opv solar cells - roll to roll process - overview

Roll-to-roll processing and product integration of polymer solar cells

Solar Energy Seminar ZON-dag

Frederik Christian Krebs Solar Energy Programme, Ris National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy

Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark

Frederik Christian Krebs2

Overview

What are plastic solar cells good for ? Demonstrations Learning curves and LCA How are they manufactured Roll-to-roll coating (electrodes) Is R2R coating scientific?


Serves the purpose of honing our understanding of the capacity of the technology

It helps us in transferring the technology to industry Grid connected OPV Suntiles has been displayed at DDC (by designer Astrid Krogh)


What are plastic solar cells good for - Demonstration

Outside demonstration


Silicon (12-24%), 25+ years of lifetime (outdoor), expensive OPV (1-8 %), 1 year of lifetime (outdoor), cheap Not a fair comparison 1st generation 1 month 2nd generation 6 months 3rd generation running (6.09 kWh produced)

It is better now but very expensive - still


Optics Express (2010), 18, Issue S3, A286-A292.


Making it useful - Ligting Africa 100 Million people with no light after 18:00 PM (subsaharan Africa) A budget of 28-56 year-1 for lighting (kerosene) The possibility for a low cost light weight OPV solution (< 3 )

Energy & Environmental Science (2010), 3, 512-525


Ligting Africa - Zambia

Field tests in Zambia

Energy & Environmental Science (2010), 3, 512-525

The next lamps - Mali

Smaller outline Lower cost Two new designs so far


J. Mater. Chem. (2010), http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0jm01178a

OPV has a steep leaning curve

OPV ~10 years old, Silicon 50 years old Small applications should be sought now while maintaining the

energy production goal If the low cost potential can be reached then it is still justified


J. Mater. Chem. (2010), http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0jm01178a

Life cycle analysis

1.35-2.02 years EPBT is obtained based on real data (still not taking LCOE) into account


Embodied energy

Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells (2010), doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2010.08.020

We have got to think about the materials we use


Cumulative energy requirements for raw materials production.

How are they manufactured


Roll-to-roll coating

Much lower capital investment zero in some cases Simple printing equipment from small to large scale Fast manufacture 45 seconds for an A4 sheet


Nanoscale (2010), 2, 873-886.

All layers have to be roll-to-roll coated/compatible

ITO (R2R evaporated, R2R patterned) Easy but get rid of ITO ETL (R2R coated) Easy Active (R2R coated) Easy HTL (R2R coated) Easy if wetting is understood Electrode (R2R printed) Easy, at least I thought so Lamination (R2R) Easy but difficult

if a good seal is needed


LBIC is useful to see relative differences at the cell level


LBIC also has limitations


Is R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimony

The typical R2R coated solar cell Huge parameter space



Little materials usage and very fast


60 mg P3HT60 mg PCBM200 devices

Good control over the thickness



Good control over the thickness, no optical interference



Conclusions

OPV is coming The impact OPV will have on our use of energy is still an open

question OPV can be demonstrated OPV has a very steep learning curve R2R coating may seem industrial but it can actually be used as a

very powerful scientific tool


Thanks to:

Mikkel Jrgensen Kion Norrman Ole Hagemann Jan Alstrup Matthieu Manceau Eva Bundgaard Hanne Lauritzen Torben D. Nielsen Nieves Espinoza David Tanenbaum Morten V. Madsen Kristian Sylvester-Hvid Jon E. Carl Kristian Larsen Ole Kristoffersen Suren A. Gevorgyan Martin Helgesen Thue T. Larsen-Olsen Roar Sndergaard Jens W. Andreasen Mette Mikkelsen


Thomas Tromholt Dechan Angmo Jacob Jensen Henrik Friis-Dam Peter Sommer-Larsen Birgit Jensen

Roll-to-roll processing and product integration of polymer solar cells Solar Energy Seminar ZON-dagDianummer 2Dianummer 3Dianummer 4OverviewWhat are plastic solar cells good for - DemonstrationOutside demonstrationIt is better now but very expensive - stillMaking it useful - Ligting AfricaLigting Africa - ZambiaThe next lamps - MaliOPV has a steep leaning curveLife cycle analysisWe have got to think about the materials we useHow are they manufacturedRoll-to-roll coatingAll layers have to be roll-to-roll coated/compatibleLBIC is useful to see relative differences at the cell levelLBIC also has limitationsIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyConclusionsThanks to:

opv solar cells - roll to roll process - overview

Documents

frederik christian krebs5

farfrederik christian

easy active r2r

easy htl r2r

lamination r2r easy

typical r2r

electrode r2r

energy mater