genetically modified
Post on 25-Feb-2016
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It is understood by genetically modified organism (GMO) any organism which
genetic material, by biotechnology techniques, was altered to encourage some
characteristic desired, so it does not occurs naturally.
Desired objectives with the GOM
Possibility to control:
The introduced genes;
The form of expression of genes;
Assign a form or a desired feature.
Action Insecticide
Herbicide Resistance
Pigmentation changes
Improvement of Quality
Protein
Increased Productivity
Characteristics mostly desired to obtain
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Most genetically modified organisms are transgenic food, however, these two concepts
are not synonymous.
GMO foods GMO
Organismo que
possui uma
sequência de ADN,
ou parte do ADN de
outro organismo.
Organismo que foi
modificado
geneticamente, mas
que não recebeu
nenhuma parte de
outro organismo.
1983First GMO cultivation (United States / France)
1993
First crop commercialized (Flavr Savr tomato)
1994
First GMO cultivation in Portugal (Tomato / Potato)
Advantages
Disadvantages
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AdvantagesTolerance to Herbicides- Increased Productivity
Tolerance to Insects - Reduction of Chemicals Used
Reduction of use of Fertilizer
Improving the Quality of Food
Ending the World Hunger
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Pollution of the Environment
Reduction of Biodiversity
Increased of Allergy
Risk of genetic pollution of soils
Disadvantages
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Probability of Occurrence of
Allergies
Effect of altered DNA
Cross-pollination
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Risks to Human Health
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ToxicityTendency to
cause allergic
reactions.
Components suspected of
having toxic properties.
Stability of
inserted gene.
Adverse effects
related to genetic
modification.
The safety study of GMO products usually investigates the:
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Soil disturbance
Herbicide resistance Pests
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Risks to the Environment
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Productivity Equal or Lower
Possible cases of failed crops
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Socioeconomic impacts
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LabellingIn order to be marketed, the GOM should be, initially, subjected to a very rigorous
evaluation process and then, labeled, respecting the rules on labeling and traceability of
products.
All food products containing more
than 0.9 percent of GMOs in its
composition, must include this
information on the label.
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Worldwide Cultivation
Soybean Potato Tomato Rice Corn Squash
IN
PORTUGAL
Areas of Cultivation of
GMOs in Portugal
Portugal is at position 22 in countries with transgenic crops in 2012,
with 5 million ha planted.
In Portugal the cultivation of GMOs are only of transgenic corn.
The corn crops have a transformation named as: MON810
Genetically modified with a gene to survive pests.
The main reason for the cultivation of transgenic corn by portuguese farmers are resistance to
attack by the borer, a pest that can reach serious proportions, affecting crops.
Cultivation of Transgenic Corn Number of Notifications Total Area (ha)
North 29 164,5
Center 55 774,2
Lisbon 54 2.322,1
Alentejo 120 5.796,2
Algarve 1 12,9
Azores (S. Miguel) 19 208,2
The National Total 278 9.278,1 Data Relating to a 23-08-2012
Example of products consumed
23 July 22, 2012
The Portuguese Environment Agency is
the competent authority in Portugal, this
theme.
In order to ensure the process sustainable
and safe use of GMOs, the European Union
has established a regulatory framework.
The basic legislation is
Directive 2001/18 / EC
of 12 March, which
entered into force on
17 October 2002.
Portugal
transposed
Directive through
Decree. No.
72/2003 of 10
April.
Legislation
It is essential increase the information available on this topic and transmit it to society to understand what GMOs are, and so express your freedom to choose, even though many technical aspects are complex, one has to know!
Thank you for your attention!
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