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MOTION GRAPHICSby Sam Watson
Overview
“The Origin of Intent” - Prehistory and Antiquity“The Birth of Cinema” - The “Magic Lantern” to Latham Loop
“And then there was sound!” - “Talkies”“But what about us?” - Saul Bass and Pablo Ferro
The End - Q & A and article discussion
“The Origin of Intent”
Prehistory and Antiquity
http://imagecache6.allposters.com/lrg/29/2923/IU5RD00Z.jpg
http://precinemahistory.net/900.htm
Before 10000 B.C.3000-2000 B.C.
121 B.C.
(Ceram 27)
“The Birth of Cinema”
The “Magic Lantern”
http://www.equisetites.de/kircher/kircher.gif
The Inventor
Name: Father Athanasius Kircherb.1602 - d.1680Occupation: Jesuit PriestNationality: GermanOther: Author of Ars MagnaLucis et Umbrae (1646)
http://www.luikerwaal.com/newframe_uk.htm?/wonder1_uk.htm
Oldest existing Magic LanternMade in 1720 by Dutch instrument maker Jan van Musschenbroek
EidophusikonThe Inventor
Name: Philippe Jacques de Loutherbourgb.1740 - d.1812Occupation: ArtistNationality: English (orignally French)Other: Paintings of naval battles
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Philippe_Jacques_de_Loutherbourg_by_Philippe_Jacques_de_Loutherbourg.jpg
http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/eidophusikon.gif
FantasmagoriaThe Inventor
Name: E.G. Robertsonb.1764 - d.1837Occupation: ShowmanNationality: BelgianOther: Patented Fantoscope.
http://www.museecinemaphoto.com/projection/Robertson.jpg
http://www.sharonlathan.net/storage/peppers%20ghost.bmp
PanoramaThe Inventor
Name: Robert Barkerb.1739 - d.1806Occupation: PainterNationality: English
http://www.panoramaonview.org/Robert_Barker_portrait.jpg http://en.citizendium.org/images/thumb/9/95/Moving_panorama.jpg/600px-Moving_panorama.jpg
DioramaThe Inventor
Name: Louis Jacques Mande Daguerreb.1787 - d.1851Occupation: ArtistNationality: FrenchOther: Invents Daguerreotype.
http://sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc4/hs246.snc4/39616_426354286796_524836796_4526182_3860959_n.jpg
http://www.midley.co.uk/diorama/Diorama_Wood_1_3_files/diorama_wood_fig_03_s.gif
Phenakistoscope
http://sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc4/hs246.snc4/39616_426354286796_524836796_4526182_3860959_n.jpg
Name: Joseph AntoineFerdinand Plateau b.1801 - d.1883Occupation: PhysicistNationality: BelgianOther: Law of Stroboscopic Effect (1836)
http://billdouglas.ex.ac.uk/eve/object_images/69236-2.jpg
The Inventor
“Lantern Wheel of Light”
http://sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc4/hs246.snc4/39616_426354286796_524836796_4526182_3860959_n.jpg
Name: Baron Franz von Uchatius b.1811 - d.1881Occupation: Professional SoldierNationality: Austrian
http://www.precinemahistory.net/images/uchatius_machine_1853.gif
The Inventor
Kinematoscope
Name: Coleman Sellers b.1827 - d.1907Occupation: EngineerNationality: American
The Inventor
http://www.todayinsci.com/Events/Patent/Kinematoscop-e31357Thm.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d6/Coleman_Sell-ers_II.gif
Phasmatrope
http://www.precinemahistory.net/images/rudge_phantascope.jpg
Name: Henry Reno Heyl b.18?? - d.????Occupation: InventorNationality: AmericanOther: Invented stapler.
?
The Inventor
Stop-Action Series PhotographyThe Inventor
Name: Eadweard James Muybridgeb.1830 - d.1904Occupation: PhotographerNationality: EnglishOther: Zoopraxiscope, Zoogryo-scope
http://americanhistory.si.edu/muybridge/img/jpgs/i_1_03.jpg
http://www.joyfulexpressions-photography-art.com/images/Muybridgehorse-in-motionChart2.jpg
Praxinscope
http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10302565&wwwflag=2&imagepos=42
Name: Charles-Emile Reynaud b.1844 - d.1918Occupation: Science TeacherNationality: FrenchOther: Théâtre Optique, first animated film
The Inventor
http://www.victorian-cinema.net/praxinoscope.jpg
ZoopraxiscopeThe Inventor
Name: Eadweard James Muybridgeb.1830 - d.1904Occupation: PhotographerNationality: EnglishOther: Stop-Action Series Photography, Zoogryoscope
http://americanhistory.si.edu/muybridge/img/jpgs/i_1_03.jpg http://screenheritage.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/zoopraxiscope1.jpg
“Gun Camera”
http://26.media.tumblr.com/iNIi9iwtqluvzkxd8sTnb5puo1_500.jpg
The Inventor
Name: Étienne-Jules Mareyb.1830 - d.1904Occupation: ScientistNationality: FrenchOther: Chronophotography
http://www.stephenherbert.co.uk/mPhiladExhib.gif
TachyscopeThe Inventor
Name: Ottomar Anschützb.1846 - d.1907Occupation: PhotographerNationality: GermanOther: Goerz/Anschütz Camera, Electrotachyscope
http://www.lilienthal-museum.de/olma/documents/ansch.jpg
http://www.victorian-cinema.net/tachyscope.jpg
ElectrotachyscopeThe Inventor
Name: Ottomar Anschützb.1846 - d.1907Occupation: PhotographerNationality: GermanOther: Goerz/Anschütz Camera, Tachyscope
http://www.lilienthal-museum.de/olma/documents/ansch.jpg
http://www.victorian-cinema.net/electricalschnellseher.jpg
Théâtre Optique
http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10302565&wwwflag=2&imagepos=42
Name: Charles-Emile Reynaud b.1844 - d.1918Occupation: Science TeacherNationality: FrenchOther: Praxinscope, first animat-ed film
The Inventor
http://www.victorian-cinema.net/theatreoptique.jpg
LPCC 16-lens Camera
http://www.victorian-cinema.net/theatreoptique.jpg
The Inventor
Name: Louis Aimé Augustin Le Prince b.1841 - d.1890Occupation: Chemist, EngineerNationality: FrenchOther: Earliest extant film strip
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_37ImAbEFvLU/SBXrHhxe0WI/AAAAAAAAANQ/0uWJUzzFOwk/s320/LePrince.jpg
Kinetograph & KinetoscopeThe Inventor
Name: William Kennedy Laurie Dickson b.1860 - d.1935Occupation: InventorNationality: BritishOther: First film director.
http://education.eastmanhouse .org/discover/kits/images/7/EDDK70000026.jpghttp://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10302565&w
wwflag=2&imagepos=42
MutoscopeThe Inventor
http://www.tvdays.com/images/moustaches_big.jpg
Name: Herman Casler b.1867 - d.1939Occupation: InventorNationality: American
http://www.victorian-cinema.net/mutoscope.jpg
“The Black Maria”The Inventor
http://www.electronicsandyou.com/electronics-history/Thomas%20Alva%20Edison.jpg
Name: Thomas Alva Edison b.1847 - d.1931Occupation: InventorNationality: AmericanOther: Phonograph, lightbulb...
http://www.electronicsandyou.com/electronics-history/Thomas%20Alva%20Edison.jpg
PhantoscopeThe Inventor
http://www.arqhys.com/construcciones/imagenes/Charles%20Francis%20Jenkins.jpg
Name: Charles Francis Jenkins b.1867 - d.1934Occupation: InventorNationality: AmericanOther: Television
http://americanhistory.si.edu/cinema/ph047.gif
CinematographeThe Inventors
http://sechtl-vosecek.ucw.cz/en/images/autochromy/big/lumieri-naceduli.jpg
Name: Louis Lumière b.1864 - d.1948Occupation: FilmmakerNationality: French
Name: Auguste Lumière b.1862 - d.1954Occupation: FilmmakerNationality: French
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=phantascope&go=&form=QBIR&qs=n&sk=&sc=1-11#focal=1dd72be832080698e2ee4a92a256197d&furl=http%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fcinema%2Fph046.gif
Latham Loop
http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/LATHAM_LOOP.GIF
The Inventor
http://www.victorian-cinema.net/woodville.jpg
Name: Woodville Latham b.1837 - d.1911Occupation: Chemistry ProfessorNationality: American
“And then there was sound!”
“Talkies”The First
http://themave.com/bijou/20/ads/ad-jazzsinger.jpg
The Jazz Singer 1927Warner Bros.
Singin’ in the Rain1952MGM
Some Background
http://www.impawards.com/1952/posters/singin_in_the_rain.jpg
“But what about us?”
Saul Bass
http://www.filmreference.com/images/sjff_04_img1434.jpg
The Graphic Designer
b.1920 - d.1996Nationality: American
Example
http://www.impawards.com/1959/posters/anatomy_of_a_mur-der_ver2.jpg
Pablo Ferro
http://www.filmreference.com/images/sjff_04_img1434.jpg
The Graphic Designer
b.1935Nationality: Cuban-American
Example
http://www.movieposter.com/posters/archive/main/31/b70-
Works CitedAlvarez, Max. “The Origins of the Film Exchange.” Film History 17.4 (2005): 431-465. Communication and Mass Media Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.
Anatomy of a Murder. Dir. Otto Preminger. Perf. James Stewart, Lee Remick, Ben Gazzara, Arthur O’Connell, and George C. Scott. Columbia Pictures, 1959.
Boss, Shira J. “Movie Titles - More Than Just Setting Type, It’s an Art Form.” Christian Science Monitor. 07 July 2000: 19. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 4 Sept. 2010.
Burns, Paul. The History of the Discovery of Cinematography. 1997-2010. Oct.-Nov. 2010. < http://precinemahistory.net/>.
Ceram, C.W. Archaeology of the Cinema. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., 1965.
Cook, David A. A History of Narrative Fim. 4th ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2004.
Corliss, Richard. “Lights, Camera...Edison! (Cover story).” Time 176.1 (2010): 50-54. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.
“Development of the Motion Picure Camera.” Film Reference. 2007-2009. Nov. 2010. < http://www.filmreference.com/encyclopedia/ Academy-Awards-Crime-Films/Camera-DEVELOPMENT-OF-THE-MOTIONPICTURE-CAMERA.html>.
Ebert, Roger. “That’s Not the IMAX I Grew Up With.” Weblog post. Roger Ebert’s Journal. 27 May 2009. Suntimes.com. Web. 17 Nov. 2010.
Frost, Laura. “Huxley’s Feelies: The Cinema of Sensation in Brave New World.” Twentieth Century Literature 52.4 (2006): 443 - 473. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 17 Nov. 2010.Greenslade, Jr., Thomas B. Instruments for Natural Philosophy. Kenyon College. Nov. 2010. < http://physics.kenyon.edu/EarlyApparatus/>.
Gubbin, Ed. “Cinemas Warm to Digital Distribution.” Telephony. 248.7 (2007): 19. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.
Heller, Stven. “For Openers.” Print 59.1 (2005): 72-79. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.
Heller, Steven. “Meet the New Bass, Same as Old Bass.” Print 59.2 (2005): 22. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.
Heller, Steven. “Saul Bass 1920-1996.” Print 50.4 (1996): 110. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 4 Sept. 2010.
Juddery, Mark. “Breaking the Sound Barrier.” History Today 60.3 (2010): 36-43. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.
Moses, Laura. “Sound Design.” EventDV 23.1 (2010): 37. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 17 Nov. 2010.
Naughton, Russell. Adventures in Cybersound. 1995-2003. RMIT University. Nov. 2010. < http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/>.
Nickelodeon. Dir. Peter Bogdanovich. Perf. Ryan O’Neal, Burt Reynolds, Tatum O’Neal, Brian Keith, and Stella Stevens. Columbia pictures, 1976.
Roundhay Garden Scene. Dir. Louis Le Prince. 1888.
Singin’ in the Rain. Dir. Gene Kelly and Stanley Donen. Perf. Gene Kelly, Donald O’Connor, Debbie Reynolds, Jean Hagen, and Millard Mitchell. MGM, 1952.
Skylar, Robert. A World History of Film. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 2002.
Stanitzek, Georg. “Reading the Title Sequence (Vorspann, Générique).” Cinema Journal 48.4 (2009): 44-58. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.
Sterritt, David. “Chronicles of the Silver Screen.” Christian Science Monitor 04 Dec. 1995: 9. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.
The Illusionist. Dir. Neil Burger. Perf. Edward Norton, Paul Giamatti, Jessica Biel, Rufus Sewell, and Eddi Marsan. 20th Century Fox, 2006.
The Jazz Singer. Dir. Alan Crosland. Perf. Al Jolson, May McAvoy, Warner Oland, Eugénie Besserer, and William Demarest. Warner Bros, 1927.
The Thomas Crown Affair. Dir. Norman Jewison. Perf. Steve McQueen, Faye Dunaway, Paul Burke, Jack Weston, and Yaphet Kotto. United Artists, 1968.
“The Oldest Magic Lantern in the World.” de Luikerwaal. 1999-2005. Nov. 2010. < http://www.luikerwaal.com/newframe_uk.htm?/ wonder1_uk.htm>.
Wade, Nicholas J. “Philospophical Instruments and Toys: Optical Devices Extending the Art of Seeing.” Journal of the History of Neurosciences 13.1 (2004): 102-124. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.
Wasson, Haidee. “Electric Homes! Automatoc Movies! Efficient Entertainment!: 16 mm and Cinema’s Domestication in the 1920’s.” Cinema Journal 48.4 (2009): 1-21. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.
The End
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