NutriFair – Bioenergi konference 15.-16.01.2020

Bæredygtig biogas i et Europæisk perspektiv

- Exemplified by producing 4-times higher volume of biogas by utilizing

sustainable biomass

by

Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen, Aalborg University, DK

Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen, Ph.D.

Head of Center for Bioenergy og Green Engineering

Department of Energy Technology,

Aalborg University, Denmark

Niels Bohrs vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg

Cell; +45 2166 2511

E-mail: jhn@et.aau.dk

www.et.aau.dk; www.aau.dk ~ search JBHN;

1

2

Animal manure

– from an agricultural problem

to a society resource!

Biogas for a sustainable clean environment

and renewable energy production

BIOFERTILISER

ANIMAL

MANURE

CHP-GENERATION

BIOGAS AS VEHICLE FUELBIOGAS

PLANTORGANIC WASTE

H2O

CO2

O2

LIGHT

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Source: JBHN/TAS

3

Energy potential of pig and cattle manure in EU-27

Total

manureBiogas Methane Potential Potential

[106 tons][106

m3][106 m3] [PJ] [Mtoe]

1,578 31,568 20,519 827 18.5

Methane heat of combustion: 40.3 MJ/m3; 1 Mtoe = 44.8 PJ

Assumed methane content in biogas: 65%

Actual 2010 production of biogas in EU 27: 10 Mtoe

2012-2015 EU forecast 15 Mtoe

Manure potentials 18.5-20 Mtoe

Organic waste and byproducts 15-20 Mtoe

Crops and crop residuals 20-30 Mtoe

Total long term forcast Biogas 60 MtoeBiogas can cover 1/3 of EU’s total RES 20% demands year 2020

Biogas

Production &

Forecast:

4

5

GIS Mapping of Manure in

Europe

6 Cheap Carbon

Sources

European detailed

GIS mapping of

manure

Left: 1000t manure in

TS Availability 2030

Right: Million tonnes

of MTOE

Availability 2030

Source: JBHN-AKM, AAU,DK

7

Left: Grassland

products

Availability 2030Units MTOE

Right: Straw products

Availability 2030Units MTOE

Source: JBHN-AKM, AAU,DK

”Engen er agerens moder”

(Meadows - the ”mother” of arable land)

8

Meadow Livestock Manure Crops

9

Nature conservation-

Biogas projects

Energy

EnvironmentBiodiversity

10

11

12

13

14

NGF-Holsted deep-litter

Feeding system,

2 X-choppers (Xergi), 2016

16

17

Developing flexible straw

feeding. Poldanor, Poland,

2016

Full-feeder mixing System –

System Vogelsang: solids chopped

and mixed into liquids. Ribe Biogas A/S,

2016

18

AD Co-digestion -

heterogeneous

feedstock’s

- Manure

- Food waste

- Organic by-products

- Crops

19

20

Conclusion: - ongoing learning

• Cheap carbon sources; identify feedstocks on location – regional.

- But it have to be cheap and sustaiable!

• Manure of any kind; including solid manure types

• Straw and lignocellulosic byproducts incl. bagasse (Brazil!)

• Grassland products from nature, extensive & intensiv farming

• Organic food waste and organic wasted byproducts

• Industrial organic waste streams and byproducts. Recycling

• Aquatic algaes macro/micro & byproducts (have to be

developed

21

Thank you!

Spørgsmål,

kommentarer og diskussion

ordet frit!

22

Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen, M.Sc., Ph.D.

Head of Center for Bioenergy and Green Engineering

Aalborg University – Esbjerg CampusNiels Bohrsvej 8, K-6700 EsbjergDenmark. www.et.aau.dkPhone: +45 21 66 25 11e-mail: jhn@et.aau.dk

23

Biogas fast

Gasgrid integration24

Busline 5C Copenhagen - 20 mill. Passengers/year- change from Diesel to Upgraded Biomethan April 2017 and much more on the move

25

Nature Energy – Biogas PlantsBiogas is becoming a central part of the Renewable Energy supply mix in the future. NFG-Holsted biogas plant

is supplyed with sustanable biomasses from local animal farming units, cheap carbon sources like deep litter as

well as food waste. The large volume of produced biogas is further processed, cleaned, upgraded and injected

into the national Danish Gas-grid. Read more at www.natureenergy.dk;

NFG- Nature Energy

ltd. is the biggest

biogas constuction

and owner company

in Denmark

26

THE KORSKRO CASE

• 710.000 tons of biomass per. Year

• Currently the biggest in DK and EU

• 85% residues from agriculture

• Cattle Manure

• Pig Manure

• Mink Manure

• 15% Municipal and Industrial Residues

• MSW

• Slaughterhouse Waste

• Deep litter from husbandries

• 7 x 9000m3 Reactor Tanks

• Gas Cleaning and Upgrading Systems

• Highly Automated

• 22 mio. m3 biomethane per. Year

• 100 farmers in the supplier association

27

28

2

Biogas CO2 is a low hanging fruit

©2018 Pentair | Confidential property of Pentair. Do not reproduce without express permission of Pentair.

•Biogas has been taken to next level•6,000 Nm3 biogas plant•48 tpd CO2 recovery

•Upgrading both Methane and CO2

is an environmental gain:• Methane can be utilized on gas grid• CO2 can be utilized for different

purposes:• Food grade• Green houses• Fire fighting• Welding

New reliable sources arisesBiogas case: Strandmøllen/Korskro29

3

Project Strandmøllen process flow30

The largest biogas plant of it’s kind

©2018 Pentair | Confidential property of Pentair. Do not reproduce without express permission of Pentair.

Liquid

CO2

Booster H2S Water CO2 Dehydrator CO2Scrub COS filter Destillation Refrigerant Storage

Blower Filter Scrubber Compressor column Outlet/inlet tank

4

Biogas CO2 is a low hanging fruit

©2018 Pentair | Confidential property of Pentair. Do not reproduce without express permission of Pentair.

• Per 1.000 Nm3 biogas =>

• Normal split: 60% Methane + 40 % CO2

• 40% CO2 = approx. 800 kg/h CO2

• Petrol car emission factor 0,1185 CO2/km (https://www.transportenvironment.org/what-we-do/cars-and-co2)

• The CO2 emission from 1.000 Nm3 biogas is equal to a driving distance

of 6.750 km each and every hour in a modern cars

Reuse all the available sourcesBiogas example:

31

Conclusion: - ongoing learning

• Cheap carbon sources; identify feedstocks on location – regional.

- But it have to be cheap and sustaiable!

• Manure of any kind; including solid manure types

• Straw and lignocellulosic byproducts incl. bagasse (Brazil!)

• Grassland products from nature, extensive & intensiv farming

• Organic food waste and organic wasted byproducts

• Industrial organic waste streams and byproducts. Recycling

• Aquatic algaes macro/micro & byproducts (have to be

developed

32