MOTION GRAPHICSby Sam Watson

Overview

“The Origin of Intent” - Prehistory and Antiquity“The Birth of Cinema” - The “Magic Lantern” to Latham Loop

“And then there was sound!” - “Talkies”“But what about us?” - Saul Bass and Pablo Ferro

The End - Q & A and article discussion

“The Origin of Intent”

Prehistory and Antiquity

http://imagecache6.allposters.com/lrg/29/2923/IU5RD00Z.jpg

http://precinemahistory.net/900.htm

Before 10000 B.C.3000-2000 B.C.

121 B.C.

(Ceram 27)

“The Birth of Cinema”

The “Magic Lantern”

http://www.equisetites.de/kircher/kircher.gif

The Inventor

Name: Father Athanasius Kircherb.1602 - d.1680Occupation: Jesuit PriestNationality: GermanOther: Author of Ars MagnaLucis et Umbrae (1646)

http://www.luikerwaal.com/newframe_uk.htm?/wonder1_uk.htm

Oldest existing Magic LanternMade in 1720 by Dutch instrument maker Jan van Musschenbroek

EidophusikonThe Inventor

Name: Philippe Jacques de Loutherbourgb.1740 - d.1812Occupation: ArtistNationality: English (orignally French)Other: Paintings of naval battles

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Philippe_Jacques_de_Loutherbourg_by_Philippe_Jacques_de_Loutherbourg.jpg

http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/eidophusikon.gif

FantasmagoriaThe Inventor

Name: E.G. Robertsonb.1764 - d.1837Occupation: ShowmanNationality: BelgianOther: Patented Fantoscope.

http://www.museecinemaphoto.com/projection/Robertson.jpg

http://www.sharonlathan.net/storage/peppers%20ghost.bmp

PanoramaThe Inventor

Name: Robert Barkerb.1739 - d.1806Occupation: PainterNationality: English

http://www.panoramaonview.org/Robert_Barker_portrait.jpg http://en.citizendium.org/images/thumb/9/95/Moving_panorama.jpg/600px-Moving_panorama.jpg

DioramaThe Inventor

Name: Louis Jacques Mande Daguerreb.1787 - d.1851Occupation: ArtistNationality: FrenchOther: Invents Daguerreotype.

http://sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc4/hs246.snc4/39616_426354286796_524836796_4526182_3860959_n.jpg

http://www.midley.co.uk/diorama/Diorama_Wood_1_3_files/diorama_wood_fig_03_s.gif

Phenakistoscope

http://sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc4/hs246.snc4/39616_426354286796_524836796_4526182_3860959_n.jpg

Name: Joseph AntoineFerdinand Plateau b.1801 - d.1883Occupation: PhysicistNationality: BelgianOther: Law of Stroboscopic Effect (1836)

http://billdouglas.ex.ac.uk/eve/object_images/69236-2.jpg

The Inventor

“Lantern Wheel of Light”

http://sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc4/hs246.snc4/39616_426354286796_524836796_4526182_3860959_n.jpg

Name: Baron Franz von Uchatius b.1811 - d.1881Occupation: Professional SoldierNationality: Austrian

http://www.precinemahistory.net/images/uchatius_machine_1853.gif

The Inventor

Kinematoscope

Name: Coleman Sellers b.1827 - d.1907Occupation: EngineerNationality: American

The Inventor

http://www.todayinsci.com/Events/Patent/Kinematoscop-e31357Thm.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d6/Coleman_Sell-ers_II.gif

Phasmatrope

http://www.precinemahistory.net/images/rudge_phantascope.jpg

Name: Henry Reno Heyl b.18?? - d.????Occupation: InventorNationality: AmericanOther: Invented stapler.

?

The Inventor

Stop-Action Series PhotographyThe Inventor

Name: Eadweard James Muybridgeb.1830 - d.1904Occupation: PhotographerNationality: EnglishOther: Zoopraxiscope, Zoogryo-scope

http://americanhistory.si.edu/muybridge/img/jpgs/i_1_03.jpg

http://www.joyfulexpressions-photography-art.com/images/Muybridgehorse-in-motionChart2.jpg

Praxinscope

http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10302565&wwwflag=2&imagepos=42

Name: Charles-Emile Reynaud b.1844 - d.1918Occupation: Science TeacherNationality: FrenchOther: Théâtre Optique, first animated film

The Inventor

http://www.victorian-cinema.net/praxinoscope.jpg

ZoopraxiscopeThe Inventor

Name: Eadweard James Muybridgeb.1830 - d.1904Occupation: PhotographerNationality: EnglishOther: Stop-Action Series Photography, Zoogryoscope

http://americanhistory.si.edu/muybridge/img/jpgs/i_1_03.jpg http://screenheritage.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/zoopraxiscope1.jpg

“Gun Camera”

http://26.media.tumblr.com/iNIi9iwtqluvzkxd8sTnb5puo1_500.jpg

The Inventor

Name: Étienne-Jules Mareyb.1830 - d.1904Occupation: ScientistNationality: FrenchOther: Chronophotography

http://www.stephenherbert.co.uk/mPhiladExhib.gif

TachyscopeThe Inventor

Name: Ottomar Anschützb.1846 - d.1907Occupation: PhotographerNationality: GermanOther: Goerz/Anschütz Camera, Electrotachyscope

http://www.lilienthal-museum.de/olma/documents/ansch.jpg

http://www.victorian-cinema.net/tachyscope.jpg

ElectrotachyscopeThe Inventor

Name: Ottomar Anschützb.1846 - d.1907Occupation: PhotographerNationality: GermanOther: Goerz/Anschütz Camera, Tachyscope

http://www.lilienthal-museum.de/olma/documents/ansch.jpg

http://www.victorian-cinema.net/electricalschnellseher.jpg

Théâtre Optique

http://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10302565&wwwflag=2&imagepos=42

Name: Charles-Emile Reynaud b.1844 - d.1918Occupation: Science TeacherNationality: FrenchOther: Praxinscope, first animat-ed film

The Inventor

http://www.victorian-cinema.net/theatreoptique.jpg

LPCC 16-lens Camera

http://www.victorian-cinema.net/theatreoptique.jpg

The Inventor

Name: Louis Aimé Augustin Le Prince b.1841 - d.1890Occupation: Chemist, EngineerNationality: FrenchOther: Earliest extant film strip

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_37ImAbEFvLU/SBXrHhxe0WI/AAAAAAAAANQ/0uWJUzzFOwk/s320/LePrince.jpg

Kinetograph & KinetoscopeThe Inventor

Name: William Kennedy Laurie Dickson b.1860 - d.1935Occupation: InventorNationality: BritishOther: First film director.

http://education.eastmanhouse .org/discover/kits/images/7/EDDK70000026.jpghttp://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10302565&w

wwflag=2&imagepos=42

MutoscopeThe Inventor

http://www.tvdays.com/images/moustaches_big.jpg

Name: Herman Casler b.1867 - d.1939Occupation: InventorNationality: American

http://www.victorian-cinema.net/mutoscope.jpg

“The Black Maria”The Inventor

http://www.electronicsandyou.com/electronics-history/Thomas%20Alva%20Edison.jpg

Name: Thomas Alva Edison b.1847 - d.1931Occupation: InventorNationality: AmericanOther: Phonograph, lightbulb...

http://www.electronicsandyou.com/electronics-history/Thomas%20Alva%20Edison.jpg

PhantoscopeThe Inventor

http://www.arqhys.com/construcciones/imagenes/Charles%20Francis%20Jenkins.jpg

Name: Charles Francis Jenkins b.1867 - d.1934Occupation: InventorNationality: AmericanOther: Television

http://americanhistory.si.edu/cinema/ph047.gif

CinematographeThe Inventors

http://sechtl-vosecek.ucw.cz/en/images/autochromy/big/lumieri-naceduli.jpg

Name: Louis Lumière b.1864 - d.1948Occupation: FilmmakerNationality: French

Name: Auguste Lumière b.1862 - d.1954Occupation: FilmmakerNationality: French

http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=phantascope&go=&form=QBIR&qs=n&sk=&sc=1-11#focal=1dd72be832080698e2ee4a92a256197d&furl=http%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fcinema%2Fph046.gif

Latham Loop

http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/LATHAM_LOOP.GIF

The Inventor

http://www.victorian-cinema.net/woodville.jpg

Name: Woodville Latham b.1837 - d.1911Occupation: Chemistry ProfessorNationality: American

“And then there was sound!”

“Talkies”The First

http://themave.com/bijou/20/ads/ad-jazzsinger.jpg

The Jazz Singer 1927Warner Bros.

Singin’ in the Rain1952MGM

Some Background

http://www.impawards.com/1952/posters/singin_in_the_rain.jpg

“But what about us?”

Saul Bass

http://www.filmreference.com/images/sjff_04_img1434.jpg

The Graphic Designer

b.1920 - d.1996Nationality: American

Example

http://www.impawards.com/1959/posters/anatomy_of_a_mur-der_ver2.jpg

Pablo Ferro

http://www.filmreference.com/images/sjff_04_img1434.jpg

The Graphic Designer

b.1935Nationality: Cuban-American

Example

http://www.movieposter.com/posters/archive/main/31/b70-

Works CitedAlvarez, Max. “The Origins of the Film Exchange.” Film History 17.4 (2005): 431-465. Communication and Mass Media Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.

Anatomy of a Murder. Dir. Otto Preminger. Perf. James Stewart, Lee Remick, Ben Gazzara, Arthur O’Connell, and George C. Scott. Columbia Pictures, 1959.

Boss, Shira J. “Movie Titles - More Than Just Setting Type, It’s an Art Form.” Christian Science Monitor. 07 July 2000: 19. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 4 Sept. 2010.

Burns, Paul. The History of the Discovery of Cinematography. 1997-2010. Oct.-Nov. 2010. < http://precinemahistory.net/>.

Ceram, C.W. Archaeology of the Cinema. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., 1965.

Cook, David A. A History of Narrative Fim. 4th ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2004.

Corliss, Richard. “Lights, Camera...Edison! (Cover story).” Time 176.1 (2010): 50-54. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.

“Development of the Motion Picure Camera.” Film Reference. 2007-2009. Nov. 2010. < http://www.filmreference.com/encyclopedia/ Academy-Awards-Crime-Films/Camera-DEVELOPMENT-OF-THE-MOTIONPICTURE-CAMERA.html>.

Ebert, Roger. “That’s Not the IMAX I Grew Up With.” Weblog post. Roger Ebert’s Journal. 27 May 2009. Suntimes.com. Web. 17 Nov. 2010.

Frost, Laura. “Huxley’s Feelies: The Cinema of Sensation in Brave New World.” Twentieth Century Literature 52.4 (2006): 443 - 473. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 17 Nov. 2010.Greenslade, Jr., Thomas B. Instruments for Natural Philosophy. Kenyon College. Nov. 2010. < http://physics.kenyon.edu/EarlyApparatus/>.

Gubbin, Ed. “Cinemas Warm to Digital Distribution.” Telephony. 248.7 (2007): 19. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.

Heller, Stven. “For Openers.” Print 59.1 (2005): 72-79. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.

Heller, Steven. “Meet the New Bass, Same as Old Bass.” Print 59.2 (2005): 22. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.

Heller, Steven. “Saul Bass 1920-1996.” Print 50.4 (1996): 110. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 4 Sept. 2010.

Juddery, Mark. “Breaking the Sound Barrier.” History Today 60.3 (2010): 36-43. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.

Moses, Laura. “Sound Design.” EventDV 23.1 (2010): 37. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 17 Nov. 2010.

Naughton, Russell. Adventures in Cybersound. 1995-2003. RMIT University. Nov. 2010. < http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/>.

Nickelodeon. Dir. Peter Bogdanovich. Perf. Ryan O’Neal, Burt Reynolds, Tatum O’Neal, Brian Keith, and Stella Stevens. Columbia pictures, 1976.

Roundhay Garden Scene. Dir. Louis Le Prince. 1888.

Singin’ in the Rain. Dir. Gene Kelly and Stanley Donen. Perf. Gene Kelly, Donald O’Connor, Debbie Reynolds, Jean Hagen, and Millard Mitchell. MGM, 1952.

Skylar, Robert. A World History of Film. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 2002.

Stanitzek, Georg. “Reading the Title Sequence (Vorspann, Générique).” Cinema Journal 48.4 (2009): 44-58. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.

Sterritt, David. “Chronicles of the Silver Screen.” Christian Science Monitor 04 Dec. 1995: 9. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.

The Illusionist. Dir. Neil Burger. Perf. Edward Norton, Paul Giamatti, Jessica Biel, Rufus Sewell, and Eddi Marsan. 20th Century Fox, 2006.

The Jazz Singer. Dir. Alan Crosland. Perf. Al Jolson, May McAvoy, Warner Oland, Eugénie Besserer, and William Demarest. Warner Bros, 1927.

The Thomas Crown Affair. Dir. Norman Jewison. Perf. Steve McQueen, Faye Dunaway, Paul Burke, Jack Weston, and Yaphet Kotto. United Artists, 1968.

“The Oldest Magic Lantern in the World.” de Luikerwaal. 1999-2005. Nov. 2010. < http://www.luikerwaal.com/newframe_uk.htm?/ wonder1_uk.htm>.

Wade, Nicholas J. “Philospophical Instruments and Toys: Optical Devices Extending the Art of Seeing.” Journal of the History of Neurosciences 13.1 (2004): 102-124. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.

Wasson, Haidee. “Electric Homes! Automatoc Movies! Efficient Entertainment!: 16 mm and Cinema’s Domestication in the 1920’s.” Cinema Journal 48.4 (2009): 1-21. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.

The End