IslamIslam

Chapter 10, Section 1Chapter 10, Section 1

Islamic OriginsIslamic Origins

Arab Nomads-called Arab Nomads-called BedouinsBedouins Ideals of courage and loyalty to family Ideals of courage and loyalty to family

and warrior skills become part of the and warrior skills become part of the Islamic way of lifeIslamic way of life

Belief in ONE God=Belief in ONE God=AllahAllah, the Arabic , the Arabic God known on the Arabian PeninsulaGod known on the Arabian Peninsula

Founder Of IslamFounder Of Islam

MuhammadMuhammad born to a Meccan family, born to a Meccan family, orphaned, raised by grandfather, then marriesorphaned, raised by grandfather, then marries

While meditation ~ age 40 he heard a voice call out While meditation ~ age 40 he heard a voice call out to him.to him.

The voice was the angel Gabriel, who told him that The voice was the angel Gabriel, who told him that he was a messenger of Allahhe was a messenger of Allah

Muhammad believed he was the last of the Muhammad believed he was the last of the prophetsprophets

People who believed that Allah was the one People who believed that Allah was the one and only God were called and only God were called MuslimsMuslims “one who “one who has submitted”has submitted”

What info should we put on our What info should we put on our chart?chart?

Christianity, Islam, Judaism, BuddhismChristianity, Islam, Judaism, Buddhism Mono or poly theisticMono or poly theistic Deity (name of who is worshiped)Deity (name of who is worshiped) FounderFounder BeliefsBeliefs Holy BookHoly Book Leadership Leadership

IslamIslam: “submission to the will of : “submission to the will of Allah”Allah”

Meccans felt that Muhammad’s Meccans felt that Muhammad’s teachings would lead to Mecca teachings would lead to Mecca losing its position as a pilgrimage losing its position as a pilgrimage center of the Arab gods.center of the Arab gods.

Muhammad left Mecca and migrated Muhammad left Mecca and migrated to to YathribYathrib(Medina)-this migration is (Medina)-this migration is called the called the HijrahHijrah

Return to Mecca in 630 AD those Return to Mecca in 630 AD those who pledged loyalty to Muhammad who pledged loyalty to Muhammad and Islam became part of the and Islam became part of the UmmaUmma, Muslim community, Muslim community

Sunna: model life after Sunna: model life after Muhammad’s exampleMuhammad’s example

Shari’a: a system of laws that Shari’a: a system of laws that regulate the family life, moral regulate the family life, moral conduct, and business & conduct, and business & community life of Muslimscommunity life of Muslims

Muslims view Jesus as a prophet Muslims view Jesus as a prophet not as the son of Godnot as the son of God

Yahweh = God = AllahYahweh = God = Allah Ancestry traced to Abraham.Ancestry traced to Abraham.

5 Pillars:5 Pillars: FaithFaith”There is no God but Allah, ”There is no God but Allah,

and Muhammad is the Messenger of and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.”Allah.”

PrayersPrayers Pray 5 times a day toward Pray 5 times a day toward Mecca. Mosque: Islamic house of Mecca. Mosque: Islamic house of worshipworship

AlmsAlms money for the poor money for the poor FastingFasting during the holy month of during the holy month of

Ramadan, Muslims fast between Ramadan, Muslims fast between dawn and sunsetdawn and sunset

PilgrimagePilgrimageperform the Hajj, or perform the Hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca.pilgrimage to Mecca.

Revelations of Muhammad were Revelations of Muhammad were collected in the collected in the Qur’an (Koran)Qur’an (Koran), the , the holy book of the muslims written in holy book of the muslims written in ArabicArabic

CaliphCaliph successor successor

SunniSunni majority majority The 1st 4 caliphs were “rightly The 1st 4 caliphs were “rightly

guided.”guided.” Believe you should follow the SunnaBelieve you should follow the Sunna Claim that the Shi’a have distorted Claim that the Shi’a have distorted

the meaning of the passages in the the meaning of the passages in the Qur’an(Koran)Qur’an(Koran)

Shi’aShi’a Believe that Ali, prophet’s son- Believe that Ali, prophet’s son-in-law should have succeeded in-law should have succeeded MuhammadMuhammad Believe that all muslim rulers should be Believe that all muslim rulers should be

descended from Muhammaddescended from Muhammad Do not recognize the authority of the Do not recognize the authority of the

SunnaSunna Claim that the Sunni have distorted Claim that the Sunni have distorted

passages in the Qur’an (Koran)passages in the Qur’an (Koran)

A follower of Islam.A follower of Islam.

A supreme political A supreme political and religious leader and religious leader

in a Muslim in a Muslim governmentgovernment

A monotheistic A monotheistic religion that religion that

developed in Arabia developed in Arabia in the 7in the 7thth Century. Century.

An Islamic model for An Islamic model for living based on the living based on the

teachings of teachings of Muhammad.Muhammad.

Branch of Islam whose Branch of Islam whose members acknowledge members acknowledge

the first 4 caliphs as the first 4 caliphs as the rightful successors the rightful successors

to Muhammad.to Muhammad.

One God of Islam.One God of Islam.

Body of Islamic law.Body of Islamic law.

Islamic house of Islamic house of worship.worship.

Branch of Islam whose Branch of Islam whose members believe that members believe that

Ali and his descendants Ali and his descendants are the successors of are the successors of

Muhammad.Muhammad.

Arab prophet Arab prophet who founded who founded

Islam.Islam.

Muhammad’s move Muhammad’s move from Mecca to from Mecca to

Yathrib.Yathrib.

Pilgrimage to Mecca.Pilgrimage to Mecca.

Holy book of Islam.Holy book of Islam.