1. 1. CHAPTER 2 PAINTING Prepared by: Roger B. Trajano Instructor
2. 2. Definition Painting is the art of applying pigments to a surface in order to present a picture of the subject. The painter must have chosen his methods: realism, surrealism, abstractionism, etc.
3. 3. Medium 1. Oil and fresco used to be the favorite mediums of great painters in the second half of the last millennium. 2. Acrylic and poster colors, which are readily available in book stores and department stores. 3. Watercolor, tempera, pastel, acrylic, and encaustic.
4. 4. Oil Oil painting is done with the use of ground pigments (from minerals, coal tar, vegetable matter, etc.) Oil paintings are long-lasting, slow in drying, easy to handle. Oil paints are applied in either of two ways: 1. The direct method, in which the paints are opaque and once they are applied on the surface; and 2. The indirect method, in which the paints are transparent and they are applied in many thin layers or coatings.
5. 5. Fernando Amorsolos Oil Paintings Farmer Angelus Countryside Scene Barrio Fiesta Tinikling Dance
6. 6. Vicente Manansalas Oil Paintings Prayer Before MealsFruit Vendor with Twin Sons
7. 7. Tam Austrias Oil Painting Lito Balagtas Oil Painting Philippine Madonna and ChildFishermans Family
8. 8. Fresco Fresco (Italian for Fresh) painting is done with the use of earth pigments mixed with water and applied to fresh plaster or glue which attaches the color to the surface like a wall. 1. When the plaster is wet, the painting is described as buon fresco or true fresco. 2. On the other hand, when the plaster is dry the painting is described as fresco secco or dry fresco. Note: The Fresco paintings are durable. It is quick to dry. Fresco paintings are not movable because they are permanently attached to the walls; and fresco paintings are subject to loss in the event that the walls are destroyed.
9. 9. Michelangelo Buonarroti The Creation of Man The Fall of Man Michelangelo, Sistine Chapel showing Michelangelo's ceiling fresco, The Vatican, Rome
10. 10. Leonardo da Vinci The Last Supper
11. 11. Water Color Water color is done with the use of pigments mixed with water and applied to fine white paper. Tempera Tempera paintings is done with the use of ground pigments mixed with an albuminous or colloidal vehicle (egg yolk, gum, glue, or casein).
12. 12. Watercolor Painting of Vicente Manansala Balut Vendors
13. 13. Tempera Painting "World Bird" -Jen Delyth
14. 14. Pastel Pastel painting is done with the use of pastel colors closely resembling dry pigments bound to form crayons, which are directly applied to the surface Acrylic Acrylic painting is done with the use synthetic paints called acrylics mixed with a vehicle capable of being thinned with water. Encaustic Encaustic painting is done with the use of hot wax as a vehicle to bind pigments to a wooden panel or a wall.
15. 15. Pastel Painting Autumn Lake Pastel Painting Encaustic Painting "Water Fountain Acrylic Painting" The Fayum Mummy Portraits"
16. 16. Subjects There are so many subjects that can be presented in painting. 1. The Prehistoric men painted animals. on walls of caves. 2. The Early Egyptians painted fragments of life stories of the pharaohs. 3. The Greeks and Romans were so fond of their male and female deities. 4. The Renaissance painters did portraits of Mary and Jesus and depicted biblical stories.
17. 17. Portraiture Portraits are pictures of men and women singly or collectively. Thus, paintings of mens faces, if not their entire bodies, became a hit. Sad to say, it was the elite, particularly the kings and the noblemen, who could afford the services of good painters.
18. 18. Portraiture Vincent van Gogh Self-Portrait Photograph of a Two Children Princess Anne and Prince Charles
19. 19. Animals and Plants In the early stages of mens development (hunting and food-gathering), his first encounters were with animals and plants. Because of this constant contact with and their interest in these living organisms, The earliest paintings discovered in several caves in Europe were those of animals.
20. 20. Still Life Still life is a painting of an inanimate object or a non-living thing placed on a table or another setting. A basket of fruits, a bag of groceries, a pack of cigarettes, a bunch of flowers and a bucket of chicken are examples of still life.
21. 21. Animals and Plants Still Life A bone fragment at least 13,000 years, with an engraved image of a mammoth or mastodon were discovered in Florida Fruit Basket
22. 22. Country Life Local events such as a barrio fiesta, a fluvial parade, a bountiful rice harvest, a big catch of fishes, and a natural calamity are exciting painting subjects.
23. 23. Landscape Any of the water form can be the subject of a seascape painting. These water forms include the ocean, the sea, the river, the lake, the brook, the pond, the falls, and the like.
24. 24. Cityscape An aerial view of a city or a portion of it can be the subject of a cityscape painting.
25. 25. Country Life Barrio FiestaFarmer Tinikling Dance Countryside Scene The Bathers Mother and Child
26. 26. Seascape Painting Cityscape Painting "Coastal Magic II" A Cool Day at the Shops
27. 27. Event Events are among the favorite subjects of painters. The Spoliarium and the Blood Compact of Juan Luna and the Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace of Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo are examples of such subjects. Moses Commanding the Red Sea to Divide is another illustration.
28. 28. Religious Items Religious objects are as commonly used subjects today as they were during the Medieval and Renaissance Periods.
29. 29. Other Mythological, Fictional, and cartoon characters are also favorite subjects for painting, and objects dear to the painters are common subjects.
30. 30. Event Painting Juan Lunas Spoliarium Juan Lunas Blood Compact Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace Moses Commanding the Red Sea to Divide
31. 31. Tools 1. The brush or the brushes- assorted brushes are used to have variety of strokes. 2. The palette, the palette knife or spatula- is the one that contains or holds the painting medium. The palette knife is used to mix colors on the palette and sometimes to add colors to and to scrape or remove colors from the painting surface 3. The easel -is the frame that supports the painting; it usually has three legs.
32. 32. Tools use in Painting Brushes Palette Knife for used Small Painting Spatula used Large PaintingPalette Easel
33. 33. History Prehistoric Period All cultures and dates back to the time of the prehistoric men who produced their own artifacts. Egyptians created paintings to make the burials site for example the pyramid. The oldest known paintings believed to be about 32, 000 years old are found in the France and depict animals. There are also cave paintings of antelopes in Altamira, Spain.
34. 34. Greek Period Ancient Greece had great painters who were then regarded as manual laborers. Paintings found in pottery and ceramics give a glimpse of the way of life of ancients Greeks.
35. 35. Roman Period Roman painting exhibits important characteristics of its own. These qualities are evident in the only surviving Roman paintings, that is, the wall paintings from villas in Campania, Southern Italy.
36. 36. Prehistoric Period The pyramid for the dead pharaoh oldest known paintings believed to be about 32, 000 years old Paleolithic Cave Art was found in Altamira Cave (Spain) dating 18,500 years ago. Altamira was the first cave discovered to have prehistoric paintings In the late 1800's an amateur archaeologist was led by his 9 yr old daughter to find this cave Naturally, this was a very popular place for visitors, however, the carbon dioxide from breathing in the close confines of the cave began to deteriorate the paintings between 1960's and 70's and the cave was closed to the public for its preservation and historic value. A replica cave was constructed nearby for viewing and completed in 2001. The "Time Line" is as follows (courtesy
37. 37. Greek Period Zeuxis and Parrhasius Apelles
38. 38. Medieval Period The middle ages saw the rise of Christianity, which brought about a different spirit and aim to painting styles. Placing great emphasis on retaining traditional iconography and style.
39. 39. Renaissance Period Considered the golden age of painting, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti, and Raphael are among the great Italian artists who reflected the revolution of ideas and science during this period through their paintings.
40. 40. Baroque Period The Baroque period produced paintings with dramatic light and shade, violent composition, and exaggerated emotion.
41. 41. Byzantine Period Renaissance Period Baroque Period Caravaggi o Rembrand t Rubens Velazquez Poussin Vermeer, Le Nain La Tour Renaissance Period Painters Byzantine Painting Baroque Period Painters
42. 42. Classical Period The Classical refers to the art of ancient Greece and Rome; it can also mean an art that is based on a carefully organized arrangement of parts, with special emphasis on balance and proportion (Russell, 1984).
43. 43. Rococo Period The painting during this period is characterized as lighter than that of the Baroque, often frivolous, and erotic.
44. 44. Romantic Period The fall of the Rococo style gave rise to a new movement which shifted its attention toward landscape and nature, as well as the human figure and the supremacy of natural order above mankinds will.
45. 45. Classical Period The material remains of the ancient Greek and Roman worlds
46. 46. Rococo Period Antoine Watteau Embarkation for Cythera
47. 47. Francois Boucher Toilette of Venus Francois Boucher The Triumph of Venus
48. 48. Fragonard The Stolen Kiss Fragonard The Swing
49. 49. Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (March 5, 1696 March 27, 1770), also known as Gianbattista or Giambattista Tiepolo, was an Italian painter and printmaker from the Republic of Venice. He was prolific, and worked not only in Italy, but also in Germany and Spain. Thomas Gainsborough English painter, one of the greatest masters of the English school in portraiture, and only less so in landscape, was born at Sudbury, Suffolk, in the spring of 1727. His father, who carried on the business of a woollen crape-maker in that town, was of a respectable character and family, and was noted for his skill in fencing; his mother excelled in flower-painting, and encouraged her son in the use of the pencil. There were nine children of the marriage, two of the Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin (2 November 1699 6 December 1779) was an 18th- century French painter. He is considered a master of still life, and is also noted for his genre paintings which depict kitchen maids, children, and domestic activities. Carefully balanced composition, soft diffusion of light, and granular impasto characterize his work.
50. 50. Romantic Period Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (29 August 1780 14 January 1867) was a French Neoclassical painter. Although he considered himself to be a painter of history in the tradition of Nicolas Poussin and Jacques-Louis David, by the end of his life it was Ingres's portraits, both painted and drawn, that were recognized as his greatest legacy. Jacques-Louis David (30 August 1748 29 December 1825) was an influential French painter in the Neoclassical style, considered to be the preeminent painter of the era. In the 1780s his cerebral brand of history painting marked a change in taste away from Rococo frivolity toward a classical austerity and severity, heightened feeling chiming with the moral climate of the final years of the Ancien Rgime.
51. 51. Jacques-Louis David Equestrian portrait of Stanisaw Kostka Potocki (1781) Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres The Envoys of Agammemnon, 1801, oil on canvas, cole des Beaux Arts, Paris
52. 52. Realist and Naturalist Period The realists and naturalists, headed by Gustave Courbet, who used light, shade, color, and perspective to reproduce as closely as possible the appearance of objects in nature (Russell, 1984).
53. 53. Impressionist Period A painting style that tried to capture the quality of light as it plays across landscapes and figures.
54. 54. Realist and Naturalist Period THE EXPRESSIONIST AND THEIR MASTERPIECE Vincent Willem van Gogh (30 March 1853 29 July 1890) was a Dutch post-Impressionist painter whose work, notable for its rough beauty, emotional honesty, and bold color, had a far-reaching influence on 20th-century art. After years of painful anxiety and frequent bouts of mental illness, he died at the age of 37 from a gunshot wound, generally accepted to be self-inflicted (although no gun was ever found). His work was then known to only a handful of people and appreciated by fewer still. The Potato Eaters, 1885, Van Gogh Museum
55. 55. Eugne Henri Paul Gauguin (7 June 1848 8 May 1903) was a leading French Post- Impressionist artist who was not well appreciated until after his death. Gauguin was later recognized for his experimental use of colors and synthetist style that were distinguishably different from Impressionism. His work was influential to the French avant-garde and many modern artists, such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse. Gauguins art became popular after his death and many of his paintings were in the possession of Russian collector Sergei Shchukin. He was also an influential proponent of wood engraving and woodcuts as art forms. I Raro te Oviri, 1891, Dallas Museum of Art
56. 56. THE FORMALIST AND THEIR MASTERPIECE Paul Czanne (18391906) was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century conception of artistic endeavour to a new and radically different world of art in the 20th century. Czanne can be said to form the bridge between late 19th century Impressionism and the early 20th century's new line of artistic enquiry, Cubism. The line attributed to both Matisse and Picasso that Czanne "is the father of us all" cannot be easily dismissed. The Card Players, an iconic work by Czanne
57. 57. THE REALIST AND NATURALIST WITH THEIR MASTER PIECE Jean Dsir Gustave Courbet (10 June 1819 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realist movement in 19th-century French painting. The Realist movement bridged the Romantic movement (characterized by the paintings of Thodor Gricault and Eugne Delacroix) with the Barbizon School and the Impressionists. Courbet occupies an important place in 19th century French painting as an innovator and as an artist willing to make bold social commentary in his work. I am fifty years old and I have always lived in freedom; let me end my life free; when I am dead let this be said of me: 'He belonged to no school, to no church, to no institution, to no academy, least of all to any rgime except the rgime of liberty.' Gustave Courbet, A Burial at Ornans, 1849-1850, oil on canvas, 314 x 663 cm.(123.6 x 261 inches), Musee d'Orsay, Paris. Exhibition at the 18501851 Paris Salon created an "explosive reaction" and brought Courbet instant fame.
58. 58. Modern Period In the early 20th century, avante- garde artists experimented on new styles of formalist painting and such experimentation led to the birth of Cubism, Futurism, De Stijl, and Supremantism.
59. 59. Modern Period Pablo Diego Jos Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno Mara de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santsima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso, known as Pablo Picasso (25 October 1881 8 April 1973), was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century. Les Demoiselles dAvignon (1907, Analytical Cubism) Girl Before a Mirror (1932, Synthetic Cubism) Guernica (1937, Synthetic Cubism) CUBIST PAINTER
60. 60. Robert Delaunay (12 April 1885 25 October 1941) was a French artist who, with his wife Sonia Delaunay and others, cofounded the Orphism art movement, noted for its use of strong colours and geometric shapes. His later works were more abstract reminiscent of Paul Klee. His key influence related to bold use of colour, and a clear love of experimentation of both depth and tone. FUTURIST PAINTERS Simultaneous Windows on the City, 1912, by Robert Delaunay, Hamburger Kunsthalle Robert Delaunay, Paysage au disque, 1906-1907, oil on canvas, 55 x 46 cm, Muse national d'art moderne (MNAM), Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris Champs de Mars. La Tour rouge. 1911. Art Institute of Chicago.
61. 61. Sonia Terk-Delaunay (ne Terk, November 14, 1885 December 5, 1979) was a Jewish-French artist who, with her husband Robert Delaunay and others, cofounded the Orphism art movement, noted for its use of strong colours and geometric shapes. Her work extends to painting, textile design and stage set design. She was the first living female artist to have a retrospective exhibition at the Louvre in 1964, and in 1975 was named an officer of the French Legion of Honor. Her work in modern design included the concepts of geometric abstraction, the integration of furniture, fabrics, wall coverings, and clothing. Rythme 1938 The last section of La prose du Transsibrien et de la Petite Jehanne de France, 1913
62. 62. Joseph Fernand Henri Lger (February 4, 1881 August 17, 1955) was a French painter, sculptor, and filmmaker. In his early works he created a personal form of Cubism which he gradually modified into a more figurative, populist style. His boldly simplified treatment of modern subject matter has caused him to be regarded as a forerunner of Pop art. Fernand Lger, La Femme en Bleu (Woman in Blue), 1912, oil on canvas The City, 1919, oil on canvas, The Museum of Modern Art, New York Still Life with a Beer Mug, 1921, oil on canvas, the Tate
63. 63. Marcel Duchamp (28 July 1887 2 October 1968; French pronunciation) was a French artist whose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and Surrealist movements. Considered by some to be one of the most important artists of the 20th century, Duchamp's output influenced the development of post-World War I Western art. He advised modern art collectors, such as Peggy Guggenheim and other prominent figures, thereby helping to shape the tastes of Western art during this period. Marcel Duchamp. Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 The Large Glass (191523) Philadelphia Museum of Art Collection
64. 64. Gerrit Thomas Rietveld (24 June 1888 25 June 1964) was a Dutch furniture designer and architect. One of the principal members of the Dutch artistic movement called De Stijl, Rietveld is famous for his Red and Blue Chair and for the Rietveld Schrder House, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. De Stijl (The Style) Painters Red and Blue Chair (1917) Rietveld Schrder House in Utrecht (1924)
65. 65. Theo van Doesburg (Dutch pronunciation: [te vn dusbrx], 30 August 1883 7 March 1931) was a Dutch artist, who practised painting, writing, poetry and architecture. He is best known as the founder and leader of De Stijl. Neo-Plasticism: Composition VII (the three graces). 1917. Elementarism: Counter- Composition XVI in dissonances. 1925. A reconstruction of the dance hall/cinema designed by Theo van Doesburg: Cinbal at the Aubette in Strasbourg.
66. 66. Pieter Cornelis "Piet" Mondriaan (March 7, 1872 February 1, 1944), was a Dutch painter. He was an important contributor to the De Stijl art movement and group, which was founded by Theo van Doesburg. He evolved a non-representational form which he termed Neo-Plasticism. This consisted of white ground, upon which was painted a grid of vertical and horizontal black lines and the three primary colors. Between his 1905 painting, The River Amstel, and his 1907 Amaryllis, Mondrian changed the spelling of his signature from Mondriaan to Mondrian. Piet Mondrian, View from the Dunes with Beach and Piers, Domburg, oil and pencil on cardboard, 1909 Piet Mondrian, Gray Tree, 1912, an early experimentation with cubism The River Amstel
67. 67. Notable Artists Local Painters Amorsolo, Fernando C. (May 30, 1892 April 26, 1972) Amorsolo was a portraitist and painter of rural Philippine landscapes. Popularly known for his craftsmanship and mastery in the use of light, he was regarded as the Father of Philippine Realism for his numerous realistic paintings. After his graduation from the University of the Philippines, he worked as a UP part-time instructor and a commercial artist. His works include Bombing of the Intendencia (1942), The Burning of Manila (1946), Dalagang Bukid (1936), The First Baptism in the Philippines, The First Mass in the Philippines, Planting Rice (1946), Princess Urduja, and Sikatuna. He was the first recipient of the National Artist Award among the Filipino painters.
68. 68. Fernando C. Amorsolos Masterpieces Bombing of the Intendencia (1942) The Burning of Manila (1946)
69. 69. Dalagang Bukid (1936) The First Baptism in the Philippines (1946)
70. 70. The First Mass in the Philippines (1946) Planting Rice (1946)
71. 71. Princess Urduja,
72. 72. Cabrera, Benedicto R. (Born April 10, 1942) A master of contemporary Philippine art, Cabrera is a painter and printmaker who has exhibited widely in the Philippines and in Asia, Europe, and the United States and has won several major art awards in a career spanning four decades. Conferred the Order of National Artist for Visual Artists by Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo in Malacaang Palace in 2006, he produced outstanding works such as Bali, Cordillera, Edo, Familia, Larawan, and Sabel. He is more popularly known as Bencab.
73. 73. Benedicto R. Cabrera Masterpieces Cordillera Sabel
74. 74. Domingo Damian (1796 - 1834) Domingo was the first Filipino painter who specialized in secular painting. He portrayed non-religious themes on canvas and excelled in miniature painting. He was considered a forerunner of the Filipino movement for racial equality and the foremost Filipino painter of the early 19th century. Among a few of his works which survive to prove his mettle in the visual arts are Nuestra Senora del Rosario, Catedra de San Pedro Roma (The Seat of Saint Peter), La Sagrada Familia (The Holy Family), and La Immaculada Concepcion (The Immaculate Conception).
75. 75. Domingo Damian Masterpieces Nuestra Senora del Rosario La Sagrada Familia (The Holy Family)
76. 76. Edades, Victorio C. (December 13, 1895 March 7, 1985) Because Edades pioneered modernism in the Philippine art scene, he became known as the Father of Modern Philippine Painting. Most of his paintings portrayed the hardships of the working class. He received the degree of Doctor in Fine Arts, Honoris Causa from the University of Santo Tomas where he worked until he etired at the age of 70. Named the National Artist in Visual Arts in 1976, he created the following works: The Sketch, National Museum Collection (1928); The Builders, Cultural Center of the Philippines Collection (1928); Interaction (1935), in collaboration with Carlos Francisco and Galo Ocampo; Demoiselles Davao (1976); and Kasaysayan (1979), a mural for a Manila bank.
77. 77. Victorio C. Edades Masterpieces The Sketch National Museum Collection (1928) The Builders Cultural Center of the Philippines Collection (1928)
78. 78. Interaction (1935) In collaboration with Carlos Francisco and Galo Ocampo
79. 79. Demoiselles Davao (1976); and Kasaysayan (1979), a mural for a Manila bank.
80. 80. Francisco, Carlos V. (November 4, 1914 March 31, 1969) Francisco was among the most distinguished practitioners of mural painting for many decades and was best known for his historical pieces. Popularly known as Botong, he was one of the first Filipino modernists, together with Galo Ocampo and Victorio Edades, who broke away from Amorsolos romanticism. His works are Kaingin (1945), Fiesta (1948), Life and Miracles of St. Dominic , Sto. Domingo Church (1954), Stations of the Cross, Far Eastern University (1956), The Invasion of Limahong (1956), Mangingisda (1957), Muslim Wedding (1958), and Bayanihan (1962). He was pothumously recognized as the National Artists in Visual Arts in 1973.
81. 81. Carlos V. Francisco Masterpieces Kaingin (1945) Fiesta (1948)
82. 82. Mangingisda (1957) Bayanihan (1962)
83. 83. The Invasion of Limahong (1956) Muslim Wedding (1958)
84. 84. Philippine Revolution
85. 85. Hidalgo, Felix Resurrection (February 21, 1853 March 13, 1913) Hidalgo was a contemporary of Juan Luna who placed second in an international art exposition in Madrid, winning a silver medal for his painting, Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho (The Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace). Schooled in the Ateneo de Manila and the Unversity of Santo Tomas, he won a gold medal for La Barca de Aqueronte (The Boat of Charon) and another silver for Adios al Sol (Farewell to the Sun). His other works are La Banca (The Native Boat), Vendadora de Lanzones (Lanzones Vendor), Los Mendigos (The Beggars), Laguna Estigia (The Styx), El Crepusculo (The Dawn), and El Violinista (The Violinist).
86. 86. Felix R. Hidalgo Masterpieces Hidalgo was a contemporary of Juan Luna who placed second in an international art exposition in Madrid, winning a silver medal for his painting, Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho (The Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace). Schooled in the Ateneo de Manila and the Unversity of Santo Tomas, he won a gold medal for La Barca de Aqueronte (The Boat of Charon)
87. 87. Joya, Jose T. (1931 1995) Joya was a paiinter, multi-media artist, and dean of the UP College of Fine Arts (1970 to 1978). Considered the foremost proponent of abstract expressionism, he adopted the values of kinetic energy and spontaneity in painting and master the art of gestured paintings. Named National Artist in Visual Arts in 2003, he produced the following works: Barter of Panay (1948), Christ Stripped of His Clothes (1954), Grandean Arabesque (1958), Dimensions of Fear (1965), Vista Beyond Vision (1981), Torogan (1985), and Playground of the Mind (1998).
88. 88. Jose T. Joya Masterpieces Christ Stripped of His Clothes (1954) Torogan (1985)
89. 89. Luna, Juan (October 23, 1857 December 7, 1899) A native Badoc, Ilocos Norte, Luna studied in Manila, at the Ateneo de Manila and then at the Academia de Dibujoy y Pintura, and later in Madrid, Spain, at the Escuela de Bellas Artes. He won the gold medal for The Death of Cleopatra; however, his best known work was the Spoliarium, now a treasure of the National Museum. He also did The Blood Compact, Ang Espanya sa Pilipinas, Ang Aliping Bulag, Ang Tagumpay ni Lapu-Lapu, Ang Laban sa Lepanto, and Ang Mestiza. He died in Hong Kong due to a severe heart attack and was buried there, but his remains were exhumed in 1920 and transferred later to a niche at the Crypt Chapel of San Agustin.
90. 90. Juan Luna Masterpieces Juan Luna Spoliarium 400 cm 700 cm (160 in 280 in) National Museum of the Philippines
91. 91. Juan Luna won the gold medal for The Death of Cleopatra Blood Compact
92. 92. Ang Mestiza The Parisian Life
93. 93. Magsaysay-Ho, Anita C. (Born May 25, 1914) Magsaysay-Ho was a student of the UP School of Fine Arts under Fernando and Pablo Amorsolo, later at the School of Design with Victorio Edades, and then at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan under Zoltan Sepeshy, under whom she specialized in egg-tempera painting. The Art Association of the Philippines awarded her first prize for her works, The Cooks in 1952 and Two Women in 1960. She won the peoples admiration for her Neo- Realist pieces rendered in egg tempera: Fish Vendors, Fruit Vendors, Mending the Nets, and Trio.
94. 94. Anita C. Magsaysay-Ho Masterpieces Fish Vendors Market Scene
95. 95. Malang-Santos, Mauro Malang was a multifaceted and prolific artist who worked as a graphic designer and an illustrator and a cartoonist for the Manila Chronicle, for which he created the two comic strip characters, Kosme the Cop (Retired) and Chain Gang Charlie. His acclaimed paintings celebrate the Philippine landscape, its people and their traditions with rapturous, fiesta colors. His sunny outlook in life is reflected in his works; among them are the Pastoral and Tres Marias.
96. 96. Mauro Malang-Santos Masterpieces Tres Marias Barrio-Fiesta
97. 97. Manansala, Vicente S. (January 22, 1910 August 22, 1981) Manansala was a Philippine cubist painter and illustrator born in Macabebe, Pampanga. Like Amorsolo, he graduated from the UP School of Fine Arts and received in 1949 a six-month UNESCO grant study at the Ecole de Beaux Arts in Banff and Montreal, Canada. His masterpieces include Madonna of the Slums, Jeepneys, Kalabaw or Carabao (1965), Bangkusay Seascape (1940), Banaklaot (1948), and Reclining Mother and Child (1967). He also did the murals of Stations of the Cross in the Parish Church of the Holy Sacrifice.
98. 98. Vicente S. Manansala Masterpieces Madonna of the Slums (1965) Jeepneys (1965)
99. 99. Bangkusay Seascape (1940) Banaklaot (1948),
100. 100. Ocampo, Galo B. (1913 1985) Ocampo, together with Edades and Francisco, formed a triumvirate painting murals for theaters and residences. Influenced by surrealism, he expressed his concern for humanity in his allegories-in-paint. In his Brown Madonna, he Filipinized the Virgin Mary by presenting her in baro and tapis with a nipa hut, Phlippine plants, and rice fields in the background. Now exhibited in the UST Museum, the Brown Madonna was criticized by Alice Guillermo as the first attempt to create a new Filipino icons with which the people could identify (Espina et al., 2004)
101. 101. Brown Madonna He Filipinized the Virgin Mary by presenting her in baro and tapis with a nipa hut, Phlippine plants, and rice fields in the background. Now exhibited in the UST Museum
102. 102. Foreign Painters Buonarroti, Michelangelo Di Lodovico (March 6, 1475 February 18, 1564) Buonarroti was an Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, poet, and engineer. Considered a contender for the title of the archetypal Renaissance Man, along with his rival and fellow Italian, Leonardo da Vinci, he was known for his Sistine Chapel ceiling frescoes. He was commissioned by Pope Julius II to do those frescoes, which include The Creation of Man, The Fall of Man, The Story of Noah, and The Last Judgment. His other paintings are The Holy Family with the Infant St. John the Baptist (c. 1506), The Doni Tondo (c. 1506), Entombment (c. 1510), The Conversion of Saul (1542 45), and Martydom of St. Peter (1546 50).
103. 103. Michelangelo Di Lodovico Buonarroti Masterpieces The Creation of ManThe Fall of Man
104. 104. Michelangelo, Sistine Chapel showing Michelangelo's ceiling fresco, The Vatican, Rome
105. 105. Da Vinci, Leonardo (April 15, 1452 May 2, 1519) Da Vinci was an Italian polymath, a scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, painter, sculptor, architect, botanist, musician, and writer. He was born in Florence and was described as the archetype of the Renaissance man due to his inventive powers. One of the greatest painting of all time and the most diversely talented persons to have lived, he was known for the following works: The Annunciation (c. 1472 -75), The Adoration of the Magi (1481 82), The Virgin of the Rocks (1483 86), The Last Supper (1498) in a Milan monastery, The Virgin and Child with St. Anne and the Young St. John the Baptist (c. 1501), Mona Lisa (c. 1503 04), Self-Portrait (c. 1512), etc.
106. 106. Leonardo Da Vinci Masterpieces The Annunciation (c. 1472 -75) The Last Supper
107. 107. Mona Lisa The Madonna with the Yarnwinder
108. 108. Degas, Edgar (July 19, 1834 September 27, 1917) Degas was a French impressionistic painter who used photography as an aid in studying figures in motion. In doing his paintings, he used pastel to combine drawing and color. He applied his studies of the figures in motion and came up with such works as The Ballet Girl Fixing Her Slipper and Race Horses. The drawing of his painting entitled Danseuse (Dancer) was done in 1885.
109. 109. Edgar Degas Masterpieces Danseuse Race Horses
110. 110. Goya, Francisco Jose De (March 30, 1746 April 16, 1828) Goya was a court painter to the Spanish Crown, printmaker, and chronicler of history. Born in Aragon, he has been regarded both as the last of the Old Masters and as the first of the moderns. His works influenced later generations of artists, notably Manet and Picasso. This include Blind Guitarist (1778), Crucified Christ (1780), Self-portrait (c. 1790 95), Duchess of Alba (1797), The Nude Maja (1800), The Clothed Maja (1801 03), The Colossus (1808 12), Time (c. 1810 12), The Dog (1820 23), and Two Old Men (c. 1821 23).
111. 111. Francisco Jose De Goya Masterpieces Blind Guitarist (1778) Crucified Christ (1780)
112. 112. Kandinsky, Wassily (December 4, 1866 December 13, 1944) Kandinsky was a Russian painter, printmaker, and art theorist. Because his parents were pianists, he learned how to play the piano, as well as the cello, at a young age. However, his passion was painting so he became a renowned painter, not a musician. He was considered one of the most famous 20th-century artists and was credited with painting the first modern abstract works such as A Conglomerate (1943), At Rest (1908), Circle and Square (1943), Colorful Life (1907), Horses (1909), Landscape with Rain, Moscow I (1916), Night (1907), Saint George (1911), The Flood (1921), Women in Moscow (1912), and Evenement Doux.
113. 113. Kandinsky, Wassily Masterpieces A Conglomerate (1943) Circle and Square (1943)
114. 114. Manet, Edouard (1832 1883) Considered among the impressionists, Manet was a realist. Inspired by the work of Giorgione entitled Open-air Concert, he experimented on his work, Luncheon on the Grass, by combining clothed and nude figures with landscape and still life. He was terribly criticized fro this work and another one, Olympia, because of their frankness. His subjects ranged from portraits and landscape to still life, horse races, and boating scenes. His figures wee related to suggest momentary groups (Espina et al., 2004).
115. 115. Edouard Manet Masterpieces Luncheon on the Grass Olympia
116. 116. Matisse, Henri (December 31, 1869 November 3, 1954) Matisse was a French painter, sculptor, printmaker, and draftsman known for his use of color and his fluid, brilliant, and original draftsmanship. Considered as one of the best-known 20th-century artists, he was initially labeled as a Fauve (wild beast), and by the 1920s. He was hailed as an upholder of the classical tradition in French painting. Among his works are Woman Reading (1894), Notre-Dame (1902), The Open Window (1905), Woman with a Hat (1905), La Danse (1909), Jazz (1947), The Plum Blossoms (1948), Blue Nudes (1952), The Snail (1953), and Le Bateau (1954).
117. 117. Henri Matisse Masterpieces Woman Reading (1894) Notre-Dame (1902)
118. 118. Monet, Claude (November 14, 1840 December 5, 1926) Monet was a founder of French impressionist painting. He was considered the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movements philosophy of expressing ones perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plain-air landscape painting. His works include The Seine at Port-Villez (1894), Bathers at La Grenouillere (1869), Poplars (1891), The Grand Canal, Venice (1908), The Japanese Bridge (1919 24), and The Thames below Westminster (1871).
119. 119. Claude Monet Masterpieces The Seine at Port-Villez (1894) Bathers at La Grenouillere (1869)
120. 120. Munch, Edward (December 12, 1863 January 23, 1944) Munch was a Norwegian symbolist painter, printmaker, and as important forerunner of expressionistic art. He explored the themes of life, love, fear, death, and melancholy in many of his works. His painting series titled The Frieze of Life include his best-known painting, The Scream or The Cry (1893), Despair, Anxiety (1894), and The Sick Child. he also painted By the Deathbed (1895), Death in the Sickroom (1895), Madonna (1894 95), The Dance of Life (1899 1900), and The Dead Mother (1899 1900).
121. 121. Edward Munch Masterpieces The Scream The Sick child
122. 122. Picasso, Pablo Picasso founded cubism in collaboration with Georges Braque and Juan Gris in 1906 in a Montmartre caf. Born in Malaga, Spain, he had a long painting career (more than 60 years), which was divided into six periods by Van de Bogart (1970), as follows: Blue Period (1901 04), Harlequin or Rose Period (1905 06), Iberian-African Negro Period (1907 08), Cubism (1909 14), Classic Period (1918 24), and Double-Image Period (1932). During the last period, he painted The Girl Before a Mirror, one of his popular works, which include The Old Guitarist, Les Demoiselles dAvignon, Three Musicians, The Poet, The Lovers, and Women in White.
123. 123. Pablo Picasso Masterpieces The Girl Before a Mirror Les Demoiselles dAvignon,
124. 124. Sanzio, Raphael (April 6, 1483 April 6, 1520) Sanzio was the master painter and architect of the Italian High Renaissance. Born in Urbino, Italy, he is best known for his Madonnas and for his large figure compositions in the Vatican, Rome, Italy. He was admired for his works possessing clarity of form and ease of composition. This works include The Small Cowper Madonna (1505), The Nymph Galatea (1512 14), Madonna dell Granduca (1505), St. George Fighting the Dragon (1504 1506), and Maddalena. He died in Rome at the age of 37; he lived to be one of those geniuses who continually evolve and develop.
125. 125. Raphael Sanzio Masterpieces The Nymph Galatea (1505) The Small Cowper Madonna (1505)
126. 126. Van Gogh, Vincent (March 30, 1853 July 29, 1890) Van Gogh was a Dutch Post-Impressionist artist whose paintings and drawings include some of the worlds best known, most popular, and most expensive pieces. He was a lunatic confined in an asylum in St. Remy where he produced some of his world-renowned works, among which is The Starry Night (1889), that served to inspire the composer of the song, Vincent. His other works include Still Life with Beer Mug and Fruit (1881), Fisherman on the Beach (1882), Cottages (1883), Two Rats (1884), Two Hands (1885), A Pair of Shoes (1886), Self-Portrait (1887), Orchard in Blossom (1888), The Bedroom (1889), and Field with Poppies (1890).
127. 127. Vincent Van Gogh Masterpieces The Starry Night (1889), Still Life with Beer Mug and Fruit (1881)
128. 128. Van Rijn, Rembrandt (July 15, 1606 October 4, 1669) Van Rijn is generally considered one of the greatest painters in European art history and the most important 17th-century painter of United Provinces, Netherlands. He learned chiaroscuro (a painting technique in which the artist stresses the contrast between light areas and shadows) from Pieter Lastman in Amsterdam. A proficient etcher and engraver, he made many drawings and contributed to art the following works: The Raising of Lazarus (c. 1630), A Scholar (1631), Artemis (1634); Descent from the Cross (1634), Self-Portrait (1640), Holy Family (1640), and The Return of the Prodigal Son (c. 1662).
129. 129. Rembrandt Van Rijn Masterpieces The Raising of Lazarus (c. 1630) A Scholar (1631)