indonesia country report presentation

7/28/2019 Indonesia Country Report Presentation

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INDONESIA COUNTRY REPORT ONNDONESIA COUNTRY REPORT ON

LOCAL LANGUAGE COMPUTINGOCAL LANGUAGE COMPUTING

POLICY INITIATIVESOLICY INITIATIVES

Presented by:

MoedjionoSenior Advisor to the Minister for International Relations and Digital Divide

In:

The Regional Consultation on Local Language Computing Policy in Developing Asia

22nd-24th January, 2007

Thimphu, Bhutan

MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION

AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA



20 mother20 mother--languages in the worldlanguages in the world

with more than 50 million speakers with more than 50 million speakers [Comrie 2003][Comrie 2003]

Ranked 13th



100 mother100 mother--languages in the worldlanguages in the world with > 50 million with > 50 million

speakers,speakers, 11--20 ranked20 ranked (in million speakers) [Grimes 1996]:(in million speakers) [Grimes 1996]:

Chinese Mandarin (885) English (322) Spanish (266)Chinese Mandarin (885) English (322) Spanish (266)

Bengali (189) Hindi (182) Portuguese (170Bengali (189) Hindi (182) Portuguese (170 ) )

Russian (170) Japanese (125) German (98)Russian (170) Japanese (125) German (98)

Chinese Wu (77.175)Chinese Wu (77.175) Javanese (75.500.800) Javanese (75.500.800)Æ

Ranked 11thRanked 11thKorean (75) French (72) Vietnamese (66.8Korean (75) French (72) Vietnamese (66.897)97)

Telugu (66.350) Chinese Yue (66) Marathi (64.783) Telugu (66.350) Chinese Yue (66) Marathi (64.783)

Tamil (63.075) Turkish (59) Urdu (56.584) Tamil (63.075) Turkish (59) Urdu (56.584)

Javanese Javanese isis ranked 13th in the worldranked 13th in the world, or if we uses the, or if we uses the

newest data, it isnewest data, it is ranked 11th in the world.ranked 11th in the world.



IndonesiaIndonesia’’s Unique Characteristicss Unique Characteristics Geographically, Indonesia is located in South East Asia,Geographically, Indonesia is located in South East Asia,

have a total area of 9.8 million square kilometers, of whichhave a total area of 9.8 million square kilometers, of which81% is sea. It is the world81% is sea. It is the world’’s largest archipelagic country s largest archipelagic country comprising of 5 main islands and 30 small islands and overcomprising of 5 main islands and 30 small islands and over

17,000 islands, of which a third are inhabited.17,000 islands, of which a third are inhabited. The country is divided into 33 provinces, 268 regencies, 73 The country is divided into 33 provinces, 268 regencies, 73

municipalities, 4,044 subdistricts and 69,065 villages. Themunicipalities, 4,044 subdistricts and 69,065 villages. The

population of the country projected at 230 millions, thepopulation of the country projected at 230 millions, thefourth most populous country in the world, with unevenfourth most populous country in the world, with unevendistribution, unbalanced regional development.distribution, unbalanced regional development.

The culture is very diversified with more than 520 ethnic The culture is very diversified with more than 520 ethnicgroups and 742 local languages, of which 737 are indigenousgroups and 742 local languages, of which 737 are indigenouslanguages [IDC 2006].languages [IDC 2006].

The country has more rural than urban areas with urban The country has more rural than urban areas with urban

teledensity of 11teledensity of 11--25%, rural density 0.2%, around 43.02225%, rural density 0.2%, around 43.022 villages (62.3% from 69,065 villages) without phones. villages (62.3% from 69,065 villages) without phones.



LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA

There are There are 6000 languages in the world6000 languages in the world [Crystal 1987] and[Crystal 1987] andare grouped intoare grouped into 17 language17 language--familyfamily [Comrie 2003]:[Comrie 2003]:

IndoIndo--European, Uralic, Altaic, ChukotkoEuropean, Uralic, Altaic, Chukotko--Kamchatkan,Kamchatkan,Caucasian, AfroCaucasian, Afro-- Asiatic, Nilo Asiatic, Nilo--Saharan, NigerSaharan, Niger--Congo, Koisan,Congo, Koisan,

EskimoEskimo-- Aleut, Na Aleut, Na--dene, Amerind, Dravidian, Sinodene, Amerind, Dravidian, Sino-- Tibetian, Tibetian,

Austric, Papuan, Australian Aboriginal. Austric, Papuan, Australian Aboriginal.

Around Around 50% of the languages is in Asia50% of the languages is in Asia--Oceania regionOceania region,,

andand 12% of the world12% of the world--languages is in Indonesialanguages is in Indonesia..

Indonesia has 726 local languagesIndonesia has 726 local languages [SIL 2001],[SIL 2001], 22ndnd rankedranked

as language diversity laboratory in the worldas language diversity laboratory in the world afterafter PapuaPapuaNiuginiNiugini which which has 867 languageshas 867 languages..



The local languages are not distributed evenly in Indonesia. The local languages are not distributed evenly in Indonesia.

The total languages are increasing from west to east, but the to The total languages are increasing from west to east, but the total inhabitants aretal inhabitants are

increasing from east to west.increasing from east to west.



In Indonesia, there are at least 13 biggest local languagesIn Indonesia, there are at least 13 biggest local languages

with at least one million speakers [Crystal 1987] with at least one million speakers [Crystal 1987]

Javanese (75,200,000) Sundanese (27,000,000) Javanese (75,200,000) Sundanese (27,000,000) Malay (20,000,000)Malay (20,000,000)Madurese (13,694,000) Minangkabau (6,500,000) BataMadurese (13,694,000) Minangkabau (6,500,000) Batak (5,150,000)k (5,150,000)

Buginese (4,000,000) Balinese (3,800,000)Buginese (4,000,000) Balinese (3,800,000) Acehnese (3,000,000) Acehnese (3,000,000)

Sasak (2,100,000) Makassarese (1,600,000)Sasak (2,100,000) Makassarese (1,600,000) Lampung (1,500,000)Lampung (1,500,000)

Rejang (1,000,000)Rejang (1,000,000)



The 13 biggest local languages are still debatable, because The 13 biggest local languages are still debatable, because MalayMalaylanguagelanguage has not been comprehensively handled, as there arehas not been comprehensively handled, as there aremany language variations hidden in several names, e.g. [Summermany language variations hidden in several names, e.g. [SummerInstitute of LinguisticsInstitute of Linguistics -- SIL 2001]:SIL 2001]:

Ancalong Kutai, Bacan, Bayat, Banjar, Basemah, Batin, Ancalong Kutai, Bacan, Bayat, Banjar, Basemah, Batin,Bengkulu, Benkulan, Betawi, Bintuhan, Bukit, Dawas, Jambi,Bengkulu, Benkulan, Betawi, Bintuhan, Bukit, Dawas, Jambi,

Kaur, Kayu Agung, Kelingi, Kerinci, Kincai, Kubu, Kupang,Kaur, Kayu Agung, Kelingi, Kerinci, Kincai, Kubu, Kupang,Lako, Lalang, Lematang, Lemantang, Lembak, Linggau,Lako, Lalang, Lematang, Lemantang, Lembak, Linggau,Lintang, Loncong, Lubu, Melayu Ambon, Melayu Bali Loloan,Lintang, Loncong, Lubu, Melayu Ambon, Melayu Bali Loloan,Banjar, Berau, Bukit, Melayu Deli, Melayu Jakarta, MelayuBanjar, Berau, Bukit, Melayu Deli, Melayu Jakarta, Melayu

Jambi, Melayu Kupang, Melayu Kutai, Melayu Maluku, Melayu Jambi, Melayu Kupang, Melayu Kutai, Melayu Maluku, MelayuManado, Merau, Minang, Minahasa, Palembang, Tenggarong,Manado, Merau, Minang, Minahasa, Palembang, Tenggarong, Ternate, Meratus, Minangkabau, Mokomoko, Mukomuko, Musi, Ternate, Meratus, Minangkabau, Mokomoko, Mukomuko, Musi,Ogan, Orang Laut, Padang, Palembang, Pasemah, Penasak,Ogan, Orang Laut, Padang, Palembang, Pasemah, Penasak,

Penesak, Ranau, Rawas, Ridan, Semendo, Serawai, Serawi,Penesak, Ranau, Rawas, Ridan, Semendo, Serawai, Serawi,Sindang Kelingi, Suku Batin, Supat, Tenggarong, TenggarongSindang Kelingi, Suku Batin, Supat, Tenggarong, TenggarongKutai, Tungkal, Tungkal Ilir, Ulu, and Ulu Lako.Kutai, Tungkal, Tungkal Ilir, Ulu, and Ulu Lako.

The Malay language variations also appears in several countries. The Malay language variations also appears in several countries.

If all Malay language variations are combined, it may be theIf all Malay language variations are combined, it may be thebiggest motherbiggest mother--language in the world.language in the world.



There are hundreds of local languages with less than There are hundreds of local languages with less than

one million speakers, which can becomeone million speakers, which can become potentially potentiallyendangered languages, endangered languages,endangered languages, endangered languages,seriously endangered languagesseriously endangered languages,, moribound languagesmoribound languages,,or evenor even extinct languagesextinct languages..

The local language will be sustainable, if they have at The local language will be sustainable, if they have atleast 1000 speakers. The local language that have 500 orleast 1000 speakers. The local language that have 500 orless speakers are seriously endangered language. Thereless speakers are seriously endangered language. There

areare 169 local languages169 local languages asas seriously endangeredseriously endangeredlanguagelanguage in Indonesia.in Indonesia.

The The policy for language revitalization policy for language revitalization as well as itsas well as its

cultureculture is needed to sustained the local languages,is needed to sustained the local languages,because the languages will extinct if we damage thebecause the languages will extinct if we damage thehabitat of the speakers culture as well.habitat of the speakers culture as well.



85% Indonesian still using Local languages85% Indonesian still using Local languages as daily as daily

languages in the community languages in the community ÆÆ mother languagesmother languages

[Lauder[Lauder

2006]2006]

National/Indonesian LanguageNational/Indonesian Language is used in:is used in: administrativeadministrative

officials, schools, sciences, & mass media.officials, schools, sciences, & mass media. 84,87%84,87% can speak can speak IndonesianIndonesian [Alwi 2000][Alwi 2000]

10 local languages10 local languages have theirhave their own local script:own local script: Balinese,Balinese,

Javanese, Sundanese, Buginese/Makassarese, Karo, Javanese, Sundanese, Buginese/Makassarese, Karo,Mandailing, Lampung, Rejang, Toba, and KerinciMandailing, Lampung, Rejang, Toba, and Kerinci

[Sugono 2001][Sugono 2001]

8 National & Local languages8 National & Local languages used in theused in the Internet:Internet:

Indonesian,Indonesian, Acehnese, Balinese, Buginese, Javanese, Acehnese, Balinese, Buginese, Javanese,

Madurese, Minangkabau, & SundaneseMadurese, Minangkabau, & Sundanese [Hammam 2006][Hammam 2006]



INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGESINTERNATIONAL LANGUAGES

English, Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, German, French, JapaneseEnglish, Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, German, French, Japanese, etc., etc. EnglishEnglish is one of a number of foreign languages which haveis one of a number of foreign languages which have

been in use for sometime or which are coming to be taught.been in use for sometime or which are coming to be taught. Widely used in range of fields such as politics, diplomacy, Widely used in range of fields such as politics, diplomacy,international trade and industry, commerce, science andinternational trade and industry, commerce, science andtechnology, education, media, information technology, andtechnology, education, media, information technology, and popular culture. popular culture.

Arabic Arabic has long been learned in connection with the Islamichas long been learned in connection with the Islamicfaith, for religious purposes, especially for Qurfaith, for religious purposes, especially for Qur’’anic recitationanic recitationand prayers.and prayers.

ChineseChinese has been used widely in Chinese townhas been used widely in Chinese town -- business center.business center.

An educated people ( An educated people (multilingual peoplemultilingual people)) -- at least have toat least have tomaster 3 languagesmaster 3 languages, i.e.,, i.e., local languagelocal language as individualas individualdevelopment,development, IndonesianIndonesian as media to get along in nationalas media to get along in nationalactivities, &activities, & EnglishEnglish as media for adopting the sciences, positiveas media for adopting the sciences, positive

culture for national interest and to get along in Internationalculture for national interest and to get along in Internationalactivities.activities.



Multilingualism Issue in the InternetMultilingualism Issue in the Internet

Since its early days, the Internet has been a predominantly Since its early days, the Internet has been a predominantly EnglishEnglish--speaking mediumspeaking medium – – approximately 80% of webapproximately 80% of web

content.content.

This situation has prompted many countries to take This situation has prompted many countries to take

concerted action in promoting multilingualism and inconcerted action in promoting multilingualism and in

protecting culturalprotecting cultural -- language diversity.language diversity. The promotion of multilingualism is not only a cultural The promotion of multilingualism is not only a cultural

issue, but it is directly related to the need for furtherissue, but it is directly related to the need for further

development of the Internet, to be used by wider parts of society , content must be accessible in more languages ÆÆ

“Localization” - “Internet multilingualism” –

“Internationalised Domain Names - IDN”.



LOCAL & CROSSLOCAL & CROSS--BORDER LANGUAGES IN INTERNETBORDER LANGUAGES IN INTERNET

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%90%

100%

bn id kh la my mm ph sg th tp vn

South East Asia

% Local Languages % English % Other Cross Boader Languages

Note:

Cross-Boarder Languages in Indonesia:

English, Arabic, Chinese, French,

German, Dutch, Japanese, etc.



ICT INFRASTRUCTURESICT INFRASTRUCTURES

Telephone lines Telephone lines : 9.4 million: 9.4 million -- fixed & 27.9 millionfixed & 27.9 million -- mobile.mobile.

Public phonesPublic phones : 382,000 units.: 382,000 units.Internet penetrationInternet penetration : 1,2 million subscribers & 12 million users.: 1,2 million subscribers & 12 million users.

Internet KiosksInternet Kiosks : 261,000.: 261,000.

Internet Exchanges (IX)Internet Exchanges (IX) : 3.: 3.

Internet users per 100 populationInternet users per 100 population : 3.76.: 3.76.

Computers penetrationComputers penetration : 2,519,000.: 2,519,000.

Computers per 100 populationComputers per 100 population : 1.19.: 1.19.

Internet host computersInternet host computers : 62,036.: 62,036.Internet host computers per 100 population : 0.03.Internet host computers per 100 population : 0.03.

Total International bandwith (Mbps) Total International bandwith (Mbps) : 573 Mbps.: 573 Mbps.

Bits per inhabitantBits per inhabitant : 2.7.: 2.7.Internet access cost (20 hours/month) in US$: 22.26Internet access cost (20 hours/month) in US$: 22.26

ISPISP : 140 licenses, 35 operational.: 140 licenses, 35 operational.

Radio Broadcasting Radio Broadcasting : 1,400 stations (nation: 1,400 stations (nation-- wide & local). wide & local).

TV Broadcasting TV Broadcasting : 10 nation: 10 nation-- wide networks. wide networks.

Pay TV Pay TV : 4 TV cables, 2 DBS TV.: 4 TV cables, 2 DBS TV.



-- The prediction of bandwidth consumption, internet users and The prediction of bandwidth consumption, internet users andcomputer population, based on the study by the Palapa Ring Teamcomputer population, based on the study by the Palapa Ring Team

[Postel 2006], are as follows:[Postel 2006], are as follows:20062006 20152015

== Bandwith ConsumptionBandwith Consumption 7,000,000 Kbps7,000,000 Kbps 78,067,335 Kbps78,067,335 Kbps

== Internet Users (Fair)Internet Users (Fair) 8,252,4378,252,437 16,518,89016,518,890Internet Users (Optimist)Internet Users (Optimist) 17,247,68317,247,683 34,524,65934,524,659

== PC Population (Fair)PC Population (Fair) 2,541,0272,541,027 5,086,3705,086,370

PC Population (Optimist)PC Population (Optimist) 8,304,3278,304,327 16,622,75816,622,758-- ICT PC Hardware market: 2006=1,106,940; 2007=1,25ICT PC Hardware market: 2006=1,106,940; 2007=1,257,5317,531

-- ICT Software Developers Population: 2006=621,000; 2007=682,000ICT Software Developers Population: 2006=621,000; 2007=682,000

-- Total IT market in Indonesia for 2007: will reach US$1.9 billion Total IT market in Indonesia for 2007: will reach US$1.9 billion with a with aCompound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 9.5% from 2002 to 2007Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 9.5% from 2002 to 2007(source: IDC).(source: IDC).

-- The Indonesian ICT vision is The Indonesian ICT vision is ““To establish a global competitive Indonesian To establish a global competitive Indonesian Knowledge Knowledge - - Based Society based on national values and cultures Based Society based on national values and cultures ””..



Growth Projection of the Indonesian Infocom ServicesGrowth Projection of the Indonesian Infocom Services

Source: Business Monitor International and Internal

Fixed Phone

Mobile Phone Broadband User

Internet User



EXISTING FIBER EXISTING FIBER OPTICOPTIC NETWORK NETWORK

Sulawesi

Kalimantan

о

о

о

оо

Banda Aceh

Sabang

Medan

Palembang

Jakarta

о

Cirebon

о

Semarang

о

Surabaya

оо

оKetapang

Gilimanuk

о

Karangasem

о

Mataram

о

Sumbawa

оо

о

ReoMaumereLarantuka

о

Kupang

о

о

Singkawang

о

oSampitBanjarmasin

о

о

о

о

Balikpapan

Samarinda

Tarakan

оPalu

оо

о

о

о

о

о

Batam

о

ManadoToli-toli

Gorontalo

Luwuk

о

Kendari

о

Ujungpandang

o

Sibolga

о

о

Meulaboh

Tapaktuan

оNatal

Padang

Bengkulu

Kalianda

оBelitung

o

Waingapu

Kalabahi

o

Merauke

o

oo

o

Biak

Nabire

Ambon

o

o

Saumlaki

oDoboo

Tual

o

o o

Manokwari

Salawati

Tobelo

o

Palopo

Sumatera

Jawa Nusa Tenggara

Maluku - Irian

Pontianak

Atambua

Jaringan SMW-2/3

to Perth, Australia

to Asia Pacific

to India

Jaringan

COMNET PLUS

Jaringan

EXCELCOMINDO

Jaringan TELKOM

to Thailand



BackboneBackbone DomesticDomestic -- Trans Trans MicrowaveMicrowave

(operated by Telkom)(operated by Telkom)

LEGEND :

SKKL

SKSO NR & SR JAWA - BALI

GMD JAWA-BALI, CROSS

KALIMANTAN, NUSA TENGGARA & TRANS

SULAWESI

SKSO RA-IV SUMATRA

GMD RA-IV SUMATRA

BATAS NEGARA

GMD PARMO SULAWESI

GMD TSM-1 SUMATRA

GMD TSM-2 SUMATRA

GMD XSUM SUMATRA

SKSO HPBB SUMATRA

SKKL TIS

PGL

KALIMANTAN

JAWA

NUSA TENGGARA

IRIAN JAYA

SULAWESI

MALUKUSUMATERA

UP

MWBIA

SMI

JAP

FF NAB

SON

AB

MRK

TT

GTO

MO

SNN

LWKPAL

PSO

PRE KDIGKRS

ON

BPP

SMR

PLK

TAR

BJM

PTK

BTA

PG

TJN

LT

BDL

JB

PD

MDN

LSM

BNA

JKTCBN

SM

YK SLO

BD

PKL

PWT

SB

M

N

BMA

ML

JR

BWI DPR

MTR

LRT

MMEEND

BJW

RTG

KEF

SOEKP

KAI

ATB

BPD

GBL

GB

PBRSKN

BN

MET

BOO



LEGEND :

SKKL

SKSO NR & SR JAWA - BALI

GMD JAWA-BALI, CROSS

KALIMANTAN, NUSA TENGGARA

& TRANS SULAWESI

SKSO RA-IV SUMATRA

GMD RA-IV SUMATRA

BATAS NEGARA

GMD PARMO SULAWESI

GMD TSM-1 SUMATRA

GMD TSM-2 SUMATRA

GMD XSUM SUMATRA

SKSO HPBB SUMATRA

PGL

KALIMANTAN

JAWA

NUSA TENGGARA

IRIAN JAYA

SULAWESI

MALUKUSUMATERA

UP

MW BIA

SMI

JAP

FFNAB

SON

AB

MRK

TT

GTO

MO

SNN

LWKPAL

PSO

PRE KDIGKRS

ON

BPP

SMR

PLK

TAR

BJM

PTK

BTA

PG

TJN

LT

BDL

JB

PD

MDN

LSM

BNA

JKTCBN

SM

YK SLO

BD

PKL

PWT

SB

M

N

BMA

ML

JR

BWI DPR

MTR

LRT

MMEEND

BJW

RTG

KEF

SOEKP

KAI

ATB

BPD

GBL

GB

Telkom-1Palapa C2

PBRSKN

BN

MET

BOO

SKKL TIS

BackboneBackbone DomesticDomestic – – SatelliteSatellite

(operated(operated by Telkom)by Telkom)

Palapa B4 TELKOM-2/24Xpdr TELKOM-3/48Xpdr

Year 2008



LOCAL LANGUAGE COMPUTING POLICY LOCAL LANGUAGE COMPUTING POLICY

1945 Constitution (UUD)1945 Constitution (UUD) -- Chapter XV Chapter XV – – Paragraph 36:Paragraph 36: ““ The national The national

Language of Indonesia is IndonesianLanguage of Indonesia is Indonesian””.. UU/Law No.2/1989UU/Law No.2/1989 – – National Education.National Education.

UU/Law No.22/1999UU/Law No.22/1999 – – Local Autonomy.Local Autonomy.

UU/Law No.25/1999UU/Law No.25/1999

– –

Financial Balance between Center and LocalFinancial Balance between Center and Local

Government.Government. Government Regulation No.25/2000Government Regulation No.25/2000 – – Share Authority betweenShare Authority between

Center and Local Government.Center and Local Government.

Draft Law of Language: the uses/management/development/foster/Draft Law of Language: the uses/management/development/foster/maintenance of National/Local and Foreign Languages.maintenance of National/Local and Foreign Languages.

Draft Law of Information and Electronic Transaction.Draft Law of Information and Electronic Transaction.

Draft Law of Freedom of Information Flow and Access.Draft Law of Freedom of Information Flow and Access.

2008: Language Center of Ministry of National Education will pub2008: Language Center of Ministry of National Education will publishlishLocal Language Mapping & InterLocal Language Mapping & Inter--relationship Diagram.relationship Diagram.

BlueBlue--Print/Researh management plan for safety effort of thePrint/Researh management plan for safety effort of the

endangered languages by Language Center of Ministry of Nationalendangered languages by Language Center of Ministry of NationalEducation.Education.



RELEVANT GOVERNMENT AGENCIESRELEVANT GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

Ministry of National Education – National Language Center Ministry of Communication and Information Technology

Ministry of Research and Technology – Technology Development and

Implementation Agency Ministry of Culture and Tourism

Universities - Department of Language/Literary

House of Representative National Center for Statistics

Ministry of Social Affairs - Directorate of Isolated Tribes

The Summer Institute of Linguistics

The National Language Organization

Other Private Organizations/Foundations – Culture/Language/Literary/ICT (Software, Hardware, & Services)



POLICY/PROJECT INITIATIVESPOLICY/PROJECT INITIATIVES

The National Language mapping Project by National Language Cente The National Language mapping Project by National Language Center:r:““Research on Cognates and Mapping of Regional Languages inResearch on Cognates and Mapping of Regional Languages in

IndonesiaIndonesia””, started in 1992 for 15 years., started in 1992 for 15 years.

Thesaurus/Spelling Checker Project of National/Indonesian Langua Thesaurus/Spelling Checker Project of National/Indonesian Languagege

by University of Indonesia and the team.by University of Indonesia and the team.

Javanese Script Project by University of Indonesia and the team. Javanese Script Project by University of Indonesia and the team.

Ford Foundation: Initiative in Local Language Inventory of LocalFord Foundation: Initiative in Local Language Inventory of LocalLanguages Education and Research in Universities.Languages Education and Research in Universities.

Universities Video Conferencing Network Project (INHERENT 2006)Universities Video Conferencing Network Project (INHERENT 2006)

-- connecting 32 Universities/Cities in Indonesia.connecting 32 Universities/Cities in Indonesia.

Global Development Learning Network (GDLN)Global Development Learning Network (GDLN) -- connecting 4connecting 4

Universities in Indonesia ( Universities in Indonesia (UI-Jakarta, UNRI-Pekanbaru, UDAYANA-Denpasar, UNHAS-Makassar) with 60 countries. with 60 countries.

Presidential Decree on Underdeveloped Villages.Presidential Decree on Underdeveloped Villages.



Initiative in Local Language InventoryInitiative in Local Language Inventory

of Local Languages Education and Researchof Local Languages Education and Research

in Universitiesin Universities

40 Universities all over Indonesia Thousands of languages research projects

> 556 Courses taught



ACEH ACEH



EAST JAVA EAST JAVA

PAPUA



PAPUA PAPUA



COURSES TAUGHT IN UNIVERSITIESCOURSES TAUGHT IN UNIVERSITIES

P



PapersPapers

U i i i Vid C f N k i I d iU i i i Vid C f N k i I d i



Universities Video Conference Network in IndonesiaUniversities Video Conference Network in Indonesia

(Connecting 32 Cities)(Connecting 32 Cities)

Banda Aceh

Medan

Serang

Bandung

Jkt-UI

Jkt-DIKTI

Jogja

Malang

SurabayaSemarang

Denpasar

Bandar Lampung

Bengkulu

Pontianak

Padang

Palangkaraya

Palembang

JambiPekanbaru

Makasar

Palu

Manado

Samarinda

Banjarmasin

Gorontalo

Kendari

Kupang

Mataram

Jayapura

Manukwari

Ternate

Ambon

155Mbps(STM-1)

8 Mbps

Inherent 2006

2 Mbps1 Mbps(Redundant Link)

Note:

Global Development Learning Network (GDLN) -Connecting 60 countries; Indonesia (UI-Jakarta, UNRI-

Pekanbaru, UDAYANA-Denpasar, UNHAS-Makassar)

Bandwith:



THANK YOUTHANK YOU

indonesia country report presentation

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