geological mapping and mineral exploration

HYVISTA CORPORATION

AIRBORNE HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING

GEOLOGICAL MAPPING and

MINERAL EXPLORATION

Why use HyVista for your next airborne remote sensing survey? With over a decade of experience and the bene-fits of continual product development, HyVista uses the HyMap sensor to provide the worlds best hyperspectral imagery. We are committed to delivering the maximum outcome for our clients.

HyVista Delivers Every Time

SUPERIOR SENSORS :: SUPERIOR SERVICE :: SUPERIOR PRODUCTS This is not our mission statement; this is our promise

HyVista Corporation Pty Ltd The company specialises in the supply of airborne hyper-spectral remote sensing imagery and information products for a wide range of applications including geological mapping, mineral exploration, environmental monitoring, agriculture and land use planning. The company also provides imagery to support R&D projects in areas of future satellite simulation, defence surveillance, soil degradation and vegetation species mapping. Hyperspectral remote sensing (or spectral imaging)provides a significant advantage over the more traditional multi-spectral imaging by leveraging the power of spectroscopy to make more detailed discrimination and identification of the earths surface materials and to be able, in many cases, to reveal details of the materials physical and chemical state. For more than a decade, the company has been delivering survey products of the highest quality to its clients and continues to maintain a high level of product development, from equipment performance through to the most effective image processing outcomes. The companys mission is to provide our clients with a world best survey service and product delivery on a worldwide basis.

Application in Geological Mapping and Mineral Exploration

Mineral Spectral Signatures: Effect of Spectral Resolution

Spectra recorded by the HyMap scanners show the same diagnostic informa-

tion as those measured in the laboratory by the USGS. In comparison ASTER

spectra are under-sampled and critical diagnostic information can be lost.

Mineral Spectral Signatures: Seamless Maps

The seamless mineral map (above) was produced from 27 strips of HyMap

imagery acquired in Namibia during 2005. The image is a grayscale background

overlain with the distribution of the 9 minerals derived from the HyMap data

at a spatial resolution of 5m.

High resolution spectral sensing (hyperspectral) is an advanced remote sensing technique that maps the

distribution of surface materials through their spectral signatures. This technology can be applied to

applications in mineral exploration, geological mapping and environmental monitoring.

The successful application of this technique depends on having sensors with high signal to noise ratio

and sufficient spatial and spectral resolution. HyVista Corporation utilises the HyMap airborne

hyperspectral sensor which delivers world best performance.

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MtWhalebackisanironoremineintheOpthalmiaRange

andisprobablytherichestdepositinthegreatHamersley

IronProvincewhichstartsatthecoastnorthofOnslow

andrunsESEformorethan500km.

Theprovincecontainsvastquantitiesofironbearing

material,anestimated24,000milliontonnesat55%iron.

TheMtNewmandepositsareinamineralleasecovering

nearly800squarekm.

MtWhalebackistheprimeorebody(5.5kmlongand

225mhigh)andliesintheNewmanareaoftheleaseat

theeasternedgeoftheOpthalmiaRangeandisassayedat

68.8%ironcontent(withapossiblemaximumof70%

pureiron).

AHyMapdemonstrationtestsurveywasflownonthe

25thOctober2007.

MAPPINGHEMATITE,GEOTHITEANDSURROUNDINGLITHOLOGIESFROMHYMAP

HYPERSPECTRALIMAGERYINTHEMOUNTWHALEBACKIRONOREMININGAREA

LOCATION DIAGRAM

Mt Whaleback

Western Australia

IRONOREMINERALMAPPINGairbornehyperspectralremotesensing

[email protected]>85%probabilityofoccurrence

>85% >99%

LeftTop:

HematiteandgoethitespectraextractedfromtheJPLspectrallibrary

(overtherange0.7to1.0micronsVNIRregion)thathavebeen

convolvedtothewavelengthchannelsoftheHyMapscannerusedforthis

survey.Noteshiftinpeakat~0.7micronsandtroughat>0.8micronsto

longerwavelengthsingoethitecomparedtohematite.

[email protected]>85%probabilityofoccurrence

MOREINFORMATIONFormoreinformationonHyMapsurveysformineralexplorationorenvironmentalassessmentpleasecontact:

HyVistaCorporationPtyLtdphone:+61288500262email:[email protected]

LeftBottom:

Hematiteandgoethitespectraobtainedfromthesurveydata.

Afterflightstripdatahasbeenconvertedtoreflectance,BRDF

correctedandmosaicked,processinghasbeenappliedtomapthe

distributionofhematite,goethiteandbackgroundmineralsincluding

kaolinite,muscoviteandchlorite.

Thereareseveralwaysinwhichthemineralmappingdatacanbe

presentedasshownintheimagesbelow.

MineralMapClassification

Kimberlite Mineralogy and Weathering Products

MINERAL MAPPING IN KIMBERLITE EXPLORATION

Hyperspectral surveys, can be used in diamond exploration to

locate kimberlites that are exposed or weathered in areas of

residual soil.

Transported overburden, masking rock formations and vegetation

cover exceeding 70% preclude surveys. Surveys need to be

conducted during the dry season. Presence of other ultramafic

rocks and amphibolites produce similar spectral targets but

analysis by experienced spectral geologists and advanced data

processing reduces the number of non-kimberlite anomalies.

DIAMOND EXPLORATION

The original HyMap scanner was commissioned by De Beers for kimberlite

discovery. Over 25 kimberlites (both pipes and dykes) were discovered

between 1997 and 2005, at a relatively low cost compared to other

methodologies. Most exceeded 1 hectare and required minimal follow-up

for confirmation. In suitable areas, hyperspectral surveys are a cost-

effective kimberlite exploration technique, comparable in price to high-

resolution aeromagnetic surveys but with significantly lower follow-up

costs. The ratio of targets to kimberlite discovery is similar to that of

aeromagnetic surveys and is dependent on the geological conditions

within the survey area.

Left: True colour

composite of Pine

Creek kimberlite field

in South Australia.

Yellow boundaries are

confirmed kimberlites;

green boundaries are

probable kimberlites

and the blue boundary

is a buried kimberlite.

Right: Index image

created from spec-

trally classified images

(far left, 4 & 5). Blue

overlay maps distribu-

tion of Mg-Carbonate

and red overlay

occurrence of

Mg-Smectite. Not all

of the red anomalies

have been field

checked.

Wavelength nm

1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500

Pine Creek, South Australia

Data Processing

The Mg rich unweathered minerals in kimberlinte (above) progressively alter during weathering

into minerals that have distinct spectral signatures (red boxes) which can be detected in hyper-

spectral data. Those highlighted in dashed boxes are not typically observed in residual regolith

derived from kimberlite, though they may be apparent in outcropping kimberlite. The spectral

signature of these minerals, apart from hematite and silica, are characterised by a strong ab-

sorption minima at ~2300nm and ~2390nm (right). Though not unique to kimberlite detection,

anomalous occurrences of these minerals can lead to the discovery of kimberlite, particularly

when combined with other exploration data in GIS analysis. Neither hematite nor silica can be

used effectively to locate kimberlite.

To detect mineral anomalies indicative of kimberlite, the hyperspectral image (1 below) is proc-

essed so that new bands are derived showing the distribution of spectrally distinct materials (2

& 3). The band (4) that maps the target spectrum (2) is then selected and further processed to

highlight anomalous occurrences of the target being sought. The spectra of the anomalous

regions of interest are then checked and those requiring follow-up selected.

airborne hyperspectral remote sensing

Above Right: Natural Colour HyMap Image

Above Left: RGB Talc-Saponite, Nontronite and Serpentine supervised spectral classification image mineral map

(same area as CC). Kimberlite is bright feature in centre, >6 hectares.

Index image showing distribution of Mg-OH minerals, carbonates and kaolinite in

red, green and blue. The kimberlite dyke crosses the centre of the image and is

highlighted in red due to its high Mg-OH mineral content. Other red areas indicate

amphibolite and greenstones.

Results from kimberlite

mapping in the survey sub

area. Known and discovered

kimberlites shown in red; those

located from hyperspectral

imagery shown with circles.

Right:

Simplified geological map of

HyMap survey area in West

Greenland.

Survey area indicated by

black frame, the red frame

outlines map area to the

right.

Pixel Size 5m Image 1 Km wide

Left: Index image ultramafic

maps the kimberlite.

Right: Spectral legend the

colours of the spectra match

the coloured areas within the

image. The spectra of the

yellow area is hyrdro-carbon.

Ultramafic Chlorite-Mafic Seds. Oil and Sand White Mica-Seds.

MORE INFORMATION

For more information on HyMap surveys for mineral exploration or environmental assessment please contact :

HyVista Corporation Pty Ltd phone: +61 2 8850 0262 email: [email protected] www.hyvista.com

GordonDowns1:250,000MapSheet:DufferRangeAreaSubScene

Figure1:SurveyAreaandDuffersCreeksubscene(redbox)

Example:KimberleyArea,WesternAustralia

Figure2:DuffersCreekSubsceneimageoverlainonto1:250,000topographicmap.

Figure3a:DuffersCreeksubsceneMNFCCImage,imageextendsnorthofgeologicalmapredpolygon.

Figure3b:Portionof1:250000GeologyMapcoveringDuffersCreeksubscene.

HyMapdatawasobtainedfromtheHallsCreekmobilebeltarea(Figure1)during2004.Asubscene(Figure2)coveringtheDufferRangearea(centred24km

NEofHallsCreek)hasbeenprocessedtoproducemineralmapsofthealterationandothermineralspresentinthisarea.

ALTERATIONMAPPINGairbornehyperspectralremotesensing



CLASSIFIEDMINERALMAP

StandardisedHyVistaCorpprocessingmethodologywasappliedtotheatmosphericandgeometriccorrectedfullspectralmosaic.Themineralmappingalgorithmsdetectedandmappedthefollowingmineralsinthissubscene:IronOxideKaoliniteCalcitePryophylliteEpidoteChloriteAmphiboleAmmoniumAluniteWhiteMica/ChloriteMixtureMuscoviteWhiteMicasbothAlrichandAlpoorThereappeartobe4mainareasofargillicalterationinthisarea:SE(SE)occursinanAlrichwhitemicaunitthatcorrespondstoangraniteunitandisexpressedasamarkerunitshowingzoningwithinthegranite.LittleMountIsa(LMI)areaassociatedwitharidge,mainlypyrophyllite,withzonesofironoxidewhichcouldbegossan.HallsCreekFaultZone(HCF)areaofalterationalongtheHallscreekfaultnorthofLMI.WesternZone(WZ)truncatedbyanorthsouthtrendingfault.TheLMI,HCFandWZalterationareasoccurtotheeastandwestofaunitwhichisdominatedbyAlpoorwhitemicabutimmediatelyboundedbymuscovitewhitemica.The1:250,000geologymaponlyshowsonemineraloccurrenceinthisareaaCu/Pb/ZnprospectwhichlieslosetotheHallsCreekfaultwhereargillicalterationisweaklypresent.TheHallsCreekgoldfieldislocatedtotheSWofthisareaandthealterationdoesextendthroughitandbeyond.Thisalterationprobablyresultsfromalargehydrothermalevent,possiblyassociatedwiththeHallsCreekFault,thoughlargehydrothermaleventshaveoccurredelsewhereintheKimberleyregion(KimberleyBasinnearSeppeltCreekarea,NWofWyndham).ThereareanumberofknowngoldandothermineraldepositsandprospectsalongtheHallCreekMobileBeltandtheresultsofthishyperspectralmineralmappingwouldsuggestthatamoredetailedassessmentofthealterationintheareawouldbeofexplorationsignificance.

WZ

SE

LMI

HCF

Ruleclassifiedmineralmap.Thisimageshows

severaldistinctareasofargillicalteration(red).

IntheSEtheargillicalterationiswithinandarea

ofAlrichwhitemica(blue),theothersareas

(WZ.HCF,LMI)appeartobeassociatedwith

longerwavelengthAlpoorwhitemica.

ArgillicAlterationPyrophyllite+Kaolinite+Dickite

AmmoniumIllite

AlPoorWhiteMica

MuscoviteWhiteMica

Kaolinite

Pyrophyllite

AlRichWhiteMica

UNCONFORMITYURANIUMDEPOSITSEXAMPLE:RangerMine,Australia

chemicalconditionschangedandcausethemetalstoprecipitatefrom

solution.Alterationmineralogyandgeochemistryofunconformity

depositsandtheirhostrocksareamongthemostimportantexploration

criteriaintheAthabascaBasininCanadaandtheKombolgieBasinof

Australia.Districtandcorridorscalehightemperaturediagenesisand

hydrothermalalteration(producingdickite,whitemica(illite),dravite,

chloriteandpossiblypyrophyllite)characterisethesedeposits.

FalseColourCompositeHyMapImageColourCompositemaskedtoremovewater,greenanddryvegetation

Mineral Spectra

(Ka) halloysite

white mica & calcite

white mica @2220 nm

Background non alteration minerals.

Mineral Spectra chlorite

(To) tourmaline

(Dr) dravite

Alteration Minerals

white mica @2200 nm

white mica @2212_a

white mica @2212_b

white mica @2225 nm

Alteration Minerals

RangerMineHyMapSurveyLocation

Unconformitytypedepositsaretheworldsmainsourceofuranium.

Thesedepositsformatornearthecontactbetweenanoverlying

sandstoneandunderlyingmetamorphicrocks,oftenmetamorphosed

shales.Theorebodiesarelensorpodshaped,andoftenoccuralong

fracturesinsandstoneorinbasementrocks.Thehostrocksoftenhave

disseminateduraniummineralsandshowhydrothermalalteration.

Wherethefluidswithdissolveduraniumandothermetals,moved

throughthesandstoneandencounteredthebasementrocks,

RangerHyMapSurveyDataProcessing

SevenlinesofHyMapdatawereacquired

fromtheRangerminesareaonthe

20August2006.Processingoftheimagery

wasappliedtoamosaicofthereflectance

correctedandgeometricallyrectified125

channelHyMapdatawhichhadbeen

maskedtoremovewater,greenanddry

vegetation.Vegetationcoverbothgreenand

dryisextensiveinthearea(Plate1)anditis

onlyaroundtheminesitethatdistinct

mineralshavebeenmappedspectrally.

Mineralmappingalgorithmswereappliedto

thevisiblenearinfraredandshortwave

infraredsubbandeddataseparately.This

resultedinthemineralswithintheirspectra

showninthetablebelowbeingidentified

fromthedata,mainlyaroundtheminesite.

ALTERATIONMINERALMAPPINGairbornehyperspectralremotesensing

Mineral Colour Mineral Colour Mineral Colour Mineral Colour

Dravite White Mica 2212 White Mica 2200 White Mica 2225

Tourmaline White Mica & Calcite

White Mica 2212 Chlorite

Ka

WM&Ca WM222

TheRangerunconformitystyleuraniumdepositislocatedintheAlligator

Riversuraniumfield,some250kmeastofDarwinintheNorthernTerritory,

Australia.TheRangerdepositsarelocatedinthenortheasternpartofthe

PaleoproterozoicPineCreekGeosynclinewhichoverliesAchaeanbasement.

InthemainRangerstringofdeposits,themineralsassociatedwiththe

mineralisationthatcanbemappedfromHyMapdataare:

AmphiboleChertChloriteDolomiteMagnesiteGraphicschist

(opaquemineralresponse)Sericite(micaceousequivalenttowhite

mica/illite)

Ithasalsobeenreportedthattourmalineoccurswithinthepegmatitesthat

areintrudedintotheUdeposits.

See : ht t p : / /www.por t e r geo . com.au/ t ou r s /u r an i um2009/

uranium2009deposits.asp

AlterationMineralsTotalArea

ConclusionsOfthe7mineralsreportedtobeassociatedwiththeRanger

Uraniumdeposit,4havebeenidentifiedfromthehyperspectral

imagery:

Chlorite(Mg)

Sericite(4varietiesofwhitemica)

Tourmaline(dravite)

Dolomite(whitemicamixedwithcarbonate)



RANGER URANIUM MINE, NORTHERN TERRITORY

BackgroundMineralsTotalArea

URANIUM EXPLORATION


APPLICATIONS OF HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY IN URANIUM EXPLORATION

Produce images and mineral maps that improve regional and local geological maps in target areas.

Locate minerals that are associated with U deposits to:

Define alteration zones that target unconformity U deposits to assist with ranking radiometric anomalies and locate mineralisation that does not outcrop.

Detect Reibeckite that is an indicator of metasomatic deposits.

Map carbonate dykes and pods that define carbonatites and detect the presence of earth minerals and apatite in these rocks.

Map regolith associated with paleodrainage calcrete deposits including differentiating calcite from dolomite and potentially locating buried dolomite calcrete from presence of Mg-Smectite.

Detecting the quartz stockworks (+/- xenotime-rare earth phosphate) and associated alteration clay signatures that define hydrothermal deposits containing rare earths and uranium.

Mapping graphitic horizons that are associated with unconformity deposits.

CALCRETE HOSTED PALEODRAINAGE URANIUM DEPOSIT : LANGER HEINRICH, NAMIBIA The area around the current location of the Langer Heinrich mine was imaged image by the HyMap airborne hyperspectral sensor in 2006. The image below shows a surface mineralogy map as determined by spectral processing.

The boundaries of known mineralised calcrete at Langer Heinrich are shown as white polygons. The predominant mineral that

defines these calcretes is calcite (red). Residual illite partially covers some of the calcrete and in the eastern most polygon the

presence of dolomite may show a change in calcrete facies.

There are areas of calcite within drainage channels (to the south of the eastern-most polygons) that may not yet have been

mapped as calcrete; these may be of worthy of further investigation.

The Lake Mason uranium deposit lies 40km to the south west of Yeelirrie and developed during similar climatic conditions over a similar granitoid basement. The Lake Mason palaeodrainage system has uranium channel radiometric data anoma-lies drilling of which has indentified minerali-sation of approximately 1 million tonnes at an average grade of 170ppm uranium.

Source: Prime Minerals Ltd. Website: www.primeminerals.com.au

The HyMap hyperspectral images shown to the right are (left) a colour representation that simulates a LANDSAT-741 image. The right part shows a sur-face mineral map according to the colour legend.

MORE INFORMATION



Hyperspectral Imagery Has Been Used In Uranium Exploration Programs by:

CAMECO (NT) ATOM ENERGY (NT) AFMECO (AREVA) (WA & NT) NORTHERN URANIUM (WA)

TERRITORY URANIUM (NT) MEGAHINDMARSH (SA)

Hyperspectral imagery maps details in

regolith and highlights the calcretised paleodrain-

age.

The mineral maps show that the paleochannels contain

calcite, dolomite, Mg-Smectite & gyspum.

Dolomite can weather into Mg-

Smectite so the presence of this clay

may indicate unexposed dolomitic

calcrete.

CALCRETE HOSTED PALEODRAINAGE URANIUM DEPOSIT : LAKE MASON, WESTERN AUSTRALIA

X

Haib HyMap Hyperspectral Survey

Below: HyMap imagery was acquired with a spatial resolution of 5m in

October 2006. The area survey was 5,000 sq km. Unprocessed reflectance

data is available from the Geological Survey of Namibia.

HYMAP IMAGERY CAN BE USED TO MAP COMMON ALTERATION MINERALS AND CAN THEREFORE BE APPLIED IN EXPLORATION FOR A VARIETY OF COMMODITIES AND MINERALIZATION STYLES.

Alteration Spectral Signature And Deposit Type

Concentric and fracture

controlled zonation of

alteration minerals.

Alunite, pyrophyllite, kaolinite, dickite,

diaspore, opaline silica

Goethite, Hydrated

FeOx

High Sufidation/

Epithermal? Advanced

argillic

Au

Intersecting cells defined by

changes in mica chemistry

(gradients) and fracture

control.

White mica (Al rich to Al poor &

hydration state), pyrophyllite, Fe& Mg

chlorite, amphibole

Goethite, Hydrated

FeOx

Archaean Gold/

Hydridic Cells

Au

Strike controlled trains of

deposits, can be en-echelon.

Jarosite, white mica (Al rich to Al poor

& hydration state), chlorite, opaline

silica

Goethite, Hydrated

FeOx, jarosite,

rozenite

VMS/

Argillic

Base Metals

Zone along unconformity.Chlorite, white mica, pyrophyllite,

dickite

HematiteUnconformity/

Argillic-Propylitic

U

Amphibole, carbonate (Ca>Mg),

montmorillonite, nontronite, epidote,

Mg& Fe chlorite

White mica (Al rich to Al poor &

hydration state), illite-smectite,

kaolinite, quartz.

Biotite, phlogopite, chlorite,

vermiculites, anhydrite, gypsum

Kaolinite, halloysite, montmorillonite,

white mica, dickite, pyrophyllite, alunite,

diaspore, topaz

Alunite, jarosite, kaolinite, gypsum

Hematite

Hematite

Hematite, goethite

Porphyry Copper /

Propylitic

Phyllic (Sericitic)

Potassic

Argillic-Advanced Argillic

Supergene Leach Cap

Base Metals

Spatial SWIR MineralsVNIR MineralsDeposit Type / Alteration

Style

Commodity

See below

HyMap Spectra Of Alteration Minerals

ALTERATION MAPPING

MAPPING PORPHYRY SYSTEMS EXAMPLE: Haib Region, Namibia

The SWIR spectra shown are

a selection of the main

alteration minerals as

recorded HyMap scanners.

Top: White mica (illites)

spectra in which the main

absorption at ~2.2um shifts in

wavelength with variations in

mineral chemistry from Al rich

at 2.19um (paragonite) to Al

poor at >2.215um (phengite).

Centre: Phyllic-Argillic mineral

dominated by absorptions at

and below 2.2um.

Bottom: Propylitic minerals

dominated by absorptions

beyond 2.25um.

Alteration Spectral Signature And Deposit Type


Below: A portion of the Haib hyperspectral survey covering approximately 100 sq

km over the Lower Proterozic Haib porphyry copper deposit has been analysed

to produce several mineral maps. The Haib is a deeply weathered system but still

shows the zoning of the various alteration minerals.

OVERVIEW COLOUR COMPOSITE (BANDS 108,,28, 3) RGB)

0Km 5Km

MNF COLOUR COMPOSITE (BANDS 5, 4, 2 RGB)

PHYLLIC ALTERATION: White Mica-Muscovite White Mica-Paragonite White Mica-Phengite

PROPYLITIC & PHYLLIC ALTERATION: Mg Chlorite Fe Chlorite Montmorillonite Calcite Amphibole

ARGILLIC ALTERATION & TOURMALINE (Pyrophyllite, White Mica, Tourmaline)

INDEX COLOUR COMPOSITE (Hematite, Goethite, Pyrophyllite) View of terrain near the Haib porphyry copper deposits)

MINERAL MAP EXAMPLES

MORE INFORMATION



PROPYLITIC ALTERATION: Mg Chlorite Fe Chlorite Calcite Montmorillonite Amphibole White Mica / CO3

RecentlyHyVistaCorporationacquiredaVexcelUltraCamDRGB/CIRdigitalcameratocoflywiththeHyMaphyperspectral

sensor.Someexampleimageryfrombothsystemsareshownbelow.

A

C

B:AsectionoftheHymapimageisoverlain

withasingleframeofthedigitalcamera

(approx360mx490m).

C:Showstheareacoveredbythesingledigital

cameraframe.

D:Asectionofthedigitalcameraimageillustratedthedetail

revealedwitha15cmpixel.

E:TheHyMapandUltraCamDcomountedinaCessna404

aircraft.Botharemountedonstabilisedplatformsand

thecamerapositionisdeterminedbyaNovatelSE

precisonDGPS/IMU.

Benefits:

Singleaircraftdeploymenttoacquirebothhyperspectralandhighresolutiondigitalimagerysignificantcostsavings.

Usedigitalimagerytosharpenmappingresultsofhyperspectral. OrthophotosandprecisionDEMsfromdigitalcamera.

B

E

D

E

FigureAisaHyMaptruecolourmosaic(4HyMapimagestrips)ofMtWhalebackironoremineinWesternAustralia.

Thisimageis14.5kmx5.2kmandhasaspatialresolutionof4m.Thedigitalcameraimagewasacquiredsimultaneously

ataspatialresolutionof0.15m(15cm).

HYPER2DIGITALIMAGERYairbornehyperspectralremotesensing

Top:UltraCamdigitalphotoimageryat15cmGSD

Below:UltraCamdigitalphotoimagerymergedwithHyMapmineralmaps.


HyVistaCorporationPtyLtd phone:+61288500262email:[email protected] www.hyvista.com

HyperImageryproducedfromVexcelUltraCamDLargeformatdigitalmappingcameraHighSpatialresolutionsfrom2.5cmto50cmCosteffectiveimagerycollectionwithlargeformatframes

HyperImageryproducts

FastLookOrthoPhotographyEnhancedOrthophotoMosaicsDigitalSurfaceModels(DSM)DSMPointClouddata

HyperspectralimageproductsfromtheHyMapsuchasmineralmapscanbemergedwithhighspatialdigitalimageryfromtheUltraCamtoproducehighqualityinformationmaps.Anexampleofsuchfusionproductsaredisplayedbelow.

Processing of HyMap Data for Mineral Exploration and Geological Assessment

Processing of hyperspectral data is carried out to produce various image products through a sequence as described below: LEVEL 1: Preprocessing

Level 1A: Conversion of Raw DN images to radiance imagery and derivation of geometric correction files Level 1B: Conversion of radiance to reflectance data. Level 1C: Production of geometrically, cross track and radiometrically corrected mosaic from which further products are derived

LEVEL 2: Photo Interpretation Products (images that do not map mineral uniquely)

Overview Colour composites: Landsat TM 432 equivalent, true and false colour images MNF Colour Composite Images: 2-4 colour composites are produced Mineral Class Images that map distribution of:

MgOH/CO3, FeOH, SiOH, ALOH, Argillic, Sulfate, Iron Oxides minerals but not specific minerals, produced using decorrelation stretching

LEVEL 3: Mineral Abundance and Mineral Chemistry Image Maps

SWIR and VNIR Mineral Abundance Mapping: Mineral abundance images are produced from end-member un-mixed images, Match Filtered and Logical

Operator processes and are presented as: Thresholded Greyscale Thresholded Pseudo Coloured Mineral Map RGB Colour Composite Rule Classified Multi Mineral Maps

Pseudo Coloured Absorption Minima Wavelength Shift Mapping is carried out by using a polynomial curve fitting routine to determine the wavelength position of an absorption feature of interest in each pixel and creating an image of these values. This technique can be used to determine:

Illite Al content FeOx type Carbonate and Chlorite composition

LEVEL 4: Detailed Integrated Analysis

After the customer has examined the delivery products which are the produced as ENVI images and in formats for input into GIS (ECW, GeoTiff, JPEG and if vectors shape files), further refinement of the processing can be carried out interactively with the customer.

Some Mineral Targeting examples of models are:

Mapping zoning in porphyry systems Mapping Argillic and Advanced Argillic minerals to target epithermal deposits Mapping changes in carbonate composition in Calcrete U and MVT deposits Mapping change in white mica illite Al content associated with Archean gold deposits and unconformity

U also location of Chlorite and Dravite. Locating Mg-OH minerals Talc, Serpentine and Saponite that highlight kimberlite etc Gibbsite mapping for Bauxite deposits

OUTPUT IMAGES that are result of Level 2 and 3 (underlined) processing are written to ENVI, ER Mapper, ECW, JPEG and GeoTiff formats. The mineral mapping and mineral chemistry images can be presented as overlays onto a grayscale background and individual areas of mineral occurrence can be output as shape files.

www.hyvista.com

SUPERIOR SENSORS :: SUPERIOR SERVICE :: SUPERIOR PRODUCTS This is not our mission statement; this is our promise

Products and Services

From photons-on-a-detector to maps-on-your-desk; a truly end to end integrated survey service.

Survey Planning HyVista works closely with its clients to design efficient field deployments including international airfreight of equipment and in-country permitting. The use of advanced flight planning tools provides optimum time of day and flight line orientations to maximise data acquisition efficiency and image quality.

Deployment and Data Acquisition HyVistas operational model is to airfreight its sensors and support equipment internationally and then lease local aircraft to undertake the survey. This provides the most cost efficient deployment for our clients. HyVista is passionate about sensor calibration and thus undertakes an on-site spectral and radiometric calibration of the sensors immediately prior to aircraft integration. HyVistas survey staff is fully trained to undertake in field pre-processing and quality assessment on a daily basis. Quick-look imagery is available immediately for client review.

Data Processing HyVistas clients request a variety of survey products ranging from fully calibrated and corrected data through to surface component maps that are immediately GIS compatible.

For data delivery, HyVista undertakes atmospheric correction and geo-location pre-processing. Data can be delivered as seamless mosaics and corrected for directional surface scattering effects, including sun glint removal in imagery over water bodies. HyVista offers a comprehensive range of map products using proprietary value-adding software. For example, HyVista can deliver large area, seamless surface mineralogy maps to mineral exploration clients or, as an additional step, an alteration map. All such products are GIS compatible in a number of formats, ensuring rapid integration into the clients mapping database. Consulting Services To add further value for the client, HyVistas staff are available for consultation to either assist in the interpretation of the delivered map products or to design a targeted specific mapping theme. HyVistas airborne hyperspectral sensors and proprietary

data processing software have been designed to under-

take large area surveys rapidly and efficiently (up to

1000 sq km per day), and to generate seamless mapping

products deliverable to the client in days, not months.

Head Office - Sydney Australia Unit 11, 10 Gladstone Rd Castle Hill NSW 2154 Australia PO Box 437 Baulkham Hills NSW 1755 Australia Phone: +61 2 8850 0262 Fax: +61 2 9899 9366 Email: [email protected] URL: www.hyvista.com

Copyright HyVista Corporation Pty Ltd 2011 HyMap is a trademark of Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd

Brochure prepared for...

Booth 307

Contacts:

Peter Cocks General Manager

[email protected] ph +61 2 8850 0262

Dr Mike Hussey Principal Geologist

[email protected] mbl +61 (0)414 648 661