RACE 17

International Seminar

On Trend Setting Structures January 21, 2017, Mysore

Ajit Sabnis

President, ACCE(I)

Dictionary

Establishing or Influencing a new

trend or fashion

Mega trends are transformative forces that

define the future world with their far reaching

impact on business, societies, economies,

cultures and personal lives.

SMART CITY DIAMOND

MEGA TREND

ECONOMIC POLICIES

POPULATION

HUMAN COMFORT

TECHNOLOGY

CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

CULTURAL POLICIES

TREND SETTER

BUILDING

S

U

S

T

A

I

N

A

B

I

L

I

T

Y

Twisting towers around the world

Vertical garden

Bio mimicry inspired

Coral inspired building

India’s first zero energy building Indira Paryavaran Building, Delhi

Where internal and external environments are seamlessly integrated

CUBIC HOUSE COMPLEX, NETHERLANDS

Museum Building in Spain)

ARCHITECTS LIKE

ZAHA HADID,

MOSHE SAFDI,

FRANK GHERY,

WERE INSPIRED

BY MODERN

MATERIALS –

HIGH STRENGTH

AND LOW

DENSITY

Zaha Hadid Architects’ Urban

Heritage Administration Centre

takes its design from the

surrounding desert

Studio Dror

designs

Aluminium

geodesic

Biosphere

TRENDS OF THE FUTURE

ZERO &

LOW ENERGY BUILDINGS

PRECAST / PEB / MONOLITHIC / MODULAR

HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

BUILDINGS WITH AUTOMATION

PASSIVE ARCHITECTURE

ERGONOMICALLY DESIGNED BUILDINGS

ZERO & LOW ENERGY BUILDINGS

A zero-energy building is a

building where the total amount

of energy used by the building on

an annual basis is roughly

equal to the amount of

renewable energy

created on the site.

A low energy building has low

embodied energy throughout its

life time. World’s lowest energy

building is in Sweden with a value

of about 160 MJ/Sqm

SUSTAINABILITY

IN TRUE SENSE Holistic

Integration

of all the three

independent

environmental

entities.

Engineers

focus on the

sphere of

Natural

Environment.

Sustainable development

The Conflict !

Development which meets the needs of current

generations without compromising the ability

of future generations to meet their own needs

-World Commission on Environment and Development

INDUSTRIAL

DEVELOPMENT

SUSTAINABILITY

GOALS

INTEGRATION

ROLE OF ENGINEERS AND TECHNOLOGISTS

FOLLOWED BY:

• INDIA PLAYED A MAJOR ROLE.

• 195 COUNTRIES PARTICIPATED

• DEVELOPED NATIONS PLEDGED

• FINACE OF 100 B-USD

• STRIVE HARD TO HOLD GLOBAL

TEMPRATURE RISE BELOW 1.5 DEG

• COUNTRIES WERE BOUND BY INDCs

THEN CAME :

COP 21, THE PARIS SUMMIT, 2015

INDC : Intended Nationally

Determined Contributions

WHAT FOR ?

INDIA

CO2

6.5%

Construction

Industry

contribution

40 %

OPERATIVRE

PHASE

75 to 80 %

PRE USE AND

OTHER PHASES

20 TO 25 %

EXTENSIVE STUDY

DONE ON THIS

PHASE

NEGLECTED

PHASE .

DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS

DUE TO GLOBAL WARMING

Fossil Fuel Depletion

Ozone Depletion

Smog

Acidification

Eutrophication

Deforestation, Soil Erosion

Habitat Alteration

Loss of Bio-Diversity

Water Depletion

Ecological Toxicity

Human Health / Carcinogenic

PRE USE AND OTHER

PHASES 20 TO 25 %

CRADLE TO CRADLE SYSTEM BOUNDARY

ENERGY SCENARIO IN INDIA

• 16% OF GLOBAL POPULATION APPROXIMATELY

• INSTALLED CAPACITY – 160000 MW

• PROJECTED CAPACITY BY 2030 – 800000 MW

• CAPITAL INVESTMENT NEEDED - 1 TRILLION USD

• 66% OF INDIA’S COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS REQUIRED BY 2030 NOT YET BUILT

NO OTHER COUNTRY IN THE WORLD WOULD

HAVE ENCOUNTERED THIS KIND OF A

GROWTH IN DEMAND.

SUSTAINABLE

SOCIETY

COP

2015

INDCs

INFRA

DEV

ECONOMIC

GROWTH

INDIA

TRANSFOR

MED

SUSTAIN

ABILITY

EXPANDA

BILITY

IMPLEME

NTATION

SPEED

INDIA 2030 -VISION MAP

CARBON

SINKS ETHICS

1

2

3

170

TARGETS

INDIA

2030

• Annually, 220 billion rupees of CSR money is to be

spent on environmental initiatives.

• Propagate Sustainable Living

• Adopt Eco-friendly Paths / Mechanisms

• Reduce GHG emission by 35% by 2025

• Generate 40% of the total power required using

renewable energy technologies.

• Create additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion

tonnes by 2030.

• In addition to this India has strategized many GHG

reduction measures.

India’s Intended Nationally

Determined Contributions (INDCs)

Understand what LEBs Are ?

• Are they buildings built in modern times ?

• Are they built using modern materials ?

• Are they built with modern facilities ?

• Are they built using contemporary architecture ?

• Are they buildings with automation?

Whole Building Life Cycle Analysis :

Involves three methods- Input-out put analysis-Process

Analysis and Hybrid Analysis-First two have limitations-

Third combines both and hence more realistic.

SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS FOR

ENERGY IMPACT ANALYSIS

TPSI-Tall Building Projects Sustainability Indicator :

Takes into account sub-systems involved in a

construction process. Specialized only for buildings that

are more than 20 floors. This threshold limit is on the

established fact that beyond 20 floors, energy efficiency

dramatically changes.

MIPS – Material Intensity per Service Unit Indicator :

Quantifies ecological disturbances due to technological

interferences using FoM concept.

NEW SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS

FOR ENERGY IMPACT ANALYSIS

Green Building Rating Systems :

Most Green Building Rating systems available today are

criteria based. Whole building process are categorized

into several criteria and credited with points –

Normalizing them into Star Ratings or other

nomenclature. They are good to streamline the

processes but do not accurately measure the impact of

BE on NE.

None of the systems include properties of materials and

integrate them in the assessment process. This lacunae

calls for development of a New Sustainability

Indicator, applicable for entire Built environment with

ease.

REDECON 2016 - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TALL STRUCTURES

COMPENDIUM OF SUSTAINABLE

INDICATOR INITIATIVE TALKS ABOUT 500 +

INDICATORS

LIVING PLANET INDEX (LPI) : Global Biodiversity

Indicator

ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT INDEX (EFI) : Measures Land

and Water requirement to sustain life on earth.

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI) : Deals with Social

Dimension, Literacy, Life expectancy etc.

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY INDEX (ESI) : Quantifies

whether a country is capable of preserving its Natural

Resources

ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE INDEX (EPI) : Deals with

stresses in human beings due to environmental

deterioration.

ESSENTIALLY, LEBS…..

Display seamless connectivity between Indoor and

Outdoor spaces

They are simple, functional and clean

Most structural elements are exposed

More open spaces indoor, Less walls

Aesthetics, utility and economics are balanced

Allow more light and ventilation into the buildings

Use innovative materials

They are Green, Eco friendly, Sustainable.

Less harmful to health

Durable and Long Life

Easy to Maintain and Refurbish

Easy to Decommission and Dispose

Self Sustaining in terms of Power

Environmentally responsive

Resource efficient

Better Indoor Comfort

Enhances Human Efficiency

Low Energy Construction Materials

Local Resources and Natural Materials

Planning Of Material Procurements

Reduce, Recycle And Reuse

Proper Technologies And Methodologies

Water Saving, Waste Management

Reduce All Kinds of Pollution

Maintain and Operate Building electricity

requirements optimally.

And Many Such Steps………

LEB IMPLEMENTATION

STEPS INVOLVED IN DESIGNING A LEB

Prepare Accurate Estimate / BOQ

Normalize The Quantities Per Sqm

Use Inventory Data To Assess The Total EE / EC

Calculate The Sustainability Development Index (SDI)

using appropriate Sustainability Indicators

Establish A Benchmark Project For Datum Values

Assess The Sustainability Level of a Building

Assess Contribution Of Subsystems To The Total Impact

Replace High Impact Contributors With Low Energy

Alternative Materials / Technologies

Reassess and Implement

EE TE CO2e

I1 I2 I3

CM vs EE EE vs GW GHG vs CM

EE : Embodoed Energy

GW : Global Warming

GHG : CO2 equivalent

System: Refers to Building

SYSTEM INPUTS

QUANTIFICATION

ENERGY AUDIT

APPLICATION

Sustainable Development

Index Expressed in %

ENERGY COEFFICIENTS

SDI= (I1+I2+I3) &

SDI %

Construction Materials and

Construction Process

Material Consumption

Assessment per unit Area of

Construction

INTERACTIONS

SYNERGIC EFFECT

Sustainability Rating System

BMP VALUES

TE : Transport Energy

Individual

Building

Materials within

the Building

Infrastructure

Projects

Cluster of

Buildings

FIGURE 3: SUSTAINABILITY DEVELOPMENT INDEX MODEL

CM : Construction Materials

SDI : Sustainability Development Index

MATERIALS # Extraction # Processing # Manufacture # Transport # Delivery # Use # Maintain # Dispose CRADLE TO CRADLE

# Elasticity Modulus # Material Density # Cost of Material # Cost of Construction # Range Values

FIGURE OF MERIT

PRIMARY PARAMETERS

# Concrete # Steel # Formwork # Structural Glazing # Flooring # Masonry # Plaster # Painting # Waterproofing # Doors # Windows

# Embodied Energy # CO2 Emission

# Transport Energy # Operational Energy # EE Coefficient # EC Coefficient # Design Period # Recyclability

ENERGY AUDIT BENCH MARK PROJECT

SUSTAINABILITY

DEVELOPMENT

INDEX MODEL

(SDIM)

WITHIN

THE

SYSTEM

OUTSIDE

THE

SYSTEM

Sustainability Development Index

Interaction Model (SDIIM)

INTERACTION

VALUES

( I1, I2, I3)

COMBINING FOM

WITH RELEVANT

ECO PARAMETERS

LEADS TO …

SDI = I1+I2+I3

SDI = I1 + I2 + I3

I1= √ (ZC x EE

C x TE

C)

I2= √ (ZC x EC

C x TE

C x µ)

I3= √ (ZC x EE

C x EC

C x TE

C)

ZC

= Figure of Merit as defined in Equation 1;

EEC

= Embodied Energy Coefficient = EE / EE (stone)

ECC = Embodied Carbon Coefficient = ECe / ECe (stone)

TEC = Transport Energy Coefficient = 0.00285 / EE

µ = Time Coefficient = EEC x (Design Period / GWP Time Period)

THREE PRIMARY

EQUATIONS

• SUSTAINABILITY IS

COMPLEX PHENOMENA

• TOO MANY VARIABLES

• LACK OF DEPENDABLE

DATA

• LIMITATIONS IN

EXISTING ASSESSMENT

TOOLS

In Conclusion