BUILDING MATERIALS

INDEX

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- INTRODUCTION- DEFINITION AND TYPES- ROCK MATERIAL TRAINING- BINDING MATERIALS- CERAMICS- OTHER MATERIALS- BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

INTRODUCTION

We are going to talk about building materials. There are several types of building materials, and we are going to explain some things about these types and also about the different machines that are used in building construction and its phases.

DEFINITION AND TYPES

Building material is any material which is used for the constuction of monuments, schools, houses and many other buildings. There are many types of building materials:Rock material training

Binding materials

Ceramics

Other materials

ROCK MATERIAL TRAINING

It is the longest lasting building material available. Rock is a very dense material so it gives a lot of protection too. Stone is hard to keep warm without using large amounts of heating resources.

TYPES- Compact rocks: They are blocks of limestone, marble, granite, etc. they recieve the name of ashlar, rubble, cobblestones, slabs.-Disintegrated rock: They are stone fragments of variable size. Clay: they are small stone fragments. They are characterized because of their capacity for absorbing water.

Arid: Fragments from the disintegration of other rocks. They can be thin or thick.

BINDING MATERIALS

Binding materials are materials that when are mixed with water and pasture, they become solidified acquire rigidity. Used as a means of union among other materials to result in a mass called a mortar.

There are some types: like cal, plaster, etc.

TYPES OF BINDING MATERIAL

-Cal: it is obtained by subjecting to heat limestone. Also used to paint walls and bricks.

-Plaster: mineral powder (crushed limestone) mixed with water that is used to cover walls and ceilings. There are three types:

-Black with dirt, impurities and white plaster that is thinner and higher quality.

- Cement: It is the most widely used binder. There are several types:

-Steel, aluminum, pozzolanic, and the most used is that of Portland, made from a mixture of limestone and clay in kilns of the clinker obtained, once it becomes pulverized cement.

CONCRETE

It is a mixture of water, aggregate and a binder such as cement. Types:

Mass concrete:

Cyclopean concrete:

Aerated concrete

Reinforced concrete

CONCRETE TYPES

Mass concrete: it's the mixture of cement, water, gravel and sand. It is used for walls and foundations.

Cyclopean concrete: consists of cement, water and barren. is used in walls and foundations.

Aerated concrete: before it sets are added chemicals that give off gases to form bubbles, which improve sound and heat insulation.

Reinforced concrete: incorporated inside bars armor made of steel that can be tense before or after the mass hardens.

CERAMIC MATERIALS

They are parts made from clay molded and fired in kilns.Mixing and casting: a dough-mixing machines aguay then clay is shaped.

Baking: the cut material circulates through chambers with different temperatures that will not breakTypes ceramic products:

Brick: clay pieces of prismatic or massive holes. There are two types: fine (they have good weatherability and insulating properties. Bricks Regular of least resistance, rather coarse and rough.

Texas: these parts are covered with clay used in decks or roofs.

Tiles: they are square pieces composed of two layers, a clay and a vitreous enamel, which provides waterproofing and striking.

Sandstone: A mixture of clay, quartz and feldspar, to wear. Used to cover floors and walls.

Porcelain: A material coated with enamel and he made medical items bathrooms, etc..

Other materials

Metals: the more employees are:

-Steel: is also used for beams, columns and trusses decubiertas.

-Aluminum: in widespread use for door frames, windows.

-Copper: Used in water facilities, gas, and heating.

Woods: They are used in roofs, doors, windows, walls and floors.

Plastics: They are used in water pipes and electrical wiring, window coverings, etc..

Glasses: Used in windows, doors, furniture and more. Are obtained from a mixture of silica, soda, lime and other substances.

Building construction

1. Preparing the ground: by demolition, earthmoving and leveling. It is done with bulldozers, loaders, bulldozers, graders, etc.

2 . Foundation: placement of items confome the base of the building underground. It is done with footing, piles and slabs.

3 . Elevation of the structure: the pillars are built and the plates are to form the floors. Are made of reinforced concrete or steel beams (slabs).

4 . Coverage of waters placement within the building. It is made with tile, slate, metal or fiber cement. To attach the cover using machinery such as tower cranes.

5 . Siding: We build walls and partitions that isolate exterior building ek. It is made with brick, concrete and polyurethane foam.

6 . Flooring and cloisonne: The flooring is to put the floor and the cloisonne on building walls that separate the different rooms of the house. The flooring is made with tile, marble, granite, wood, plastics, etc.. The cloisonne is made with brick, plaster, etc...

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