02 introdduction csn nov 2014

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CleanSeaNet Basic

Training for Duty OfficersIntroduction to CSN

Lisbon / November 2014

Earth Observation Services

Department C: Operations/C2.3


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Introduction to CSN

Contents

• Background

•

Service Overview• Service Chain

• Earth Observation Data Centre

• Results Overview

• Emergency Assistance

• Use Case

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European Maritime Safety Agency

• Post Erika (December 1999)

• 2002: EMSA established (Regulation

1406/2002) Regulatory Agency of the

European Community

Own legal identity

Extended mandate

After Prestige sinks off

Galicia, Spain – November, 2002

Background

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• Directive 2005/35/EC* of 7 September 2005 on ship-source pollution and on the

introduction of penalties, including criminal penalties, for pollution offences

Article 10

Accompanying measures

Legal basis

2. In accordance with its tasks as defined in Regulation (EC) No1406/2002, the European Maritime Safety Agency shall:

(a) work with the Member States in developing technicalsolutions and providing technical assistance in relation tothe implementation of this Directive, in actions such astracing discharges by satellite monitoring and

surveillance;(b) assist the Commission in the implementation of this Directive,

including, if appropriate, by means of visits to the MemberStates, in accordance with Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No1406/2002.

* as amended by Directive 2009/123/EC of 21 October 2009

Background


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•

CleanSeaNet is the European satellite oilpollution and vessel detection and monitoring

system

• Linked into national/regional response chain

to strength the operational pollution

surveillance and response to deliberate andaccidental spills.5

Service Overview


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Operational use of CleanSeaNet

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Routine monitoring of all European waters looking forillegal discharges:

• Detection of possible spills;• Detection of vessels;• Identification of polluters by combining CleanSeaNet and Vessel traffic

information, available through SafeSeaNet.

Results are passed to local authorities to supportenforcement actions.

• On site verification and follow-up• Inspection of suspected vessels in the next port of call->discharges might be legal, providing a MARPOL violation requirescomplementary evidence collected on site and/or in port.

Supporting response operations to accidental pollution• Drift modelling also available

Service Overview

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CleanSeaNet Fact Sheet

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• Based on the analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite images.

• Operational since April 2007.

• 2.100 analysed satellite images per year.

• 27 countries (22 EU coastal states, Iceland, Norway, Montenegro, andTurkey) - over 400 users.

• Complete service chain from the collection of coverage requirements to

the provision of operational results.

• Distributed Service-Network approach via regional service providers

(acquiring and processing satellite data) .• NRT: 30 minutes* end product delivery.

• Alert passed to response authorities (Coast Guard, Customs, Navy, ...).

* Satellite images are acquired in segments up to 1400 km long. 30 min are for a 400 km long image

Service Overview

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Earth Observation Data Centre

EMSA database management, quality control, operationalmonitoring

>>> 27 Coastal States > EU / EC


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Acquisition and

Processing

Oil Spill Analysis

&

Vessel DetectionProduct Processing

and Alert Generation

T0 = End of scene acquisition T = T0 + 30 min

P

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Service Chain

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CleanSeaNet

Service providers

EMSA

CleanSeaNet Data Centre

AnalysisResults

(Oil spills and

vessel

detection)

Phone and

email alert

(Alert Report)

High

Resolution

Images

Ancillary data

Near Real Time service – 30 min*

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Planning the satellite scenes Proposed acquisition schedule

Coverage requirementsdefined by Coastal States:

• Areas• #scenes per month

As an example, NL mayrequire 4 scenes per month

covering their waters.

Service Chain: planning

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— Acquisition is normally done by direct

real-time downlink when the satellite

passes through the Ground Station Mask.

—The main aim of the processing is to

make the raw radar data into a usable

image with adequate resolution, by

applying heavy digital processing and a

number of corrections;

— The final format is called Level1b or

Native1

Raw data

Image after rangecompression and rangemigration correction

Image afterazimuthcompression

Service Chain: acquisition and processing

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RADARSAT-2 is a Canadian polar-

orbiting SAR satellite, originally

launched by the Canadian Space

Agency however operated in a Public-

Private Partnership by a CanadianCompany, MacDonaldDettwiler

(MDA).

It is intended mostly for civilian use.

Orbits (North Pole - North Pole) havea duration of approx. 100 minutes.

Service Chain: satellites

Satellites used: RADARSAT-2 (RS-2)in CSN


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using the GEANT/NREN

Network

Azores

Brest

Grimstad

Svalbard

Tromso

MateraLisbon

Network of ground stations RS-2

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Service Chain: ground stations

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Service Chain: network of ground stations RS-2

Service Chain

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Spatial coverage of Alert Areas

• Alert Areas

• Ground Station Mask

Service Chain

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Extended network of ground stations RS-2

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New stations available with new Framework Contracts

• La Reunion • Prince Albert, Gatineau

• Miami

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Service Chain

Available RS2 Imaging Modes


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60° N

50° N

40° N

CleanSeaNet Temporal Coverage:

ENVISAT: From 2 images per week in the South to nearly 1 per day in the North

RADARSAT 1 or RADARSAT 2: From 3 images per week in the South to morethan 1 per day in the North

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80

Latitude

F r e q u e n c y

p e r d a yENVISAT

RADARSAT 1 or 2

ScanSAR Narrow0.82

0.59

0.42

0.29

0.27

1.24

0.82

0.54

0.48

0.44 C o v e r a g

e

o f e a c h

p o i n t - F r e q u e n c y

p e r d a y

ENVISATWideSwath

RADARSAT 1 +

RADARSAT 2

ScanSARNarrow

Service Chain

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Service Chain: CSK Usage in CSN

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COSMO-SkyMed is a

constellation of 4 satellites

funded by the Italian Ministry

of Research and Ministry of

Defense, and conducted by the

Italian Space Agency (ASI),intended for both military and

civilian use. Orbits (North Pole

to North Pole) have a duration

of approx. 100 minutes.



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• The satellites carry X-band SAR sensors, and provide incidence angles and imagetypes which are adequate for oil spill monitoring and vessel detection;

• Timing of acquisitions are similar to Radarsat: around 6:00 AM Local Time forascending passes and 6:00 PM Local Time for descending;

• With an orbit cycle of 16 days (4 acquisitions with same orbit direction, samelook side, same incidence angle) and left and right look capability => higherrevisit capacity than with Radarsat;

•

Our Service Providers now operate 2 stations: in addition to Matera, nowagreement with Sodankyla, operated by the Finnish Meteorological Service(FMI):

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Service Chain


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Footprint of the Matera station Footprint of Sodankyla station

An extra time (less than 2 minutes for ScanSAR Wide or Huge) for data transfer to

Matera, for analysis, is needed.

Network of ground stations CSK


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Service Chain

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HUGEREGION WIDEREGION HIMAGE PINGPONG

SPOTLIGHT

SCANSAR

STRIPMAP

MODE-2

10 x 10 km40 km 30 km100 km200 km Swath

Swath

Flight Direction

30 m

100 m

5 m

15 m

1 m

Resolution (multi-look)

HHVV

HH+VVHH+HVVV+VH

HHHVVHVV

PolarizationHHHVVHVV

HHHVVHVV

Available CSK Imaging Modes


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Service Chain

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Revisit Frequency


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Present ESA Sentinel 1 High Level Operation Plan

• Only low frequency updates ofthe HLOP (~yearly)

• EMSA will have together with

Copernicus services highest

priority

• over 80 images will be taken per

day over the indicated sea areas

(CSN ~7/day)

scenes of one full orbit revisit

cycle of 12 days13th CleanSeaNet User Group 12-13 February 2014 – Lisbon

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CONTRACTED SATELLITES (launch dates):- ENVISAT (01/03/2002)

- RADARSAT 1 (04/11/1995)

- RADARSAT 2 (14/12/2007)

- COSMOSKYMED 1-4 (05/11/2010 last satellite)

- SENTINEL-1A(03/04/2014) is not yet fully integrated in the

service

SATELLITEPRODUCT

IDENTIFICATIONDescription

Resolution(Range xAzimuth,meters)

Spacing(Pixel x Line,

meters)

Area Coverage(Range x

Azimuth, km)

ENVISAT ASAR _WSWide Swath Mode medium-

resolution150 x 150 75 x 75 405 x 405

RADARSAT-1 RS1_SNA ScanSAR Narrow A 50 x 50 25 x 25 300 x 300

RADARSAT-2 RS2_SCW ScanSAR Wide 100 x 100 50 x 50 500 x 500

RADARSAT-2 RS2_SNA ScanSAR Narrow 50 x 50 25 x 25 300 x 300

COSMOSKYMED CSK-HR ScanSAR HUGE 100 x 100 50 x 50 200 x 200

COSMOSKYMED CSK-WR ScanSAR Wide30 x 30 15 x 15 100 x 100

Table of main satellite products used in CSN:

Service Chain: main SAR products

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Other products that can be processed by the EO Data Centre, for specific maritime

applications

SATELLITEPRODUCT

IDENTIFICATIONDescription

Resolution(Range xAzimuth,meters)

Spacing(Pixel x Line,

meters)

Area Coverage(Range x

Azimuth, km)

RADARSAT-2 RS2_S Standard Mode 25 x 25 12.5 x 12.5 100 x 100

RADARSAT-2 RS2_MF Multi Look Fine 10 x 10 5 x 5 50 x 50

RADARSAT-2 RS2_UF Ultra Look Fine 3 x 3 1.5 x 1.5 20 x 20

COSMOSKYMED CSK-STR StripMap HImage 5 x 5 2.5 x 2.5 40 x 40

Sentinel-1 products products that will be processed by the EO Data Centre

Swath High resolution (HR) Medium resolution (MR)

Sentinel 1 Interferometric Wide Swath 250 km 20 m / 822 MByte 90 m / 52 MByte

Sentinel 1 Extended Wide Swath 410 km 50 m / 504 MByte 90 m / 199 MByte

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Service Chain: main SAR products


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The service allows the use of

segments of variable length up to

1400 km long

Service Chain

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Planning one month RS2


Typical RS-2 planning for one month

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Typical CSK planning for one month


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• Service Providers (SP) Operators, supported by SW tools, manually inspect the images in NRT

• Use AIS data, wind and sea state information and other ancillary information like bathymetry,

platforms and wrecks layers, etc.

AIS data wind and sea

state

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Service Chain: oil spill analysis


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1. Look for ongoing discharges and report them immediately for catching

polluter “red-handed”

2. Proceed to detailed analysis of the full image and whenever an oil spill

is detected:

• Characterize the spill: position, shape (polygon), area, length• Set the confidence level of the detection: Class A (higher confidence) or Class

B (lower confidence)

• Identify possible polluters

• Assess image quality

Based on the Class of the oil spill (A or B) and on further rules configures by theCoastal States considering the impact and the culprit of the spill, the spills are assigned

an alert level: red, yellow or green.

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Service Chain: oil spill analysis


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What additional information can we have about vessels?

- LRIT- AIS /SAT-AIS- VDS- SAR detections

In CleanSeaNet, AIS from SafeSeaNet is used for polluter identification

AIS:

- Anti-collision system- Mandatory for all passenger ships, ships over 500 gross tones, ships

over 300 gross tones in international trips, fishing vessels over 15meters (2014).

-Based on GPS and VHF-Position is broadcasted

- Positions reported at least every 6 minutes

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Service Chain: polluter identification


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3

• Ship detected on SAR image (Bright Spot)

• Possible spill matches the track of the vessel

• Vessel identified using AIS information

1

2

3

Remark: Similar vessels in vicinity at similar course and speed => not a wake

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Service Chain: polluter identification


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Vessel Detection and SAR wind/sea state

SP Operators also monitor the automatic generation of vessel detection and SAR

extracted wind/sea state information

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Service Chain: ancillary layers


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Oil Modelling

Since latest release, we have oil spill modelling in place. Users can select

available models for the area, run them with specific parameters and

display the results as an animation.

Service Chain: ancillary layers


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Earth Observation Data Centre

>>> 26 Coastal States


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•

The Earth Observation Data Centre (EO DC) is the core of the service and ishosted at EMSA premises

• Central element for data reception, management, storage, archiving, fusion and

dissemination to the users

• Currently, we have EO DC release version 1.7

• The service is provided to the end-user by means of:

– The CSN Web Portal at:https://csndc.emsa.europa.eu/group/cleanseanet/homepage

– Alert phone calls performed by EMSA 24/7 MSS Duty Officers (optional)

– Alert emails containing pdf documents, the alert reports

IMPORTANT: Portal and Alerting are independent mechanisms; it is possible for

example to have the Portal unavailable and still receive the alert emails

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Earth Observation Data Center


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• EO scenes (SAR images, Ice Maps…)

• Oil spills and Detected vessels

• AIS data, Feedbacks, Model data

•Static Ancillary Data

• Planning Information

• General Information and Documents

• User and Configuration data

EO-DC

Service Providers

Modellers

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Alerts (email with pdf report, phone call)


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Example of a report



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4141


Optical Images can be ingested as well


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• The EO Portal provides a single-point interface for:

User Management

Planning

Service Results Visualization

Feedback Provision Alert Configuration

Communication platform among CSN community

•

Each user requires a personal login account• Users can belong to different user groups, what they “see” and can do

depends on their role(s)

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CleanSeaNet detections 16 April 2007 - 31 January 2011

8,866 detections – 2,828 checked – 745 confirmed (80% mineral oil)

EO Data Centre: Results Overview

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• Spills weather out rapidly => TIME IS CRITICAL

• Timely Use of Aerial Surveillance essential for: Catching polluters in the act Collecting on-site actionable evidence (can also be collected in port)

Statistics on CSNdetections

Checked within 3 hours50% confirmed


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CleanSeaNet 1st Generation (16 April 2007 - 31 January 2011)

Rate of confirmation

50% of spills checked by aircraft within 3 hours of satellite acquisition were confirmed

Checked < 3 h Confirmed

2009 169 86 51%

2010 137 66 48%

2011 5 2 40%

Grand Total 311 154 50%


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• EMSA provides support in the case of oil spill emergency upon request of:

– National Maritime Administrations;

– Emergency Response Coordination Centre of DG ECHO (ERCC).

• Satellite images are provided via:

– CleanSeaNet emergency ordering;

– International Charter for Space and Major Disasters.

• In case the Charter is activated by the MIC, EMSA acts as Project Manager co-

ordinating the provision of satellite images to National Administrations.

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Emergency Assistance


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Monitoring the spill in Irish waters - February 2009

© ESA (European Space Agency)/EMSA 2009

• CSN alert on four possible

oil slicks sent to Irish Coast

Guard and to MCA on

14/02/09

• Mineral oil spill (at least

300m³ of heavy fuel oil)

confirmed by aerial

surveillance

• Spill was due to failure

during refueling at sea

operation involving Russian

Navy vessels

• 7 satellite imagesacquired over the area

• Oil still visible on

27/02/2009


E A i t


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Access to other sensors via GMES for emergency support

TerraSarX 25/02/2010 17/15 UTC• CosmoSkyMed

• TerraSarX

• Medium and High resolution Imagery

Example: support to French authorities in

February 2010:

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Use Case: caught by CleanSeaNet


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1. CleanSeaNet detection on 25 February 2012 in UK territorial waters. UK Coast

Guard contacts vessel.

2. Master indicates a tank cleaning operation of palm oil that stopped at 13.5

nautical miles from the coast

3. CleanSeaNet clearly shows the ship discharging within the 12 nautical miles

limit

4. Company pleads guilty

5. Fined £15,000 + £7,500 costs

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Using CleanSeaNet


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CleanSeaNet Conditions of Use

Obligations regarding follow-up, verification and feedback:

4.7 The Participating State will ensure follow-up on CleanSeaNet detections and verify spills as extensively as possible. Therefore, the Participating State will take the coordinated satellite monitoring schedule into account f

or the planning of national or regional response, monitoring and surveillance resources (e.g. aircrafts, vessels).4.8 As feedback is essential for monitoring quality and improving service reliability, the Participating State will

provide information regarding verification of possible oil spills reported by CleanSeaNet.4.9 The Participating State will provide information on observed spills that, although visible on the satellite image,

were not reported by CleanSeaNet.

In addition, the Participating State may provide information to the system on other spills detected by anysurveillance means.

Specific data access conditions

6.1 Some CleanSeaNet products available via the CleanSeaNet User Portal are subject to special “End User License”conditions and/or restricted “Access Rights” which have to be followed by the Participating State.

6.2 Special end users license conditions and access rights policy for CleanSeaNet products currently available in

CleanSeaNet are published on the CleanSeaNet User Portal.

Using CleanSeaNet

Using CleanSeaNet


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Entry point at EMSA:

for problems with a specific service, during operationalactivities, please contact EMSA 24/7 MSS Duty Officersby email or phone:

[email protected]

+351 21 1209 415

For general support, quality issues, information, issuereporting or features request:

[email protected]

Using CleanSeaNet


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Thanks for your participation.

Any questions: [email protected]

emsa.europa.eu