©2006 pearson education, inc. publishing as longman publishers 1865-1877 created equal jones wood ...
TRANSCRIPT
©2006 PEARSON EDUCATION, INC. Publishing as Longman Publishers
1865-1877
CREATED EQUAL
JONES WOOD MAY BORSTELMANN RUIZ
CHAPTER 15 In the Wake of War:
Consolidating a Triumphant Union
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“The Black Hills belong to me. If the whites try to take them, I will fight.”
Sitting Bull
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TIMELINE1865 Freedman’s Bureau
Andrew Johnson, President
Thirteenth Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment passed
Sherman promises 40 acres and a mule
1866 Ku Klux Klan formed
The Mineral Act
The Southern Homestead Act
The Equal Rights Association
The National Labor Union founded
1867 Reconstruction Act passed by Congress
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TIMELINE
1868 Ulysses S. Grant elected President
Custer’s massacre at Washita River
Burlingame Treaty
1869 Fifteenth Amendment passed
1871 Ku Klux Klan Act passed by Congress
Whitman’s “Democratic Vistas”
1872 The Apex Mining Act
Yellowstone Park created
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TIMELINE
1873 The Timbur Culture Act
Nationwide Depression
1875 Civil Rights Act
1876 Presidential Election (Tilden-Hayes)
1877 Desert Land Act
1878 Greenback Labor Party formed
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IN THE WAKE OF WAR Overview
The Struggle over the SouthClaiming Territory for the UnionThe Republican Vision and Its
Limits
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THE STRUGGLE OVER THE SOUTH
Wartime Preludes to Postwar PoliciesPresidential Reconstruction, 1865–1867The Southern Postwar Labor ProblemBuilding Free CommunitiesLandscapes and Soundscapes of FreedomCongressional, or “Radical,” ReconstructionThe Remarkable Career of Blanche K. Bruce
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Wartime Preludes to Postwar Policies
Rehearsals for RestorationThe Sea Islands of Port Royal Sound, South CarolinaNew Orleans, southern Louisiana
Pledges and OathsThe Ten Percent Plan: New government for states for 10%
pledge of allegiance
The Wade-Davis Bill: Required majority to take loyalty vote
The Freedmen’s Bureau
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Presidential Reconstruction, 1865–1867
Andrew Johnson’s proclamationsReport on the Condition of the SouthBlack codes
State laws with vague provisions used to imprison blacks or enforce labor
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Presidential Reconstruction
The Thirteenth AmendmentThe Fourteenth AmendmentCarpetbaggers and scalawagsKu Klux KlanNovember, 1866: Republicans gain
majority in both houses
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The Southern Postwar Labor Problem
The Freedman’s BureauLiaison between freed people and southern whitesFree labor system with annual contracts
General Sherman’s Field Order Number 15Forty acres and a mule
Sharecroppers
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Building Free Communities
The new orderPublic accommodation lawsBlack conventionsThe ability to vote, own land, and educate
childrenSelf-help organizations and black churchesValued family ties
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Radical Reconstruction
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Landscapes and Soundscapes of Freedom
The new black communitiesTheir own churches, black soldiers, fashionably
dressed black womenSounds of black celebrations, “Day of Jubilee”
Reaction of some whites to silence the new communitiesSavannah, GA: closed parksEmerging Ku Klux Klan
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Congressional Reconstruction: The Radicals’ Plan
Reconstruction Act of 1867, Tenure of Office Act, Command of the Army ActDenied vote to thousands of former
confederatesConfederate states must ratify 14th
amendment to be in UnionGuaranteed black men the vote
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Congressional Reconstruction: The Radicals’ Plan
Union Leagues and black elected officialsJohnson impeachment: 1868Grant elected in November, 1868The Fifteenth Amendment
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Radical Reconstruction
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The Remarkable Career of Blanche K. Bruce
Born in 1841, as a slave taught himself to read, escaped slavery, established first school for blacks, went to college (although unable to afford to continue), voter registrar to U.S. Senator, and wealthy landowner.
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CLAIMING TERRITORY FOR THE UNION
Federal Military Campaigns Against Western Indians
The Postwar Western Labor ProblemLand Use in an Expanding NationBuying Territory for the Union
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Federal Military Campaigns Against Western Indians
1871: Federal government seeks to subdue Native Americans
Railroad expansionThe Native American struggle
Geronimo Custer’s massacre at Washita river Red Cloud’s peace delegations Sitting Bull: “The Black Hills belong to me.” The Little Big Horn
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Plains Indian Wars, 1865–1900
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The Postwar Western Labor Problem
1865: Central Pacific goes eastCentral Pacific imports Chinese laborers1867: 5000 Chinese laborers strike1870: 40,000 Chinese in California and less
70,000 Indians
Agribusiness’ growth in the West
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Land Use in an Expanding Nation
The Santa Fe RingRailroads, minerals, and cattleThe Apex Mining Act of 1872The National Parks system
John Muir and Jay Cooke
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Buying Territory for the Union
America expandingThe Alaska purchase
$7.2 million for 591,004 acres full of fish, timber, minerals, and water power
The failed annexation of the Dominican Republic
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THE REPUBLICAN VISION AND ITS LIMITS
Postbellum Origins of the Woman Suffrage Movement
Worker’s OrganizationsPolitical Corruption and the
Demise of Republican Idealism
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Postbellum Origins of the Woman Suffrage Movement
1866: Equal Rights Association1869: National Woman Suffrage
AssociationStanton, Anthony, Stone, and Truth1872: Victoria Woodhull forms Equal
Rights Party and runs for President
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Worker’s Organizations
1867: National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry
1866: National Labor Union1868: Colored National Labor Union1869: Knights of Labor1878: Greenback Labor Party
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Political Corruption and the Decline of
Republican Idealism1870’s: Tweed and Tammany Hall1872: Crédit Mobilier and Congress1875: Whiskey Ring1876: The Hayes-Tilden compromise
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The Compromise of 1877