vdl mode 4 supporting air-ground communications 17-19 november 2003seminar on the implementation of...

VDL Mode 4 Supporting Air-Ground communications

17-19 November 2003 Seminar on the Implementation of Datalink and SATCOM Communications 1

VDL Mode 4

Supporting Air-Ground Communicationby

Larry Johnsson and Fredrik Lindblom

Swedish Civil Aviation Administration (SCAA)



Agenda

Background and History of VDL Mode 4– ICAO Concept– Communications in all elements– VDL Mode 4 – design drivers– VDL Mode 4 – A communication “toolkit” for applications– VDL Mode 4 fundamentals

VDL Mode 4 supporting Air-Ground communication– Broadcast services – Point-to-Point services – Benefits

Ongoing implementations for Air-Ground communications– A-SMGCS at Stockholm/Arlanda– Co-ordination of buses at Stockholm/Arlanda



ICAO Concept

CNS/ATM Concept •Endorsed by 10th Air Navigation Conference

(September 1991)

Global ATM Operational Concept•Endorsed by 11th Air Navigation Conference

(September 2003)

Target date2025

Target date2025

Technical (equipment)

CommunicationNavigationSurveillance

Operational (applications, functions)

ATFM - Air Traffic Flow Management

ASM - Air Space Management

ATS - Air Traffic Services

C N S

/ A

TM

C N S

/ A

TM



ICAO CNS/ATM Concept

SurveillanceSurveillanceADSADS

Air TrafficAir TrafficManagementManagement

ATMATMATNATN

CommunicationsCommunicationsData LinkData Link

...evolving process......evolving process......evolving process......evolving process...

NavigationNavigationGNSSGNSS



Communication element in all domains

N S

C



ICAO Global ATM Operational Concept

Guiding Principles Safety

– Highest priority Human

– Essential and central role Technology

– Independent and open to new technology

Information– Dependent on timely, relevant,

accurate and quality-assured information

Collaboration– Strategic and tactical collaboration

between members of the ATM community leading to dynamic and flexible decision-making

Continuity– Contingency measures required

Seven Concept Components Airspace organisation and

management Aerodrome operations Demand and capacity balancing Traffic synchronisation Conflict management Airspace user operations ATM service delivery

management

How does this high level concept relate to

communikation services and datalinks?



Significant changes based on efficient exchange of data

Global information utilisation, management and interchange

Change in the roles of all ATM system participants Holistic, cooperative and collaborative decision-

making environment Conflict management will reduce the need for

separation provision. ATM considers the 4D trajectory/intent of

vehicle/aircraft during all phases of flight to achieve the optimum system outcome, with minimal deviation from user-requested flight trajectory.

More efficient operation on airports (reduced runway occupancy time, safe manoeuvres in all weather conditions, intent)



VDL Mode 4 – Design drivers

VDL Mode 4 is a system intended to support a range of CNS applications

The applications that VDL Mode 4 supports are for all phases of flight from gate-to-gate and will be available to a variety of users

Flexibility offers a variety of implementation options which can meet different regional requirements



VDL Mode 4 – A communication “toolkit” for applications

The ICAO SARPs describe a ‘toolkit’ of communications protocols that can be used for several applications

ADS-B – the most important application GNSS augmentation and integrity uplink

– Not standardised by ICAO– GRAS based on VDL Mode 4 is being implemented

Communications– Broadcast: TIS-B, FIS-B, ATIS– Point-to-point (air-ground, air-air): CPDLC

ICAO Policy restricts applicability to Surveillance– On going process to widen the applicability



VDL Mode 4 fundamentals

Access to the datalink is distributed (i.e. supports mobile com) VHF data link for exchange of time-critical information

– variety of modes for data transmission (broadcast, point-to-point)

– between different users (air-air, air-ground)

Robust well proven modulation scheme (GFSK), 19.2 kB/s Short timeslot TDMA system (self organising) - STDMA

– synchronised to UTC

‘Reservation’ protocols– Enables both ground controlled and autonomous operations



Agenda



Ongoing implementations for Air-Ground communications– A-SMGCS at Stockholm/Arlanda– Co-ordination of apron buses at Arlanda



VDL Mode 4 supporting Air-Ground communications

Air-Ground communication can be divided into two segments:– Broadcast communication– Point-to-Point communication

ATN

Services for broadcast

•TIS-B

•FIS-B

•Local implementations

Broadcast com Point-to-Point com

AOC

ATS

Applications for ATS communication are defined by ATN SARPs

•CPDLC

•ADS-C

•FIS

TIME CRITICAL




Broadcast:– VDL Mode 4 supports Traffic Information Service – Broadcast– TIS-B should provide a “complete” situational awareness picture for

pilots.

PSR PSR SSRSSR

Air TrafficAir TrafficManagementManagement

ATMATM

TIS-B




Broadcast (continue…)– Flight Information Service – Broadcast (FIS-B) is also supported

Makes it possible to uplink weather data to cockpit (ATIS, METAR) Additional information such as runways in use and Runway Visual Range (RVR)

etc.

Point-to-Point communications– Can be divided into ATS communications and AOC communications.– ATS communication applications are defined in the ATN SARPs

CPDLC FIS ADS-C

– VDL Mode 4 is a fully compliant subnetwork of the ATN SARPs– All ATN time critical applications are supported (i.e. CPDLC etc)

This is due to the fact that all 16 prioritisation levels required by Radio Regulations are included in VDL Mode 4.

– All types of AOC applications can be supported by VDL Mode 4



Benefits with VDL Mode 4 for Air-Ground communications– Transmission protocols enables short delays– Well developed prioritisation scheme– Spectrum effective in terms of:

Low Co-Channel Interference (CCI) value (~10dB) Does not require additional frequencies to run multiple

services/applications (i.e multiple ATN channels)


ATN RouterAOC App ATN App

ATN Subnet

AO

C C

hannel

AT

N C

hannel 2

AT

N C

hannel 1A

TN

Channel

CPDLCADS-C

FISHigher traffic load




Benefits in a wider perspective– Supports Air-to-Air communication

The need for Air-to-Air capabilities for advanced time-critical and advanced applications is identified in emerging requirements by OPLINK-P and SCRSP

– European Communications Strategy highlight the fact that VDL Mode 4 can be the driver for enabling advances and time-critical communication applications

Flexible data link

Air-to-Air Communications

ATS AOCTypes of

applications:Defined by ATN

SARPsNot considered

by ICAOSupport by

VDL Mode 4:X X XX

Air-Ground CommunicationsBroadcast Point-to-Point

TIS-B, FIS-B or applications adopted to local implementations



Agenda



Ongoing implementations for Air-Ground communications– A-SMGCS at Stockholm/Arlanda– Co-ordination of apron buses at Arlanda



Ongoing implementations for Air-Ground communications

A-SMGCS at Stockholm/Arlanda– Implementation to realise an operational A-SMGCS

using VDL Mode 4– Services used for A-SMGCS:

ADS-B TIS-B FIS-B INFO-B GNSS augmentation

– The operational introduction is set for Q1 2004



Runwayincursion Turn

Around

ATC





Benefits– Positive tagging – Increased safety and security– Situational awareness – render possible cooperation between pilot

and controller– Prevent runway incursions and taxing problems– Increased capacity in bad weather conditions– Shorter turn around times– Minimizes runway occupation time




Co-ordination of bus-operations at Stockholm/Arlanda – System overview

INFO-B Server

CNS Ground Station

Airport Database

Mobile unit

Airport Organizer

Client

ADS-B Server

Client Client




Client interface




Benefits– ADS-B increases safety – INFO-B provides the mobile unit with missions in text which reduces

the risk for misunderstandings– The Airport Organiser enables efficient planning of resources– Minimising voice communications– Statistics can be used for quantity and quality measurements– Economical due to fuel and time savings



Thank you for your attention!

vdl mode 4 supporting air-ground communications 17-19 november 2003seminar on the implementation of...

Documents

applications vdl mode

fundamentals vdl mode

history of vdl mode

elements vdl mode

airground robust

different users airair

design drivers vdl mode

atis pointtopoint airground