davidge, suffered continuing ill health during the last twelve months and subsequently decided to resign from his position with the Rice CRC ending his term on 30 June, 2002. As a result, Mr John Herbert was appointed as Chairman, following the cessation of his tenure as the RIRDC representative on the Board. Mr Jim Kennedy resigned from the Supermarket to Asia Council but at the request of the Rice CRC Board remained as an independent member of the Board. Mrs Helen Cameron was appointed as the RIRDC representative on the Board in July 2002. Mrs Cameron was previously the “alternative” representative for RIRDC and in October 2002 Mr Steve Marshall was appointed as RIRDC’s new alternative representative. Dr Colin Chartres was appointed as CSIRO’s alternative representative on the Board in September 2002 following the resignation of Dr Jim Peacock from this position. In December 2002 Dr Alison Bowman was appointed to the Management Committee as NSW Agriculture’s representative, following the resignation of Mr Warwick Clampett. Prof Don Napper (University of Sydney) retired in December 2002 and Prof Beryl Hesketh subsequently was appointed as the University’s representative on the Rice CRC Board. Dr John Searson was appointed as the alternative representative for NSW Department of Infrastructure, Planning & Natural Resources (formerly DLWC) in January 2003. In May 2003 Mr Russell Barratt replaced Mr Bob Jones as the alternative representative for Ricegrowers’ Co-operative Limited (trading as “SunRice”) on the Rice CRC Board. The CRC Programme approved the appointment of Prof Don Marshall as the Rice CRC’s Visitor in June 2003, following the resignation of Mr Jim Miller from this position. Mr Grant Webster was appointed as the CRC’s new Communications Officer in June 2003 following the resignation of Mr Michael Cook in March 2002. The position was occupied in the interim by Mrs Carol Huggins.

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The roles and commitments of the specified personnel as at 30 June 2003 are:-

SPECIFIED PERSONNEL Name Participant % Time Role Dr L Lewin Rice CRC/NSW Agriculture 100 Director, researcher Program 3 Dr E Humphreys CSIRO Land and Water 60 Leader, Program 1 Prof G Batten Charles Sturt University 30 Leader, Program 2 Dr E Dennis CSIRO Plant Industry 20 Leader, Program 3 Mr D Welch Ricegrowers’ Co-operative Ltd 30 Leader, Program 4 Dr P Eberbach Charles Sturt University 20 Leader, Program 5 Dr S Khan CSIRO Land and Water 95 Key researcher, Program 1 Mr HG Beecher NSW Agriculture 35 Key researcher, Programs 1 and 2 Dr B Sutton University of Sydney 30 Key researcher, Program 2 Dr John Angus CSIRO Plant Industry 10 Key researcher, Program 2 Mr P Williams Ricegrowers’ Co-operative Ltd 30 Key researcher, Programs 2 and 4 Assoc Prof S Black Charles Sturt University 10 Key researcher, Programs 2 and 5 Assoc Prof G Cox University of Sydney 20 Key researcher, Programs 2 and 5 Dr N Darvey University of Sydney 20 Key researcher, Program 3 Mr S Spiers Ricegrowers’ Co-operative Ltd 30 Key researcher, Program 4 Mr A Dunn Charles Sturt University 15 Key researcher, Program 5 (Revised at 5/9/02 and provided to CRC Secretariat)

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Research Staff Resources

Charles Sturt University

Staff Name Main % of time % Spent on Research Program % Spent on % Spent on % Spent onActivity pa (R) Education Tech.Transfer CRC

Program Program Admin.Program Tot. on

1 2 3 4 Res. (E) (T) (A)Prof G Batten R 30 25 25 5Dr G Ash R 20 20 20Dr A Katupitiya R 20 15 15 5Prof J Pratley R 10 10 10Assoc Prof K Robards R 10 10 10Dr R Watts R 10 10 10Mr M Win E 20 0 10 10Mr A Dunn E 15 0 11 2 2Dr P Eberbach E 15 5 5 10Dr S Helliwell E 14.5 7 7.5 14.5Mrs W Cooke A 12.5 0 12.56 staff less than 10% Various 31.5 17 5 22 9.5

FTSE= 208.5 27 72 25 7.5 131.5 35.5 12 29.5

University of Sydney

Staff Name Main % of time % Spent on Research Program % Spent on % Spent on % Spent onActivity pa (R) Education Tech.Transfer CRC

Program Program Admin.

Program Tot. on 1 2 3 4 Res. (E) (T) (A)

Assoc Prof B Sutton R 30 20 20 10Dr N Darvey R 20 20 20Dr L Campbell R 10 6 6 4Prof R Gilbert R 10 10 103 research staff less than 10% R 15 5 5 5 15

FTSE= 85 0 11 55 5 71 4 0 10

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CSIRO Land and Water

Staff Name Main % of time % Spent on Research Program % Spent on % Spent on % Spent onActivity pa (R) Education Tech. Transfer CRC


Program Tot. on 1 2 3 4 Res. (E) (T) (A)

Ms E Brand R 92 92 92Dr M Edraki R 67 67 67Dr S Khan R 64 64 64Dr E Humphreys R 57 52 52 5Dr W Quayle R 54 54 54Mr J Carroll R 47 47 47Mr R Beddek R 38 38 38Mr D Robinson R 34 34 34Dr E Xevi R 29 29 29Dr J Timsina R 25 25 25Dr T McVicar R 25 25 25Mr D Smith R 18 18 18Dr E Christen R 9 9 9Ms N O'Connell R 8 8 8

FTSE= 564 559 0 0 0 559 0 0 5

CSIRO Plant Industry



Program Tot. on1 2 3 4 Res (E) (T) (A)

Ms S Stops R 60 60 60Dr E Dennis R 20 20 20Dr A Chaudhary R 10 10 10Dr R Dolferus R 10 10 10Ms B Sherman R 10 10 10Dr N Upadhyaya R 10 10 10Ms J Flanigan R 5 5 5

FTSE= 125 0 0 125 0 125 0 0 0

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NSW Agriculture



Program Tot. on1 2 3 4 Res. (E) (T) (A)

Mr J Thompson R 70 70 70Mr G Beecher R 60 30 30 60Dr H Gill R 50 50 50Mr P Snell R 50 50 50Ms T Dunn R 44 44 44Dr S Akbar R 40 40 40Dr L Lewin A 38 38 38Dr M Stevens R 35 35 35Dr R Reinke R 35 35 35Mr B Dunn R 30 30 30Mr J Smith R 30 30 30Dr E Cother R 20 20 20Dr M Fitzgerald R 20 20 20Mr R Singh R 30 15 15 30Mr R Subasinghe R 6 6 6Mr R (Rob) Williams R 5 5 5Mr G Creek E 10 0 10Mr D White E 2 0 2Mr L Evans T 20 0 20Ms M Lattimore T 15 0 15Mr W Clampett T 10 0 10Ms A Murray T 10 0 10Mr K O'Keeffe T 10 0 10Mr A Schipp T 10 0 10Ms R Whitworth T 10 0 10Ms I Quarisa T 7 0 7Mr G Barron T 5 0 5Ms M Fleming T 5 0 5Mr J Lacy T 5 0 5Mr J Oliver A 5 0 5

FTSE= 687 140 315 108 0 563 12 107 5

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Department of Infrastructure, Planning & Natural Resources (formerly NSW DLWC).




Mrs J Taylor T 43 0 43Mr A Brink T 39 0 39Mr M Alamgir T 25 0 25Mr N Kulatunga T 13 0 13Mr M Mahendran T 12 0 12Ms D Pepper T 11 0 114 staff with 10% or less Various 15 0 14 1

FTSE= 158 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 157 1

Ricegrowers' Co-operative Limited t/as SunRice




Mr R Johnson R 47.5 47.5 48Mr T Norris R 57.5 57.5 58Mr R Barratt A 11.25 0 11Mr T Allman R 20 20 20Mr J Fields R 47.5 47.5 48Mr G Russell R 12.5 12.5 13Mr M Bayles R 29 29 29Mr P Williams R 18 18 18Mr S Bechaz R 20 20 20Mr D Welch A 30 0 306 staff <10% Various 49 41 41 8

FTSE= 342 0 0 0 293 293 0 0 49

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Other Organisations



Program Tot. on1 2 3 4 Res (E) (T) (A)

Ms T Ginns, CIL R 20 0 20Mr J Weinman, ANU R 10 10 10Mr B Rolfe, ANU R 20 20 20Mr N Merrick, UTS R 13.5 13.5 13.5Mr S Fukai,QLD UNI R 15 5 10 15Mr K Fisher, QLD Uni R 10 10 10Mr T Gunawardena, QLD UNI R 10 10 10Mr A Marshall, Murray Iriigation R 7 7 7Mr M Neeson, MIL A 5 5 5Ms L Parker, MIL A 5 5 5Mr B Tucker, Murray Irrigation R 4 4 4Ms P Xu, UTS A 2 0 2

FTSE= 121.5 34.5 15.0 50.0 0.0 99.5 0.0 20.0 2.0

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CRC Funded staff

Staff Name Employing Main % of % Spent on Research Program % Spent on % Spent on % Spent onorganisation Activity time pa. (R) Education Tech. Transfer CRC



Dr C Russell CSU Wagga R 50 50 50Dr C Blanchard CSU Wagga E 100 30 10 40 60Dr S Sivapalan CSU Wagga E 100 0 100

Sub total CSU Wagga 250 0 50 30 10 90 160 0 0Dr L Cantrill Syd Uni R 100 100 100Ms F Chen Syd Uni R 100 100 100Dr M Mamun Syd Uni R 100 100 100Dr X Zhao Syd Uni R 100 100 100

Sub total Syd Uni 400 0 0 400 0 400 0 0 0Mr B Wang CSIRO L&W R 83 83 83Mr Z Wang CSIRO L&W R 54 54 54Mr P Chandrasena CSIRO L&W R 42 42 42Dr W Quayle CSIRO L&W R 42 42 42Mr D Smith CSIRO L&W R 15 15 15

Sub total CSIRO L&W 236 236 0 0 0 236 0 0 0Dr P Hughes CSIRO PI R 100 100 100Dr R Dolferus CSIRO PI R 90 90 90Mr R Verma CSIRO PI R 50 50 50Mr A Eamens CSIRO PI R 42 42 42

Sub total CSIRO PI 282 0 0 282 0 282 0 0 0Mr T Farrell NSWAG R 100 100 100Ms K Fox NSWAG R 100 100 100Mr D Griffin NSWAG R 100 100 100Ms C Stewart NSWAG R 48 48 48Mrs T Dunn NSWAG R 44 44 44Mr MA Abbas NSWAG R 41 41 41Mr R Martin NSWAG R 23 23 23Mr N Jinadasa NSWAG R 20 20 20Mr B Rogers NSWAG R 22 22 22Ms TA Schultz NSWAG R 20 20 20Mr SK Mathews NSWAG R 15 15 15Mrs MA Sangster NSWAG R 10 10 10Mr P Hodge NSWAG R 8 8 8Mr SR McVittie NSWAG R 6 6 6Ms K Philpot NSWAG R 6 6 6Mr A Thornton NSWAG R 5 5 5Mrs EJ Walsh NSWAG R 5 5 5Mrs RJ Troldahl NSWAG E 41 0 41Mrs JM Hubatka NSWAG Comms 44 0 44Ms M Nisbet NSWAG Comms 36 0 36Mr GP Hart NSWAG A 100 0 100Ms JC Symes NSWAG A 100 0 100Dr L Lewin NSWAG A 62 0 62

0Sub total NSWAG 956 162 310 101 0 573 41 80 262

Ms N Emerson SunRice R 25 25 25Mr A DiBenedetto SunRice R 25 25 25

Sub total SunRice 50 0 0 0 50 50 0 0 0

Total CRC FTSE= 2174 398 360 813 60 1631 201 80 262

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Summary of Contribution in Person Years

Tot Person years spent on research programs Person Person Personequiv. (R) years years yearsPerson spent on spent on spent onYears Education Comm/ TT CRC Admn


TOTAL CONTRIBUTED 22.91 7.61 4.13 3.63 3.06 18.42 0.52 2.96 1.01

TOTAL FUNDED BY CRC 21.74 3.98 3.60 8.13 0.60 16.31 2.01 0.80 2.62

GRAND TOTAL 44.64 11.58 7.73 11.76 3.66 34.73 2.53 3.76 3.63

Proportion of total professional staffresources in each activity 1 0.26 0.17 0.26 0.08 0.78 0.06 0.08 0.08

Support Staff

NB: The figures below have been extracted from the information above and are therefore not additional research resources.

Organisation Contr ibuted CRC Funded

Charles Sturt University 0.125University of Sydney 0.15 1CSIRO Land and Water 2.28 1.94CSIRO Plant Industry 0.75 0.92NSW Agricul ture 1.01 6.53Dept of Infrastructure, Planning & Natural Resources 0.15Ricegrowers' Co-operative Limited t/as SunRice 1.9 0.5Other 0.02

Total 6.39 10.89

No.Staff(person years)

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LIST OF PUBLICATIONS AND PATENTS

Publications in Refereed Journals Beecher, H.G. and Dunn, B.W. (2003). Rice, channels, drains, and on-farm storages – improved siting reduces groundwater accessions. Natural Resource Management Journal (accepted). Chiou, H., Martin, M. and Fitzgerald, M. (2002). Effect of purification methods in rice starch structure. Starch, 54:412 -20. Chiou, H., Gilbert, R.G., Fitzgerald, M.A. and Fellows, C.M. (2003). Expansion study of rice starch polymers in aqueous solution. Starch/Stärke (submitted). Datt, B., McVicar, T.R., Van Niel, T.G., Jupp, D.L.B. and Pearlman, J.S. (2003). Pre-processing EO-1 Hyperion hyperspectral data to support the application of agricultural indices. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (in press). d’Hautefeuille, F., Merrick, N.P., McLachlan, M. and Hodson, A. (2003). 3D geophysical processing, visualisation and interpretation of rice irrigation impacts. Exploration Geophysics (submitted). Devonshire, A.L., Heidari, R., Bell, K.L., Campbell, P.M., Campbell, B.E., Odgers, W.A., Oakeshott, J.G. and Russell, R.J. (2002). Kinetic efficiency of mutant carboxylesterases implicated in organophosphate insecticide resistance. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, Vol.76 pp.1-13. Fitzgerald, M.A., Martin, M., Ward, R.M., Park, W.D. and Shead, H.J. (2003). Viscosity of rice flour: A rheological and biological study, Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry, 51 (8): 2295-2299. Gunawardena, T.A., Fukai, S. and Blamey, F.P.C. (2003). Low temperature induced spikelet sterility in rice; I. - Nitrogen fertilisation and sensitive reproductive period. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research (accepted). Gunawardena, T.A., Fukai, S. and Blamey, F.P.C. (2003). Low temperature induced spikelet sterility in rice; II. - Effects of panicle and root temperatures. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research (accepted). Humphreys, E., Lewin, L.G., Khan, S., Beecher, H.G., Lacy, J. Thompson, J., Batten, G.D., Brown, A., Russell, C., Christen, E.W. and Dunn, B.W. (2003). Integrated approaches to increasing water productivity in rice-based systems in south-east Australia. Field Crops Research (submitted).

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Humphreys, E., Muirhead, W.A., Lewin, L.G., Thompson, J.A., Stapper, M., O’Keeffe, K.R. and Beecher, H.G. Increasing water use efficiency of rice-based cropping systems of southern NSW. Natural Resources Management Journal, Special Issue June 2003 (in press). Khan, S., Xevi, E. and Connell, N. (2003). Advances in mathematical modelling to better manage rice based farming systems. Paper submitted to AANRM Journal’s special issue (submitted). Kerim, T., Imin, N., Weinman, J.J. and Rolfe, B.G. Proteome analysis of male gametophyte development in rice anthers. Proteomics (submitted). Kerim, T., Imin, N., Weinman, J.J. and Rolfe, B.G. Identification of rice homologues of grass group-II pollen allergens by proteome analysis. Functional Plant Biology (submitted). Khan, S., Xevi, E., and Meyer, W. S. (2003). Salt, water and groundwater management models to determine sustainable cropping patterns in shallow saline groundwater regions. Journal of Crop Production titled Crop Production in Saline Environments, Vol. 7 No. 1/2 pp. 325-340. Lanoiselet, V.M., Cother E.J., Ash, G.J. and Harper J.D.I. (2002). First record of Sclerotium hydrophilum on leaf sheath of rice (Oryza sativa) in south-eastern Australia. Plant Pathology 51: 813. Liang, S., Fang, H.L., Thorp, L., Kaul, M., Van Niel, T.G., McVicar, T.R., Pearlman, J.S., Walthall, C.L., Daughtry, C.S.T. and Huemmrich, F. (2003). Estimation and validation of land surface broadband albedos and leaf area index from EO-1 ALI data. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (in press). Mamun, M.E., Cantrill, L.C., Overall, R.L. and Sutton, B.G. (2003). Development and cellular organisation of pre-meiotic rice anthers. Annals of Botany (submitted). Mamun, M.E., Cantrill, L.C., Overall, R.L. and Sutton, B.G. (2003). Development and cellular organisation of meiotic rice anthers. Anals of Botany (submitted). Mathesius, U., Imin, N., Chen, H., Djordjevic, M.A., Weinman, J.J., Natera, S.H., Morris, A.C., Kerim, T., Paul, S., Menzel, C., Weiller, G.F. and Rolfe, B.G. (2002). Evaluation of proteome reference maps for cross-species identification of proteins by peptide mass fingerprinting. Proteomics, 2:1288-303. Russell, C.A., Angus, J.F., Batten, G.D., Dunn, B.W. and Williams, R.L. (2002). The potential of near infra-red spectroscopy to predict nitrogen mineralization in rice soils. Plant and Soil, 247, 243-252. Sutherland, T.D., Horne, I., Russell, R.J and Oakeshott, J.G. (2002). Gene cloning and molecular characterization of a two enzyme system catalyzing the oxidative detoxification of beta-endosulfan. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68: 6237-6245.

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Sutherland, T.D., Weir, K.M., Lacey, M.J., Horne, I., Russell, R.J. and Oakeshott, J.G. (2002). Enrichment of a bacterial culture capable of degrading endosulfate, the toxic metabolite of endosulfan. J. Appl. Microbiol. 92: 541-548. Van Niel, T.G. and McVicar, T.R. (2003). A simple method to improve field- level rice identification: toward operational monitoring with satellite remote sensing. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 43, 379-387. Van Niel, T.G. and McVicar, T.R. (2002). Current uses of remote sensing in irrigated rice-based agriculture: a review. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research (submitted). Van Niel, T.G., McVicar, T.R., Fang, H.L. and Liang, S. (2003). Calculating environmental moisture for per-field discrimination of rice crops. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 24, 885-890. Zhou, Z., Blanchard, C. Helliwell, S. and Robards, K. (2003). Fatty acid composition of three rice varieties following storage. Journal of Cereal Science, 37: 327-335. Zhou, Z., Robards, K., Helliwell, S. and Blanchard, C. (2002). Ageing of stored rice: changes in chemical and physical attributes. Journal of Cereal Science, 35: 65-78. Zhou, Z., Robards, K., Helliwell, S. and Blanchard, C. (2002). Composition and functional properties of rice. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 37: 849-868. Zhou, Z., Robards, K., Helliwell, S. and Blanchard, C. (2003). Rice ageing. I. Effect of changes in protein on starch behaviour. Starch/Stärke. 55: 162-169. Zhou, Z., Robards, K., Helliwell, S. and Blanchard, C. (2003). Effect of rice storage on pasting properties of rice flour. Food Research International, 36: 625-634.

Published Conference Papers Allen, D. and Merrick, N.P. (2003). A floating electrode array for continuous geoelectrical imaging. In Proceedings of the “ASEG 16th Geophysical Conference and Exhibition”, Adelaide, South Australia, February 2003 (CD).** Ash, G.J., Cother, E.J., Jahromi, F.G., Pitt, W., Lanoiselet, V.M. and Cliquet, S. (2003). Status and future for biological control of aquatic weeds of rice in Australia. In Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of Plant Pathology, Christchurch, New Zealand, February 2003. Beecher, H.G., Dunn, B.W. and Hume, I. (2003). EM technology to achieve water savings and environmental protection in the Australian rice industry. “3rd International Temperate Rice Conference”, Punta Del Este, Uruguay, March 2003. Beecher, H.G., Thompson, J., Dunn, B.W., Humphreys, E., Mathews, S., Johnston, D., Christen, E., Timsina, J., Smith, D., Pal Singh, R. and Xevi, E. (2003). Alternative irrigation methods for rice-based cropping systems: permanent beds and sub-surface drip. In

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Proceedings of “3rd International Temperate Rice Conference”, Punta Del Este, Uruguay, March 2003 (CD). *Birch, C.J., Robertson, M.J., Humphreys, E. and Hutchins, N. (2003). Agronomy of maize in Australia – in review and prospect. In Proceedings of the “5th Australian Maize Conference”, Toowoomba, Queensland, February 2003 (in press). Castro, J., Chiou, H., Fellows, C.M., Fitzgerald, M.A., Gilbert, R.G. and Morell, M. (2003). Starch hydrocolloids - novel analytical techniques, mechanisms and control of food properties. In Proceedings of “26th Australasian Polymer Symposium”, Noosa, Queensland, July 2003. Clampett, W.S., Lewin, L.G., Humphreys, E., Beecher, H.G. and Linnegar, M. (2003). Sustainability of rice production systems in the temperate climate of south-eastern Australia. “3rd International Temperate Rice Conference”, Punta del Este, Uruguay, March 2003. Datt, B., Jupp, D.L.B., McVicar, T.R., Van Niel, T.G. and Pearlman, J.S. (2003). Time series analysis of EO-1 Hyperion data for yield estimation at an agricultural site. In Proceedings of the “International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium”, Toulouse, France, July 2003. Datt, B., Jupp, D.L.B., McVicar, T.R., Van Niel, T.G., Lovell, J.L. and Campbell, S.K. (2002). Spectral feature analysis of crop, soil and stubble using Hyperion and Hymap data. In Proceedings of the “11th Australasian Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Conference”, Brisbane, Australia, September 2002, 657-658. David, K. and Khan, S. (2003). Experimental and numerical studies to quantify groundwater salinity distribution within the saturated zone under highly saline irrigation systems. MODSIM 2003, Townsville, Queensland, July 2003 (accepted). d’Hautefeuille, F., Merrick, N.P., McLachlan, M. and Hodson, A. (2003). 3D geophysical processing, visualisation and interpretation of rice irrigation impacts. In Proceedings of “ASEG 16th Geophysical Conference and Exhibition”, Adelaide, South Australia, February 2003 (CD).** Edraki, M., Humphreys, E., O'Connell, N. and Smith, D.J. (2002). Determination of irrigation efficiency and deep drainage for irrigated maize with a shallow watertable. In Proceedings of the “First International Symposium on Soil Water Measurement using Capacitance, Impedance and Time Domain Transmission (TDT)”, Beltsville, Maryland, USA, November 2002 (in press). Godwin, D., Humphreys. E., Smith, D.J., Timsina, J., Xevi, E. and Meyer, W. (2002). Application of SWAGMAN* Destiny to rice-wheat cropping systems. In Proceedings of “Modelling irrigated cropping systems, with special attention to rice-wheat sequences and raised bed planting” workshop, pp. 69-81. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, February 2002. Horne, I. (2003). Evolving enzymes for a cleaner environment. “Bio2 CSIRO Biotechnology Conference”, Brisbane, Queensland, 2003.

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Humphreys, E. (2002). Key questions for modeling. In Proceedings of “Modelling irrigated cropping systems, with special attention to rice-wheat sequences and raised bed planting” workshop, pp. 99-100. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, February 2002. Humphreys, E. et al. (2003). Permanent beds for irrigated rice-wheat and alternative cropping systems in north-west India and south east Australia. “11th Regional Technical Coordination Committee Meeting of the Rice-Wheat Consortium”, Kathmandu, Nepal, March 2003. Humphreys, E. and Robinson, D. (2003). Improving water productivity in rice cropping systems in Australia: institutions and policy. In Proceedings of the “16th International Rice Congress”, Beijing, China, September 2002. International Rice Research Institute (in press). Humphreys, E., Lewin, L.G., Khan, S., Beecher, H.G., Lacy, J., Thompson, J., Batten, G.D., Brown, A., Russell, C., Christen, E.W. and Dunn, B. (2002). Integration of approaches to increasing water use efficiency in rice-based systems in south-east Australia. “International Rice Congress”, Beijing, China, September 2002. (This paper is also being submitted to the Field Crops Research journal). * Humphreys, E., Smith, D.J., White, R.J.G., Xevi, E. and Godwin, D.C. (2003). MaizeMan – a decision support system for water and nitrogen management. In Proceedings of the “5th Australian Maize Conference”, Toowoomba, Queensland, February 2003 (in press). Jupp, D.L.B., Datt, B., McVicar, T.R., Van Niel, T.G., Pearlman, J.S., Lovell, J.L. and King, E.A. (2002). Improving the analysis of Hyperion Red Edge Index. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Third International Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing Symposium “Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment and Space Conference”. Hangzhou, China, October 2002. Khan, S. and Ginns, T. (2002). A participatory approach to environmental management in irrigation areas. “Australian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage (ANCID)” Conference, Griffith, NSW, September 2002. Khan, S., O’Connell, N., Wang, Z., Robinson, D. and Xevi, E. (2002). Environmental concepts and models for participative management of irrigation areas –applications in the Murray-Darling Basin. “Irrigation Advisory Services and Participatory Extension in Irrigation Management Workshop” organised by FAO – ICID. Montreal, Canada, September 2002. Paper No. 2 (invited paper). Khan, S., Meyer, M., and Huggins, C. (2002). Water issues and tools for participative catchment management in the Lower Murrumbidgee –Australia. “HELP – Hydrology for the Environment, Life and Policy” Symposium, Kalmar, Sweden, August 2002 (invited paper). Khan, S., Ullah, K., Christen, E. and Nafees, H.M. (2002). Modelling approaches to quantify the water balance in groundwater-dominant irrigation systems: an example of Rechna Doab, Pakistan. (Eds. Bouman, Hengsdijk, Hardy, Bindraban, Tuong, and Ladha). “Water-Wise Rice Production”, IRRI, Los Baños, Philippines, 307-320, (invited paper).

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Lanoiselet, V.M., Harper J.D.I., Ash, G.J., White, R.G. and Cother, E.J. (2003). Infection process of Rhizoctonia oryzae and R. oryzae-sativae on rice plants. “8th International Congress of Plant Pathology”, Christchurch, New Zealand, February 2003. Lanoiselet, V.M., Cother, E.J., Ash, G.J. and Harper, J.D.I. (2003). Potential chemical and biological agents for the control of aggregate sheath spot and sheath spot in south-eastern Australia. “3rd International Temperate Rice Conference”, Punta del Este, Uruguay, March 2003. Pearlman, J.S., McVicar, T.R., Van Niel, T.G., Jupp, D.L.B., Datt, B., Campbell, S.K., Lovell, J.L., Mitchell, R.M., Barry, P. and Liang, S. (2002). Assessing the value of a time series of EO-1 data for Coleambally Irrigation Area. In Proceedings of the “International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium”, Toronto, July 2002. Quayle, W.C. and Zrna, S. (2003). Effects of water management practises on pesticide dissipation and salinity in rice fields. In Proceedings of “3rd International Temperate Rice Conference, Punte del Este, Uruguay, March 2003 (CD). Robinson, D. and Khan, S. (2003). Economic tradeoffs for managing offsite impacts of irrigation areas. “47th Annual Conference of the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society”, Fremantle, Western Australia, February 2003. Russell, C.A., Angus, J.F., Williams, R.L. and Dunn, B.W. (2003). Predicting nitrogen mineralization of rice soils with NIR. In Proceedings of “3rd International Temperate Rice Conference”, Punta del Este, Uruguay, March 2003. Singh, U., Timsina, J., and Godwin, D. (2002). Testing and application of CERES-rice and CERES-wheat models for rice-wheat cropping systems. In Proceedings of “Modelling irrigated cropping systems, with special attention to rice-wheat sequences and raised bed planting” workshop, pp. 17-32. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, February 2002. Smith, J., Reinke, R., Fukai, S. and Fischer, K. (2002). Screening reproductive-stage cold tolerance for the NSW rice improvement program. In Proceedings of “12th Australasian Plant Breeding Conference”, Perth, Western Australia, September 2002. Sutherland, T.D., Horne, I., Weir, K.M., Coppin, C.W., Williams, M.R., Briggs, L.J., Crone, E.J., Dorrian, S.J., Russell, R.J., Selleck, M.L., Costello, M., Nguyen, H., Dumsday, G., Zachariou, M. and Oakeshott, J.G. (2002). Pesticide detoxification using enzymatic bioremediation. In Proceedings of the “11th Australian Cotton Conference”, Brisbane, Queensland, pp 797-800. Sutherland, T.D. (2002). Discovery and adaptation of enzymes for bioremediation technologies. “CSIRO Biotechnology Conference”, Noosa, Queensland, 2002. Timsina, J., Humphreys, E. and Godwin, D. (2002). Issues and opportunities for modelling rice-wheat crop sequences on flat and bed layouts. In Proceedings of “Modelling irrigated cropping systems, with special attention to rice-wheat sequences and raised bed planting” workshop, pp. 101-112. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, February 2002.

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Weir, K.M. (2002). Isolation and characterisation of enzymes capable of degrading the pesticide endosulfan. “Australian Society for Microbiology Annual Conference”, Melbourne, Victoria, 2002. Whitelaw, E.S., Blanchard, C.L., Roffey, P. and Steel, C.C. (2002). Variation of starch branching enzyme I (SBE I) gene in different varieties of rice. In Proceedings of the “52nd Australian Cereal Chemistry Conference”, Christchurch, New Zealand. Xevi, E. and Timsina, J. (2002). Potential for application of HYDRUS-2D to analysis of water flow and solute transport of bed layouts in irrigated cropping systems. In Proceedings of “Modelling irrigated cropping systems, with special attention to rice-wheat sequences and raised bed planting” workshop, pp. 63-67. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, NSW, February 2002. Zhao, X. (2003). Improvements of callus induction in rice microspore culture. In Proceedings of “3rd International Temperate Rice Conference”, Punte del Este, Uruguay, March 2003 (CD). Zhou, Z., Robards, K., Blanchard, C. and Helliwell, S. (2002). Rice aging during storage. “RACI Cereal Chemistry Conference”, New Zealand, September 2002. ** David Allen and Fabienne d’Hautefeuille delivered two papers at the Australian Society of Exploration Geophysics international conference, Adelaide, South Australia, February 2003. Both were subsequently invited to submit extended papers for peer review, to be published in the Journal of Exploration Geophysics.

Workshop Proceedings Beecher, H.G. (2002). Electromagnetic soil surveys- EM Surveys. GRDC Cropping Research Update, Corowa, NSW, August 2002. Prasad, A. and Khan, S. (2002). A synthesis report of the Murray-Darling Basin dialogue on water and climate. River Symposium, Brisbane, Queensland, September, 2002.

Technical Reports Cother, E.J. (2002). Report of a study tour to examine symptoms of rice diseases in southern USA and California. Rice CRC Study Tour Report. Dickson, N. (2003). Understanding the role of climate variability on water availability. Report on Summer Vacation Student Project funded by the Rice CRC. Godwin, D., Humphreys. E., Smith, D.J., Timsina, J., Xevi, E. and Meyer, W. (2002). Application of SWAGMAN* Destiny to rice-wheat cropping systems. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 25/02.

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Edraki, M., Humphreys, E., O'Connell, N. and Smith, D.J. (2002). Determination of irrigation efficiency and deep drainage for irrigated maize with a shallow watertable. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 30/03. Humphreys, E. (2002). Key questions for modelling. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 25/02. Humphreys, E., Edraki, M. and Bethune, M. (2003). Deep drainage and crop water use for irrigated annual crops and pastures in Australia – a review of determinations in fields and lysimeters. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 14/03. Humphreys, E., Edraki, M., O’Connell, N. and Smith, D.J. (2003). Determination of irrigation efficiency and deep drainage for irrigated maize with a shallow watertable. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 30/03. Khan, S. (2003). Fact sheet on the dialogue on water and climate Murray-Darling Basin. Khan, S., Best, L. and Wang B. (2002). Surface ground water interaction model of the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area (Development of the hydrogeological databases). CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 36/02. Ryan, A. (2003). Novel technology for the removal of turbidity, nutrient and pesticide contaminants in agricultural waters: an investigation of the cationic polymer Polydiallyldimenthyl ammonium chloride (PolyDADMAC). Report on Summer Vacation Student project funded by the Rice CRC (submitted). Singh, U., Timsina, J., and Godwin, D. (2002). Testing and application of CERES-rice and CERES-wheat models for rice-wheat cropping systems. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 25/02. Timsina, J. and Humphreys, E. (2003). Performance and application of CERES and SWAGMAN Destiny models for rice-wheat cropping systems in Asia and Australia: a review. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 16/03. Timsina, J., Humphreys, E. and Godwin, D. (2002). Issues and opportunities for modelling rice-wheat crop sequences on flat and bed layouts. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 25/02. Timsina, J., Humphreys, E., Quayyum, M.A., Saleque, M.A., Panaullah, G.M., Haq, F. and Connor, D.J. (2002). Nutrient and water management for sustainable rice-wheat cropping systems in Bangladesh and Australia. ACIAR Project #9432 Final Report. Wang, B., Khan, S. and O’Connell, N. (2003). A GIS approach to quantify impact of flooding on shallow watertable levels in the Wakool Irrigation District. Rice CRC technical report. Wang, B., Khan, S. and O’Connell, N. (2003). Quantifying impact of rainfall on shallow groundwater table in the Wakool Area. Rice CRC technical report.

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* White, R.J.G., Xevi, E., Humphreys, E., Godwin, D.C. and Smith, D.J. (2002). MaizeMan User Manual. Version 1. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 51/02. Xevi, E. and Timsina, J. (2002). Potential for application of HYDRUS-2D to analysis of water flow and solute transport of bed layouts in irrigated cropping systems. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report 25/02.

Trade Magazines Angus, J.F., Russell, C.A., Pringle, T., Good, T. and Lacy, J. (2003). What’s new with nitrogen for rice? Farmers’ Newsletter, Winter 2003 (in press). Allen, D. and Merrick, N.P. (2003). Electrical conductivity imaging in the vertical plane. Rice CiRCle, Issue 2, Vol. 5, p.3. Anon. (2002). Rice on raised beds - an Indian connection. Australian Grain. June-July 2002, p. Rgii. Horne, I., Sutherland, T.D., Russell, R.J. and Oakeshott, J.G. (2002). Potential use of enzymes in natural resource management. CRDC magazine. McCaffery, D., Thompson, J., Humphreys, E., Beecher, H.G., Ellwood, N, Taylor, M. and Polkinghorne, B. (2002). Best bet guidelines for rice on beds. Farmers' Newsletter Large Area No. 161, 16-18. McVicar, T.R., Van Niel, T.G., Jupp, D.L.B. and Edge, F. (2002). Remote sensing research at Coleambally Irrigation Area. ACRES Update, Geoscience Australia. Issue 26, September 2002. Lawrence, L. (2002). Enzymes tackle another pesticide residue problem. Australian Cottongrower 23 (5): 22-24. Lawrence, L. (2002). Enzymes tackle another pesticide residue problem. Australian Grain 12 (5): 6-7. Lawrence, L. (2003). Special enzymes to ‘eat up’ pesticide residues. Farming Ahead 136 (May): 48-49. Lewin, L.G. (2002). Taking on the tough research issues. Australian Grain Year Book 2002. *McIntyre, J., Williams, P., Ha, H.D., Najee, S., Anh, V.T.M, Ivanow, G., Ngo, H. and Fraser, M. (2001). Rice as a vehicle for dietary fluoride uptake. General Dentistry, December 2001: 604. Oliver, S., Dennis, E. and Dolferus, R. (2002). Cold- induced sterility in rice: a sweet affair. IREC Farmers’ Newsletter.

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Quayle, W.C. (2003). Reaching for a positive chemical equation. CSIRO Land Water Link, April 2003. *Smith, D.J., Humphreys, E., White, R.J.G., Xevi, E. and Godwin, D.C. (2002). MaizeMan – does it work and what can you do with it? The Cob 3(3), 4-5. Sutherland, T. Using enzymes to clean up pesticide residues. Garrards Pest Review (in press). Sutherland, T.D., Russell, R.J. and Selleck, M.L. (2002). Using enzymes to clean up pesticide residues. Pesticide Outlook, 13:149-151.

Published Thesis Burdett, A. Acute and chronic toxicity of three rice field herbicides to non-target aquatic invertebrate fauna. Honours thesis, University of Melbourne. D'Hautefeuille, F. (2001). Heterogeneity of a field site using 3-dimensional resistivity imaging. Masters thesis, University of Technology Sydney. Evans, Z. Amino acids, mineral elements and the quality of rice. Honours thesis, University of Sydney. Gunawardena, T. (2001). Spikelet sterility in rice (Oryza sativa L.) induced by low temperature and nitrogen fertilisation. PhD thesis, University of Queensland. Hansen, S. Examination of the rice snail, Isidorella newcombi, as a biomonitor for pesticide contamination of aquatic systems. Honours thesis, Charles Sturt University. Heidari, R. (2002). Kinetic properties of Esterases hydrolysing organophosphorus and carboxylester insecticides. PhD thesis, Charles Sturt University. Hodson, A. Groundwater flow and solute transport simulation model at Stotts Farm, MIA. Masters thesis, University of Technology Sydney. Imin, N. (2002). Molecular mechanisms causing cold induced male sterility in rice - A proteomic investigation. PhD thesis, Australian National University. Lanoiselet, V. The production, germinability and infectivity of survival structures of Rhynchosporium alismatis, a candidate mycoherbicide for the control of Alisma lanceolatum and Damasonium minus in rice. Honours thesis, Charles Sturt University. Lloyd, J. A numerical groundwater management model for salinity mitigation at irrigated farm scale. Masters thesis, University of Technology Sydney. McCormick, J.I. (2001). Optimising a nutrient solution for rice. Honours thesis, University of Sydney.

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McLachlan, M. Data collection report for the modelling of groundwater dynamics and salinity at Stotts Farm, MIA. Masters thesis, University of Technology Sydney. McNamara, T. (2000). Factors affecting lodging of rice in southern New South Wales. Honours thesis, University of New England. Mahamud, G. An analytical groundwater management model for salinity mitigation at irrigated farm scale. Masters thesis, University of Technology Sydney. Mamun, M.E.A. The role of callose in cold damage of rice pollen. PhD thesis, University of Sydney. Oliver, S.N. (2000). Investigation of variation in the rice soluble starch synthase I gene from different varieties. Honours thesis, Charles Sturt University. Schiller, L. (2002). The phenology and abundance of mosquitoes in NSW rice fields and associated habitats. Masters thesis, University of Sydney. Whitelaw, E. Study of variation in rice starch synthesis genes. Honours thesis, Charles Sturt University. Wilson, A. (2003). Effects of different management regimes on aquatic fauna in Australian rice fields. PhD thesis, Charles Sturt University. Wiltshire, B. Grain nutrient content of low phytic acid rice. Honours thesis, University of Sydney.

Authorship of Books or Chapters of Books Beecher, H.G., Beale, P. and Clampett, W.S. (2000). Land for ricegrowing. In “Production of quality rice in south eastern Australia.” (Eds. LM Kealey and WS Clampett) Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, Canberra. Connor, D.J., Timsina, J. and Humphreys, E. (2002). Prospects for permanent beds for rice-wheat systems. In “Improving the productivity and sustainability of rice-wheat system: issues and impacts”. (Eds. J.K. Ladha, J.E. Hill, J.M. Duxbury, R.K. Gupta and R.J. Buresh.) ASA Special Publication 65. ASS-CSSA-SSSA, USA. pp. 197-210. Williams, R.L. and Kennedy, I.R. (2002). A model testing for effectiveness for Australian rice production”. In “Biofertilisers in Action” (RIRDC 02/086).

Software Edraki, M., Humphreys, E., Bethune, M., Wood, M., Finger, L. (2003). REFIRR – a database of studies of the water balance and irrigation management for irrigated pastures and field crops in Australia. CSIRO Land and Water, Griffith, NSW.

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* White, R.J.G., Xevi, E., Humphreys, E., Godwin, D.G. and Smith, D.J. (2003). MaizeMan v. 1.3 – a decision support system for water and nitrogen management for maize.

Patents Sutherland, T.D., Weir, K., Horne, I., Lacey, M.J., Russell, R.J. and Oakeshott, J.G. Enzymes which degrade thio compounds, and methods of use thereof. International Patent Application No PCT/AU03/00712 filed 6 June 2003. Priority date claimed: 6 June 2002. Provisional patent lodged in October 2002 by NSW Agriculture on behalf of the Rice CRC, NSW Agriculture, CSIRO Plant Industry and University of Sydney for work in Projects 3402, 3404 & 3405.

* = non CRC

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PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS, PUBLIC RELATIONS AND COMMUNICATION Research of Rice CRC participants has been disseminated through many channels, including presentations, workshops, conferences, seminars and interaction with visitors.

Workshops Some of the workshops at which information was presented during 2002/2003 include:- * DSSAT workshop, Griffin, Georgia, USA, December 2002 (J Timsina, E Xevi); * 11th Regional Technical Coordination Committee Meeting of the Rice-Wheat Consortium,

Kathmandu, Nepal, March 2003 (E Humphreys); * Murray-Darling Basin climate workshop, Canberra, ACT, June 2003 (S Khan); * Brisbane River symposium, September 2002 (S Khan); * Synthesis workshop of the dialogue on water and climate, Dhaka, Bangladesh, December

2002 (S Khan); * Interdisciplinary Dialogue: agricultural production and integrated ecosystem management

of soil and water workshop - presentation on HELP perspectives, Ballina, NSW, November 2003 (S Khan);

* Think tank on future irrigation education and research at Charles Sturt University, Wagga

Wagga, NSW, October 2002 (S Khan); * Pratt water group meetings about irrigation and whole of the system water savings research

(S Khan); * “Towards building a global rice gene machine” international workshop, Canberra, ACT,

November 2002 (R Dolferus); * Project presentation to university workshop, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga,

NSW, July, 2002 (R Dolferus); * Presentation on “Protein profiling of male gametophyte development and its response to

low temperature stress”. “Towards building a global rice gene machine”, international workshop, Canberra, ACT, November 2002 (T Kerim);

* Presentation on “Development of a dual orientation T-DNA/Ds Gene Trapping system for

rice” was given at “Towards building a global rice gene machine” international workshop, Canberra, ACT, November 2002 (A Eamens, C Blanchard, K Ramm, L Dennis and N Upadhyaya);

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Program 1 participated in a CSIRO Land & Water workshop in Griffith, NSW on “Modelling irrigated cropping systems, with special attention to rice-wheat sequences and raised bed planting” in February2002. CRC presentations are recorded separately in this Report under “List of Publications and Patents”.

Conferences Attended (See also “Published Conference Papers” in “List of Publications and Patents” section) Rice CRC Annual Symposium, February 2003, Griffith, NSW. Presentations included:- * “Rice industry future” (L Lewin); * “Rice water productivity” (E Humphreys); * “Environmental flows” (W Muirhead); * “Groundwater hydrology” (S Khan); * “Cold tolerance at field level” (T Farrell); * “Cellular basis of cold tolerance” (L Cantrill); * “The role of invertase in cold- induced pollen sterility in rice” (S Oliver); * “Economic impact of cold tolerance” (R pal Singh); * “Impact assessment” (H Nesbitt); * “Rice CRC into the future” (J Herbert/ L Lewin); * “Extension in NSW Agriculture” (W Clampett). Rice CRC Students’ Conference, February 2003, Yanco, NSW. CRC and associated students gave the following presentations at their annual conference:- * David Allen – “Towed array EC surveying”’; * Sarah Spackman – “Mapping and managing variability”; * Nick Addison – “Reducing the impact of muddy water on rice crop establishment”; * Kahli Weir – “Isolation and characterisation of pesticide degrading enzymes”; * Greg Doran – “Pesticide persistence”; * John Smith – “Early generation low temperature screening for the NSW rice improvement

program”; * Sandra Oliver – “The role of invertase in cold- induced pollen sterility in rice”; * Herbert Chiou – “Shining light on starch structure”; * Tennille Schultz – “The effects of proteins, starch and lipids on retrogradation in rice”; * Rodney Martin – “Texture analysis of 3-minute rice”; and * Jeff Castro – “Starch synthesis”.

Papers Presented at Conferences (See “Published Conference Papers” in “List of Publications and Patents” section)

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Conference Posters Allen, D. (2003). “Seepage and salinity”. (Irrigation Association of Australia Conference, Dubbo, NSW, May 2003). Beecher, H.G., Thompson, J., Dunn, B.W., Humphreys, E., Mathews, S., Johnston, D., Christen, E., Timsina, J., Smith, D., Pal Singh, R. and Xevi, E. (2003). “Alternative irrigation methods for rice-based cropping systems: permanent beds and sub-surface drip.” (3rd International Temperate Rice Conference, Punta Del Este, Uruguay, March 2003.) Beecher, H.G., Thompson, J., Dunn, B.W., Humphreys, E., Mathews, S., Johnston, D., Christen, E., Timsina, J., Smith, D., Pal Singh, R. and Xevi, E. (2003). “Alternative irrigation methods for rice-based cropping systems: permanent beds and sub-surface drip.” (5th Australian Maize Conference, Toowoomba, Queensland, February 2003.) Castro, J.V., Chiou, H.C., Fellows, C.M., Fitzgerald, M.A., Morell, M.K. and Gilbert, R.G. (2003). “Insights into the biosynthesis of starch and other biopolymers in vivo from molecular weight distributions”. (Gordon Conference on Polymer Colloids, New Hampshire, USA, June-July 2003). Chiou, H.C., Gilbert, R.G., Fitzgerald, M.A. and Fellows, C.M. (2003). “Progress in the study of rice starch structure”. (Gordon Conference on Polymer Colloids, New Hampshire, USA, June-July 2003). Chiou, H.C., Gilbert, R.G., Fitzgerald, M.A. and Fellows, C.M. (2002). “Progress in the study of rice starch structure”. (International Symposium: New approaches in starch science and carbohydrate-active enzymes – International Carbohydrates Conference, Tokyo, Japan, September 2002). Chiou, H.C., Gilbert, R.G., Fitzgerald, M.A. and Fellows, C.M. (2003). “Progress in the study of rice starch structure”. (26th Australasian Polymer Symposium, Noosa, Queensland, July 2003). McVicar, T.R., Van Niel, T.G. and Campbell, S.K. (2002). “Coleambally Irrigation Area: a time series remote sens ing site.” (11th Australasian Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Conference, Brisbane, Queensland, September 2002.) Mamun, M.E.A., Cantrill, L.C., Overall, R.L. and Sutton, B.G. (2002). “The ultrastructure of chilling induced male sterility in rice”. (Combio 2002, Sydney, NSW, October 2002). Seal, A.N., Pratley, J.E., Haig, T. (2002). “Allelopathic effects of rice varieties on arrowhead (sagittaria montevidensis) an aquatic weed infesting nsw rice crops.” (Third World Congress on Allelopathy, Tsukuba, Japan, August 2002.) Smith, J., Reinke, R., Fukai, S. and Fischer, K. (2002). “Screening reproductive-stage cold tolerance for the NSW rice improvement program”. (12th Australasian Plant Breeding Conference, Perth, Western Australia, September 2002).

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Symes, J.C. and Troldahl, R. (2002). “Rice CRC studentships”. (Rice CRC Annual Symposium, Griffith, February 2003). Van Niel, T.G., McVicar, T.R. and Edge, F. (2002). “Coleambally Irrigation Area, Riverina District, New South Wales.” (ACRES Update, Geoscience Australia. Issue 26, September 2002.)

Seminars Many CRC project staff presented information on their work at seminars during 2002/2003. For example in Project 1102 (Better prediction of groundwater recharge from rice growing), participants gave a presentation to the Riceland Policy and Advisory Group and Coleambally Irrigation at Coleambally in June 2003. Brian Dunn (NSW Agriculture) also gave a presentation to University of Sydney students (Department of Crop Sciences) in March 2003. Geoff Beecher (NSW Agriculture) gave a presentation to Charles Sturt University students doing the “Rice-based Farming Systems” course on “Rice land suitability/EM-31 survey” in April 2002. Shahbaz Khan (Program 1) provided input into a House of Representatives Inquiry on future water supplies for Australia's rural industries and communities. Some of the other seminars at which information was presented during 2002/2003 include:- * CSIRO EOC Annual Science Meeting, Canberra ACT, August 2002 (T McVicar); * Australian National University, Canberra ACT, September 2002 (T Van Niel); * Update on Project 1208, presentation to Project Steering Committee, Coleambally, NSW,

April 2003 (HG Beecher); * Seminar on Project 1208 (brief awareness raising presentation) to 170 farmers participating

in NSW Agriculture’s “Irrigation Systems” field trip, January 2003 (HG Beecher); * ANCID Seepage Workshop, October 2002 (D Allen/N Merrick); * CSU Undergraduates seminar, Griffith, NSW, April 2002 (L Best); * Postgraduate Students’ seminar, Charles Sturt University, July 2002 (L Best); * 26th Australasian Polymer Symposium (R Gilbert);

Visitors Visitors during 2002/2003 have included:-

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Name/Organisation GRDC Southern Panel members RIRDC/ACIAR representatives Malaysian Felcra plantation services, Malaysia NSW Agriculture Southern Farming System Irrigation Extension Team Chilean rice industry delegation. Prof Alan Devonshire, IACR-Rothamsted Dr Ron Cantrell, Director-General, IRRI Mr Yang-Ho Park, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea CSU “Rice Based Farming Systems” students Trainee Agronomists Steve Guest, Uncle Toby’s

Overseas Visits by Rice CRC Staff Several CRC staff took part in a RIRDC/Rice CRC tour to Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay in February/March 2003. This tour was organised in conjunction with attendance at the 3rd International Temperate Rice Conference in Uruguay in March 2003. There were several visits to Punjab Agricultural University by CSIRO Land and Water staff (Liz Humphreys, Jagadish Timsina, David Smith, John Blackwell) during 2002/2003 which were particularly relevant to Sub-Program 1.2. In December 2002 Shahbaz Khan presented Murrumbidgee project and MDB UNESCO’s HELP perspectives at the “Synthesis Workshop of the Dialogue on Water and Climate” at Dhaka in Bangladesh. During August 2002 Dr Khan visited ETH (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), Switzerland in regard to Project 1403. As a follow up to this visit Dr Khan is advising a PhD and a Diploma student on modelling irrigation in the Murrumbidgee Valley through a collaborative project with ETH. Dr Khan also presented a paper on the Lower Murrumbidgee HELP perspectives at the HELP (Hydrology for the Environment, Life and Policy) Symposium in Kalmar, Sweden during August 2002. Dr Khan visited Japan in March 2003 to attend the 3rd World Water Forum, on invitation from the Swedish International Hydrological Programme (IHP), HELP (Hydrology for the Environment, Life and Policy) and Dialogue on Climate and Water. He represented SIS research in the Murrumbidgee Catchment in the sessions on Dialogue on Water and Climate and Basin dialogues – scientists, policy makers and stakeholders perspectives. Dr Ric Cother undertook the first visit by a pathologist to look at rice diseases overseas since the industry started over 80 years ago. He visited scientists in Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, Minnesota and California. Although blast remains the single biggest threat to the Australian rice industry, there are at least two other diseases that could have serious implications for the industry, if introduced. Several strategies and recommendations

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are made in his report. Dr Cother also went to New Zealand in February 2003 to attend the 8th International Congress on Plant Pathology. Ms Ella Whitelaw (former Honours student) attended the Annual RACI cereal chemistry conference in New Zealand. Prof Bob Gilbert, Mr Jeff Castro, Mr Herb Chiou and Dr Melissa Fitzgerald attended the Gordon Conference on Polymer Colloids in the USA in June/July 2003. Mr Chiou and Dr Fitzgerald also attended the International Carbohydrates Conference in Japan in September 2002. Other overseas visits by CRC staff included:- * Mark Stevens - study tour and attendance at XV International Symposium on

Chironomidae, USA, August 2002; * Emmanuel Xevi - DSSAT workshop, USA, November/December 2002; * Jim Pratley - 3rd World Congress on Allelopathy, Japan, August 2002; * John Thompson - IRRI, Philippines, April 2002; * Ella Whitelaw - RACI Cereal Conference, New Zealand, September 2002; * Liz Humphreys - 11th Regional Technical Coordination Committee Meeting of the Rice-

Wheat Consortium, Kathmandu, Nepal, March 2003; * Liz Humphreys - 1st International Rice Congress, Beijing, China, September 2002.

Field Days The Centre manned displays and gave presentations at:- * Henty Field Days (three days) * Annual Rice Field Day, Jerilderie (one day) * Royal Easter Show, Sydney (two and a half weeks). Staff involved in Project 1208 also hosted “informal” field days showcasing their project to farmers and agribusiness representatives at the Coleambally Demonstration Farm.

Media coverage Reports in media outlets for the last financial year are listed below.

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Date Publication outlet Title/Topic Media releases/reports - Print 2002 June-July Australian Grain Magazine

Vol. 12 No. 3, p RGi New tool helps predict weather, manage watertables

June-July Australian Grain Magazine Vol. 12 No. 3, p RGii

Rice on raised beds – an Indian connection

August Weekly Times Permanent rice bed saves water August Weekly Times Irrigators should be lauded August The Land Yielding answers August Weekly Times Centre in the centre of it all September Weekly Times An East Timor calling for Riverina couple September Sun Herald Response to enquiries about piping of irrigation flows

and drought proofing Australia October The Rural Students research finer points of rice Oct-Nov Australian Grain Magazine

Vol. 12 No. 5, p.RGi Rice starch variations uncovered

2003 January Weekly Times Ben puts study to bed January Area News Climate variability in the Murrumbidgee January The Irrigator Rice centre breakthrough provides sticky start for

Yanco researchers January The Rural News (Area News) Yanco helping bring fish dish to our dinner plates January The Rural New tools may help drought-proof crops January The Irrigator Gene mapping holds key to drought-proofing grain

crops January The Rural News (Area News) Students study water in irrigation territory January Weekly Times Sky maps may be boost to rice crop February Regional newspapers Kids clamour for rice crop critters February Regional newspapers Forum to explore natural resource technology February Area News Future discussed while water debate rages March Area News Local research wins acclaim at world water forum in

Kyoto May The Rural Emphasis is placed on water efficiency May The Land Rice breeder wins Farrer Medal May The Irrigator Prestigious medal high honour for Yanco Institute

rice breeder May The Land Know your local rice June NSW Agriculture Today Rice breeder honoured Media releases/reports - Radio/TV 2002 September ABC Media Watch Response to enquiries about piping of irrigation flows

and drought proofing Australia 2003 January Area News Climate variability in the Murrumbidgee January ABC Radio Response to comments from Murray Valley farmers

seeking government to invest funds in buying back water.

January WIN TV Visit by Dr Ron Cantrell, DG IRRI January PRIME TV Visit by Dr Ron Cantrell, DG IRRI April ABC Radio Rice on beds experiment at Coleambally

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Communications Officer See Education and Training Program – Sub-Program 5.6

Education Officer

See Education and Training Program – Project 5302

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AWARDS

Grants

Name Organisation Project Title Source Amount Humphreys et al. CSIRO Land &

Water, Griffith Increasing water and nitrogen use efficiency, productivity and profitability of maize. (GRDC project CSO00015 relevant to CRC Sub-Program 1.2)

Grains Research & Development Corporation

$238,543

Khan, S CSIRO Land & Water, Griffith

Seasonal climate forecasts for risk-based irrigation area and environmental management.

Land & Water Australia

$50,652

Awards

Name Organisation Project Title Source Award Kahli Weir CSIRO Entomology Enzymatic bioremediation of

pesticide residues in irrigation drainage waters (1304)

Aust Society for Microbiology, Canberra Branch

Becton Dickinson Award

Kahli Weir CSIRO Entomology Enzymatic bioremediation of pesticide residues in irrigation drainage waters (1304)

Aust Society for Microbiology, Canberra Branch

Travel Award

Kahli Weir CSIRO Entomology Enzymatic bioremediation of pesticide residues in irrigation drainage waters (1304)

Rice CRC Rice CRC Students Conference Student Speaker Award

Dr Noel Merrick (University of Technology Sydney) was appointed Associate Editor of the international Hydrogeology Journal. Dr Laurie Lewin (Director, Rice CRC/Research Agronomist, NSW Agriculture) was presented with the Farrer Memorial Award in 2003 for his contributions to the rice industry and NSW Agriculture’s rice breeding program.

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PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 A. COOPERATIVE ARRANGEMENTS A1 The contributions of staff from each participating institution to the objectives of the Rice CRC .

Staff from each participating organisation have met their commitments to the Centre. These contributions are detailed under “Research Staff Resources” table.



A2 The interaction of the Rice CRC and its contributing staff with other funding bodies.

Interaction with other funding bodies has been with ACIAR, LWRRDC, RIRDC and Irrigation Companies.

Interaction has been with ACIAR, RIRDC and Irrigation Companies.

Interaction has continued with ACIAR, RIRDC and Irrigation Companies.

A3 The range of opportunities for exchange of information on the Centre objectives and activities through seminars and workshops.

Exchange of information was facilitated by the Annual Symposium and Program meetings, discussion with irrigation Boards, and many seminars, presentations and contributions to workshops.



A4 The extent of interaction with research groups other than those directly participating in the Centre.

There has been active participation with research groups from the Australian National University, University of Queensland, University of NSW, Incitec Fertilisers Ltd and environmental staff from Murray Irrigation Ltd, Murrumbidgee Irrigation Ltd and Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Ltd.

There has been active participation with research groups from the Australian National University, University of Queensland, University of NSW, Incitec Fertilisers Ltd and environmental staff from Murray Irrigation Ltd, Murrumbidgee Irrigation Ltd and Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Ltd.

There has been active participation with research groups from the Australian National University; University of Queensland; University of Technology Sydney; University of New England; University of Melbourne; Murray Irrigation Ltd; Murrumbidgee Irrigation Ltd; Coleamb ally Irrigation Cooperative Ltd; Goulburn Murray Water; Wimmera Murray Waters; NASA; BOEING company; University of Maryland, USA; Punjab Agricultural University; ACIAR; RIRDC; Grains Research & Development Corporation; Cotton R&D Corporation; Australian Cotton CRC; Horticulture Australia Ltd; Orica Australia Pty Ltd; CRC LEME; Zonge Engineering & Research; Hokkaido University, Japan; United States Department of Agriculture; Cornell University, New York, USA; IRRI, Philippines; Rice Research Centre, Sakha, Egypt;

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2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 Institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France; Unilever Research Laboratories, Netherlands; Institut de recherché en biologie vegetale, University of Montreal, Canada; Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany; Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, China; BRI Australia Ltd; Glasgow Caledonian University; Uncle Tobys R&D Centre, Rutherglen; University of Canberra.

A5 Evidence of upgraded links between members of participating institutions.

The linkages already developed during the first three years of CRC activities have been reinforced. Stronger links have developed with irrigation companies. Links between CSIRO and The University of Sydney have expanded, as have links between CSIRO and Charles Sturt University.

The linkages already developed during the first four years of CRC activities have been reinforced. Stronger links have developed with irrigation companies, particularly through interaction with Program 1. Links between CSIRO and The University of Sydney have expanded, as have links between CSIRO and Charles Sturt University.

Evidence of upgraded links was amply demonstrated by the desire of core partners to participate in the application for an additional year for the Rice CRC. This year marked considerable achievement in improving links between SunRice, NSW Agriculture, Sydney University and Charles Sturt University in Program 4.

A6 The interaction of University and non-University staff in the education program.

Of the 32 students who were current during 2000/2001, 14 were supervised primarily by university staff, 3 were supervised by non-university staff and the remaining 15 were supervised jointly by university and non-university staff.

Of the 32 postgraduate students who were current during 2001/2002, 17 were supervised primarily by university staff and the remaining 15 were supervised jointly by university and non-university staff.

Of the 17 postgraduate students who were current during 2002/2003, 8 were supervised primarily by university staff, with the remaining 9 being supervised jointly by university and non-university staff.

B. RESEARCH AND RESEARCHERS B1 Papers in refereed journals. Ten publications in refereed journals. Twelve publications in refereed

journals. 31 publications in refereed journals.

B2 Invitation to present keynote addresses and participation in courses.

Dr Shahbaz Khan - invited paper at ACIAR International Water Policy Workshop, Bankgok, Thailand, June 2001.

Dr Shahbaz Khan (Project 1201) visited Korea to present work on “Integrated hydrologic economic modelling techniques to develop local and regional policies for

CRC participants are often informally invited to present papers at conferences but not necessarily as keynote speakers. However Dr Shahbaz Khan has continued to be a sought after speaker at conferences which have included:-

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2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 Dr Shahbaz Khan gave an invited presentation on scaling issues in hydrologic economic modelling for the Sugar CRC in Toowoomba, March 2001. He also presented the Rice CRC’s funded work on regional hydrological economic modelling to a catchment-scale modelling workshop of the CRC for Catchment Hydrology as an invited speaker (December 2000). Mr Tim Farrell was an invited scientist in an ACIAR workshop on “Productivity of Lowland Rice in Southeast Asia –Overcoming Environmental Constraints”, in Vientiane, Laos, from October 30 to November 1, 2000. Prof Graeme Batten was invited to present a paper at the 10th International Conference on Near Infra-red Spectroscopy in Kyongju, South Korea in June 2000. The paper was titled “Choosing an NIR instrument and sample presentation option for plant and soil analysis”.

sustainable rice farming systems”, at the 1st Asian Regional Conf on Agriculture, Water and Environment, ICID, Sept 2001, Seoul, Korea. While visiting China (March 2001) Dr Khan (Project 1403) gave keynote presentations to a number of organisations including a major seminar on “Surface-groundwater interaction modelling in China and Pakis tan” to Huanghe Technical College, Kaifeng. Dr Khan was also invited by IRRI (Philippines) to present research on system scale modelling in Australia, Pakistan and China. Mr Tony Blakeney was invited to present a keynote paper at the International NIR Conference, Korea.

* Irrigation Advisory Services and Participatory Extension in Irrigation Management Workshop, organised by FAO – ICID in Montreal, Canada; * Hydrology for the Environment, Life and Policy (HELP) Symposium in Kalmar, Sweden; and * Water-Wise Rice Production, IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines. Dr Liz Humphreys was a keynote speaker at international conferences and Mr Tim Farrell was a keynote speaker at the International Temperate Rice Conference in Uruguay.

B3 Software development and application

SWAGMAN Farm development continued and application by Coleambally Irrigation has expanded. Remote Sensing Horizontal Accuracy Extension program (ArcView) was posted to the CRC website.

SWAGMAN Farm web-based version completed.

CRC participants contributed to further development of software for the rice industry, including SWAGMAN Farm® and MaNage Rice extensions.

B4 Scientific developments that are applied throughout the industry.

Application of remote sensing for “precision agriculture”.

* EM31 and sodicity being tested throughout industry. * Positional accuracy of GIS data

* Approval was granted by REPAG (Rice Environment Policy Advisory Group) for application of the EM31 and sodicity test.

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2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 Expanded range of “quick cooking” rices. Application of new rice receival technologies at all receival sites.

applied in Coleambally Irrigation Area (CIA). * Net recharge management applied through the CIA. * Markers for amylose content applied in rice breeding program. * Updated quality evaluation strategies applied across all idnustry receival sites. * Increased range of quick-cooking rices marketed in supermarkets.

* There was extensive application of “crops following rice” for groundwater use. * SWAGMAN Farm® is being applied for net recharge management – particularly by Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Limited. * There was good application of image analysis for locating tissue testing sites. * New techniques for analysing starch structure are being used by industry for evaluation of texture of quick cooking rice. * There is widespread use of new techniques for evaluating quality of rice at receival. * Quality assurance systems are being applied through the processing sector. * Processes developed by CRC research have been further developed into products now on supermarket shelves.

C. EDUCATION AND TRAINING C1 The number of graduate programs offered and successfully completed.

* There were 153 undergraduate students involved in 5 CRC-sponsored courses. * 4 Honours students were enrolled, 3 of whom have completed their studentship.

* There were 336 undergraduate students involved in courses conducted by two lecturers sponsored by the CRC. * 3 Honours students were enrolled, 1 of whom has completed his studentship.

* There were 626 undergraduate students involved in courses conducted by two lecturers sponsored by the CRC. * 6 Honours students were enrolled (4 of whom subsequently withdrew), with 1 completed and 1 ongoing (commenced Feb 03) It is interesting to note that 3 of the withdrawals were students who had completed summer studentships and decided to take on an Honours degree. Since July 1997 the Rice CRC has appointed 14 Honours students (9 completed, 1 ongoing, 4 withdrawals).

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2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 C2 The number of post-graduate opportunities offered and successfully completed. Distribution among the participating institutions is also an important measure.

28 postgraduate students were enrolled - 7 Sydney University 13 Charles Sturt University 2 University of Queensland 2 Australian National University 2 University of NSW 2 University of Technology, Sydney (2 Masters completed, 1 PhD withdrawn)

32 postgraduate students (including Masters students) were enrolled - 7 Sydney University 14 Charles Sturt University 3 University of Queensland 2 Australian National University 2 University of NSW 4 University of Technology, Sydney (4 Masters completed, 3 have submitted their thesis - note some top up CRC funding only. 8 PhD projects completed with 3 students having submitted their thesis. 1 Honours graduated with Honours.)

This financial year 17 postgraduate students (including Masters students) have been funded – 5 Sydney University, 9 Charles Sturt University, 1 University of Queensland, 1 Australian National University, 1 University of Technology Sydney. 3 of these students have completed their scholarship, with the remaining 14 due for completion in 2003/2004 or 2004/2005. Since the commencement of the Rice CRC in July 1997 it has supported 32 PhD students (11 completed, 14 ongoing, 7 withdrawn) and 10 Masters students (6 completed, 3 ongoing, 1 withdrawn).

C3 Establishment and use of vocational training programs.

Vocational training delivered in - Rice Production; Irrigation; Colour sorting.



C4 The extent of wider community information opportunities.

Community information opportunities have been extensive through:- * six presentations to school groups; * presentation to Murray Va lley womens group; and * excellent take-up rate of Rice CRC news releases in local press (at least 50 articles or broadcasts generated by 22 news releases during 2000/2001).

Community information opportunities have been extensive through:- * Crop critters program; * Ag learning display at Sydney Royal Easter Show; * over 70 press articles and news releases.

Community information opportunities have been through:- * access to Rice CRC and linked industry websites; * Henty Field Days; * Rice Field Days; * Crop critters program including school visits; * Exhibit at Sydney Royal Easter Show; * Annual Symposium; * presentations to community groups such as Rotary, Lions Club etc; * print, television and radio news releases.

D. APPLICATION OF RESEARCH D1 Application of improved technology to improve sustainability throughout the industry.

* Enhancement of post application. * Application of “crops following rice” to manage groundwater. * “Rice on beds” application to manage water use and system sustainability.

* EM31 application. *EM31 and sodicity trials. * “Crops following rice” for groundwater management. * Net recharge management initiatives.

* Further application of “EM31 and sodicity” to reduce net recharge. * Application of SWAGMAN Farm® to control recharge has contributed to watertable declines.

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2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 * Further uptake of farm management strategy of “crops following rice” and its impact on groundwater levels.

D2 The value of the product, processes or services in increasing exports or import substitution.

Expanded range of “quick cook” products on supermarket shelves.

Further expansion of “quick cook” products range.

There was limited opportunity for import replacement due to low production as a result of the drought.

D3 Contribution of the findings to new standards of operation.

Application of improved receival and processing techniques to improve product quality.

Further improvement of receival quality evaluation.

* Applications of quality evaluation in implementation of Quality Assurance programs for production and processing sectors. * Contributions of Rice CRC research to development of the rice industry environmental policy.

D4 The extent to which skills of the Centre are drawn on by users.

Skills of Program 1 staff have been incorporated into operations of irrigation companies - particularly in application of EM31, SWAGMAN Farm and understanding salinity and groundwater.

Program 1: Interaction with Irrigation Companies. Program 2: Advice to growers by many officers. Program 3: Advice on variety use.

Program 1: Extensive use of skills by Irrigation Companies. Programs 2 & 5: Extensive use of the skills by farmers. Program 3: Use of skills in breeding programs. Program 4: Use of skills in developing technology at receival, improved understanding of processing technology in Quality Assurance development and also development of new products by the commercial company (SunRice).

D5 Contribution to user-orientated presentations - eg. seminars, popular journals or other media.

CRC staff have contributed to:- * 3 staff at 6 field days; * 7 workshops; * 5 conferences; * 10 seminars; and a number of print, radio and television opportunities.

CRC staff have contributed to at least:- *4 field days; *15 workshops; * 30 conferences; * 12 seminars; and a number of print, radio and television opportunities.

CRC staff have contributed to at least:- * 3 field days; * 13 workshops; * 28 conferences; * 10 seminars; and a number of print, radio and television opportunities.

E. MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET E1 Normal financial reporting and auditing will ensure that the resources are effectively managed.

Financial and auditing system in place.

Financial and auditing system in place.

Financial and auditing system in place. Management Committee and Board fully informed on a quarterly basis.

E2 Establishment of procedures to monitor and report on the research program and achievements in relation to other activities of the Centre.

Project system is established. Project system is established. Project system is established. Half yearly and yearly progress reports from Project Leaders monitored by Program Managers and Management Committee.

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2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 E3 Timely and accurate reporting of progress towards the objectives of the Centre.

Equivalent to 1999/2000 Progress reporting both timely and accurate.

Accurate reporting provided as required except for delay in production of 2002/2003 Annual Report, partly due to pressure of other deadlines (including work on CRC rebid) and difficulties experienced in collection of information from Program 4 due to staff resignations.

E4 The extent to which objectives are modified or rationalised in line with new knowledge or changes in the social or economic environment.

Strategic Plan reviewed and updated during the year.

Modification to use rice genome developments.

Objectives particularly in relation to technology transfer were modified to meet extreme production shortages following drought.

E5 Accurate monitoring of projects including financial management and progress towards meeting agreed milestones.

Project management systems are in place.



E6 Accurate monitoring of agreed performance indicators and financial transactions.

Milestones and financial transactions are continuously monitored.



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BUDGET

Budget and Financial Report Notes relating to the in-kind contributions report and cash report. Name Change The NSW Department of Land & Water Conservation are now known as Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Natural Resources. Ricegrowers’ Co-operative Limited is now trading as “SunRice”.

Basis of accounting The financial information in the following tables has been prepared on the basis of cash accounting.

In-kind contributions In-kind contributions represent each partner’s internal expenditure on Rice CRC projects. Multipliers set down in the Commonwealth Agreement have been applied consistently. All partners have met or exceeded their in-kind contribution obligations. The value of in-kind contributions by partners of the Rice CRC directly affects the percentage share each partner is entitled to from any possible future income streams such as royalties. To ensure an equitable situation exists in respect of participating shares, we have calculated for financial year 2003, retrospective accommodation costs for Rice CRC funded staff for those partners that hadn’t previously claimed this overhead. The values have been recorded as a separate line item in the section headed “other” costs for those partners affected.

Cash contributions All cash contributions have been met except for the Murray-Darling Basin Commission (MDBC) (non-participant) which has been reported previously.

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Costing of Contributions Table 1

In-kind Contributions from Partners (Dollars in $’000’s)

Grand TotalPARTICIPANT 97/98 98/99 00/01 01/02 Total Agr'mt Diff

Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Agr'mt Actual Agr'mt Budget Agr'mt 7 Yrs 7 Yrs 7 YrsCharles Sturt University S 239 240 195 234 249 251 217 1408 1302 243 217 1651 1519 132

C 0 0 0 0 0O 399 401 326 391 417 2480 362 4414 2172 612 362 5026 2534 2492

T 638 642 521 625 666 2731 579 5823 3474 855 579 6678 4053 2625

University of Sydney S 88 151 110 113 103 99 95 664 570 99 95 763 665 98C 8 8 0 8 0 8O 147 252 183 188 172 1950 159 2892 954 605 159 3497 1113 2384

T 235 404 301 301 275 2049 254 3565 1524 704 254 4269 1778 2491

CSIRO - Land & Water S 84 254 195 296 25 373 211 1227 1280 389 211 1616 1491 125C 0 0 0 0 0O 180 476 669 938 969 961 322 4193 1951 807 323 5000 2274 2727

T 264 730 864 1234 994 1334 533 5420 3230 1196 534 6616 3764 2852

CSIRO - Plant Industry S 79 107 77 74 81 112 83 530 498 117 83 647 581 66C 0 0 0 0 0O 172 151 140 142 152 1354 149 2111 894 473 149 2584 1043 1541

T 251 258 217 216 233 1466 232 2641 1392 590 232 3231 1624 1607

NSW Agriculture S 435 533 463 466 474 515 527 2886 3126 509 527 3395 3653 -258C 0 0 0 0 0O 981 2494 3678 2839 2440 1974 863 14406 5095 1936 863 16342 5958 10384

T 1416 3026 4141 3305 2914 2489 1390 17291 8221 2445 1390 19736 9611 10125

Actual Cumulative 2002/03 2003/0499/00 Total to date

Projections

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Table 1 cont.

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Table 2

Cash Contributions

PARTICIPANT 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 Total Agr 'mt Dif fActual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Agr 'mt Actual Agr 'mt Budget Agr'mt 7 Yrs 7 Yrs 7 Yrs

RIRDC 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 3000 3000 500 500 3 5 0 0 3 5 0 0 0Ricegrowers' Co-op Ltd t/as SunRice 7 5 7 5 75 75 7 5 7 5 7 5 450 450 75 75 525 525 0University of Sydney 6 0 6 0 60 60 6 0 300 300 300 300 0

Total cash from participants 635 635 635 635 635 575 575 3750 3750 575 575 4 3 2 5 4 3 2 5 0

Other cashNon-participants MDBC (Note 1) 0 150 0 900 0 150 0 1 0 5 0 -1050External grants 0 0 0 0Contract Research 0 0 0 0Commercialisation 0 0 0 0Educat ion 0 0 0 0Interest 1 8 21 34 2 4 3 0 127 0 14 141 0 141Refunds (Note 2 97/98) -72 4 13 42 1 5 4 2 44 0 6 5 0 0 5 0

Sub-Total other cash -72 2 1 33 76 4 0 7 2 150 171 900 20 150 191 1 0 5 0 -859

CRC Grant (Note 3) 941 2313 1746 2347 2 9 8 1 2430 2300 12758 10120 2469 2300 15227 12420 2 8 0 7

Total CRC cashcontribution (T2) 1 5 0 4 2969 2415 3058 3 6 5 6 3077 3025 16679 14770 3064 3025 19742 17795 1 9 4 7

Cash carried over from previousyear (=UB for previous year) 715 1603 1098 938 1300 1349

Less Unspent Balance (UB) 715 1603 1098 938 1 3 0 0 1349 610

Total cashexpenditure (T3) 789 2081 2920 3218 3 2 9 3 3028 3025 15329 17070 3803 3025 19132 20095 -963Note 4 03/04

Allocation of cash expenditure between heads of expenditure

Salaries 383 1207 1777 2098 2 1 6 4 1912 1910 9540 10538 2167 1910 11707 12448 -741Capital 3 0 1 2 45 4 2 129 308 129 308 -179Other 376 862 1098 1121 1 0 8 7 1116 1115 5660 6224 1636 1115 7 2 9 6 7 3 3 9 -43

Note 1 : MDBC grant no longer available in this form. Applications for funding will now be by way of application to the MDBC funding committee.Note 2 : Negative $72k is an allowance for RIRDC's prior contribution to a project that the Rice CRC agreed to be responsible for. The transaction has been reflected in this manner to show RIRDC met their cash requirements for 97/98 from the prior financial year.Note 3 : CRC grant figures include annual inflator.Note 4 : Forecast expenditure for 03/04 includes expenditure which over-runs into 04/05.

Grand total 2003/04 2002/03 01/02

CumulativeTotal to date

Actual

170

Table 3 Summary of resources applied to activities of Centre

Projections Grand total

98/99 02/03 Total Agr'mt DiffActual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Agr'mt Budget Agr'mt 7 Yrs 7 Yrs 7 Yrs

Grand total in-kind (T1) 4154 7242 8465 7770 7396 11958 46985 28477 7555 4795 54540 33272 21268

Grand total cashExpenditure (T3) 789 2081 2920 3218 3293 3028 15329 17070 3803 3025 19132 20095 -963

Total resourcesapplied to activitiesof Centre (T1 + T3) 4943 9324 11384 10988 10689 14986 62314 45547 11358 7820 73672 53367 20305

Allocation of total resources applied to activities of Centre between heads of expenditure

Total salaries 1717 3211 3619 3884 3790 3845 20066 21361 4106 3730 24172 25091 -919(Cash & in-kind)

Total capital 30 12 53 0 42 137 308 0 0 137 308 -171(Cash & in-kind)

Total other 3196 6101 7712 7105 6857 11141 42112 23879 7252 4090 49364 27969 21395(Cash & in-kind)

01/02 2003/04Cumulative

Total to date 00/0197/98 99/00

171

Table 4 Allocation of resources between categories of activities

Program Resource usage$ Cash (1) $ In-kind Contributed Staff (2) Cash Funded Staff (2)

('000s) ('000s)

Research 1939 9611 18.42 16.31Education 576 605 0.52 2.01External Communications 77 0 0.80Commercialisation/Tech. Transfer 33 911 2.96Administration 402 831 1.01 2.62

Total 3028 11958 22.91 21.74

(1) Cash from all sources, including CRC program(2) Person years, Professional staff (total should be as in "Research Staff Resources" table)

List of Capital Purchases (no new Capital items over $5,000 declared for 2002/03)

Description of Equipment

Date Purchased

Sub- Program

Cost $

Leaf Meter 4/98 2.4 10,000 Precision low temperature illuminated incubator Model 818 4/99 3.2 25,000 PCR Thermal Cycler (Gene Amp Thermocycler) 6/99 3.4 12,500 Gel electrophoresis and documentation equipment (Instadoc 2 Gel Documentation System) 6/99 3.4 13,500 Leica Inverse Microscope 12/99 3.3 8,600 Hach Field Sodicity Kit 1/2000 1.1 5,617 Fluorescence detector 1/2000 3.4 20,000 Fluorescence attachment and Nikon Coolpix 990 digital microscopic camera for Leica DM IL Inverted microscope 7/2000 3.3 12,906 Cross Beater mill 9/2001 2.1 7,486 Dough Sheeter (Rondo Doge, Model Econom STM513 11/2001 4.5 6,500 Portable Autoclave (Tomy Seiko, Model ES-315) 12/2001 3.2 12,500 Laminar Flow Cabinet (AES Environmental Party Limited, Model 1687-0200/618-2) 12/2001 3.2 7,892

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AUDIT

174

GLOSSARY ABA Abscisic acid ACIAR Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research ACRES Australian Centre for Remote Sensing AFM atomic force microscopy ANU Australian National University AWQMG Australian Water Quality Management Guidelines BRRI Bangladesh Rice Research Institute CANCES Centre for Advanced Numerical Computation in Science and Engineering CIA Coleambally Irrigation Area CICL Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Limited CMS cytoplasmic male sterile COM component object model COS carbonyl sulphide CRC Cooperative Research Centre CRC Rice Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Rice Production CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation CSU Charles Sturt University DCP dynamic cone penetration DH double haploid DIPNR Department of Infrastructure, Planning & Natural Resources (formerly DLWC) DLWC NSW Department of Land and Water Conservation DOC dissolved organic carbon DOM degree of milling DSC differential subtraction chain EAL Environmental Analytical Laboratory ECa apparent electrical conductivity EM electro magnetic ESP Exchangeable Sodium Percentage EPA Environment Protection Authority ERIC enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus ESEM scanning electron microscopy EST expressed sequence tag ET evapotranspiration ETM enhanced thematic mapper ETo reference evapotranspiration - calculation of evapotranspiration EQOs environment quality objectives GAMS General Algebraic Modelling System GBSS granule bound starch synthase GIS geographical information systems GPC gel permeation chromatography GPS global positioning system GRDC Grains Research & Development Corporation ha hectares HACCP hazard analysis critical control point HELP Hydrology, Environment, Life and Policy (UNESCO program) HQI halogen quartz iodide IREC Irrigation Research & Extension Committee IRRI International Rice Research Institute IGS intergenic spacers ITS internal transcribed spacers IWMI International Water Management Institute LAI Leaf Area Index L&WMP Land and Water Management Plan LP linear programming

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LWRRDC Land and Water Resources Research & Development Corporation MC microspore culture MDBC Murray-Darling Basin Commission MIA Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area MU Melbourne University N Nitrogen NCGM National Centre for Groundwater Management NHT National Heritage Trust NIR Near Infra -Red NSW New South Wales NSWAGRIC NSW Agriculture OH&S Occupational Health & Safety OP organophosphate PBI Plant Breeding Institute PCR polymerase chain reaction PhD Doctor of Philosophy PI panicle initiation PIN panicle initiation nitrogen uptake PMF peptide mass fingerprint PRC People’s Republic of China QTL quantitative trait loci QU Queensland University RCL Ricegrowers’ Co-operative Limited REP repetitive extragenic palidromic REPAG Rice Environmental Policy and Advisory Group RGA Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia RIRDC Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation RNA ribonucleic acid RRDC Rice Research and Development Committee RVA rapid visco analysis © Newport Scientific SAR sodium absorption ratio SATs stomatal aperture-related traits SDI sporophytic development inducers s.e.d standard error of difference SEP standard error of performance SGRL Stored Grain Research Laboratory (CSIRO Entomology) SPC Statistical Process Control SPI Standard Precipitation Index SSR single sequence repeat SU Sydney University (The University of Sydney) SWAGMAN Salt Water And Groundwater MANagement (®Registered trademark for CSIRO suite of models) t/ha tonnes per hectare TOC total organic carbon UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UNSW University of New South Wales USA United States of America USDA United States Department of Agriculture USGS United States Geological Survey UTS University of Technology, Sydney WMO World Meteological Organisation

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Cooperative Research Centre

For Sustainable Rice Production

C/- Yanco Agricultural Institute Private Mail Bag

YANCO NSW 2703

Telephone (02) 69512713 Facsimile (02) 69512533

Email - [email protected] Website - http://www.ricecrc.org

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