wind energy comparison systems-seminar

7/24/2019 Wind Energy Comparison Systems-seminar

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Presented by

SOWMYA.M

4SM05EE030 Dept. of E&E


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CONTENTS

1.INTRODUCTION

2.WHY WIND ENERGY IS REQUIRED?

3. POWER IN THE WIND

4. BASIC COMPONENTS OF WECS

5. THE TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

5.1 Ind!"#$n G%n%&'"$&

5.2 SYNCHRONOUS GENERARATOR

5.3 SYNCHRONOUSMACHINE WITHOUT

GEAR

(. CONCLUSION


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INTRODUCTION

Wind or air in motion ontains t!e "#ineti ener$y%'!i! is

on(erted into me!ania) po'er by

means of a 'ind t*rbine.

'ind stri#es in 'ind t*rbine b)ade as s!o'n t!e fi$+,.

-!e 'ind t*rbine is onneted to a $enerator

for prod*in$ e)etriity.

-!e potentia) for 'ind ener$y is immenseand

eperts s*$$est 'ind po'er an s*pp)y *p to

/0 of 'or)d e)etriity

1et2 )a'


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WHY WIND ENERGY IS REQUIRED?

1.The Cheapest source of electrical energy

2. Wind Turbine Technology is available which is

technically feasible.

. No !ar"eting ris"s# as the product is Electrical energy.

$. Wind Energy is considered as an i!portant input for the

econo!ic develop!ent of any country.

%. This led to a search for environ!ental friendly

renewable Energy sources.

&. Wind !ill can be constructed near the load centre.

'. Wind !ill can be i!!ediately erected with in one !onth.

(. Can supply up to 2)* of electricity de!and.


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POWER IN THE WIND

power is e+ual to energy per unit ti!e.

energy available is the "inetic energy of the wind.

The "inetic energy of any particle is e+ual to one half its

!ass ti!es the s+uare of its velocity or , !-- .

/!ount of air passing in unit ti!e #through an area 0/# with

velocity -# is /-# and its !ass 0!# is e+ual to its volu!e

!ultiplied by its density 0r of air # i.e. m= AV.

/n aeroturbine with a large swept area has higher power

than a s!aller area !achine.

There fore available wind power Pa= 1/2 AV^3.


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THE TECHNICA! ANA!YSIS"

I#$%&'()# G*#*+a')+"

The electrical power by the induction generator and is trans!ittedto grid by the stator winding.

The stator winding is connected to the grid by the wind turbine.

The pitch angle is controlled in order to li!it the generator out put

power to its no!inal value for high wind speeds.

4ut the speed variation is typically so s!all that the wind turbine

induction generator is considered to be a fi5ed speed wind

generator.

The reactive power absorbed by the induction generator is provided

by the grid or by the so!e devices li"e capacitor ban"s# S6C#ST/TCO7 or synchronous condenser.

3t acts li"e load of its rated power at ti!e of starting the flow this

energy conversion


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W$&+#n, 0n!#0*% $ #nd!"#$n G%n%&'"$&

W!en 'ind !an$es its diretion 'ind 'ane sensesdiretion of 'ind and sends t!e si$na) to ontro))er. -!en itsends si$na) to t!e ya' motor. Ya' motor 'i)) brin$ t!e'ind t*rbine b)ades perpendi*)ar to t!e f)o' of 'ind.O*tp*t of t*rbine is onneted to !i$! speed $enerator

t!ro*$! t!e )o' speed s!aft and $ear me!anism.

W!en 'ind (e)oity is )ess t!an minim*m (e)oityre*ired to r*n t!e t*rbine and $reater t!an maim*m

permissib)e (e)oity t!en pit! ontro) t*rns t!e b)adespara))e) to t!e 'ind diretion t!en 'ind t*rbine 'i))s!*tdo'n.


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W#nd -'!#n% #" ' ,%'& //"%-

F#,&%3) W#nd -'!#n% #" ' ,%'& //"%-


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A$,a#'a-*. AND D(.a$,a#'a-*."A$,a#'a-*."

1. Can generate !ore than rated o8p power 2. 3t is a self9starting type !achine.

. 7echanical interface can be easily attached.

$. 3t is robust in construction : !aintenance is easy.

D(.a$,a#'a-*."

1.Wor"s at low p.f.

2. 3t draws !agneti;ing current fro! the grid.

.


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SYNCHRONOUS GENERARATOR"

Wind turbine which uses synchronous generatornor!ally use electro!agnet in the rotor# which are fed bydirect current fro! the grid. Since the grid supplies

alternating current# they first have to convert ac to dc#before sending it into the coil windings around theelectro!agnets in the rotor. The electro!agnets areconnected to the current by using brushes :slip rings onthe shaft of the generator.

(-%+*0" B)& D(a-+am ) a 4(#$ E*&'+(& .5.'*m )+ G*a+*.. ma&6(#*

F#,&%4) B*$!+ D#',&'- $ ' #nd

E*%!"! //"%- $& G%'&*%// -'!#n%


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W)+(#- 7+(#&(7*

=aw drives controls the rotation of the turbinedepending upon the wind velocity and pitch drives

controls the blades position depending upon the winddirection.

Turbine is directly coupled to the generator# when >.C

e5citation is supplied to the rotor Winding flu5 will be

produced. E.!.f will be induced in the stator of the

generator# when flu5 cut by the stator conductors as

shown below in figure


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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE WITHOUT GEAR

1.?otor blade2.Wind !easure!ent

device

.Synchronous @enerator

$.Winch %.Nacelle control cabinet

&.=aw drives

'.4lade adapter

(.


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a89 S(#-*(#* $(a-+am ) S5#&6+)#)%. ma&6(#* &)##*&'*$ ')

-+($Aigure9&B Single9line diagra! of Synchronous !achine connected to grid.


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A$,a#'a-*. AND D(.a$,a#'a-*."A$,a#'a-*."

1. >raw less power fro! grid at ti!e of starting.

2. Wor" at leading and lagging p.f.

. elps grid in p.f. 3!prove!ent.

$. Can generate power at low wind speed.

%. No gear and coupling !echanis! re+uired.

D(.a$,a#'a-*."

1. Cannot generate !ore than its rated o8p.

2. 7aintenance is difficult.

. 3t is costlier

$. 7ost of the proble!s occur at electronic interface.


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CONC!USION"

4ut the !ain disadvantage with induction !achine is it acts as a

load of sa!e rating at the ti!e of start and hence draw huge

a!ount of reactive power and wor"s at low power factor and

!ain proble! occur in the gear syste! of induction !achine

where as synchronous !achine draws very less a!ount ofpower at the ti!e of starting for e5citation and wor"s on the

leading power factor.

ence synchronous !achine is grid friendly# 4oth the !achines

need grid supply for generating power# when ever grid fails not

possible to generate power even when re+uired wind is

available. 4ut if we use per!anent !agnet generator we can

generate power without grid supply there fore per!anent

!agnet generator is !ore suitable for wind !achine co!pare to

the above two wind energy conversion syste!s


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wind energy comparison systems-seminar

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