KAORU ISHIKAWA BIOGRAPHY AND HIS CONTRIBUTION IN TQM

REPORTERS:

Analyn A. Asuncion

John Estrera

DR. KAORU ISHIKAWA

* July 13, 1915 - April 16, 1989

* In 1939, graduated University ofTokyo with an engineering degree

* One of the world’s foremost authorities on Quality Control

CONTRIBUTIONS

1. User Friendly Quality Control

2. Fishbone Cause and Effect Diagram –Ishikawa diagram

3. Implementation and Explored the concept of Quality Circles

4. Emphasized the Internal Customer  

He also showed the importance of the seven quality tools: check sheet, control chart, run chart, histogram, scatter diagram, Pareto chart and flowchart.

USER-FRIENDLY QUALITY CONTROL

Quality control (QC) is crucial for any scientific method producing data. Applying adequate QC introduces new challenges in the genomics field where large amounts of data are produced with complex technologies

ISHIKAWA EXPANDED THE DEMING’S PLAN-DO-CHECK- ACT MODEL’S FOUR STEPS INTO FOLLOWING SIX

FISHBONE (ISHIKAWA) DIAGRAM

identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem. It can be used to structure a brainstorming session. It immediately sorts ideas into useful categories.

shows the causes of an event and is often used in manufacturing and product development to outline the different steps in a process, demonstrate where quality control issues might arise and determine which resources are required at specific times.

Major categories of causes of the problem:

Methods

Machines (equipment)

People (manpower)

Materials

Measurement

Environment

QUALITY CIRCLE

is a group of workers who do the same or similar work, who meet regularly to identify, analyze and solve work-related problems.

are typically more formal groups.

have the advantage of continuity

A quality circle is a small group of between three and 12 people who do the same or similar work, voluntarily meeting together regularly for about one hour per week in paid time, usually under the leadership of their own supervisor, and trained to identify, analyze and solve some of the problems in their work, presenting solutions to management and, where possible, implementing solutions themselves.

TWO MAIN TASKS ASSIGNED TO QUALITY CIRCLES:

1. The identification of problems; and the suggestion of solutions.

2. Boost the morale of the group through attendance at the meetings and the formal opportunity to discuss work-related issues.

THE INTENDED PURPOSE OF A QUALITY CIRCLE IS TO;

Support the improvement and development of the company

Respect human relations in the workplace and increase job satisfaction

Draw out employee potential

He believed quality must be company wide – including the product, service, management, the company itself and the people. Quality improvement must be company wide in order to be successful and sustainable.

OBJECTIVES OF A QUALITY CIRCLE

To contribute actively towards the improvement and development of the organization.

To exist within the prevailing organizational structure to overcome the barriers so as to foster an open exchange of ideas.

To develop a positive attitude and a feel of a sense of involvement in the decision making process amongst the employees

To help employees to respect humanity and to build a happy work place worthwhile to work.

To display human capabilities completely and to draw out the numerous possibilities in a long run.

To improve the quality of products and services.

To improve various competencies. This is also one of the goals in all organizations.

To reduce the cost and the wasteful efforts in the long run.

To improve efficiencies which in turn reduce the lead time resulting in an improvement in meeting customers due dates.

Customer satisfaction is the fundamental goal for any organization. Quality circles help in achieving this goal and help the organization to be competitive for a long time.

BENEFITS OF QUALITY CIRCLES

Quality circles assist in the self development of members by improving self confidence, attitudinal change and a sense of accomplishment.

Quality circles are consultative and participative activities where every member cooperates with others. This interaction assists in developing harmony and team spirit.

Quality circle members have a chance for attaining new knowledge by sharing opinions, thoughts and experience.

Every member gets a chance to build up his leadership potential because of the fact that any member can become a leader.

The mutual problem solving and presentation before the management assists the members to develop their communication skills.

Quality circles promote creativity by tapping the undeveloped intellectual skills of the individual. Individuals in addition execute activities diverse from regular work. This enhances their self confidence and gives them big job satisfaction.

Quality circles create a tension free atmosphere which is liked and understood by each individual member. Under such atmosphere each member cooperates with others.

EMPHASIZED THE INTERNAL CUSTOMER

*Internal customer are usually the stakeholders, employees and shareholders.

*Ishikawa was the first guru who emphasized the importance of “Internal Customer” the next person in the production process.

*He let the employees to be totally involved in improving quality.

7 BASIC QUALITY TOOLS

is a designation given to a fixed set of graphical techniques identified as being most helpful in trouble shooting issues related to quality.

7 basic tools:

Cause and effect

Check sheet

Control Chart

Histogram

Pareto Chart

Scatter Diagram

Stratification

CAUSE AND EFFECT

Also known as Fishbone Chart.

it identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem and sorts ideas into useful categories.

CHECK SHEET

it is a structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data; a generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.

CONTROL CHART

it is a graph used to study how a process changes over time.

HISTOGRAM

it is the most commonly used graph for showing frequency distributions, or how often each different value in a set of data occurs.

PARETO CHART

it shows on a bar graph which factors are more significant.

SCATTER DIAGRAM

it is a graph pairs of numerical data, one variable on each axis, to look for a relationship.

STRATIFICATION

is a technique that separates data gathered from a variety of sources so that patterns can be seen.

It can also replace with flow chart

THE END.THANK YOU FOR

LISTENING

REFERENCES:

*Excerpted from Nancy R. Tague’s The Quality Toolbox, Second Edition, ASQ Quality Press, 2005, pages 247–249.

*http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/cause-analysis-tools/overview/fishbone.html

*http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/ishikawa-diagram.asp

*https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_circle

*http://www.economist.com/node/14301388

*http://www.mftrou.com/kaoru-ishikawa.html

*http://ispatguru.com/quality-circles-an-effective-tool-for-management/