formerrecentlyculturedevelopphotographdonategiftdisplay

adj. 从前的 , 以前的adv. 最近 , 近来n. 文化vt. 培养 , 养成n. 照片 , 相片vt. 捐赠 , 捐献 ; 赠予n. 赠品 , 礼物vt. 陈列 , 展览

Words preview

kindnessguestspeechflatbookcaseattentionpay attention toplease

n. 善举 ; 好意 , 善意n. 客人 , 来宾n. 演说 , 演讲 , 讲话n. 套房n. 书柜 , 书橱n. 注意 , 关注注意vt. 使满意 , 取悦

Words and expressions preview

Harry Potter

a boy with glasses

a boy who is brave and wearing glasses

a brave boy

attributive

Who are you?

Who are you?

Who are you?Who are you?

I am an astronaut.

An astronaut is a person.

He works and travels in space.

An astronaut is a person. He works and travels in space.

who

How did you come here?

How did you come here?

How did you come here?How did you come here?

I was sent into the sky by a space craft.

Space craft is a vehicle.（运载工具） 　It can travel in space.

Space craft is a vehicle __________ can travel in space.

that / which

When did you come here?

When did you come here?

When did you come here?

When did you come here?

I came here on Oct. 15, 2003.

It was the day ______ I was sent into the sky.

when

Where do you work and live?

Where do you work and live?

Where do you work and live?Where do you work and live?

space capsule

I work and live in a space capsule.

It is a place ______ an astronaut works and lives.

where

1. An astronaut is a person who works and travels in space.

2. Space craft is a vehicle that/ which can travel in space.

3. Space capsule is a place where an astronaut works.

4. 15th Oct. 2003 was the day when Yang Liwei was sent into the sky.

antecedent 先行词

relative pronoun

关系代词

relative adverb关系副词

antecedent 先行词

S=subject, P=predicate, O=object, Attr=attributive, Adv=adverbial

China will successfully carry out

the Olympic Games in August

which will become the venue of harmony, cooperation and victory for all the world.

S P

O Advrelative pronoun

Attr clause

Main clause

In the attributive clauses, the relative words usually function as subject, object, predicative, attribute, and adverbial. (P8)

Relative pronouns: that, which, who, whom, whose

Relative adverbs: when, where, why

Read the article on P9 and underline the attributive clauses in it.

that / which 指物，作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略 )Space craft is a vehicle (that/which can travel in

space).

The space craft (that/which you see on TV) is made in China.

who / that 指人 ,作主语或宾语 ( 作宾语可省略）An astronaut is a person (who/that works and travels in space).

The astronaut (who/that Harry Potter met in space) is Yang Liwei .

whom 指人 ,作宾语 ( 可省略 ) ，比 who 作宾语更正式

The astronaut (whom Harry Potter met in space) is Yang Liwei .

whose 指人或物 ,作定语 ( 不可省略 )He is the character of the book. His name is Harry Potter.He is the character of the book (whose name is Harry Potter).

I have read the book (whose character I like very much).

Which baby do you like best?

I like the baby who/that/whose…gnaw his fingers

grovel on the ground

Which is your

favorite monkey?

Complete the conversation with relative pronouns on P11.

“That” is usually used in the following situations.

I am sure she has nothing that you can borrow.

I’ve read every book that is borrowed from the library.

(1) 先行词为 all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。

(2) 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰时。I’ve read all the books that are about this matter.

This is the first book that he has read.This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.

This is the very book that belongs to him.

(3) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

(4) 先行词被 the only, the very 修饰时。

1.He is the only one of the students who ___ a winner of scholarship for three years. (2002 上海春 ) A. is       B. are      C. have been    D. has been2.Is this the reason ______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002 上海春 ) A. he explained            B. what he explained C. how he explained    D. why he explained 

3. Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t.（ 2006 北京）A. who; 不填 B. who; 不填

C. who;  who   D. 不填 ; 不填4. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. （ 2006 江苏）A. who  B. that  C. as  D. which

5. My friend, who ______ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. （ 2006 浙江）A. served  B. is serving 

C. had served  D. has served

Antece-dent

Subject Object PossessiveNote

personswho/that

whom/who/that

whoseA relative pronoun can be omitted when it is used as the object in an attributive clause.

thingswhich/

thatwhich/

thatwhose/of

which

Relative pronouns used in attributive clauses

1. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _______ they learn simple games and songs. （ 2007 全国Ⅰ）A. then B. there C. while D. where 2. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy. (2007 北京 ) A. that B. which C. what D. whom

3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _____ sight matters more than hearing. (2007 天津 )

A. when B. whose C. which D. where

4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. （ 2007 陕西）A. which B. as C. why D. where5. —Where did you get to know her? 　— It was on the farm _______ we worked. （ 2007 山东）A. that B. there C. which D. where