Vocabulary: Unit 2Vocabulary: Unit 2

Vocal/ Voice/ VocalistVocal/ Voice/ Vocalist

What does “voc” What does “voc” mean?mean?

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How about “vociferous”How about “vociferous”

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Need an Advocate?Need an Advocate?

What does an advocate DO?What does an advocate DO? Prefix ‘ad-’ means ‘to’.Prefix ‘ad-’ means ‘to’. So, advocate means to__________.So, advocate means to__________.

WORD TOWER:WORD TOWER:from the root ‘voc-’ from the root ‘voc-’ meaning ‘speak or call’meaning ‘speak or call’

Provoke:Provoke:

““Don’t provoke me” Don’t provoke me” Provoke: to cause Provoke: to cause

someone to do or someone to do or feel something.feel something.

Ex) You could provoke Ex) You could provoke someone to take someone to take action against lawn action against lawn gnomes everywhere.gnomes everywhere.

Prefix ‘e-’ means ‘out’Prefix ‘e-’ means ‘out’

EVOKE:EVOKE:

A song might evoke feelings or images.A song might evoke feelings or images. An evocative picture might make you An evocative picture might make you

weep.weep. What does ‘evoke’ mean?What does ‘evoke’ mean?

Revoke:Revoke:

‘‘re-’ means:re-’ means: So, revoke means:So, revoke means: What kinds of things can be revoked?What kinds of things can be revoked?

And, lastly, INVOKE:And, lastly, INVOKE:

Prefix ‘in-’ means “in” within most words, but Prefix ‘in-’ means “in” within most words, but it can also mean “upon” in several cases. it can also mean “upon” in several cases. INVOKE: “to call upon”…usually for help.INVOKE: “to call upon”…usually for help.

Ancient poets Ancient poets invoked invoked muses to inspire them.muses to inspire them. After getting a flat tire, you might After getting a flat tire, you might invoke invoke help help

from a passing motorist.from a passing motorist. You can You can invoke invoke the Fifth Amendment in the Fifth Amendment in

court.court.

Root: FacRoot: Fac

What does it mean?What does it mean?

To MAKE/DOTo MAKE/DO

Word Tower!Word Tower!

Words to Know: Fac-Words to Know: Fac-

FacileFacile—easy—easy ArtifactArtifact—art made by humans.—art made by humans. BenefactorBenefactor— “make good”—someone who — “make good”—someone who

gives a gift. Ex) tooth fairy, grandparent, etc.gives a gift. Ex) tooth fairy, grandparent, etc. Benefit—Good that was made.Benefit—Good that was made.

Affect/Effect: Affect/Effect: Remember these? Make or feel Remember these? Make or feel change. These contain the fac- root.change. These contain the fac- root.

Factitious:Factitious:

I once had a kid tell me that when he was a I once had a kid tell me that when he was a small kid he was lifted by an eagle, who flew small kid he was lifted by an eagle, who flew away, but came back and let him go after away, but came back and let him go after awhile. awhile.

He also told me he knew how to hotwire any He also told me he knew how to hotwire any vehicle on the road.vehicle on the road.

He was only in 3He was only in 3rdrd grade. grade. Probably, what he was telling me was Probably, what he was telling me was

facticious.facticious.

““The world needs dreamers and the world needs doers. But above all, the world needs dreamers who do.””

Too Many To’s…Too Many To’s…

When to “oo” and when to “o”.When to “oo” and when to “o”.

““To be or not too be, that is To be or not too be, that is the question.”the question.”

When you use “to”:When you use “to”:

Never at the end of a sentence.Never at the end of a sentence. At the beginning of prepositional phrases, At the beginning of prepositional phrases,

which show direction you are going or which show direction you are going or where something is being focused:where something is being focused: ““to the fair” “to your party”to the fair” “to your party”

OR it starts an infinitive verb…OR it starts an infinitive verb… ““to ride my moped” “to watch a movie”to ride my moped” “to watch a movie”

Problems with Prepositions?Problems with Prepositions?

Try this: “The mouse ran Try this: “The mouse ran ___________ the box.:___________ the box.:

Most prepositions will fit into that Most prepositions will fit into that blank.blank.

How about TOO?How about TOO?

1. Either you are modifying something by 1. Either you are modifying something by showing showing HOW MUCH/MANYHOW MUCH/MANY:: ““too many marshmallows in my mouth”too many marshmallows in my mouth”

How many? TOO many!How many? TOO many! ““too much sleep”too much sleep”

How much? TOO much!How much? TOO much! ““too cold outside”too cold outside”

How cold? 54 degrees! Oh, I mean TOO cold!How cold? 54 degrees! Oh, I mean TOO cold!

OR “too can mean OR “too can mean “ALSO”“ALSO”

I want to go I want to go too!too! Flint Lockwood likes Jello Flint Lockwood likes Jello too.too.

Often at the end of a sentence when used in Often at the end of a sentence when used in this sense, but not always.this sense, but not always.

He too smelled the skunk.He too smelled the skunk.

A VISUAL REMINDER:A VISUAL REMINDER:

‘‘To is used To is used most often, most often, BUT if you BUT if you need to add need to add something something “also” or tell “also” or tell “how much “how much or how or how extreme” , extreme” , then you then you need the ‘O’ need the ‘O’ sidecar to sidecar to turn it from turn it from ‘to’ to ‘too.’‘to’ to ‘too.’

Practice:Practice:

http://www.spraz-ila.de/vocab/to1.htm www.spraz-ila.de/vocab/to1.htm

OROR

http://english.clas.asu.edu/files/shared/http://english.clas.asu.edu/files/shared/enged/TooToandTwo.pdfhttp://enged/TooToandTwo.pdfhttp://english.clas.asu.edu/files/shared/enged/english.clas.asu.edu/files/shared/enged/TooToandTwo.pdf TooToandTwo.pdf

AgonyAgony

OriginOrigin Greek “Agon” originally Greek “Agon” originally

meant meant “one who leads” “one who leads” but changed to also but changed to also refer to the Olympic refer to the Olympic games to see who games to see who would lead.would lead.

Now it has come to Now it has come to mean “one who leads/ mean “one who leads/ struggles” or “struggle”struggles” or “struggle”

Word Tower: AGON-Word Tower: AGON-

ProtagonistProtagonistProt--comes from Prot--comes from

“protots”= “first” “protots”= “first” and and ““agonist” = agonist” = leader, or leader, or

one who is one who is struggling.struggling.

AntagonistAntagonistPrefix “Ant” or “Anti” means ____________________

An antagonist is the force or person that the protagonist ________________.

Name an antagonist that is a force, not a person.

How about a short video?

protagonist and antagonist