Need AssessmentNeed Assessment, Goals Analysis and , Goals Analysis and Performance assessmentPerformance assessment

Compiled byCompiled byDr Zahari HamidonDr Zahari Hamidon

Need Assessment Need Assessment

Definition (Kaufman, 1992) Definition (Kaufman, 1992) NeedNeed: the gap : the gap between current results and desired results between current results and desired results (not gaps in resources, methods, (not gaps in resources, methods, procedures, or means) (p. 15). procedures, or means) (p. 15).

““MeansMeans” are the ways in which results are ” are the ways in which results are obtained . They are best selected on the obtained . They are best selected on the basis of what should get accomplished; the basis of what should get accomplished; the endsends.(p.17).(p.17)

Means -> Ends -> Consequences (payoff (ROI) Means -> Ends -> Consequences (payoff (ROI)

(p.17) (p.17)

Three levels of Three levels of planning by Kaufman planning by Kaufman

(1992:4)(1992:4)

1. Microplanning: Individual (or 1. Microplanning: Individual (or small group’s) performance2. small group’s) performance2. Macroplanning: The Macroplanning: The organization itself3. organization itself3. Megaplanning: external, Megaplanning: external, outside the organization, outside the organization, clients and societyclients and society

Six steps of Identifying and Six steps of Identifying and Resolving Problems (Kaufman Resolving Problems (Kaufman

(1992:23)(1992:23)

1.1. Identify (valid) problems based upon needsIdentify (valid) problems based upon needs

2.2. Determine detailed requirement and Determine detailed requirement and alternatives for resolving the problemsalternatives for resolving the problems

3.3. Select solutions from among the Select solutions from among the alternativesalternatives

4.4. Implement selected solutions and methodsImplement selected solutions and methods

5.5. Determine effectiveness and efficiencyDetermine effectiveness and efficiency

6.6. Revise as (and when) required.Revise as (and when) required.

Four functions of needs Four functions of needs assessment assessment

(Kemp, Morrison and Ross (Kemp, Morrison and Ross 1998:21)1998:21)

1. It identifies the needs relevant to a 1. It identifies the needs relevant to a particular job or task; what problems are particular job or task; what problems are affecting the performanceaffecting the performance

2. It identifies critical needs include that 2. It identifies critical needs include that have a sifgnificant financial impact, affect have a sifgnificant financial impact, affect safety, or disrupt the work or educational safety, or disrupt the work or educational environmentenvironment

3. It sets priorities for selecting an 3. It sets priorities for selecting an intervention(action taken to improve the intervention(action taken to improve the situation)situation)

4. It provides baseline data to assess the 4. It provides baseline data to assess the affectiveness of the instruction.affectiveness of the instruction.