cosmetology 4

8/21/2019 Cosmetology 4

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Combs and Brushes: Wide-toothed Combs are designed to detangle and smooth

out towel- dried hair

Smaller-toothed Combs are used for smoothing and finishingshort or straight hairstyles.

Vented Brush has multiple rows of tines (widely-set) along abase with air holes or openings to allow air to circulateeasily.

Round or Curved Brushes have rows of tines on a round orcurved base and are designed for use in blow-dry styling toadd soft curve the styles.

Paddle Brushes have rows of tines on a flat base and areused in blow-dry straightened styles to keep the hairsmooth and flat.

Bristled Brushes can have natural or synthetic bristles andare used for finishing and smoothing a style, or fordistributing natural hair oils and massaging the scalp tomaintain hair and scalp health.


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Blow Dryer: Hand-held hair dryers have become

a staple in hair care. These tools are designed

to use directed streams of heated

air to dry the hair quickly.

Curling Irons/Flat Irons: imilar to hot rollers,

curling irons and flat irons use heat (and in

the case of curling irons, occasionally a

moisture) to change the curl pattern of the hair.


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Histology of the hair! the science of the minute structure of the

hair Hair analysis: the process of recogni"ing and distinguishing the

various types and qualities of hair.

Hair care: overall term for parts of hygiene and cosmetologyinvolving the hair on the human head.

Hair styling: the hairstyle, hair do or haircut of the head hair. Hair cutting! the process of thinning, tapering, and shortening

the hair, using comb, scissors, thinning shears or ra"or, to moldthe hair into a becoming shape.

Hair tainting and bleaching: the science and art of changing thecolor of the hair.

# Hair tinting! involves the addition of an artificial color to thenatural pigment in the hair

# Hair bleaching! partial or total removal of the natural pigmentfrom the hair.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hygienehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hygiene


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ectioning involves dividing the hair intomanageable and controllable areas. $ basicsectioning pattern would be to part the headfrom the centre of the forehead to thecentre of the nape, and across the head fromear to ear. The sectioning pattern you woulduse to section the head further woulddepend upon the type of haircut you werecutting.


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%artings are divisions ofthe larger sections ofhair into smaller moremanageable areas thatenable you to workprogressively andmethodically. They areusually produced with

a comb and generallyrun parallel to thedesign line.


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For a quick trickto memorize:

!"# $! #C% #&' $! #&'


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The scalp is divided intoseven sections! top,right side, left side,right crown, left crown,

right nape and leftnape. &n addition a one-half inch band of hair isleft to hang loosearound the perimeter of

the hair line. $bove aresome photos which showe'actly what isintended.


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Haircutting Tools Haircutting shears Thinning shears traight ra"or or ra"or shaper

lippers dgers tyling or cutting comb *arber comb

+ide-tooth comb ectioning clips aw clips uckbill clips


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ive most control and best results.

$void muscle strain in hands, arms, neck and

back.


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/pen dominant hand and place ring finger infinger grip of still of still blade and littlefinger ion finger brace (tang).

%lace thumb in finger grip of moving blade %ractice opening and closing.


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(alming the shears(a) 0emove thumb from finger grip leavingring and little fingers in the grip andfinger rest.

(b) url fingers into 1palm2 the shears tokeep them closing while you comb or

part hair.c) +hile palming shears, hold comb

between thumb, inde', and middlefingers.

$ransferring the comb)

(a) /nce fingers are in place at the correctcutting position, transfer the comb byplacing it between the thumb and inde'finger of your holding hand.


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3ethod $(a) /pen ra"or so that handle is higher than the shank. %lace

thumb on thumb grip and the inde', middle and ring fingerson the shank.

(b) %lace little finger in the tang, underneath the handle.

(c) +hen cutting, position ra"or on top of the subsection (thepart facing you), for ma'imum control.


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The purpose of the treatment is to preserve thehealth and beauty of the hair and scalp, toovercome and combat disorders of the scalp, suchas dandruff and the loss of hair, and to stimulatethe blood stream.

calp manipulations increase the circulation ofthe blood to the scalp, rest and soothe thenerves, stimulate the muscles and the activity ofthe scalp glands

The treatment of the hair and scalp includesregular shampoo and scalp massage services aswell as special treatments for hair and scalpconditions.


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"ham*oo ser+ice! includes shampoo

procedure, scalp massage, and conditioning.0ela'ing service for the client.

%rovides hygienic4circulatory benefits to theclient.

%repares the hair for haircutting and otherservices.


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"ham*oo "er+ice includes

0equires proper draping4positioning of client,scalp manipulations, and proper positioning ofthe barber.

3ethods of shampooing and rinsing0eclined method! chair is reclined, with client5s

head positioned in neck-rest of the shampoo bowl.

&nclined method! client bends his head forwardover the shampoo bowl or sink


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"ham*oos

%urpose of a shampoo product4service is tocleanse the scalp and hair. hampoo products

should be selected according to the condition ofthe client5s hair and scalp.

hampoos do not contain harsh alkalis.

6sually leave the hair in a more manageable

condition. 0equirements of a good shampoo product

&t should cleanse the hair of oils, debris, and dirt.

&t should work efficiently in hard, as well as soft,

water. &t should not irritate the eyes or skin.

&t should leave the hair and scalp in their naturalconditions.


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Conditioners:

0efers to either hairconditioners or scalp conditioners.

Hair conditioners! moisturi"e the hair7 helpto restore natural oils4proteins7 pH of 8.9to :.:.

a. Temporary remedies for dry4damaged hair.b. 'cessive use or wrong type can cause

product buildup7 can make hair heavy4oily.

calp conditioners! for general

maintenance4to treat conditions requiringa medicinal product.


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Basic ty*es of conditioners: instant, treatment

or re*air, and lea+e-in)

;. &nstant! applied following a shampoo7rinsed after one to five minutes.

a.


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=. Treatment or repair

a. 3oisturi"ing! uses humectants to draw4lock inmoisture7 rinsed after ;9 to =9 minutes.

b. %rotein! cream or liquid form7 partiallyreplaces lost keratin in corte' to strengthen hair.

c. eep-conditioning treatment! protein in cream

moisturi"er7 strengthens4moisturi"es.

d. ynthetic polymer! used on badly damagedhair7 may prevent further breakage4correcte'cessive porosity.

8.


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"cal* conditioners: a+ailable for different*ur*oses)

;. ream-based! moisturi"ers4emollientssoften and4or improve health of the scalp.

=. 3edicated! promote healing of the scalp.

8. $stringent tonics! help remove oilaccumulation on the scalp.


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&**lication of sham*oo 0inse through hair with warm water7 dispense product

into hand7 disperse over palms to facilitate spreadingthroughout client5s hair.

pread sections of the hair apart with thethumbs4fingers7 apply shampoo directly onto scalp.

3assage shampoo into the scalp and hair7 add warmwater gradually to work up lather.

$void getting shampoo lather on client5s face.

%erform scalp manipulations with the cushion tips ofthe fingers.

0epeat manipulations several times.


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0emove e'cess lather and rinse thoroughly with astrong spray.

hampoo massage manipulations.

tand behind or to the side of the client at the shampoobowl, as the style of sink allows.

+et the hair, protecting the client5s face, ears, andneck.


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"cal* $reatments The purpose of scalp treatment is to

preserve the health and appearance of thehair and scalp.

Treatments help prevent4combat scalpdisorders (dandruff, dryness, oiliness, orhair loss).

leanliness and stimulation are essentialrequirements for healthy hair4scalp.

$ healthy scalp will help to maintain ahealthy head of hair.


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Treatments may be givenseparately4combined with hair treatments,depending on client5s need.

;. leansing with a suitable shampoo.

=. 3assaging with the hands or electrical

appliance.8. 6se of electrical appliances (electric

steamer, infrared lamp, ultraviolet lamp,high-frequency current, or dermal, lamp).


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>. $pplication of preparations (hair tonics,astringents, antiseptics, or ointments).

:. aution! o not suggest a scalp treatmentif abrasions or lesions are present7 adviceclients with serious or contagious scalpdisorders to consult a physician, barbersshould not treat scalp diseases caused byparasitic or staphylococcus infections, clientswith abnormal scalp conditions should bereferred to a physician and never use a scalp-or hair-treatment product that contains

alcohol before applying high frequencycurrent. uch products can only be safelyapplied after the high-frequency treatment.


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0ela'ing movement

liding movement

liding and rotating

movement ?orehead movement

3oving the scalp

Hairline movement

?ront scalpmovement

*ack scalp

movement ar to ear

movement

pine movement

houlder movement

*ack movement


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*rush the hair

$pply scalp pomade4cream

ive regular scalp manipulations

$pply infra red lamp for five minutes hampoo the hair

ry the hair

?inish by dressing the hair as desired


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Im*ortance of &cidity or &lkalinity of (roductsIm*ortant to the Barber

The pH level influences how that product will

affect layers of the hair and skin

Hot !il $reatment


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ommercial hot oil treatment

The following are the tools, cosmetics

supplies and materials in giving hot oiltreatment./il is greasy liquid used as lubricant.

ape is used to protect the patron5s clothes.

omb is used to separate the hair andremove tangles.

Hairbrush is used to loosen dandruff andremove dirt.


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*owl enamel is used for healing the oil.

%lastic cap is used to cover the head afterapplying hot oil in order to produce heat

during scalp treatment.Towel is a material used for drying the hair.

otton swab is used to apply heated oil onthe hair and scalp.

*igger bowl is used to contain hot water tobear the coconut oil.

Heating cap is an electrical device worn on

the head to provide heat for properdistribution of oil during scalp treatment.


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(rocedure in &dministering Hot !il$reatment

%repare the needed tools, cosmetics, andsupplies.

rape the patron.

$naly"e the patron5s hair and scalp.

omb and brush the hair free it fromtangles and remove dirt and loosedandruff.


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ection the hair into four or five portions7

%art the hair at the center from thefacial hairline to crown for at least 82.

omb the hair downward to the back ofthe right ear.

o the same step to the back of the left

ear.Hold the hair with the do-all clip.

%art the back area into two and securethe hair with the do-all clip.


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$pply heated oil, section by section, fromthe scalp to the hair ends.

ive scalp manipulations.

$pply the heating cap for ;9 to ;:minutes.

hampoo the hair.

0inse the hair thoroughly. Towel dry the hair.

ress the hair.


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Dra*inglient comfort and protection mustalways be considered duringbarbering services.

rapes! protective covering used inbarbering services to protectclient5s clothing and skin.


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+aterproof! also known as shampoocapes7 made of plastic4waterproofmaterials7 protects client5s

skin4clothing from water4other liquidsduring shampooing4chemical processes.

Haircutting! also known as chair cloths7

made of nylon, cotton, or syntheticmaterials7 does not hold as much heatas plastic capes, more comfortable forclient7 sheds wet4dry hair better than

plastic drapes.


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Dra*ing for a sham*oo ser+ice


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raping for a haircut4facial hair design


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Hair "etting: is an art of creating curls orweaving.

Im*lements and .aterials in Hair "etting

%in curl clip is used to keep the curl in place.

Tail comb is used in separating hair strands

and removing tangles. etting lotion is a cosmetic used in setting the

hair, making it easy to manage and responsiveto setting techniques.

0ollers are cylindrical obAects on which hair iswound to produce curls or waves.

els are semisolids used in most styling.


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0oller clips are used the rollers in place.

Triangular hairnet is used over the headafter hair setting to keep the rollers inplace while drying.

Hair blower is an apparatus used for dryingthe hair.

Hair sprayers are containers for spraynet. nd papers are porous papers used for

easier hair winding especially when hair isof various length.

ar pads protect the ears while drying thehair.

cosmetology 4

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