agenda: increasing energy access through community wind power, off-grid power supply and small...

5/26/2018 AGENDA: Increasing Energy Access through Community Wind Power, Off-Grid Power Supply and Small Wind Energy Systems

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Increasing Energy Access through Community Wind Power, Off-GridPower Supply and Small Wind Energy Systems

Networking Session, Wind Energy Asia 2014[21-22 February 2014 3F, Samda Hall, International Convention Center JEJU, Jeju, South Korea]

IntroductionThe Asian Development Bank through its Energy for All and the Korea Wind Energy Industry Association (KWEIA) are jointlyorganizing a workshop on 21 February 2014 at International Convention Center, Jeju Island. The workshop will be one of thenetworking sessions of the Wind Energy Asia 2014 Conference and Exhibition(WEA 2014). The event aims to provide latestinformation about the current programs and projects of various developing countries on community wind power, off-grid powersupply and small wind. It shall also include discussions on the latest innovations, trends, viable business models as well asfinancing opportunities for the wind projects.

(ADB) Energy for All(KWEIA)2014221

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Workshop Sessions

Day 3: 21 February

8:30 9:00 Registration

9:00 9:30 Opening Session

Welcome Address : Dr. Rimtaig Lee(Chairman, Korea Wind Energy Industry Association): ()

Opening Remarks : Mr. Takeo Koike (Principal Investment Specialist, Infrastructure Finance Division 1, Private SectorOperations Department, Asian Development Bank (ADB))

: Takeo Koike (ADB )

Congratulatory Speech : Mr. Woo-jin Cha(CEO of Jeju Energy Corporation): ()

Congratulatory Speech : Mr. Stefan Gsaener(Secretary General of WWEA): Stefan Gsaener ()

Presentation on ADBs Energy for All and Small Wind Working Group : Mr. Elmar Elbling(Energy Specialist ofSustainable Infrastructure Division, Regional Sustainable and Development Department)

ADBEnergy for All : Mr. Elmar Elbling (ADB )

9:30 10:40 Session 1. Wind Energy Development: Country Programs and Projects

:

Different level of developments is in place with regard to wind energy. The session will bring in discussions on programs, projectsand activities of different countries especially developing member countries (DMCs). Speakers for this session will discuss theprospects, current programs, projects and future plans on the development of wind energy.


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Moderator : Mr. Elmar Elbling (ADB)

Afghanistan : Mr. Mahmood Hasieb(Renewable Energy Advisor, Renewable Energy Department, Ministry of Energyand Water, Afghanistan)/ : Mr. Mahmood Haieb (, )

Nepal : Mr. Surya K. Sapkota(Assistant Director, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre, Ministry of Science,Technology and Environment, Nepal)/ : Mr. Surya K. Sapkota (, , --)

Pakistan :Mr. Nusrat Ullah(Director, Electricity (North), Energy Department, Government of Balochistan, Quetta,Pakistan)/ : Mr. Nusrat Ullah (, , )

Philippines : Ms. Marissa P. Cerezo(Assistant Director, Renewable Energy Management Bureau, Department ofEnergy Philippines)/ : Ms. Marissa P. Cerezo (, , )

Thailand : Mr. Kevin Kang(CEO of Green Growth Co.in Thailand)/ : Mr. Kevin Kang (GGP, CEO) Korea : Triple Helix for Social Innovation : Saemaul Movement for Eradicating Poverty : Dr. Wha-Joon Rho(Professor

Emeritus of Graduate School of Public Administration, Seoul National University)

: (Triple Helix) : ()

10:40 11:00 Moderated Panel Discussion/Q&A - Coffee Break

11:00 12:10 Session 2. Current Trends and Technologi cal Innovations on Off-grid p ower system and Small Wind

The session shall highlight current developments on small wind and technological innovations particularly for remote off-gridareas.

Moderator : Prof. Choong-Yeol Son(WWEA)

The trend of the small wind energy sector worldwide : Prof. Choong-Yeol Son(Director of WWEA): ()

Power Supply Business for the Islands and Remote Places : Mr. Myoung-Ho So (Senior Manager, DistributionManagement, Islands Electric Power Team of Korea Electric Power Corporation)

: ()

PCS application on micro grid system : Mr. Yong-Sung Kang(Director of Woojin Industrial System Co.,Ltd)PCS: ()

Diesel/Solar/Wind micro-grid system for off-grid and remote island electrification : Dr. Rimtaig Lee(Chairman ofKWEIA)

//: ()

Case study on Small wind turbine : Mr. Suk-Jun Kang(CEO of Hi-energy Korea and Convener of Korea Small WindIndustry)

: (, )

An Overview of Korea Wind Energy Industries: Mr. Kyu-Pill Hwang (Consultant of KWEIA): ()

12:10 13:30 Moderated Panel Discussion/Q&A - LUNCH

13:30 14:20 Session 3: Existing and Innovative Business Models for Commun ity Wind Power

Presentations will dwell on the existing business models for community applications that can be replicated for widerdissemination of the technology.

Moderator: Mr. Stefan Gsaener(WWEA)

Advanced solutions to lower the cost of Energy : Mr. Haico van der Heijden (ECN, Wind Energy, Unit Business Development Manager)

: Mr. Haico van der Heijden (ECN, Wind Energy, Unit Business Development Manager)

Optimizing the performance of wind farms : Mr. Frans Brughu is(Mecal)


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: Mr. Frans Brughuis (Mecal)

Implementation of Tri-Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Thingan, Nepal : Mr. Binayak Bhandari(Nepal, Ph.Graduand, Seoul National University)

Tri-Hybrid : Mr. Binayak Bhandari ()

Importance and Status of Community Power around the World : Mr. Stefan Gsaenger(General Secretary of WWEA): Mr. Stefan Gsaenger ()

A new paradigm of energy self-sufficient communities : Mr. Soo-Yun Song (CEO of ODIN, Wind Power Generation inKorea)

() : (JK ENG )

14:20 14:45 Q&A - Coffee Break

14:45 15:45 Session 4. Financing Opportuni ties for Small Wind and medium size wind farms

Representatives from various financing institutions will be tasked to give an overview of the funding opportunities in Korea thatmay be tapped by various wind project developers and manufacturers.

Moderator :Mr. Takeo Koike(ADB) ADB s Private Sector Operations : Mr. Takeo Koike (Principal Investment Specialist, Infrastructure Finance Division 1,

Private Sector Operations Department, Asian Development Bank (ADB))

ADB: Takeo Koike (ADB )

Financing Opportunities for Small Wind Energy Systems : Mr. Young-Suk Seo(Team Manager of Energy InvestmentTeam, Climate Change & Sustainability Division, KPMG)

: (KPMG )

Korea Exim Bank : Mr. Dae-Young Jeong(Deputy General Manager of Korea Exim Bank): ()

Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy : Mr. Hyuk-Gi Kang(Director of MOTIE): ()

Korea Energy Management Corporation : Mr. Gi-Woon g Nam(President, NREC): ()

15:45 15:55 Q&A - Coffee Break

15:55 16:30 Warm Up SessionTechnology providers/ project developers of Session 3 and 4 and local regulators in Korea are invited to join the panel to discusstechnical, social and especially financial challenges they face and case of the community wind power and off-grid power system.The panel discussion should help understand the financial constraints/ barriers of community wind power, off-grid power systemand small wind companies as well as requirement of funding institutions in financing the wind projects.

3&4//

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Moderator : Dr. Rimtaig Lee (KWEIA)

Panel Lists:

Mr. Hyuk-Gi Kang(Director of MOTIE)/ () Mr. Ki-Woong Nam(President, NREC)/ () Mr. Takeo Koike(ADB)/ Mr. Takeo Koike (ADB) Mr. Stefan Gsaener(WWEA)/ Mr. Stefan Gsaener ()


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Mr. Hong-Doo Kim(Director of Smart Grid Div. Jeju Special self-Governing Province)/ ()

Mr. Tae-Hwan Ki m(Director of Green Energy Office, Jeollanam-do Provincial Govrnment)/ ()

Mr. Elmar Elbling(Specialist of ADB)/ Mr. Elmar Elbling (ADB )16:30 16:40 Closing Session & Moving Forward/

Mr. Takeo Koike(ADB)/ Mr. Takeo Koike (ADB) Dr. Rimtaig Lee(KWEIA)/ ()

Day 4: 22 February

07:30 12:00 Technical TourThe site tour includes large scale wind farms of 33 MW (Samdal Wind Farm). The tour will also include visit to offshore windfacilities with capacities of 5 MW (Woljeong Offshore Wind Farm) and 5.5 MW (Gimnyeong) as well as small wind turbine (6kW,JK-ENG Daejeong) installations. The off-shore facilities are still under test operations.

07:30 Bareve Hotel (Start)08:00~08:30 6kW (Small Wind, JK ENG, Daejeong)09:30~10:20 33MW (Samdal Onshore Wind Farm, Hanshin Energy, Samdal-ri)10:50~11:20 5.5MW (Offshore, HHI, Proto Type, Gimnyeong)11:30~11:50 5MW (Offshore, Doosan 3MW, STX 2MW Proto Type, Woljeong)

Back ground of the EventThe Asian Development Bank (ADB) through its Energy for All and the Korea Wind Energy Industry Association (KWEIA) are jointlyorganizing a workshop on 21 February 2014 at International Convention Center, Jeju Island. The workshop will be one of thenetworking sessions of the Wind Energy Asia 2014 Conference and Exhibition (WEA 2014).The workshop entitled Increasing energy access through small wind energy systems, aims to provide latest information about thecurrent programs and projects of various developing countries on small wind. The event shall also include discussions on the latestinnovations and trends on small wind as well as viable business models for its effective deployment.


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(ADB)(KWEIA)2014221

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Energy for AllIn 2008, ADB launched the Energy for All Program to increase its investment in the energy access sector. The Energy for Allpartnership was launched a year after to form like-minded organizations that share the same objective of providing access to modernenergy to 100 million people in Asia and the Pacific by 2015. One of the working groups of the partnership is small wind. The small windworking group focuses on small-scale wind power to help develop and deploy projects that can improve access to this promising andunderutilized form of energy. This working group, being convened by the Korea Wind Energy Industry Association, is conducting studies,transferring technology, facilitating financing, building capacity, and implementing projects.

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Wind Energy Asia 2014WEA 2014 is the annual event being hosted by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and Jeju Special Self-Governing Province.The conference is a complete event in itself as it includes various sessions that deal with the financing, policies and trends on windenergy development. It covers exhibition of various wind energy manufacturers and suppliers, offers opportunities for networking amongvarious players of the wind energy industry and includes technical tours to witness actual operation of wind energy systems. While thisyears conference will focus on off-shore wind power generation, this networking session will feature small wind to discuss opportunitiesand feasible applications for off-grid, remote island, and rural electrification.

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List of speakers and Participants to Networking Session

ADB

ADB : Mr. Takeo Koike(Principal Investment Specialist, Infrastructure Finance Division 1, Private Sector Operations Department)

ADB : Mr. Elmar Elbl ing(Energy Specialist of Sustainable Infrastructure Division, Regional Sustainable and Development Department)

Afghani stan : Mr. Mahmood Hasieb(Renewable Energy Advisor, Renewable Energy Department, Ministry of Energy and Water)

Nepal : Mr. Surya K. Sapkota(Assistant Director, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment)

Pakistan : Mr. Nusrat Ullah(Director, Electricity (North), Energy Department, Government of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan)

Philippines : Atty. Marissa Cerezo(Assistant Director, Renewable Energy Management Bureau, Department of Energy Philippines)

Thailand :Mr. Kevin Kang(CEO of Green Growth Co.in Thailand)

Nepal : Mr. Binayak Bhandari(Nepal, Ph. Graduand, Seoul National University)

KWEIADr. Rimtaig Lee(Chairman)

Mr. Kyu-Pil Hwang(Consuntant)

Mr. Dong-Yeol Cha(Team Manager)

Mr. Gook Cho(Assistant Manager)

Ms. Young-Ju Ki m(Assistant Manager)

WWEA

Prof. Choong-Yeol Son(Director of WWEA)

Mr. Stefan Gsaenger(General Secretary of WWEA)

Korea

Mr. Woo-Jin Cha(CEO of Jeju Energy Corporation)

Dr. Wha-Joon Rho(Professor Emeritus of Graduate School of Public Administration, Seoul National University)

Mr. Sang-Il Seo (Team Manager, Distribution Management, Islands Electric Power Team of KEPCO)

Mr. Yong-Sung Kang(Director of Woojin Industrial System Co.,Ltd)

Mr. Suk-Jun Kang(CEO of Hi-energy Korea and Convener of Korea Small Wind Industry)

Mr. Soo-Yun Song (CEO of ODIN, Wind Power Generation in Korea)Dr. Sung-Woo Kim(Regional Head of Climate Change of Sustainability, KPMG)

Mr. Dae-Young, Jeong(Deputy General Manager of Korea Exim Bank)

Mr. Hyuk-Gi Kang(Director of MOTIE)

Mr. Ki-Woong Nam(President, NREC)

Mr. Hong-Doo Kim(Director of Smart Grid Div. Jeju Special self-Governing Province)

Mr. Tae-Hwan Kim(Director of Green Energy Office, Jeollanam-do Provincial Govrnment)


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Mr. Yong Gil Bae(Manger of Green Energy Office, Jeollanam-do Provincial Govrnment)

Dr. Young-Mook L im(Specialist of Green Growth Policy)

Mr. Chang-Suck Oh(Halla Wind Energy Co., Ltd)

Mr. Yong-Kwon Lee(Halla Wind Energy Co.Ltd)

Netherland

Mr. Haico van der Heijden (ECN, Wind Energy, Unit Business Development Manager)

Mr. Frans Brughu is(Mecal)

Dr. Man-Seok Ki m(Commercial attach of Netherland Embassy in Korea)

7 delegates


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Increasing Energy Access through Community Wind Power,

Off-Grid Power Supply and Small Wind Energy Systems

Dr. Rimt ig Lee [Kor ] The Chairman of Korea Wind Energy Industry Association / CEO of Halla Wind Energy Co., Ltd

Dr. Lee is a board member of GWEC (Global Wind Energy Council). He served as the

president & CEO of Korea Southern Power Company Ltd., He has served for 26 years

in Hyundai Engineering Company Ltd., Dr. Lee is also actively participated in the social

activities such as the chairman of the business cooperation between Korea and Peru,

the chairman of Alumni of the Electrical Engineering Department of Seoul National University,

an honorary member of the National Academy of Engineering of Korea, a member of

Korea Leaders Forum and a Co-chairman of Korea Energy Forum. He has obtained

B.S. and M.S. in electrical engineering, Ph.D. in Logic Based Expert System in SeoulNational University. He is a Professional Engineer (PE) in power sector.

Mr. Stef n Gsnger [G rm ny] Secretary General, World Wind Energy Association

After studying Political Sciences in Erlangen and Barcelona, Stefan Gsnger started his

career working for Hermann Scheer, Member of the German Parliament, and during that

period winner of the Alternative Nobel Prize.

Mr. Gsnger has managed the World Wind Energy Association since its foundation in 2001.

Under his direction, WWEA has become the voice of the wind sector worldwide, withmembers in more than 100 countries. WWEA attained Special Consultative Status at the UN.

Mr. Gsnger is member of the managing committee of the International Renewable Energy

Alliance, chairman of the executive committee of the Global100%RE campaign, member

of the steering committee of REN21, member of the Innovation Network of the Japan

Renewable Energy Foundation, member of the advisory committee of the RRMM of Saudi

Arabia and adviser to further governments and international organisations, including IRENA.

Mr. Gsnger co-organised thirteen World Wind Energy Conferences on all continents,

and has been an invited speaker in 40 countries. He published numerous articles, is

editor of the yearbook Wind Energy International, the WWEA Quarterly Bulletin and theSmall Wind World Report.

In 2011, Mr. Gsnger received the International Community Power Award of the Ontario

Sustainable Energy Association.


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Mr. T keo Koike [ADB] Principal Investment Specialist, Infrastructure Finance Division 1, Private Sector Operations

Department, Asian Development Bank

Takeo Koike is the Principal Investment Specialist in the Private Sector Operations

Department of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). He joined ADB in July 2002 and

covers private sector infrastructure operations in South Asia, Central Asia and South

Caucasus. He has extensive experience of financing infrastructure projects in developing

countries. Recently, Mr. Koike led and executed corporate finance transactions for

rehabilitating and modernizing hydropower plants in Armenia and a power distribution

network in Kazakhstan, and limited recourse project finance transactions for a

hydropower project and a combined cycle power project in Pakistan. He also raised

financing for wind power firms in India which was ADB's first investment in the wind

power sector. Mr. Koike has also worked on financing various other infrastructure

projects including a power transmission line project and a liquefied natural gas terminal

project in India, a mobile phone network expansion project in Afghanistan, and a cement

production project in Bangladesh among others. Mr. Koike holds Bachelor of Economics

from the University of Tokyo, Japan, Master of Science in Economics from the London

School of Economics and Political Science, UK, and Master of Business Administration

from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, USA.

Mr. Elm r Elbling [ADB] Energy Specialist of Sustainable Infrastructure Division, Regional Sustainable and Development

Department

Mr. M hmood H sieb [Afgh nist n] Electrical Engineer, BEng

* B.E. Electrical Engineering, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences

* Project Engineer - Building Services Consultant, Deerns Consulting Engineers from 2010 to 2013

* Junior Engineer, Croon Elektrotechniek (from 2008 to 2009)


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Mr. Sury K. S pokot [N p l] Assistant Director, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre(AEPC), Ministry of Environment,

Science and Technology, Government of Nepal

* M. Sc. in physics, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal

* M. Sc. In Sustainable Energy Systems and Management, University of Flensburg, Germany

* Assitant Director, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC), Ministry of Environment,

Science and Technology, Government of Nepal

* Planning Officer, AEPC, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, Government

of Nepal (from 1997 to 2007)

Mr. Nusr t Ull h [P kist n] Director Electricity, Energy Dept., Government of Baluchistan (from 2010 to present)

* Diploma in Computer Science, University of Balochisan, Bachelor of Electrical Engineering,

University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, KPK

* He is a Director electricity, energy department, government of balochistan.

* HE SERVED an electric inspector quetta, irrigation & power department, government

of balochistan

MS. M riss P. Cerezo [Philippin s] Assistant Director, Renewable Energy Management Bureau, Department of Energy Philippines

* Bachelor of Laws,Manual L. Quezon University, Manila

* Bachelor of Science in Geology, Mapua Institute of Technology, Manila

She is Assistant Director, Renewable Energy Management Bureau,Department of Energy,

Taguig City, Metro Manila. She served as OIC-Assistant Director, Renewable Energy

Management Bureau, Department of Energy, as Legal Officer,Contracts Division, Legal

Services,Department of Energy. And as Science Research Specialist, Geoscientific Research

and Testing Laboratory,Department of Energy. As well as Museum Researcher, Geology

Division, National Museum.


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Mr. Kevin K ng [Th il nd] President & CEO, Green Growth Co., Ltd

* B.A. Business administration & Accounting, Kyung-Hee University, Korea

* Democrat Party Advisor Party List Zone 1 Finance & Economic, Thailand (from 2008 to 2011)

* Additional Professor (International Business), Jeju University, Korea (from 2008 to 2009)

* Project Manager, Wind Power Plant Dept., Yeongju Wind Tech Co., Ltd. (from 2007 to 2010)

* President & CEO, Thai Investment Consulting Group (from 2001 to 2007)

Mr. Wh -Joon Rho [Kor ] Professor, Graduate School of Public Administration, Seoul National University

* Doctor of Philosophy in Public Administration, Maxwell School, Syracuse University,

New York, USA

* Visiting Scholar, Environmental Protection Agency, US Government, USA in 2005

* Co-Chairman (with Prime Minister), Administrative Information Committee, Korean Government

(from 2009 to 2012)

* Professor, Graduate School of Public Administration, Seoul National University, Korea

(from 1976 to 2007)

* Dean, Graduate School of Public Administration, Seoul National University, Korea

(from 1996 to 1998) * President, Korean Association for Policy Studies, Seoul, Korea

Prof. Choong-Yeol Son [Kor ] Director of World Wind Energy Association / Professor of Mokpo National University

* Director The Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering

* Director The Korean Society of Ocean Engineers (KSOE)

* Chairman Alternative Energy Forum

* Chairman Korea Energy Management Corporation (Wind Power Tech. Association)

* C.E.O Center for energy alternatives * Chairman Korea Electric Association (Wind Power Generation Committee)

* Former Chief Commissioner Korea Wind Energy Association


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Mr. Myoung-Ho So [Kor ] Senior Manager, Distribution Management, Islands Electric Power Team of KEPCO

Mr. Yong-Sung K ng [Kor ] Director of Woojin Industrial System Co., Ltd

* Master in Railway system, Hanyang University, Korea

* 27 years, ESS / SAPS Design, Test, Woojin Industrial System Co., Ltd.

* ESS Consultant, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Korea

Mr. Suk-Jun K ng [Kor ] President & CEO, HI-ENERGY KOREA. Co., Ltd

* Director, INNOVATIVE ENERGY SOLUTIONS, INC.

* Head of Small Wind Turbine Subcommittee, KWEIA

* President & CEO, Microspace.Co.,LTD (in the past)

Mr. Kyu-Pill Hw ng [Kor ] Consultant, FidesKo Inc., Korea Wind Energy Industry Association

* B.E. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Korea

* Consultant of Halla Wind Energy Co. (since 2009)

* Consultant of Korea Wind Energy Industry Association (since 2011)

* Council member of GLG Research (since 2013)

* President, GE Energy Korea from 2001 to 2006 (17 years at GE Energy Korea)

* 10 years at Hyundai Engineering Co.

* 13 years at KEPCO (Korea Electric Power Corp.)

Mr. H ico v n der Heijden [N th rl nds] Business Development Manager, ECN

* Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Eindhoven, Netherlands

* Executive MBA, Temple University, Tokyo, Japan * Expertise in Business development, Commercial development of new products and services,

International Relations especially in Asia

* 2 years ECN NL, Wind farm development

* 4 years Romax Technology UK, Wind turbine drive trains

* 12 years ASML NL, semiconductor equipment


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Mr. Fr ns Brughuis [N th rl nds] Business Developer, MECAL Wind Turbine Design BV

* HTS(Technical College), Mechanical Engineering

* TSM Business School, project management / Open University, Environmental studies

* Expertise in Business development, strategic partnership, Patents and license development,

Mechanical engineering, wind turbine technology and etc.

* 22 years of experience in wind industry, as consultant, business unit manager, managing

director and business developer for MECAL and its subsidiaries

* Design of wind turbines and Setting up wind farm services

* Non-executive board member of MECAL BV

Mr. Bin y k Bh nd ri [N p l] Nepal, Ph. Graduand, Seoul National University

Mr. Soo-Yun Song [Kor ] President & CEO, JK-ENG

* President & CEO, JK-ENG Co., Ltd. (since 2000)

* Established Overseas Joint Venture Company, U.A.E. in 2007

* Representative, Steal Structure Construction Association in 2006

* Established Daemyung Heavy Equipment Co., in 1991

* 20 years at Kook-min Bank (from 1972 to 1991)

Mr. D e-Young Jeong [Kor ] Planning and Policy Specialist, EDCF, The Export-Import Bank of Korea

* B.L. Business Administration, Chung-Buk National University, Korea

* Planning and Policy Specialist, Policy & Stretegy Team, EDCF Planning Dept., The Export

-Import Bank of Korea, Korea (since 2013)

* Project Specialist, Asia Team , EDCF Planning Dept. in 2010

* Entered the Export-Import Bank of Korea in 2006


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Mr. Hyuk-Gi K ng [Kor ] Director of Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy

Mr. Gi-Woong N m [Kor ] President of New & Renewable Energy Center, KEMCO

* B.E. Chemical Engineering, Young-Nam University, Korea

* President, NREC, KEMCO from (since 2012)

* Head of Dae-gu, Kyeong-Buk Regional Head Quarters, KEMCO in 2012

* General Manager, New & Renewable Energy Policy Dept., KEMCO in 2010

* General Manager, New & Renewable Energy Dissemination Dept., KEMCO in 2010

* General Manager of Energy Audit & Consultancy Dept., KEMCO in 2008

Mr. Hong-Doo Kim [Kor ] Director of Smart Grid Div. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province

Mr. T e-Hw n Kim [Kor ] Director of Green Energy Office, Jeollanam-do Provincial Government


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WIND POWER DEVELOPMENT IN AFGHANISTAN

The Path to Future Energy Independence

Presented by : Mahmood Hasieb, 21 February, 2014

Islamic Republic Of Afghanistan Ministry of Energy and Water Renewable Energy Department

[email protected]

1. Renewable Energy in Afghanistan

Small renewable energy generation only chance for isolated communities Sources : Hydro, Biomass, Geothermal, Solar and Wind. Currently Afghanistan is utilizing around 60MW of its energy from Renewable Energy

sources, mainly MHP and Solar.

2. Renewable Energy Projects Summary

Number Capacity (kW)

Renewable Energy Projects Completed 4,550 49,755

Renewable Energy Projects Under Construction 496 7,666

Renewable Energy Projects Surveyed 87 6,495

Total Renewable Energy Projects 5,133 63,915

Feasible Solar Energy Potential

Feasible Wind Energy Potential

Feasible MHP Energy Potential

Renewable Energy Projects Summary

222852 MW

66726 MW

3. Wind Energy Development Current Status and Future Prospects

Major Wind Energy Resources Areas- Western areas : Herat, Farah, Nimroz + Northeastern areas : Balkh, Takhar, Badakhshan- Wind corridors : Kabul and Parwan provinces
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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4. Wind Energy Development Current Status and Future Prospects

Wind Resource

Utility Scale

Wind Class Wind Power

(W/m2)

Wind Speed

(m/s)

Land Area

(km2)

Percentage

Windy Land

Total Capacity

Installaed

(MW)

Good 4 400-500 6.8 - 7.3 15,193 2.4 75,970

Excellent 5 500-600 7.3 -7.7 6,633 1 33,160

Excellent 6 600-800 7.7 - 8.5 6,615 1 33,100

Excellent 7 > 800 > 8.5 3,169 0.5 15,800

Total 31,611 4.9 158,100

Afghanistan - Wind Power Potential

Good to Excellent Wind Resouce at 50 m

Wind Potential Estimates:

31,600 km2, almost 5% of Afghanistans total land area (650,000 km2) 158,000 MW of potential installed wind capacity (5 MW/ km2) Almost 12% of Afghanistans land area has Class 3 or better wind resource

5. What Has Been Accomplished to Date

Afghanistans first power-generating wind farm : Panjshir Wind Power project :10 turbines, 100 kW

Site-specific data collection : Wind Measurement Tower Projects (WMTs):- 10 x 30m monitoring towers installed + 6 x 50m monitoring towers installed in 3~5

provinces

Other : Small scale hybrid wind / solar projects in different parts of the country

6. Average Data of WMTs(50m)

50m - East 50m - West 40m 30m

Shekeban 9.70 9.42 9.26 8.55

Urdukhan 6.42 6.33 6.07 5.78

Sari Tangi 4.81 5.11 4.65 4.29

Uljato 6.46 6.64 6.34 6.03

3 Parwan Jabelseraj 3.71 3.74 3.69 3.27

4 Kabul Naghlo 6.10 6.90 5.85 5.89

2 Balkh

Wind Monitoring Tower (50m)

Measured Annual Data

No Province District

Average Wind Speed (m/s)

1 Hearat


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7. To Afghanistan, with Wind

Making the Promise of Afghan Wind into a Reality- Potential socio-economic benefits from developing the wind energy sector- The first big steps have been taken Invest in innovation, Improve access to capital,

Partner on a global scale, Accelerate technology market introduction and adoption,

Privatization of Renewable Energy Sector.


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Wind Energy Development in Nepal

Presented by : Surya Kumar Sapkota, Assistant Director

Ministry of Science, Technology & Environment, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre

[email protected]

1. Background

Land locked Himalayan country with diverse climate situation Around 85% population live in rural areas (total 26.6 million) and agriculture main

occupation

Total energy consumption 10.23 Million TOE (2012) & per capita energy consumption is16 GJ/year

67.26% population has access to electricity including 13% from RE sources Hydropower isdominant sources of electricity.

Sources of Energy (2012)- Renewable Energy 1% + Commercial Energy 14% + Traditional Energy 85%-

Traditional Energy Sources = Fuel wood 89% + Livestock residues 7% + Agriculturalresidues 4%

2. Wind Energy Potential

Nepal has varying wind energy speed with both altitude and also seasonal. By considering commercially viable Wind Power Density (WPD) 300 w/m2, there is 6074 sq.

km area with power density greater than 300 WPD.

If 10% of total feasible area is taken, about 3000 MW of total electricity can be generatedby wind energy@ 5 MW per sq. km.

6074 sq km area having wind power density (WPD) more than 300 and less than 5,000


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3. Probable Village: Wind/Solar Hybrid in Nepal

4. Some of the Initiatives

Breakthrough in 1989 by State Utility- 2 x 10 kW, WT in high altitude Solar & Wind Energy Resource Assessment with UNEP support in 2005 8 Pilot Projects: 3.2 kW (AEPC) 10 wind mast installed for resource assessment Biggest one 10 kW Wind Power with 2 KWp solar PV in 2011 with ADB support Some Local initiatives by private companies

Total installed: 68.3 kW (ranging from 200 W to 10 kW)

5. Wind Energy Policy

Prepare Wind Energy Master Plan by collecting wind energy data from potential sites. Technology transfer to develop wind energy by involving the private sector. The taxes (VAT and Custom Duties) are exempted for import and manufacturing of Wind

Energy equipment

Subsidy to Wind Energy-


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6. Proposed Wind Energy Policy

Develop wind energy in reducing current energy crisis and to contribute in NationalEconomy.

Identification of potential sites, wind data measurement and resource assessment toencourage private sector investment.

Generate 2 MW, 20 MW and 200 MW electricity from wind energy in next 2 years, 5years and 15 years respectively

Establish community based local mini grid from wind power generated for capacityenhancement of local wind power producer and to create conducive environment for

investment in this sector.

7. Proposed Wind Energy Policy

Promotion of wind energy at potential sites based on existing wind resource mappingreport.

Conduct wind resource mapping at new potential sites. BOOT Modality for wind power project development. Make necessary provision to minimize environmental impact from wind projects and to re-

settlement of victimized households.

National capital market are encouraged for the investment on wind projects through JointVenture Company..

Provision for risk mitigation and minimization. Involvement of community/cooperative, local government and private sector for wind

energy generation, transmission and distribution through competitive market growth.

Appropriate and transparent power pricing and PPA. Provision of Wheeling to encourage Private sector.

8. Challenges

Inadequate wind resource data: Sensors, Height and long term reference data. Primitive Tech/Poor installation practices. Public perception and acceptance (Due to failure of 1st wind turbine - Kagbeni Project). Lack of human resource capacity in the sector. Lack of financing and as well as technical assistance for the wind energy development and

promotion.

Lack of infrastructure like transportation- complex geographical situation. Grid extension in potential areas of wind energy.


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9. Conclusion and Way Forward

Wind Energy Sector is still in Post Demonstration Stage: Yet to be commercialized. Two Prongs Approach Small Wind and Utility Scale Formulation of wind standard and DFS guideline. Standardize Wind Turbine for Rural Electrification say 5 kW or 10 kW. Formulation of grid code and PPA for RE Provisions. Capacity building of private sector and create business enabling environment and

conductive environment for investment in this sector.

Responsible Manufacturing and installation Practice.


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Wind Energy in Pakistan

Presented by : Nusrat Ullah, Director

GOVERNMENT OF BALOCHISTAN, ENERGY DEPARTMENT

[email protected]

1. Energy Shortfall in Pakistan

Electricity Crisis in Pakistan is one of the severe challenges the country is facing today.Electricity is essential part of our daily life and its shortage has severely affected theeconomy and overall living of ours. Pakistan is currently facing up to 18 hours of

electricity outage a day, is expected to face more if not dealt with in time.

2. Current Energy Crises

Current Energy Annual Shortfall goes even up to 5,000 MW Annual Increase in Energy Demand: 8-12% Peak Demand: 13,000 18,000 MW Todays Energy Shortfall: 3,059 MW

3. The Capacity of Deficit

PAKISTAN GRID ELECTRICITY DEMAND PROJECTIONS 2005-2025

Year Energy Demand TWhBase Line Scenario /

Peak Demand MWCapacity Deficit MW

2005 61 14,502 440

2010 20,584 5,529

2015 151 31,888 ?

2020 230 48,173 ?

2025 361 75636 ?

Avg. annual growth

rate

9.30% 8.60%
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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4. Wind Energy

The demand for energy has increased in tremendous proportions in the last few decadesin Pakistan; the same is expected to increase further in the coming years.

The primary sources of energy available in Pakistan are oil, natural gas, hydro and nuclearPower.

At present oil accounts for approximately 45% of total commercial energy supply. The share of natural gas is 34% while that of hydel power remains roughly at 15%. The

increase in cost of fossil fuel and the various environmental problems of large scale power

generation have led to increased appreciation of the potential of electricity generation

from non-conventional sources. This has provided the planners and economists to find

out other low cost energy resources.

Wind and Solar energies are the possible clean and low cost renewable resourcesavailable in the country.

The potential, for the use of alternative technologies, has never been fully explored inPakistan.

Wind power provides opportunity to reduce dependence on imported fossil fuel and atthe same time expands the power supply capacity to remote locations where grid

expansion is not practical.

Recently conducted survey of Wind Power Potential along coastal areas of the country byPakistan Meteorological Department (PMD), indicates that a potential exists for harvesting

wind energy using currently available technologies, especially along Sindh and Balochistan

coast.

Gharo, Dalbandin, Nokkundi, and Taftan are the sites in Sindh and Balochisrtan where thewind data have been recorded and studied by PMD, has been selected for this feasibility

study.

The wind measurements at Gharo, Dalbandin, Nokkundi, and Taftan have been carried outduring 24 months period.

The annual mean wind speed is estimated to be 6.86m/s at 50 meter above ground level.

The annual power density of area is 408.6 W/m2(watts per square meter ), which bring thesite into good category of power potential, which means these areas are suitable for large

economically viable wind farm.

5. Wind Resources in Pakistan

Pakistan has a 1,046 Km coastline in the South Average wind speed more than 7 m/s in Gharo Wind Corridor Estimated Wind Potential more than 50,000 MW Other sites in Balochistan and Northern Areas being identified


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6. Performance

Generally wind farm located in area with good winds and having a typical value ofcapacity factor i.e. 25% at least are economically viable.

A typical life of wind turbine is 20 to 25 years. Maintenance is required at 6 months interval.

7. Risks Associated with Investments in Wind Power

The returns from investments in this sector are very dependent on government policies,both in terms of the incentives given and the taxation structure imposed on businesses.

Hence changes in either are a source of concern to the investors. For example, changes inthe tax laws that make all companies liable to pay a minimum tax on their profits, may

negatively affect the wind program because it reduces the benefit from the tax shelter

that investments here could provide.

The main fuel controlling generation in any year is the wind speed. This is beyond theinvestors control: there is always the risk that actual generation in any year could be

below the expected level.

Grid availability to evacuate the generated power is an essential requirement. Poor gridavailability and reliability are again risks that have to be borne by the investors under the

current situation.

8. Wind Potential Area of Balochistan

Total Area of Balochistan suitable for wind farms = 9,749 km2 Average Capacity Factor of this area in Balochistan = 25% Wind power potential of 18MW Wind Farm on 1 km2 area when Capacity Factor is 25%

= 18 x 0.25= 4.5MW

Gross Potential of the area corresponding to 25% Capacity Factor = 9749 x 4.5 = 43,871 MW Exploitable Potential ( 25% of the area) 11,000 MW

9. The Benefits of Wind Energy

Wind energy is an ideal renewable energy because:- It is a pollution-free, infinitely sustainable form of energy.- It doesnt require fuel.-

It doesnt create greenhouse gasses it doesnt produce toxic or radioactive waste.


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Wind energy is quiet and does not present any significant hazard to birds or other wildlife. When large arrays of wind turbines are installed on farmland, only about 2% of the land

area is required for the wind turbines.

The rest is available for farming, livestock, and other uses. Landowners often receive payment for the use of their land, which enhances their income

and increases the value of the land.

Ownership of wind turbine generators by individuals and the community allows people toparticipate directly in the preservation of our environment.

Each megawatt-hour of electricity that is generated by wind energy helps to reduce 0.8 to0.9 tones of greenhouse gas.

Wind generated electric power output at Dalbandin, Nokkundi, and Taftan has beenestimated by using the 600kW wind turbine Bonus 600/40 MK IV type.

The cut-in wind speed of turbine is 3m/s and cutout wind speed is 25m/s. Rotor diameter is 44 meters and hub height has been taken as 50 meter. Recently conducted survey of Wind Power Potential along coastal areas of the country by

Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD), indicates that a potential exists for harvesting

wind energy using currently available technologies, especially along Sindh and Balochistan

coast.

Using the measured wind data the annual gross energy production by an 18 MW windfarm consisting of thirty 600 kW turbines will be 45 million kWh. Taking into account the

wind turbine availability, net losses and wake effects in the wind farm the net annualenergy production is estimated to 31 million kWh per year corresponding to a capacity

factor of 28%.

10. Resource Potential

The wind map developed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), USA incollaboration with USAID, has indicated a potential of 346,000 MW in Pakistan.

The Gharo-Keti Bandar wind corridor spreading 60 KM along the coastline of SindProvince and more than 170 km deep towards the land alone has a potential of

approximately 50,000 MW.

30% ~ 32% Capacity Factor estimated in Gharo -Keti Bandar area. Wind resource in Gharo ~ Keti Bandar wind corridor validated by RisO DTU (National

laboratory under the Danish Ministry of Research and Information Technology. ) National

Laboratory, Denmark.

11. Target

At least 5% of the total power generation by the year 2030.


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12. Government Incentives

Government of Pakistan's "Policy for Development of Renewable Energy for PowerGeneration" offers the following incentives:

- Wind Risk in Certain Areas (risk of variability of wind speed).- Guaranteed electricity purchase.- Grid provision is the responsibility of the purchaser.- Protection against political risk.- Attractive Tariff (Cost plus with up to 17% ROE), indexed to inflation & exchange rate

variation (Rupee / Dollar).

- Euro/Dollar parity allowed.- Carbon Credits available.- No Import Duties on Equipment.- Exemption on Income Tax/Withholding Tax and Sales Tax.- Permission to issue corporate registered bonds.

13. Tariff

NEPRA has so far announced tariff determinations for five (5) IPPsName of IPP Tariff(USD Cents per kWh) Announced

Green Power Pvt Ltd. 10.2852 27 Apr. 2007

Dawood Power 11.87 06 Dec. 2008

Zorlu Energy Pakistan 12.1057 23 May 2008

Arabian Sea Wind Energy 11.92 12 May 2010

Fauji Fertilizer Company Energy 16.019 10 Aug. 2010

14. Feasibility Study

Feasibility studies for 50 MW wind power projects submitted by thirteen (13) IPPs

15. Reasons to Invest in Pakistan's Alternative Energy Sector

Extremely Attractive/ investor-friendly RE Policy 2006- Wind Risk Coverage

- Buy Back Guarantee

- Liberal Political Risk Coverage

- Liberal Fiscal / Financial Incentives

- Attractive IRR


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Facilitation for procurement / lease of land for wind farms provided by AEDB (unheard ofin other territories around the world).

Extremely cheap rates offered for land for Wind farms (Euro 7/- only per acre per year. Environmental Issues dealt with by AEDB on behalf of investors (incl. EIA and relevant

Government permissions).

Attractive Tariff offered. Availability of infrastructure for setting up manufacturing facilities.


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WIND ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES

Presented by : Marissa P. Cerezo, Assistant Director

Renewable Energy Management Bureau, Department of Energy

1. Power Generation Mix

Source of Energy 2010 year 2011 year Remarks

Natural Gas 19,516 28.81% 20,272 29.69% Share in 2011 year

Self-sufficiency

= 61.8%

Green Energy

= 59.3 %

RE = 29.4%

Geothermal 9,930 14.66% 10,494 15.37%

Hydro 7,803 11.52% 9,449 13.84%

Wind 61 0.09% 68 0.10%

Biomass 27 0.04% 61 0.09%

Solar 0 0.00% 0 0.00%

Coal 23,303 34.40% 25,433 37.25%

Oil based 7,099 10.48% 2,499 3.66%

Total Generation(GWh) 67,742 100% 68,279 100%

2. Wind Energy Roadmap (by 2030)

Mainstreaming of 1,540 MW (3.372 TWH) wind capacities (US$3.85 B) Annual CO2 emission reduction - 2.529 Million Tons (US$12.7 M) Generated jobs 1,280

3. Wind Energy Sub-Program

Technology- Enhance Database- Establish RE Laboratory and Institute- Demonstrate Smart Grid- Establish Code of Practice and Safety Standard

Commercialization- Provision of Fiscal and Non-Fiscal incentives- Market Study on Local Manufacturing of PV & Wind power BOS- Streamline permitting process


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- Mainstream smart grid- RRA by IRENA

Area Based- Regular IEC Program- Link with academe on integration of W in technical and/or engineering courses

PromotionESTABLISH AFFILIATED RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTERS (ARECS)

- Provide technical and extension services to SW users/clienteles;- Assist in the conduct of SW resource inventory;- Assist in the development of regional/provincial SW energy database- Undertake R & D activities on SW; and- Provide assistance to DOE-initiated SW and related activities.

4. Wind Energy Resources

Over 10,000 km with 76,600 MW of potential capacity Identified potential sites with power density of at least 500 W/m2 and transmission line

cost of not over 25% of levelized cost of combined generation and transmission costs.

- Philippine total potentialis about 7,400 MW covering 1,038 wind sites:Luzon : 686 sites; 4,900 MW

Visayas : 305 sites; 2,168 MW

Mindanao : 47 sites; 336 MW

5. Status of Wind Energy

33-MW Bangui Bay Wind Power Project (Operational) 40 Wind Energy Service Contract (WESC) under Pre-development Stage 11 WESC (579.5-MW) under Development Stage and with Confirmation of Commerciality Wind Power Projects under construction

6. Wind Projects under Construction

54-MW Guimaras Wind Power Project / Trans-Asia Renewable Energy Corporation 54-MW Guimaras Wind Power Project / Trans-Asia Renewable Energy Corporation 81-MW Caparispisan Wind Power Project / Northern Luzon UPC Asia Corporation 18-MW Phase-III Bangui Bay Wind Power Project / NorthWind Power Development

Corporation


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Wind Power in Thailand

Presented by : Kumpa Kang, CEO

GREENGROWTH

[email protected]

1. Renewable Energy Policy in Thailand

Renewable Energy Development Plan in 15 years To make use of renewable energy instead of importing oil, to increase the security of

energy supply to the country

To promote the use of energy in a fully integrated green community, to supportrenewable energy technology industry in the country, to promote research, development,

energy efficient technologies

Target 25% of renewable energy in total energy consumption by 2021 Wind : 1,800MW Biomass : 4,800MW Heat : 9,800ktoe Solar : 3,000MW Biogas : 3,600MW Biofuels : 1,219ml./day Small Hydro : 324MW MSW : 400MW

2. ADEP Status (Alternative Energy Development Plan Rev#1 ; Electricity Sector)

Technology Unit Status Q1-Q2 / 2013 Target in 2021

Wind MW 215.18 1,800

Solar MW 619.64 3,000

Small Hydro MW 101.75 324

Biomass MW 2,185.05 4,800

Biogas MW 239.64 3,600

MSW MW 46.68 400

New Energy MW - 3

Total MW 3,408 13,927


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3. Supporting Schemes and Incentives

8 reasons to invest and do business in Thailand Consistent energy policies Renewable energy policy based on Sufficiency EconomyFramework Harboring private investments Growing power demand with dedicated GAP for renewable energy Low-risk PPA & trustworthy contracting partners Abundant supply of resources (solar & bio-energy) Bundling with CDM opportunity Friendly investment environment

4. Tariff for RE Adder

FuelAdder(Baht / kWh) Special Adder ** Supporting Period

VSPP* SPP* (Baht / kWh) (year)

Wind 50kW 3.50 3.50

* VSPPis Very Small Power Producers program under 10MW capacity, SPPis Small Power

Producerprogram 10~90MW capacity

** Special Adderfor Facilities in 3 Southern Provinces (Yala, Pattani, Narathivath) or Diesel-

Generation replacement on PEA system

5. Price of Electricity Purchase

Price of electricity purchase = Base tariff(2.9486) + Ft(0.498) + Adder(3.50) + SpecialAdder(1.50, in case of 10MW Wind Power at 3 southern province)

Base tariff; On-peak (3.8548) Off-peak (2.0424) Avg. (2.9486) Baht/kWh- The base tariff reflects the investment costs of utilities in development power plants,

transmission lines, distribution lines and energy costs with certain assumptions

pertaining to fuel prices, the inflation rate and exchange rates.

Ft (Fuel Tariff); 0.4980 Baht/kWh adjusting charge after 2010- According to the automatic adjustment mechanism- Increase or decrease based on changes in the coast of fuel and purchased power

costs


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- which are out of utilities control- Adjusted every 4 months

6. Wind Power Total Capacity in Thailand

193MW (on grid capacity as of September, 2013)

7. Wind Power Project Plan

Ko Yai wind farm project = 52MW (2MW x 26Units) Thai Gulf offshore wind farm project


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Triple Helix for Social Innovation: Saemaul Movement for Eradicating Poverty

Wha-Joon Rho

Emeritus Professor of Seoul National University

[email protected]

1. Introduction

Only recently researchers begin to study Saemaul Movement(1970~1979) in an aspect ofsocial innovation. The Role of Saemaul Leaders as Social Innovator(Rho,2013) is a goodexample. When we perceive the Saemaul Movement as social innovation, we can correctly

understand the characteristics of the Saemaul Movement and we can construct a solid

foundation for the theorization.

This study will clarify the characteristics of the Saemaul Movement as social innovationand analyze the ways how three groups of actors, these are chief policy maker and his

aids, central and local government officials, and Saemaul leaders successfully promoted

the Saemaul Movement in the mutual interaction processes. Based on this empiricalanalysis, I would like to develop actor based triple helix model to explain successful

promotion processes of the Saemaul Movement during the 1970s in Korea and argue that

why actor based triple model has more persuasive power to explain successful innovation

promotion processes for the social innovation.

2. Policies to eradicate poverty during the 1960s and their lessons

Structural change and poverty problems during the 1960s- More than 72% of the Korean people lived in rural community in early 1960s but it

decreased rapidly to 50% in 1970.

- Per capita income in Korea was 79 USD in 1960 and 203 USD in 1970. In this situation,the most crucial social problems Korean society faced were poverty, poor living

conditions and absence of a spirit to overcome hardship.

- The relative incomes of rural people compared to urban people were low.- Per capita disposable income of workers in Korea was 83.8 USD in 1965 and that of

rural community workers was 68.4 USD which was about 81.6 per cent of whole

workers of nation. This means that poverty problems in the rural society were very


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severe during the 1960s. The more severe problem was that the debts of farmers

increased very fast.

- Average farmers' debts which were 19 USD in 1962 reached to 50 USD in 1969.During the 8 years, debts increased about 2.6 times. So that, poverty problems whichwas the most urgent problems Korean society should solve at that time.

The policy endeavors for eradicating poverty and developing rural communities duringthe 1960s

- During the 1960s, Korean government had tried out to solve the poverty problemsprevailed in Korean society by introducing policy measures aiming at the reduction of

the burdens of rural peoples loans with high interest rates. Korean government also

adopted Peoples Movement for the National Reconstruction(PMNR).

- Policy measures aiming at the reduction of the burdens of rural people s loans withhigh interest rates was evaluated as partly successful one because rural peoples

income could not increase continuously since it was not accompanied with the new

income generation methods for the people.

- Therefore, that policy reform aiming at the reduction of the burdens of loans withhigh interest rates and the increase of incomes of the poor people were evaluated as

not so successful policy as expected. The main reason was that the result of thecollection of the capital funds used to reduce private loans with high interest rates

was not so desirable and farmers' evaluation for the result of the reduction of high

interest rate of private loans was negative(Lee, 1984: 355).

Peoples Movement for the National Reconstruction(PMNR)- After the military coup d'tat in May 16, 1961, coup d'tat leading group adopted

PMNR for the purposes to get the full support of the people for the ideologies of the

military revolution.

- In order to make every people know about the new images of the nation, the mainpower group of the military coup d'tat energetically promoted educational projects

to infuse new image of the nation and people into the peoples minds.

- They spent about 30 percent of the whole budget of the PMNR for the educationalprograms and they concentrated to the educational programs under the premise of

the development of all the programs of the PMNR.

- They established several training institutes. At the headquarter, central training


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institute was established to train instructors of cities and countries. And at the

provinces, regional training institutions were established to train instructors of the

towns and myeons(sub-country). For the people, they were taught for the spiritual

enlightenment and the development of democracy.

- However, PMNR could not realize what they wanted to accomplish. The main reasonwas that they tried to read the mind of the powerful government organizations which

they pushed forward the movement and promoted by the bureaucratic ways(Hong,

1965: 164).

Lessons learned through the poverty eradication movement- Among the policy measures during the 1960s to eradicate poverty, policy measures

aiming at the reduction of the burdens of rural peoples loans with high interest

rates(peoples loan reduction program) was target-oriented policy measures. On the

other hand, PMNR was a social movement approach to solve the poverty problem by

the spiritual enlightenment of the people through the spiritual education for the

general public.

- Peoples loan reduction program could not contribute greatly to farmers povertyreduction because this program was carried out with no relationships with farmers

income increase measures. Lessons learned through the peoples loan reductionprogram was that even though any policy measures could succeed in removing one

aspect of poverty problems, this measure could not succeed in eradicating poverty

without accompanying with the income increase measures for farmers in the long run.

- On the other hand, PMNR gave another aspect of lessons. That is, only through thespiritual education for the general public by the bureaucratic to down approach, not

only spiritual enlightenment for the general public but also interaction resonance with

the leaders of PMNR could not be occurred. But much more important lessons

learned were that, as in the case of PMNR with the characteristics of social innovation,

in order to succeed, there should be the chief policymakers presentation of vision to

lead the social movement and the front line leaders action as the social innovators.


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3. Approaches to Saemaul Movement during the 1970s and its characteristics as social

innovation

Why Saemaul Movement could be regarded as a social innovation?- Social innovation is a novel solution to a social problem that is more effective,

efficient, sustainable, or just than existing solutions and for which the value created

accrues primarily to society as a whole rather than private individuals. This view of

value creation puts great deal of weight on the difference between social and private

problems to be solved on the on hand, and the social and private value created as a

consequences of novel solution on the other(Phills, Deiglmeir and Miller, 2008: 34-43;

Auerswald, 2009: 52).

- During the 1960s and early 1970s when Saemaul Movement had begun, the mostcrucial social problems Korean society faced was the poverty, poor living condition

and absence of the spirit to overcome those hardships. Therefore, making better off

society was the most urgent task around that time in Korea and arousing the spirit to

be well-off is the most important task for social innovation.

- Therefore during the 1970s, the social innovation task to solve the problems which theKorean rural village faced was how new social capitals that were lacking in those days

created and built up.

Saemaul spirit as a social capital- Saemaul movement was for making better off society and a livable community.- Saemaul spirit was diligence, self-help and cooperation. And this Saemaul spirit

includingCan Do spirit was the social capital for solving social problems and forming

the foundation for the social development.

- Also the social capital was needed to make use of technology for the farming and forthe improvement of living environmental condition for the community well-being.

-

Therefore Seamaul movement as an antipoverty policy was for forming and creatingthe social capital for Korean society development during 1970s to solve poverty

problems.

- In order to create social capital, Saemaul Movement needed to adopt new approachesand new systems to make and to carry out Saemaul related policies.

- These new approaches were integrated system model and this new carrying- outsystem was a triple helix model. Because Saemaul Movement adopted new

approaches and new systems to carry out Saemaul related policies, Saemaul

Movement could be regarded as a social innovation.


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Strategy of Integrated Rural Development- Peoples National Reconstruction Movement(PNRM) put emphasis upon reforming

rural mentality, ended in failure as government failed to provide economic incentives

enough to make the movement take off the ground. Another attempt, called SpecialProject for Rural Peoples Income Increase was made in latter part of the 1960s. This

could not achieve considerable results, either mainly because it put emphasis on

economic aspects only, neglecting the spiritual element involved. These two failures

provided an empirical foundation in which both spiritual and economic aspects could

be integrated into the Saemaul Movement(Goh, 2010: 35).

An integrated system model of social belief, technology use and environmentalimprovement

- Saemaul Movement model which inspired the emergence of social value was theintegrated systems model combined by social belief, use of technology, living

environment and agricultural knowledge & technology, as shown in [Figure 1 -

Integrated system model of social belief, use of technology and living

environment]


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Triple Helix Model to carry out Saemaul Policies- The success of Saemaul Movement resulted from active interactions and mutual

influences among the three actor groups, that is, chief policy maker and their aides,central and local government officials and Saemaul leaders in rural areas as shown in

[Figure 2]. Triple Helix Model for Saemaul Movement

- In the processes of Saemaul Movement, three entities played their own roles: thepresident and his aides offered new vision and strategies; central and local government

officials planned the Saemaul projects, developed incentive systems and conducted result-

oriented management; and Saemaul leaders as well as other local community leaders

designed new projects to resolve difficult community problems as the catalyst, positive

deviants(PD) as well as supporter for new farming works.

4. Mutual Interactions and the Role of the chief policymaker, central and local government

officials and Saemaul leaders during carrying out processes of Saemaul policies

Major role of the chief policymaker- Initiating the Saemaul Movement


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- Proposing future vision for transformation- Modifying administrative systems to help successfully drive the Saemaul movement- Supporting the budget, which is the energy needed to push forward the movement- Nurturing Saemaul Leaders who would promote the movement at the local

community

- Holding Saemaul Cabinet meetings on a regular basis to identify and removeobstacles

- Hosting conferences where Saemaul leaders present their best practices with amotivate

Generative Leadership- The primary objective of generative leadership in facilitating emergence is to foster

and amplify novelty generation within an ecology of innovation.

- In an organization or a local community, emergence is closely related with an idea ofself-organizing.

- Complexity researchers have found that emergence requires the presence of asubstrate order that can be transformed, as well as structures that contain or channel

the emergence processes. When applying these ideas informs similar emergent

processes in organizations, enabling the processes of emergence become an active

not a passive leadership endeavor that requires the right conditions and constraints.

These are the roles and functions of the generative leadership(Goldstein, Hazy andLichtenstein, 2010).

- Therefore, president as chief policy maker played key role as generative leader duringthe processes of carrying out Saemaul policies to facilitate emergence of Saemaul

spirit.

Administrative structure and the role of government officials for Saemaul Movement- During the 1970s, government set up the organizational arrangement with the series

of committees. A series of councils were formed with government agencies from the

central government to local governments as shown in [Figure 3]. These organizations

developed plans to carry out and support for Saemaul Movement, and implemented

these plans.

- The Ministry of Home Affairs(MHA) integrated and coordinated government policies.The new Saemaul Movement Central Consultative Council promoted and managed

overall planning. The upper-level councils gave the lower-level councils the plans and

guidance for carrying out the projects.

- The lower-level councils should report the results of the Saemaul Movement in theirown jurisdictions and had authorities for asking government supports for the projects

to the upper-level councils. This organizational arrangement which covered all the


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related government agencies was beneficial to enhance the coordination, information

sharing among authorities concerned, efficient planning and implementation of the

Saemaul projects (Whang, 1983; Eom, 2012).

In the pursuit of four goals of Saemaul projects, the coaching strategies of Saemaulleaders were aiming at the improvement of the knowledge of village leaders and residents

through learning, empowering and helping them to translate what they learned into

actions, so that they could have ownership for the Saemaul project.

In these processes, key contents for education include:- the ways to recognize the needs;- the ways to determine the current situations;- the ways to recognize issues;- the ways to develop plans and pursuit the plans to solve recognized issues;- the ways to seek help when they felt the lack of knowledge and capability while

pursing the projects

- the ways to identify strategies, to implement projects, etc.

5. Inspiration to motivate for participating in Saemaul Movement and lessons learned from

the emergence of Saemaul spirit

The goal of Saemaul Movement was to construct a good society to live in. This ultimategoal of Saemaul Movement could be achieved only when rural community people quite

agreed with the goal of Saemaul Movement presented by the chief policymaker and

actively participated in Saemaul Movement. No matter how high and grand vision and

value of Saemaul Movement was, if rural people who were the objects of Saemaul

Movement did not participate in the movement enthusiastically, this goal could not be

realized.

Then, how core leading group of Saemaul Movement could inspire the rural people whowere the objects of the movement to take part in the movement enthusiastically?

We can find the clue of the answer for this question in the marketing theory of SimonSinek. Sinek developed golden circle model to explain buying behavior in the market. As a

useful medium to inspire peoples desire to buy the goods in the marketing, he took WHY,

HOW TO, and WHAT. And then he established relationships among them as shown in

[Figure 5]. He argues that it is the manufacturing companys general strategies to induce

the people to buy the products by propagating the WHAT or HOW TO.


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Here, WHAT includes products functions, properties, uses, etc. HOW TO includes theproduction processes such as materials used, techniques, etc. Compared to these, WHY

means purposes, beliefs, or causes for which people or company exist.

Marketing messages of most of the companies would move from the outside to inside atthe golden circle. It would start with some statement of WHAT the company does or

makes, followed by HOW they think they are different or better than the competition,

followed by some call to action. With that, the company would expect some behavior in

return, in this case a purchase(Sinek, 2009: 40).

Generally, the communication is organized in an attempt to convince someone of adifference or superior value.

Most of the companies utilize manipulation to increase transactions. Manipulations are aperfectly valid strategies for driving a transaction, or for any behavior that is only required

once or on rare occasions. Generally the manipulation will work if the incentive feels high

enough to mitigate the risk. In any circumstance in which a person or an organization

wants more than a single transaction, however, if there is a hope for a loyal, lasting

relationship, manipulation does not help(Sinek, 2009: 31). In order to get lasting

relationship with the customers, companies should be able to inspire people to act.

Golden circle theory explains how companies as well as great leaders can inspire peopleto get loyalty.

The Golden Circle provides compelling evidence of how much more we can achieve if weremind ourselves to start everything we do by first asking why. To support this argument,

Sinek gave us various examples such company as Apple, Southwest Airlines and such

great man as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and John F. Kennedy. He argues that golden circle

offers clear insight as how Apple is able to innovate in so many diverse industries and

never lose its ability to do so. It provides a clearer understanding not just of how

Southwest Airlines created the most profitable airline in history, but why the thing it did

work. It even gives some clarity as to why people followed Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in a

movement that changed a nation and why we took up John F. Kennedy s challenge to put

a man on the moon even after he died. The golden circle shows, Sinek insists, how these

leaders were able to inspire action by starting why instead of manipulating people to

act(Sinek, 2009: 38).

Golden circle theory developed mostly, as marketing theory to explain buying behaviors.However, if we can further develop this golden circle theory by modifying some aspects,

this golden circle theory can be used to explain why people decide to participate in a


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large scale social innovation movement such as Saemaul Movement with enthusiasm.

In golden circle shown in [Figure 5], WHY is the vision and purpose of the socialinnovation movement. In a large scale social innovation movement such as SaemaulMovement, chief policymaker and his aids develop and present vision and purposes of

social innovation. That is, chief policymaker and his aids inspire WHY to other actor

groups by presenting vision and purposes. In contrast with this, central and local

government officials develop plans and incentive systems to carry out these vision and

purposes presented by the chief policymaker. This means that government officials

develop HOW TO to realize vision and values. On the other hand, WHAT is the projects

and activities which front line leaders as social innovators carry out in cooperation with

people.

Just like above mentioned, three actor groups who are involved in a large scale socialinnovation movement play different roles and they lead the innovation movement in the

processes of mutual interactions. In Saemaul Movement as a large scale social innovation

movement, these three actor groups played each role and led people during the

innovation movement processes.

We have previously analyzed three actor groups' roles and activities. That is, chiefpolicymaker and his aids developed and presented vision and purposes of SaemaulMovement, central and local government officials developed and carried out plans and

incentive systems to realize these vision and purposes, and Saemaul leaders as social

innovators played the roles as catalysts for development and carrying out rural village

modernization projects, supporters of the new innovative ideas for farming, and positive

deviants for the spiritual enlightenment of rural villages' people.

In a large scale social innovation movement like Saemaul Movement, WHY in the goldencircle not only played functions to inspire people who are the objects of the movement

but also played function to inspire other actor groups who played HOW TO function and

WHAT function. In marketing theory, WHYs function is to inspire buyers to enhance their

loyalty to the companys products. However, in the large scale social innovation movement,

WHY should play the function to inspire not only objects of innovation but also other

actor groups who play HOW TO function and WHAT function to raise loyalty to their roles.

With this enhanced loyalty, other actor groups who played HOW TO function and WHAT

function can carry out their roles honestly and effectively.

And if these two other actor groups who were in charge of HOW TO and WHAT functioncould be inspired to enhance their loyalty to the vision and purposes of the social


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innovation movement, then the movement could succeed in attaining the goals.

In Saemaul Movement in April 26, 1972, the President Park, Chung-Hee by himself wrotethe handwritten script expressing the philosophy and belief of the President Parks

concerning Saemaul Movement in detail at the Saemaul Income Increasing Conference.

3.What is Saemaul Undong(purpose and concept)?.....(3) To put it more easily, SaemaulUndong is a campaign to live a better life. (4) What is a better life? A better life is one

where- People escape from poverty, Income increases so that rural communities can

become affluent and enjoy an elegant and cultural life, Neighbors share friendship and

help one another, and A good and beautiful village to live in is created. Although it is

important to have a good life today, it is a bigger ambition to create a better life for

tomorrow and for our offspring. (Lets discover the philosophy of Saemaul Undong)..

(Gyeongsangbukdo Saemaul Undong Center, 2012: 10-11).

As we can see in [Figure 6], the fusion and sharing of WHY, HOW TO and WHAT, that is,sharing of ideologies and knowledge for driving the social innovation movement among

three actor groups to carry out the movement, by creating the interaction resonance

during the mutual interaction processes, can raise the probability of successful driving of

the movement. However, if the degree of the fusion and sharing of them is low, then the

probability to successful completion of the movement can be much lowered. This is the

lesson learned through the experience of driving Saemaul Movement during the 1970s.

That is, if actor groups who are in charge of HOW TO and WHAT are inspired by the beliefof WHY, then it means that these actor groups' loyalty to the ideologies of social

innovation movement can be enhanced and this, in turn, conjoin WHY with HOW TO and

WHAT. If three actor groups who play different roles in the social innovation movement

can share the belief and knowledge and interaction resonance can be arisen, thenpossibilities of successful driving of a large scale social innovation movement can be

enhanced and the entropy of shared driving force can be much lowered. These lessons

learned through the experience of Saemaul Movement during the 1970s can be the logic

of actor based triple helix theory to successful driving of a large scale social innovation

movement.


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Jeju, 21 February 2014

World Wind Energy Association

Uniting the World of Wind Energywww.wwindea.org

Stefan Gsnger

Wind Power around the World

Jeju, February 2014


World Wind Energy AssociationUniting the World of Wind Energywww.wwindea.org

Stefan Gsnger

Preliminary figure for 2013


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Stefan Gsnger

Preliminary figures for 2013



Stefan Gsnger

Installed Capacity per Capita [W/cap]

If the world follows Denmark: 5000000 MW wind capacity


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Stefan Gsnger

Installed Capacity per Land Area

[kW/sqkm]

If the world follows Denmark: 12000000 MW wind capacity



Stefan Gsnger

Small Wind (< 100kW)


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Electricity generated: 600 TWh, > Germanys electricity demand

Share in global electr ic ity demand: ~ 4 %

Countries with high wind shares: Denmark 34 % Portugal 20 %

Spain 16 % Ireland 16 %

Germany 11 %

Stefan Gsnger



Stefan Gsnger

100% Wind Power:


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The World Wind Energy Associationwww.wwindea.org

Kingston, 25 June 2008Stefan Gsnger

Prof.Dr._Ing. Choong-Yul Son, Vice President WWEA, Mokpo Uni.

The trend of the small wind energy

sector worldwide

Networking Session, Wind Energy

Asia 2014

Jeju, 21-22 February 2014





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Prof.Dr._Ing. Choong-Yul Son, V

agenda: increasing energy access through community wind power, off-grid power supply and small...

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