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HorwoodKEITH TP. R 747

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NEWTON TP.

ONTARIO DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND NORTHERN AFFAIRS

PRELIMINARY MAP P.748 r-EOLOCICAL SERIES

HORWOOD TOWNSHIPDISTRICT OF SUDBURY

Scale l inch to f. milt?

MS Reference: 41 0/16, 42 B/lODM-GSC Aeromagnetic Maps: 226ZC, 2263G

ODM Geological Compilation Series Map: 2116

LEGEND

CENOZOICqUATtKNARY

RecentLake, s t r L- am, and swamp deposits

PleistoceneSand , grave L , varved clays

Unconformity

PRECAMBRIANMIDDLE TO [.ATE PRECAMBRIAN (PROTEROZOIC)

- i MAFIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS3 . b . c 8 8a Diabase (dikes)

" Hb Porphyritic diabase (dikes) 8c Olivine diabase (dikes)

EARLY PRECAMBRIAN (ARCHEAN)FELSIC TO INTERMEDIATE PLUTONIC ROCKS

i Late Tec Lau i c Granitic Rocks^ 2 __ l 7a Hornblende granodiorite

7b Biotite granodiorite7c Porphyritic biotite quartz monzonite7d Muscovite granodiorite7e Aplite dikes7 f Xeno lithic hornblende granodiorite7g Diorite

Intrusive Contact

l Syntectonic or Pretectonic Granitic Rocks a 6 6a Biotite trondhjemite

6b Hornblende trondtijemite bc Diorite bd Migmatite6e Quartz andCor) feldspar porphyry, minor

intrusive rocks L

Intrusive Contact

MAFIC AND ULTRAMAFIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS^ Ultramafic Intrusive Rocks

5a Dark green-black serpentinite ^., H ^3b LighL blue-green serpentinite

5e Talc-carbonate serpentinite "" 3d Sheared serpentinite

Mflfir Tnrrusf vi? Rocks 4a' Mgtagabbro itb Xenolithic metagabbro bc Porphyritic diorite 4d Hornblendite

Metagabbro or dlkes c

Intrusive Contact

METAVOLCANICS AND METASEDIMENT3 l i Metasediments

3 3a Greywacke3b Conglomerate3c Chert3d Quartzitn3e Feldspathic arenite3f Slate

m Felsic to Intermediate Metavolcanics

2 Unsubdivided 2a Tuff2b Lapilll-tuff 2c Lapillistone 2d Tuff breccia2e Pyroclastic breccia2f Metarhyolite2g Miarolitic volcanic rocks

m Mafic to Intermediate Metavolcanics

l Unsubdividedla Amygdaloidal volcanic rocksIb Pillowed volcanic rocksle Crenulated volcanic rocksId Laminated (possibly tuffaceous) volcanic i-otksle Medium- to coarse-grained volcanic rocksIf Fine-grained volcanic rockslg Mafic breccialh Amphibolitlzed volcanic rocksli Massive volcanic rocksIj Garnetiferous volcanic rocksIk Mlgmatitic volcanic rocks

a. Rocks in these groups are subdivided lithologically and the order does notimply age relationships within or among jtroups .

b. Some Archean diabase Intrusions may be present. c. Width may be exaggerated In order to achieve map representation.

The letter 'G' preceedlng a rock unit number, for example, 'G8' , indicates interpretation is based on geophysical data only.

Foliated or schistose lava flow; tops st1 ] l di scernable

GEOLOGICAL AMD MINING SYMBOLS

Small bedrock outcrop.

Area of bedrock outcrop.~ Geological boundary

Foliation; (inclined, position observed.

- .. Geological boundary, position assumed.Bedding, top unknown;

(inclined, vertical). Geological boundary,

y* J1 Schistosity; (Lnclined, Jf f vertical).

Gneissosity; {inclined

Lineation (with plunge).

Drag folds (with plunge).

Anticline, syncline (withdirection of plunge).

deduced from geophysics.

Lineament.

Fault, position assumed.

Glacial striae.

tsker.

Mineral occurrence.

Q Past-producing mine. Lava flow; top (arrow) from ____ pillows shape and packing.

MARGINAL NOTES

Location and Access: The map-area, bounded by Latitudes 48O07*N and 47 a 56'N and by Longitudes 82O 13'W and 82O 24'W, comprises Horwood Township and the southern half of Keleh Township, an area of L20 square miles of which approximately 25 squan? miles Is covered by water. Access to Horwood Lake (formerly Mettagaming Lake) is gained by an Ontario Department of Lands and Forests public access road which is reached via Highways 101 and 616. The southeastern part of Horwood Township, in the vicinity of the Delahaye Fire Tower, is accessible by a secondary road that passes through Kukatush station in Penhorwood Township and thence to Highway 101, The Canadian National Railways line passes very close to the map-area with stations at Tionaga, Kukatush, Groundhog River, and Foleyet.

Most parts of the area are readily accessible via Horwood Lake. The Swayze River is navigable by canoe (three portages) during its course In southwestern Horwood Township. A 58-chain portage connects Great Pike Lake with Hardiman Bay.

Mineral ExgloraCion: Earliest economic interest in the general area centred upon iron formations north of Groundhog Lake, and to the south in the Woman River area. Interest in iron gradually abated but the discovery of gold in 1909, in the Porcupine area to the northeast, created interest in the map-area as one of prospecting potential. The Jessop discovery in 191B (optioned by the Nipissing Mines Company Limited and later acquired by Groundhog Gold Mines Limited) on the eastern shore of Horwood Lake (property 1) instigated the first staking rush in the map-area (Laird 1935, p.33,36). In 1933 the discovery of visible gold, on the present-day claim group of Orofino Mines Limited in southeastern Silk Township (property 4), resulted in another small staking rush (Laird 1935, p.33). On the Smith-Thorne claim group (property 6), located an Horwood Lake slightly south of the Junction with Hardiman Bay, an inclined shaft was excavated in 1936 to a depth of 600 feet, with levels opened at 200 feet, 325 feet, and 570 feet in order to explore the possible contin uity of promising trench gold 'values' (Harding 1937, p.17}. This property was optioned by Hollinger Consolidated Gold Mines Limited (now Hollinger Mines Limited) and dropped in 1938 owing to the discontinuous nature and restricted size of the mineable ore lenses. This claim group was subsequently acquired by Tionaga Gold Mines Limited. Depth of the inclined shaft was increased to 731 feet In 1938 with new levels established at 450 feet and 700 feet. During 1938 and 1939, 6,653 tons of ore were treated by a 50-ton amalgamation mill (Weir 1939; 1940), producing 2,299 ounces of gold and 404 ounces of silver (Files, Mineral Resources Branch, Ottawa). The property has since been dormant and is presently owned by Mrs. Florence Lefever and Mr. John Lefever, Jr. Several other properties were also being developed at this time.

Discovery of the Juburke Gold Mines Limited property (now New Joburke Explorations Limited) in northern Keith Township in 1946 once again stimulated interest in the area with many properties being actively explored. In 1948 and 1949, Orofino Mines Limited engaged in subsurface exploration on its claim group in south western Horwood Township (property 1) and southeastern Silk Township in order to evaluate gold-bearing quartz veins emplaced within a sheared diorite stock. A vertical shaft was sunk to a depth of 300 feet with levels opened at 150 feet and 275 feet. A mineralized zone of 105,000 tons was proven with 45,000 tons grading at 0.38 ounces gold per ton and 65.00U tons grading at 0.19 ounces gold per ton (Assessment work files, ODMNA, Whitney Block, Toronto). This property was earlier optioned by Hollinger Consolidated Gold Mines Limited In 1935 and dropped in 1938. Occurrences of base metals, other than iron, have so far been of minor importance in the map-area. Mineral exploration has been negligible in recent years; no property development has been undertaken since 1966 when Hardiman Bay Mines Limited explored their property south of Stanglff Lake for gold mineralization (property 2) (Assessment work files, ODKNA, Whitney Block, Toronto).

General^Geology: The map-area is situated within a metavolcanic-tnetasedimentary belt, with an east-west structural trend, known as the Swayze greenstone belt (Goodwin 1965) which lies almost entirely within the Sudbury mining district (Ayres et al. 1971). The consolidated rocks in the area ere of Archean age with the possible exception of some Proterozoic diabase dikes. Mafic metavolcanics dominate the area and together with minor felsic metavolcanics, constitute the oldest rocks. The mafic metavolcan ics vary from massive varieties, usually displaying pillow and(or) amygdaloidal Structures, to highly sheared schistose types. Several scattered, generally small areas of felsic metavolcanics occur in the map-area and were not previously indicated on earlier geological maps. In south-central Keith Township a northeast-striking felsic pyroclastic unit is intercalated within a north-facing mafic metavolcanic pile of massive, pillowed, and brecciated units. A larger Felsic mass occirrs l milt- Lo the north of this pile and appears to be a metamorphosed felsic volcanic pile. The presence of porphyritic textured, and miarolitic fine-grained biotitic granitic rocks in association with felsic pyroclastic rocks (ranging from tuff breccia to lapilli- tuff) indicates that this mass is partly subvolcanic In origin. This complex has been extensively migmatLaed by injections of xenolithic granodiorite, probably origin ating from the Kukatush Stock.

Medium- to coarse-grained hornbletide-plagioclase rocks, mapped as amphibolite, are widespread, particularly on horwood Peninsula. Many nl" the larger bodies display intrusive relations and are considered to be early gabbroic plutons, possibly fnns/ingiilneous with the mafic volcanic rocks.

Several small bodies of serpentinized ultramafic rocks were mapped. The majority of these appear to be spatially related to the Hardiman Bay Fault. They predate the late felsic plutonic rocks in the area,

Four main types of granitic rock have intruded the metavolcanic sequence: (1) foliated biotite to hornblende trondhjemite; (2) massive hornblende and(or) biotite granodiorite; (3) massive porphyritic biotite quartz monzonite; and (4) massive diorite. Feldspar and(or) quartz porphyry minor intrusions are prolific in the map- area. Diabase dikes intrude all the aforementioned lithologles.

Structural Geolo gy: Foliate structures, commonly schistose and less commonly gneissic, constitute the most widespread penetrative features. Generally, the structural trend of the area is from east to northeast with steep dips towards the north and northwest. Disparities in foliation directions arise contiguous to the Hoodoo Lake Stock, the Kukatush Stock, and near the enclosing granitic bathulithlc complexes on the eastern and just beyond the western margin of Horwood Township. Here the foliation trends are concordant with the margins of the plutons as earlier described by Bannerman (1933) and may be the result of dilatanl doming of granitic magma. In several locali ties a second foliation was lecognized in the schistose mafic metavolcanics, especially in southern Horwood 'township; it parallels the axial planes of the crenu- lations. Doming of the Delahaye Pluton in southeastern Horwood Township probably Induced i. rossi olding on the mafic metavolcanics, especially south of Great Pike Lake where north-south reversals in foliation dips are apparent. The fold axes of numerous drag folds and crenulations indicate a general west to southwest plunge of the minor folds and of the two major folds just west of Great Pike Lake.

At least four major faults occur in the map-area: (l) Hoodoo Lake Fault, a north-trending fault with a possible right-lateral displacement of 4,000 feet; (2) Horwood Lake Fault, recognized along the southern arm of Horwood Lake, offsetting a telstc metavolcanic unit, and an ovoid granitic stock in adjacent Dale Township; (3) Hardiman Bay Fault, a northeast-trending fault with only minor discernable right- Lateral movement; (4) near the east-central boundary of Horwood Township, a northwest- striking transcurrent fault with at least 1,700 feet of right-lateral movement. The first two faults may be segments of the same system,

Economic Geology: Disseminated pyrite and(or) pyrrhotite are ubiquitous in the rrafic metavolcanics. Disseminated chalcopyrite also occurs in a few localities. A minor amount of chalcopyrite was observed in a sheared porphyry unit located approximately 4,500 feet east-southeast of the former Tionaga Gold Mines Limited head-frame on Horwood Lake. A few small pods of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite occur in a small serpentinite body on the northeastern shore of Hardiman Bay about 4,200 feet from the main body of Horwood Lake. A grab sample taken by the writer and analyzed by the Laboratory and Research Branch, Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs contained 0.07 percent copper and 0.10 percent nickel. Grab samples from five serpentinite bodies along Hardiman Bay were submitted by the writer for analysis to the Laboratory and Research Branch, Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs and were found to contain 0.10 to 0.21 percent nickel and trace to 0.07 percent copper.

Gold mineralization In the map-area is usually associated with quartz veins, although gold may possibly occur disseminated in some of the porphyry intrusive rock. Carbonatized shear zones impregnated by quartz vein systems are particularly favour able for gold mineralization as exemplified by the showing originally held by the Moramo Gold Syndicate (Laird 1935, p.35-36) and now partly covered by the patented claim group of Mrs. F. Lefever and Mr. J. Lefever, Jr. Such zones of dislocation have been actively prospected in the past. Sulphide minerals commonly accompanying gold mineralization are pyrite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite; less commonly occurring sulphide minerals are galena and sphalerite.

Usually In the felsic metavolcanics only minor quantities of sulphide minerals were observed. An exception is the occurrence of a l-inch vein of fine-grained grey pyrrhotite in a possible rhyolite flow on the large island in north-central Horwood Township; a few grains of chalcopyrite were also present here. A flow contact between felsic tuff and massive, light green, mafic metavolcanics on the western shore of Horwood Lake near the Dale township boundary is mineralized in places with pyrite velnlets. The most interesting discovery recorded is the occurrence of molyb denite in a leucocratic, foliated, potassic granitic rock, on the southeastern shore of Hardiman Bay, approximately l^ miles along the shoreline from the border of Hardiman Township. This showing is considered to be a porphyry-type occurrence owing to the presence of potash feldspar phenocrysts and the widespread presence of quartz veins, the latter emplaced both parallel to foliation and along a joint set normal to foliation. Mineralization consists of molybdenite and pyrite, the former occurring either as small, disseminated grains, or as small veinlets, commonly contiguous to the quartz veins. The mineralized zone was followed for approximately 200 feet along a northerly strike with a width of at least 50 feet. A grab sample was submitted by the writer for analysis to the Laboratory and Research Branch, Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs, and was found to contain D.15 percent molybdenum.

To the writer's knowledge prior exploration has concentrated upon the gold and iron potential nf the map-area with little emphasis on the other base metals, although the possible occurrence of the latter should be considered, especially with respect to the larger areas of felsic metavolcanics in Keith Township.

References:

Ayres, L.D. , Lumbers, S.B. , Milne, V.G., and Robeson, D.W.1971: Ontario geological map. east-central sheet; Ontario Dept. Mines and Northern

Affairs, Map 2198, scale l inch to 16 miles. Compilation 1970. Bannerman, H.M.

1933: Rush Lake area, District of Sudbury; Geol. Surv. Canada, Sum. Sept., pt.D,p.38D-82D.

Goodwin, A.M.19t.5: Geology of Heenan and Marion Townships and the northern part of Genoa

Township, District of Sudbury; Ontario Dept. Mines, GR38, 66p. Accompanied by Map 2067, scale l inch to 4 mile.

Harding, W.D.1937: Geology of the Horwood Lake area, District of Sudbury; Ontario Dept. Mines,

Vol.46, pt. 2, 34p. (published 1938). Accompanied by Map 46a, scale l inch to l mile .

Laird, H.C.1935: Horwood Lake area, District of Sudbury; Ontario Dept. Mines, Vol.44, pt. 7,

p.31-37 (published 1936). Weir, E.B.

1939: Tionaga Gold Mines Limited; p.206 in Mines of Ontario In 1938. OntarioDept. Mines, Vol.48, pt.l (published 1940).

1940: Tionaga Gold Mines Limited; p.207 in Mines of Ontario in 1939, Ontario Dept. Mines, Vol.49, pt.l (published 1941).

METAL AND MINERAL REFERENCE

Au . . . . . . Goldcp . , . . . . Chalcopyritegn . . . ,. . Galenamo ...... Molybdenitepo . . , . . . Pyrrhotitepy ...... Pyriteqv ...... Quartz veinsp ...... Sphalerite

LIST OF PROPERTIES

1. Groundhog Gold Mines Limited2. Hardiman Bay Mines Limited3. Koranda Mines Limited4. Drofi no Mines Limited5. Siegel Group6. Tionaga Gold Mines Limited

(claim group owned by Mrs. F. Lefever and Mr. J. Lefever, Jr.)

ODMNA 4893

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

Geology by V.G. Milne, F.W. Breaks, and assistants 1971.Base maps compiled by Cartography Unit from maps of the Forest

Resources Inventory, Ontario Dept. Lands and Forests. Assessment Files, Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs. Files, Mineral and Resources Branch, Ottawa. Magnetic declination approximately 50W, 1971.

Issued 1972.

Part:, o[ this publ leat ion may be quoted if credit is given to the Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs. It is recommended that reference to this map be made in the following form:

Milne, V.G., and Breaks, F.W.1972: Horwood Township, District of Sudbury; Ontario Dept. Mines and

Northern Affairs, Prelim. Map P.748, Geol. Ser., scale l inch to k mile. Geology 1971.