Cardio respiratory systemCardio respiratory system

CONSISTS OF -CONSISTS OF -

Heart - pump Blood vessels - transport system Blood - contains oxygen, nutrients

& waste products Lungs - where gas exchange takes

place

HEART AND LUNGSHEART AND LUNGS

BLOOD CIRCULATIONBLOOD CIRCULATION

CARDIOVASCULAR CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMSYSTEM

ARTERIES:- high pressure distribution circuit.

VEINS:- low pressure return system.

CAPILLARIES:- exchange vessels.

It provides the muscles with a continuous stream of nutrients and oxygen so that energy output can be maintained at all times.

Blood supply to the heartBlood supply to the heartThe heart is a muscle which requires it's own supply of blood to function.

It is supplied by the coronary arteries

Unhealthy lifestyle causes narrowing of these arteries resulting in angina or a heart attack.

ArteriesArteries

An artery contains a number of layerswhich give it strength. It is also elasticso it can even out the rise and fall inblood pressure with each heartbeat. The

blood therefore flows relatively smoothly.

With old age and lack of exercise arteries may become less elastic and this in part, may explain why blood pressure rises with age.

Arteries branch into smaller vessels called arterioles which in turn, connect to the capillaries.

EFFECT OF EXERCISEEFFECT OF EXERCISE

EACH heart beats a certain amount of blood = stroke volume

Stroke volume can & does vary

The number of heart beats a minute= heart rate

Heart rate can & does vary

The volume of blood pumped per minute = cardiac output

Cardiac output always remains the same

EFFECT OF EXERCISEEFFECT OF EXERCISE

As you become fitter the amount ofblood pumped with each beat (stroke volume ) increases and because more blood is being pumped the heart rate decreases i.e. lower pulse rate

EFFECT OF EXERCISEEFFECT OF EXERCISE

When exercising you need more (O2)and produce more (CO2).

To supply the above heart rate increases.

Therefore - unfit - out of breath, slowing down, stopping.

Fit - train for longer before tired.

EFFECT OF EXERCISEEFFECT OF EXERCISE

HOW DO WE IMPROVEHOW DO WE IMPROVE

22O - age x 65% to 85% =training H.R. during exercise

3 - 4 times per week

Minimum 20 - 30 mins per session

6 - 8 weeks for a training effect

Mitochondria will significantly increaseenabling the body to use more oxygen

WEIGHT LOSSWEIGHT LOSS

If unfit or overweight then use :-

long duration, low intensity exercise

60% M.H.R. for over 45 mins

However as fitness improves the individual should then begin to work (exercise) at a higher intensity

Cardio respiratory systemCardio respiratory system