spanish grammer book
TRANSCRIPT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Nationalities2. Stem Changing
Verbs3. Indirect Object
Pronouns4. Gustar5. Affirmative and
Negative Words
6. Los superlatives7. Reflexives8. Affirmative Commands 9. Irregular10. Negative11. Sequencing
NATIONALITIES
• Nicaragua- Nicaraguense• Costa Rica- Costarricense• Estados Unidos-
Norteamericanos• Venezuela- venezolano• Peru- peruano• Chile- chileano• Colombia- colombiano• Bolivia- Boliviano• Ecuador- Ecuatoriano• Argentina- Argentino• Mexico- Mexicano
• Cuba- Cubano• Uruguay- Uruguayo• Paraguay- Paraguayo• Puerto Rico- Puertorriquno• Panama- Panameno• El Salvador- Salvadoreno• Honduras- Hondureno• Espana- Espanol• Guatemala- Guatemalteco• Guinea Ecuatorial-
Guineano• La Republica Dominicana-
Dominicano
STEM CHANGING VERBS
• E to IPedirPidoPidesPidePiden PedimosPedis
• E to IECerrarCierroCierrasCierraCierranCerramosCerráis
O to UEAlmorzarAlmuerzoAlmuerzasAlmuerzaAlmuerzan
AlmorzamosAlmorzais
INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS
Singular
• Me- me
• You (familiar)- te
• Him, Her, You (formal)- le
Plural
• Us- nos
• You (familiar)- os
• Them, You (formal)- les
GUSTAR
Singular
• Me Gusta• Te Gusta• Le Gusta• Nos Gusta• Os Gusta• Les Gusta
Plural
• Me Gustan• Te Gustan• Le Gustan• Nos Gustan• Os Gustan• Les Gustan
AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE WORDS
Affirmative
• Siempre- always• Algun- same• Algo- something• Alguien- someone• Tambien- also
Negatives
• Ningun- none• Nunca- never• Nada- nothing• Nadie- no one• Tampoco- neither
SUPERLATIVES
• Use a superlative to show an extreme with adjectives. To use, you drop the vowel ending the word and add the –isimo(a) ending.• RULES- the adjective must agree with the gender
and number of the noun it is modifying and if the word ends in C change to QU, G changes to GU, and Z changes to C. • -isimo• -isima• -isimos• -isimas
AFFIRMATIVE TU COMMANDS Y IRREGULARS
Affirmatives
• Use to give a command or instructions.
• Examples:• Abrir Abre• Caminar Camina• Comer Come • Comprar Compra• Hablar Habla
Irregulars
• Decir Di• Hacer Haz• Ir Ve• Poner Pon• Salir Sal• Ser Se• Tener Ten• Venir Ven
NEGATIVE TU COMMANDS
• To tell someone what not to do or what they can not do. • Hablar no hables• Comer no comas• Escribir no escribas• Salir no salgas• Tocar no toques