closing of the frontier and industrialization chapter 3
TRANSCRIPT
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Closing of the Frontier and Industrialization
Chapter 3
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I. Post-Civil War Reservation Policy
1. Help reform Indians2. Assimilate3. “Reservations”easier to reform4. Indians had no say5. Not citizens
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Dawes Severalty Act, 1887
"We must throw some protection" [over the Indian]. "We must hold up his hand." — Senator Henry L. Dawes, 1887.
"...the real aim of [the Act] is to get at the Indians land and open it up for resettlement." — Senator Henry M. Teller, 1891.
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Dawes Severalty Act-1887
6. Dawes Severalty Act-1887a. 168 parcelsb. Given to individual familiesc.If acceptedcitizens in 25 yrs.
7. Effects:a. Loss tribal landsb. Gov. dependencyc. Disrupted Culture
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II. Resistance
1. Sioux Wars 18762. June 1876—”Custer’s Last Stand”3. Sioux won-->revenge4. Ghost Dance 5. Land; Buffalo; NO WHITE MEN!!6. Wounded Knee
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III. Western Society
1. More men than women2. Strike it rich; autonomy3. Isolated, unprotected
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IV. Railroads
1. May 10, 1869-Trans. RR2. Stimulated:
1. Steel2. Iron3. Lumber
3. 4 Time Zones
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Railroads (cont’d)
4. 1854-Chinese came during the Gold Rush5. 7,000RR6. Chinese Exclusion Act 1882-Prohibited Chinese immigration.7. Gov. funded: aid and land grants
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Railroads (cont’d)
8. Cornelius Vanderbuilt9. RR monopoly
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V. Great Plains Farming
1. Ag. big business!2. Mechanization3. Hatch Act 1887
1. Ag. experiment Stations in every state2. Science/Tech.
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Farming (cont’d)
4. Difficult to Adapt:1. Sod Houses (Sodbusters)2. Little water3. Insects4. Weather5. Monotony
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Farming (cont’d)
5. Homestead Act, 1868 1. Work the land for 5 yrs.2. Given the title, 160 acres3. Encourage settlement
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VI. Cattle Boom
1. Cash Crop of W/SW2. CowboysLong DrivesTexas up to Cheyenne, WY(Long Drives)3. Barbed Wire4. Overgrazing; badweather
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VII. Industrialization
1. Industrialization 2. Urbanization3. Immigration
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VIII. Technology
1. Edison2. Ford
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Technology (cont’d)
3. Other inventions1. Refrigeration
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IX. Labor
1. Work like robots.2. Employers take control3. Women and kids4. Unsafe5. No benefits6. UNIONS
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X. Corporate Giants
1. Supreme Court defends corporations as “citizens”!!2. John D. Rockefeller 3. Horizontal Integration—One aspect of production4. Monopoly
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Corporate Giants (cont’d)
5. Andrew Carnegie6. Vertical Integration—all aspects of an industry7. U.S. Steel Corp.8. JP Morgan9. Financed such corporations
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XI. Urbanization
1. 1880—U.S. Urban2. Many moved to citybetter life opportunity3. Natural resources+RR+Industrialization=Urban growth4. Suburbsfor the wealthy5. Indoor plumbing, street lights, sewers, etc.
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Urbanization (cont’d)
6. Inner cities= slums
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7. Dumbbell Tenements8. Cheap brick 9. 4-6 stories10. Very small11. No water, no bathrooms12. Bathrooms in basement for whole building!!