* power distribution becomes an important issue when power demand exceeds power supply. * as...
TRANSCRIPT
*Smart Grid and Electric Vehicles
Instructor: Nicholas F. Maxemchuk
Members: Yingjie ZhouChen Wang
Xiangying Qian
*Recap the Project
*Power distribution becomes an important issue when power demand exceeds power supply .
*As electric vehicles get more popular, for a period of time, there could be a shortage of power generating facilities. In order to allow the use of electric vehicles grow at a normal rate, it is necessary to look for some techniques to charge all vehicles as fairly as possible.
*Our objective is to find out and compare different types of fairness schemes so as to meet the customers’ needs to a great extent.
*Schedule
Week Tasks1, 2, (Jan 30 – Feb 10) Background reading and literature
review3,4, (Feb 13 – Feb 24) Simulate a baseline charging system 5, 6 (Feb 27 – Mar 9)8, (Mar 19 – Mar 23)
Implement different types of fairness; Each of us is responsible for one specific fairness scheme.
9,10, (Mar 26 – Apr 6) Compare the results and make some conclusions.
11,12,13, (Apr 9 – Apr 27)
Write a technical paper.
*Progress
1. Set up simulation environment:
*information of electric vehicles
*charging habits
*power on smart grid
2. Realize the basic fairness scheme – Round Robin
3. Obtain some results using two metrics:
*the fraction of electric vehicles without sufficient charge on departure
*the average departure delay
*Baseline System
1. Set up information of electric vehicles
*Battery limit: 100 miles – 28kwh
*Charge mode: 120V 15A – 1.8kw or nearly 6.5miles at maximum power
*Baseline System
1. Set up charging habits
*Total number of person leaving home to go to work every half hour during a day time shift (8am corresponds to 6pm)
*The arrival of electric vehicles is poison process: arrival rate interarrival time satisfies exponential distribution.
*Plug-in time for an electric vehicle is Gaussian distribution truncated to 2 deltas. (mean=14 delta=4, unit: hour)
*The departure process is obtained accordingly.
*Baseline System
1. Set up charging habits – contd.
*Desired distance satisfies exponential distribution truncated to [20, 90] miles desired energy
*Current battery level is uniformly distributed between 0% to 30% of full battery energy.
*Energy needed is calculated based on demand the amount of charging periods (5 minute switch on/off intervals) for each electric vehicle
*Baseline System
1. Set up power
*Summer daily load profile sampled hourly.
*Baseline System
1. Set up power – contd.
*Peak ratio supplied power
*Penetration available power per hour available power per 5 minute
*Charge mode the number of electric vehicles that is able to be charged per 5 minute
*Daily power distribution power distribution for a period
*Baseline System
2. Realize the basic fairness scheme – Round Robin
*Round Robin based system works in the way that – If 20 cars waited to be charged, and the power company can merely charge 15, then in the first 5 minute it will charge cars 1 to 15, in the second cars 16 to 20 and 1 to 10, in the third cars 11 to 20 and 1 to 5, and so on so forth.
*Eventually each car receives the same charge.
*In real implementation, run round robin every 5 minute to achieve real-time coordination.
*Two cases: sufficient power/ insufficient power for all cars in the waiting list
*Baseline System
2. Round Robin algorithm
*Create a waiting list based upon arriving times of the cars that need to be charged.
*Check which of the two cases applied.
*Charge a fixed number of cars in the front of the waiting list.
*Update the cars’ information.
*Update the waiting list: adding new arrivals, removing the cars that finish charging and reordering the waiting list.
*Baseline System
3. Obtain some results using two metrics:
*Run the baseline system for successive days.
*Take the measurements from the day to ensure correct and reasonable initializations.
*Take the measurements till day to enforce all cars departing by the end of measurements, so that we can tell the particular delay for a car if its departure is delayed.
*Two metrics with tuned input arguments: number of days and penetration
*Results
*Results
*Results
*Any Question?
Thank you very much!