the golgi body
DESCRIPTION
The Golgi Body. Discovery. Named after Camillo Golgi He was an Italian biologist who discovered the organelle with a light microscope in 1897. Structure. Located near the end of the ER close to the nucleus Composed of several layers of cisternae (fluid-filled sacs) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Golgi BodyThe Golgi Body
Discovery
Named after Camillo Golgi
He was an Italian biologist who discovered the organelle with a light microscope in 1897
Structure
Located near the end of the ER close to the nucleus
Composed of several layers of cisternae (fluid-filled sacs)
Has 3 different parts: cis-Golgi, medial-Golgi, and trans-Golgi
FunctionFunction
•Is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging
macromolecules (lipids proteins, and carbs) coming from the
ER
•Then sends the modified macro-molecules to different parts
of the cell or outside of the cell
•Can be thought of as a post office for a cell
•Is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging
macromolecules (lipids proteins, and carbs) coming from the
ER
•Then sends the modified macro-molecules to different parts
of the cell or outside of the cell
•Can be thought of as a post office for a cell
Transport vesicles are used to move back and forth between the ER and Golgi bodies
One side of the Golgi body receives transport vesicles produced by the ER
The Golgi body marks and sorts the molecules into different groups to be sent in secretory vesicles inside or outside of the cell
Transport & Secretory Vesicles
Protein Modification
Proteins going to organelles or outside of the cell must be modified so that they are delivered
Modifications happen when specific sugar molecules are added to a core oligosaccharide that is attached to a protein
These sugar molecules are required for proper delivery
•One example is Mannose 6-phosphate which is important in glycolysis
•Enzymes synthesized in the ER are delivered to the Golgi body via a transport vesicle, and in the cis-face specific sugars are added to the protein
•Eventually, once the enzyme has arrived at the trans-face, it has the required Mannose 6-phosphate
•Receptors receive the enzyme, it is transported via a vesicle, and when it arrives at the endosome, the enzyme is released and the phosphate removed
•One example is Mannose 6-phosphate which is important in glycolysis
•Enzymes synthesized in the ER are delivered to the Golgi body via a transport vesicle, and in the cis-face specific sugars are added to the protein
•Eventually, once the enzyme has arrived at the trans-face, it has the required Mannose 6-phosphate
•Receptors receive the enzyme, it is transported via a vesicle, and when it arrives at the endosome, the enzyme is released and the phosphate removed
ExampleExample
Sources
https://www.etap.org/demo/biology1/instruction5tutor.html
http://www.nndb.com/people/732/000125357/
http://www.tutorvista.com/biology/golgi-apparatus-organelle
http://creationrevolution.com/2010/11/golgi-apparatus-steel-industry-of-the-simple-cell-%E2%80%93-part-6/
http://www.michellehenry.fr/mail.htm
http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/endosys2.htm
http://plantphys.info/plant_physiology/basiccytology1.shtml
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK28442/figure/A3170/?report=objectonly
Pictures
ResearchCampbell, Neil A., Lawrence G. Mitchell, Jane B. Reece. Biology Concepts & Connections, 3rd ed. San Francisco: Benjamin/Cummings, 2000.
• http://www.biologyreference.com/Fo-Gr/Golgi.html
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u38LjCOvDZU&feature&p=F28B074D1CB933A7&index=0&playnext=1