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SOCIAL ARITHMETIC

SMP NEGERI 2 PEKALONGAN2011

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INTRODUCTION

a. Total Value

b. Value per Unit

INTRODUCTIONExerci

se

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INTRODUCTION

a. Total Value

To find out the total value, we must know thevalue per unit first.

Total Value = Number of units x value per unit

Example:

Price list of kitchen needs are given as follows• Five bunches of spinachs is Rp2,500.00• Four bunches of green beans is Rp6,000.00• Five grains of eggs is Rp3,000.00Momo bought three grains of eggs, sevenbunches of green beans, and nine bunch of spinach. How much should Momo paid?

a. Total Value

b. Value per Unit

Exercise

Solution

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INTRODUCTION

a. Total Value

a. Total Value

b. Value per Unit

Exercise

Solution:Given:• Five bunches of spinachs is Rp2,500.00

So, a bunches of spinachs is Rp500.00

• Four bunches of green beans is Rp6,000.00So, a bunches of green beans is Rp1,500.00

• Five grains of eggs is Rp3,000.00So, a grains of eggs is Rp600.00

Thus Momo had to pay for three grains of egg seven

bunches of green beans, and nine bunch of spinachs is

3 X Rp600.00 + 7 X Rp1,500.00 + 9 X Rp500.00= Rp1,800.00 + Rp10,500.00 + Rp4,500.00= Rp16,800.00

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INTRODUCTION

b. Value per Unit

To find out the value per unit, we must knowthe total value first.

Value per Unit =total value

Number of Unit

Example:

Tangguh bought three pair of shoes at cost

Rp225,000.00 totally. What was the price of

a pair of shoes?

a. Total Value

b. Value per Unit

Exercise

Solution

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INTRODUCTION

b. Value per Unit

a. Total Value

b. Value per Unit

Exercise

Solution:Given:

Three pair of shoes at cost Rp225,000.00

So, the one pair of shoes at cost =Rp225,000.00

3

= Rp75,000.00

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INTRODUCTION

Exercise:

a. Total Value

b. Value per Unit

Exercise

1. Alif bought two shirts cost Rp100,000.00.

What was the price for five shirts?

2. Pia bought four plate and paid Rp12,000.00.

What was the price of a dozen of plates?

3. Dodo bought 100 kilograms of onions cost

RP1,200,000.00. Then he sells it every one

kilogram and add Rp500.00 per kilogram as a

transport cost. What was the selling price of

a kilogram of onion?

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PROFIT AND LOSS

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

PROFIT AND LOSS

In a trade, there are two possible outcomesa seller may face, i.e.:1. The seller earns a profit, or2. The seller suffers a loss

Note

Exercise

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PROFIT AND LOSS

a. ProfitIf Selling Price > Buying Price, it’s make profit.

Profit = Selling Price – Buying Price

Example:

A tradesman has bought 90 kilogram rice from

farmer in Rp6,500.00 for each kilogram. Then,

he sold it in Rp6,750.00 for each kilogram.

What was the amount of profit the tradesman

earned?

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Solution

Note

Exercise

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PROFIT AND LOSS

a. ProfitSolution:

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Given:• Buying Price Rp6,500.00 for each kilogram.

Total Buying Price = 90 X Rp6,500.00= Rp585,000.00

• Selling Price Rp6,750.00 for each kilogram.Total Selling Price = 90 X Rp6,750.00

= Rp607,500.00

Selling Price > Buying Price (Profit)

Profit = Selling Price – Buying Price

= Rp607,500.00 – Rp585,000.00

= Rp22,500.00

So, the profit is Rp22,500.00

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PROFIT AND LOSS

b. Loss

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

If Selling Price < Buying Price, it’s make loss.

Loss = Buying Price – Selling Price

Example:

Mr. Raden buys a motorcycle at the price of

Rp16,999,999.00. Then, he sells the motorcycle

at the price of Rp15,750,000.00.

What was the amount of loss he made?

Solution

Note

Exercise

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PROFIT AND LOSS

b. Loss

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Solution:

Note

Exercise

Given:• Buying Price Rp16,999,999.00

• Selling Price Rp15,750,000.00.

Selling Price < Buying Price (Loss)

Loss = Buying Price – Selling Price

= Rp16,999,999.00 – Rp15,750,000.00

= Rp1,249,999.00

So, the loss is Rp1,249,999.00

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PROFIT AND LOSS

c. Profit Percentages (Profit %)

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Profit Percentages =Profit

Buying PriceX 100%

Example:

Father bought a motorcycle for Rp5,000,000.00

He sold the motorcycle to his friend. The selling

price of the motorcycle was Rp8,000,000.00.

What is the percentages of the profit he made?

Solution

Note

Exercise

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PROFIT AND LOSS

c. Profit Percentages (Profit %)

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Solution:

Note

Exercise

Given:• Buying Price Rp5,000,000.00

• Selling Price Rp8,000,000.00.

Selling Price > Buying Price (Profit)

Profit = Selling Price – Buying Price

= Rp8,000,000.00 – Rp5,000,000.00

= Rp3,000,000.00

Profit Percentages = ProfitBuying Price

X 100%

= Rp3,000,000.00Rp5,000,000.00

X 100%

= 60%

So, the profit percentage is 60%

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PROFIT AND LOSS

d. Loss Percentages (Loss %)

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Loss Percentages =Loss

Buying PriceX 100%

Example:

A farmer buys a house at the price of 25 million

rupiahs. Then he sells the house at the price of

22.5 million rupiahs.

What is the percentages of the loss he made?

Solution

Note

Exercise

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PROFIT AND LOSS

d. Loss Percentages (Loss %)

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Solution:

Note

Exercise

Given:• Buying Price Rp25,000,000.00

• Selling Price Rp22,500,000.00.

Selling Price < Buying Price (Loss)

Loss = Buying Price – Selling Price

= Rp25,000,000.00 – Rp22,500,000.00

= Rp2,500,000.00

Loss Percentages = LossBuying Price

X 100%

= Rp2,500,000.00Rp25,000,000.00

X 100%

= 10%

So, the loss percentage is 10%

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PROFIT AND LOSS

(i) Note: Selling Price > Buying Price (Profit)

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Buying Price =100

100 + PX Selling Price

Selling Price =100 + P

100 X Buying Price

(iI) Note: Selling Price < Buying Price (Loss)

Buying Price =100

100 – L X Selling Price

Selling Price =100 – L

100 X Buying Price

Profit Percentages = P %Loss Percentages = L %

Example

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Example 1 :

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Anita sells her ring at the price of Rp600,000.00.

If Anita gets the profit of 20%, then how much

does Anita buy that ring?

Solution Example 1

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Example 1 :

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Solution:Given:• Selling Price Rp600,000.00

• Profit Percentage = 20%, so P = 20

Buying Price = 100100 + P

X Selling Price

= 100120

X Rp600,000.00

= Rp500,000.00

So, the buying price is Rp500,000.00

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Example 2 :

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Mr. Benny buys a car at the price of 40 million

rupiahs. Then he sells that car and gets the profit

of 15%. How much does Mr. Benny sell the car?

Solution Example 2

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Example 2 :

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Solution:Given:• Buying Price Rp40,000,000.00

• Profit Percentage = 15%, so P = 15

Selling Price = 100 + P100

X Buying Price

= 115100

X Rp40,000,000.00

= Rp46,000,000.00

So, the selling price is Rp46,000,000.00

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Example 3 :

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Mrs. Desi buys a TV at the price of Rp800,000.00

When Mrs. Desi sells the TV, she suffers the loss

of 25%. How much does Mrs. Desi sell the TV?

Solution Example 3

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Example 3 :

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Solution:Given:• Buying Price Rp800,000.00

• Loss Percentage = 25%, so L = 25

Selling Price = 100 – L 100

X Buying Price

= 75100

X Rp800,000.00

= Rp600,000.00

So, the selling price is Rp600,000.00

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Example 4 :

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

When Neti sells her shoes at the price of

Rp150,000.00, she suffers the loss of 25%.

How much does Neti buy her shoes?

Solution Example 4

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Example 4 :

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

Solution:Given:• Selling Price Rp150,000.00

• Loss Percentage = 25%, so L = 25

Buying Price = 100100 – L

X Selling Price

= 10075

X Rp150,000.00

= Rp200,000.00

So, the buying price is Rp200,000.00

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Exercise:

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

1. Mrs. Ani buys 10 scissors at the price of

Rp6,000.00 each. Seven scissors are sold at

the price of Rp6,500.00 each and the rests

are sold at the price of Rp5,500.00 each.

Determine the percentage of profit or loss of

Mrs. Ani.

2. Mrs. Nunung buys a house at the price of

Rp60,000,000.00. When se sells her house,

she suffers the loss of 7%. How much does

Mrs. Nunung sell her house?

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PROFIT AND LOSS

Exercise:

a. Profit

b. Loss

c. Profit (%)

d. Loss (%)

Note

Exercise

3. When Rudi sells his watch at the price of

Rp195,000.00, he suffers the loss of 40%.

How much does Rudi buy his watch?

4. Hasan buys a house at the price

Rp37,000,000.00. Then he spends

Rp13,000,000.00 to renovate the house. Find

the percentage of profit or loss, if Hasan

sells the house at the price of

Rp60,000,000.00.

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DISCOUNT, GROSS, TARE

AND NET

a. Discount

b. Gross, Tare, Net

DISCOUNT, GROSS, TARE,

AND NETExercise

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DISCOUNT, GROSS, TARE

AND NET

a. Discount

a. Discount

b. Gross, Tare, Net

Exercise

Discount is the cut of selling price by someamount. Discount is usually given to buyersby some wholesalers or stores.

Example:

When a supermarket gives a discount of 15%,

Budi buys a rice cooker at the price of

Rp420,000.00. How much does Budi pay the

rice cooker at the cashier?

Solution

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DISCOUNT, GROSS, TARE

AND NET

a. Discount

a. Discount

b. Gross, Tare, Net

Exercise

Solution:Given:• The price before discount Rp420,000.00

• The discount = 15% X Rp420,000.00

= Rp63,000.00

• The price after discount = Rp420,000.0 – Rp63,000.00

= Rp357,000.00

So, the price after discount is Rp357,000.00

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DISCOUNT, GROSS, TARE

AND NET

b. Gross, Tare, and Net

a. Discount

b. Gross, Tare, Net

Exercise

Net weight is the weight of content without pack

Gross weight is the weight of the pack and itscontents. The difference between gross and net weight is called tare.

Tare = Gross – Net

Example:

A sack of potatoes weight 85 kg. If the net

weight is 84.6 kg, then calculate gross, net, tare

and % tare.

Solution

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DISCOUNT, GROSS, TARE

AND NET

b. Gross, Tare, and Net

a. Discount

b. Gross, Tare, Net

Exercise

Solution:Given:• A sack of potatoes weight 85 kg

• The net weight is 84.6 kg

Gross = 85 kg Net = 84.6 kg

Tare = Gross – Net

= 85 kg – 84.6 kg

= 0.4 kg

% Tare = TareGross

X 100%

= 0.4 kg85 kg

X 100%

= 0.47%

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DISCOUNT, GROSS, TARE

AND NET

Exercise

a. Discount

b. Gross, Tare, Net

Exercise

1. When a shopping centre gives a discount of

18%. Elvy buys a hair dryer at the price

Rp80,000.00. How much does Elvy pay the

hair dryer at the cashier?

2. Cachi had a can of biscuit which is written

on the can, net for 640 gr. After view time,

the can of biscuit was empty. Weight of the

empty can is 160 gr. How much the

percentage of tare for that can of biscuit?

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DISCOUNT, GROSS, TARE

AND NET

Exercise

a. Discount

b. Gross, Tare, Net

Exercise

3. The price of 1 box of orange is Rp90,000.00

with a 10% discount. The overall weight is

20 kg with a 2 kg tare. If the seller wants a

20% profit, how much the selling price of

the oranges per kg.

4. The price of two sacks of hulled rice is

Rp400,000.00. The weight of each sack is

100 kg with tare 2%. The a trader sells the

hulled rice with the price of Rp2,500.00 each

kg. What does the trader make? Profit or

loss? How much does the trader make?

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SAVING INTEREST AND TAX

a. Saving Interest

b. Tax

SAVING INTEREST AND

TAXExercise

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SAVING INTEREST AND TAX

a. Saving Interest

a. Saving Interest

b. Tax

Amount of interest after 1 year

= interest rate X capitalAmount of interest after n months

= n

12 X interest rate X capital

Example:

Pandu invested Rp10,000,000.00 to the bank at

1.2% interest per year. How much money due

at the end of 10 months does Pandu have?

Solution

Exercise

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SAVING INTEREST AND TAX

a. Saving Interest

a. Saving Interest

b. Tax

Solution:

Exercise

Given:• Capital = Rp10,000,000.00

• Interest = 1.2% per year

• 10 months, so n = 10

The interest for 10 months

= 10

12 X 1.2% X Rp10,000,000.00

= Rp100,000.00

The amount of saving after Pandu saves for 10 months

= Rp10,000,000.00 + Rp100,000.00

= Rp10,100,000.00

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SAVING INTEREST AND TAX

b. Tax

a. Saving Interest

b. Tax

Tax is obligatory cutting for citizen by thecountry. Everything that you can buy in thestores is imposed by tax. Tax is expressed in percentage, for exmple 10% from the price.

Example:

Father has Rp1,200,000.00 as his salary and

Reduce 14% tax. Determine the father’s

salary after imposed by tax.

Solution

Exercise

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SAVING INTEREST AND TAX

b. Tax

a. Saving Interest

b. Tax

Solution:

Exercise

Given:• The salary = Rp1,200,000.00

• Tax (%) = 14%

Tax = 14% X Rp1,200,000.00

= Rp168,000.00

So, the salary after imposed by tax is:

= Rp1,200,000.00 – Rp168,000.00

= Rp1,032,000.00

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SAVING INTEREST AND TAX

Exercise:

a. Saving Interest

b. Tax

Exercise

1. Anton save Rp2,000,000.00 in a bank at

12% interest per year. How much money

due at the end of 20 months does Anton

have?

2. Bonbon bought a TV set for Rp3,800,000.00

and he was charged a 10% value added tax

(VAT). Since the purchase was made in cash,

he got a 5% discount. Determine the

amount of money Bonbon must pay?

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EVALUATIONS

Do the following exercise correctly

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1. A trader bought 2 boxes of books for

Rp45,000.00. Each box contains 10 books. If

the selling price of each book is Rp2,500.00,

trader makes . . . .

a. A profit of Rp5,000.00

b. A loss of Rp5,000.00

c. A loss of Rp20,000.00

d. Neither a profit nor a loss

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EVALUATIONS

Do the following exercise correctly

2. Father bought a motorcycle for

Rp7,500,00.00. He sold the motorcycle to his

friend. The selling price of the motorcycle

was Rp8,000,000.00. What is the percentage

of the profit or loss he made?

a. A profit of 6.67%

b. A loss of 6.67%

c. A loss of 6.25%

d. A profit of 6.25%

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2

3

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5

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7

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EVALUATIONS

Do the following exercise correctly

3. Miss Vivi bought 25 kg of oranges for

Rp200,000.00. However, during the selling

activity, she found 5 kg of the oranges

damage. She wants to make a profit of 10%.

So, the selling price of the oranges per kg

will be . . . .

a. Rp8,800.00

b. Rp9,000.00

c. Rp10,000.00

d. Rp11,000.00

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EVALUATIONS

Do the following exercise correctly

4. A television was sold for Rp1,200,000.00. If

the trader made a loss of 20%, what was the

buying price of the television?

a. Rp960,000.00

b. Rp1,000,000.00

c. Rp1,440,000.00

d. Rp1,500,000.00

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EVALUATIONS

Do the following exercise correctly

5. The gross weight of 8 boxes of sugar is 200

kg and its tare is 2%. What is the net weight

of each box of sugar?

a. 25.00 kg

b. 24.75 kg

c. 24.50 kg

d. 24.00 kg

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EVALUATIONS

Do the following exercise correctly

6. A shop gives a discount 10%. After the

discount, the price of a T-shirt is

Rp45,000.00. What is the price of T-shirt

before the discount?

a. Rp50,000.00

b. Rp49,500.00

c. Rp40,500.00

d. Rp40,000.00

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EVALUATIONS

Do the following exercise correctly

7. Mr. Jhon saves Rp2,500,000.00 at a bank.

The bank gives an interest rate of 16% per

year. After 3 months, how much money does

Mr. Jhon save?

a. Rp2,550,000.00

b. Rp2,600.000.00

c. Rp2,800,000.00

d. Rp2,900,000.00

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