OCEAN ENERGY 1-Wave Energy

2-Tidal Energy

3-OTEC

Where do we get our energy?

Coal23%

Natrral Gas22%

Petroleum40%

Nuclear8%

Hydroelecric3%

Biomass3%

Geothermal0%

Solar0%

wind0%

Alterantive Energy Consumption

CoalNatrral GasPetroloumNuclearHydroelecricBiomassGeothermalSolarwind

HOW CAN WE GET ENERGY FROM THE OCEAN?

There are three basic ways to tap the ocean for its energy. We can use

1. The ocean's waves.

2. The ocean's high and low tides .

3. Temperature differences in the water.

1-Wave Energy

Kinetic energy (movement) exists in the moving waves of the ocean. That energy can be used to power a turbine. The wave rises into a chamber. The rising water forces the air out of the chamber. The moving air spins a turbine which can turn a generator.

When the wave goes down, air flows through the turbine and back into the chamber through doors that are normally closed.

Oceanlinx

OWC Generator

2-TIDAL ENERGY

Two types of tidal plant facilities.

• Tidal barrages

• Tidal stream generator

Tidal barrages

Tidal barrages make use of the potential energy in the difference in height (or head) between high and low tides.

La Rance Barrage

The largest tidal power station in the. world

Generated by its 24 turbines.

With a peak rating of 240 Megawatts.

Power 240,000 homes.

Tidal stream generator

A similar way to wind turbines that use wind to power turbines

Make use of the kinetic energy of moving water to power turbines.

3-OTEC Oceanic Thermal Energy Conversions

Uses the temperature difference between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface ocean waters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity.

Power plants can be built that use this difference in temperature to make energy. A difference of at least 38 degrees Fahrenheit is needed between the warmer surface water and the colder deep ocean water.

SEA WATER AIR CONDITIONING (SWAC)

Advantages• Once you've built it, tidal power is free.

• It produces no greenhouse gases or other waste.

• It needs no fuel.

• It produces electricity reliably.

• Not expensive to maintain.

• Tides are totally predictable.

Disadvantages A barrage across an estuary is very expensive to build, and affects a very wide area - the environment is changed for many miles upstream and downstream. Many birds rely on the tide uncovering the mud flats so that they can feed. Fish can't migrate, unless "fish ladders" are installed.

Only provides power for around 10 hours each day, when the tide is actually moving in or out.

There are few suitable sites for tidal barrages

References

• Tidal energy update 2009 Applied Energy , Volume 87, Issue 2 , February 2010, Pages 398-409 Fergal O Rourke, Fergal Boyle, Anthony Reynolds

• http://www.travelandtransitions.com/stories_photos/evangeline_trail.htm• http://www.emec.org.uk/• http://www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/tidal.htm• http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter14.html• http://www.answers.com/topic/ocean-thermal-energy-conversionOcean Energy 6Coordinating Lead Authors:Anthony Lewis (Ireland) and Segen Estefen (Brazil)Lead Authors:John Huckerby (New Zealand), Kwang Soo Lee (Republic of Korea), Walter Musial (USA),Teresa Pontes (Portugal), Julio Torres-Martinez (Cuba)

NAME:Moataz-Bellah Khaeld