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Green Community –
4-zero Scheme
A Talk at CityUDate: Nov. 2017
Dr Edward Yiu
Founder of REDBRIC
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• WWF-Hong Kong’s “Hong Kong Ecological Footprint Report 2017”:
• "Hong Kong people are living beyond the Earth’s limits. 3.9 Earths are needed if everyone lived the lifestyle of Hong Kong people."
HK Ecological Footprint
Biocapacity Ecological footprint
2012
Times
Hong
Kong
0.01 global ha per
person
6.7 global ha per person 670 times
World 1.7 global ha per
person
2.6 global ha per person 1.5 times
http://awsassets.wwfhk.panda.org/downloads/hong_kong_ecological_footprint_report_2014.pdf
• Energy (electricity, fuel)
• Water
• Food
• Materials
• ProductsResources
IN
• Consumption
• Waste
City• Water Drained
• Gas Exhausted
• Kitchen Wastes
• Recyclable Wastes
• Other Solid Wastes
Wastes OUT
Rely on a lot of Resources Inputs
and Disposition of Outputs
Traditional Linear City Model
Resource Extraction Increased by 125%
Circular (Economy) City Model
https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy/overview/concept
Circular City
• The circular city is a city aimed at closing
materials-, energy- and water cycles.
• Closing materials cycles (Cradle to
Cradle) and use of renewables.
• Priority is given to prevention of resource
use, product reuse and recycling.
• NINO (NO IN, NO OUT), Self-sufficient
• LILO (LESS IN, LESS OUT)
Reduce and Reuse can better help than Recycle
Just Circular is NOT enough
Import Wastes
RecycleExport Wastes
Levels of circularity (9 R’s)• Refuse
• Reduce
• Re-use
• Repair
• Refurbish
• Remanufacture
• Re-purpose
• Recycle
• Recover (energy)
High
Low
Source: Utrecht Sustainability Institute
Example of Remanufacture
Source: Utrecht Sustainability InstituteSource: Utrecht Sustainability Institute
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Five-Zero Model
Zero-material
Zero-water
Zero-food
Zero-waste
Zero energy
5-zero model
1. Zero-energy
2. Zero-material
3. Zero-water
4. Zero-food
5. Zero-waste
Zero Food and Zero Waste are not
considered in the Circular City Model
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Zero Carbon Building HK
• Definition of Zero-Carbon (2nd level):
– Offset of operating energy consumed from the grid by on-site renewable energy generation with grid-feed-in
GHG emission reduction by on-site renewable
energy: 8,250 tonnes (over 50 years)
Zero means Self-Sufficient, NINO
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Five-Zero Community Model
Individuals
Buildings
Community
City
Country / Global
Zero-material
Zero-water
Zero-food
Zero-waste
Zero energy
Zero Food and Zero Waste can only be
achieved in community level or above, as it
requires a lot of open space to handle
Zero Material is hard to
achieve in small city like
Hong Kong
Symbiosis of Rural-Urban Coexistence
Rural – Urban Coexistence
Ebenezer Howard’s Garden City
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Zero Carbon New City - UAE
• the Masdar initiative - a carbon-neutral, car-free, 1,482 acre sustainable city powered by the sun, in United Arab Emirates;
• The development project is expected to be completed by 2023, at an estimated cost of $22bn, designed by Norman Foster.
Commonly Owned = Commonly Indifferent
Who Cares about Existing Community?
• Owners
• Designer
Building
• Residents
• Employees
• Visitors
• NGOs
• Government
Community• Government
• NGO
City
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• Daily Solid Waste (2011 HK) is 8996 tons;
• Daily Domestic Kitchen Waste is 2528 tons (28%);
Solid Waste
2010 Taiwan South Korea Hong Kong
Kitchen Waste / Person / Day
0.2kg 0.3kg 0.4kg
Solid Waste Trend of Asian Cities
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HK Blueprint for Sustainable Use of Resources 2013-2022
19http://www.enb.gov.hk/en/files/WastePlan-E.pdf
Solid Waste Reduction by
Composting Food Waste
20http://www.enb.gov.hk/en/files/WastePlan-E.pdf
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A Trial of 4-zero Community
• A Zero-energy, Zero-water, Zero-food and Zero-waste Community:
• Yiu and Compos (2013) Sustainable Communities, ISSF 2014, or:
• http://ecyy.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/9/3/12935669/sustainable_building
s_2013.pdf
HKAEE Golden Award 2015
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Reduce Waste / Recycle
Reduction
Reuse
Recycle
15 items
Collect Organic
WastesCollect Rain
Water
Solar
Energy
Education &
Training
Information &
Measurements
Competitions
and Awards
Energy
Saving Farming Fertilizers
CleansingCleansing
Liquid
Sharing
Economy
Empowerment
& Cooperation
Green scape
Reduce Pollution
At Source
Reduce Waste
from Source
Residents’
Participations
Food Self-
Sufficiency
Reduce Inputs
Reduce Wastes
A Green Housing Estate Scheme
Zero Energy
(Saved 40%)
Reduction of Electricity Consumption
• LED, Energy Efficient Motors, Water-cooling A/C*
• Auto Switch-off, PPO
Natural Renewable Energy
• Solar Panels, Wind Turbines*
Other Auxiliary Installations
• Bicycles for Charging, Tree Planting against Heat Island Effects
• Kids Plantation Day, Energy Saving Competitions
Zero Water
(Saved Water)
Save Water
• Recycle grey water, Aquaponics, Reduce water tank cleansing times
Other Sources
• Collect rain water for planting, Salt water for flushing*, repair leakage
Others
• Water saving competitions
Zero Food
(Local Farms)
Urban Farms
• Farms on rooftop, open area and garden, vertical farms, interior farms
Foodscape
• Aquaponics, edible landscape, fruit trees*
Farmers’ Markets*
• Harvest Festivals*, Local Food Cuisines
Others
• Food consumption reduction competitions
Zero Waste
(Reduce Solid Waste 15%)
Sharing Economy
• Barter, Time-money notes, Sharing, Car pools*
Composting
• Kitchen Waste and Leaves Collections
Recycling
• 24 items, Producers’ Responsibility
• Fruit peels collection for cleansing agentsOthers
• Recycle Competition, Improve Air Quality
• Preserve Ecology, Social and Cultural Heritage
Green Path and Green Corners
3 Types of Farming Area
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Farming Area
Prop Mgt
RentCommon
6-month Farmland Tenancy
(4-box)
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Farming and Food Landscape
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Others
• Plants Hospital / Orphanage
• Chinese Herb Garden
• Aquaponics
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Community Currency
(Stamps)
Recycle or Saving
Stamps
Vegetables
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Managed by
Property
Management
Company
➢ 43% landscape area (3 ha)
➢ No. of trees = 479 (absorb
11,017t CO2/yr)
➢ Vertical green walls
Greenery
➢Merge with Green belts and country parks
➢Biodiversity, including 60 species of birds, insects,
endangered toad and vulnerable frog
➢Old Valuable Trees, Hundred Years Old Heritage
Ecological and Heritage
Preservation
紅嘴藍鵲 (Blue Magpie), Urocissa
erythrorhyncha
Eco Enzyme from Fruit Peels
Leaves and Branches
Composting
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Kitchen Waste Composting
(Fail to Do)
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Re-distribution of Food
(Fail to Do)
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Reducing Wastes, Reducing Purchases
It saved
29,232 litres of
Cleansing Liquid
Sharing Economy
It saved
914 books
and 167 items
In 2014
➢Sharing: Books, Toys, Sports Equipment, Furniture, Baby Stuffs, Musical Instruments, Electrical Appliances
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27 Recyclable Items
➢Carbon Powder Cartridges
➢Rechargable Batteries
➢Construction Materials
Producer Responsibility
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Reduce 15% Solid Wastes in 2015Q1
Reduction of Wastes
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45
50
55
60
65
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
2014 2015
Daily Reduction of Solid Domestic Waste (in 660L Bins)
Water Saving
• 2nd hand water tank (disposed from roof
top works)
• Rain water collection
• For watering
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Energy Saving
➢LED
➢Transformer
➢Lift Control System
Solar Panels
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Smart Grids
• Smart grids allow selling electricity by users to the electricity grid of the district.
• Offsetting GHG becomes possible.
From 2004 to 2013, it saves 9,011,934 Kwh electricity (7,570t CO2)
It saves 47.5 % electricity consumption
Energy Saving
Green Kids
• http://www.hk01.com/%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80/53155/-
%E7%BD%AE%E5%AF%8C%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92-
%E6%A4%8D%E6%A8%B9%E7%A8%AE%E5%87%BA%E9%84%B0%E9%87%8C%E6%83%85-
%E5%B0%8F%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E6%90%9E%E5%A2%9F%E5%82%B3%E7%92%B0%E4%BF%9D50
4-Zero Community Network
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• Facilitate to Connect More
Green Community:
– 4-zero Scheme
– Circular Economy
– Self-Sufficient
• If you are interested in promoting green
communities, you are welcome to join
our team
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End
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