indoor emission of building materials -...

Indoor Emission of Building MaterialsUpdate and Testing MethodsTampere, 18.09.2007, Stefan Aschenbrücker

18.09.2007, , Stefan Aschenbrücker, BYK-Chemie GmbH, Indoor Emission of Building Materials

Abstract

• Indoor Emission of Building Materials

• Definition and Guidelines

• Testing Methods

• Contribution of BYK

• REACH / Summary of Activities for Manufacturer and Downstream User


Environmental Pollution

Indoor Emission

Wall Coveringsand Paints

Furniture

Building Materials

Flooring Materials


VOC

V olatile

O rganic

C ompounds

boiling point ≤ 250 °C (1013 hPas)

VdL-publication 15.12.1995 (No.96/13/EG)


Emission Test

Total Volatile Organic Compound

expressed in Toluene equivalents

TVOC [ µg/m³ ] Emission

TVOC [ µg/m² * h ] Emission Rate


Marks for Wallcoverings

IGI Quality Mark (worldwide)

IGI has determined that rolls of wallcoverings do not cause anyproblems for the consumer or the world at large

RAL-GZ 479 (Germany, worldwide)

Quality and test specifications for wallcoverings including requirements and tests regarding an ecologic and health-related point of view


European Standards and Classifications for Building Materials, e.g. Wall Coverings, Floor Coverings, …

M1 / M2 (Finland)

The aim of the classification is to enhance the development and use of low-emitting building materials

prEN 15052 (Europe)

Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings — Evaluation and requirements of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions (volatility range from n-hexane to n-hexadecane)

AGBB (Germany)-Evaluation-Scheme 2005

Health-related evaluation procedure for volatile organic compounds emissions (VOC) for all building products(e.g. floorings, wall coverings etc.)


Emission Classification of Building Materials

*Europe/Germany: according to guidline Umweltbundesamt (=0,1 ppm)

Maximum Emission Requirements (µg/m3)

>+0,1

60

125

5

400

M2

1000010000TVOC @ 3 days

20010001000TVOC @ 28 days

11R value @ 28 days

100Subst. without NIK

100Total SVOC @ 28 days

>+0,1method?Odour

30Ammonia

50120120Formaldehyde*

512Carcinogens @ 28 days

1010Carcinogens @ 3 days

M1AGBBprEN15052


Emission-Test Chamber Method

Nordtest (Europe / NAFTA)

JIS A 1901 (Japan)

F ield

L aboratory (Europe / NAFTA)

E mission

C ell


NORDTESTChamber Method


Nordtest Step 1: Sample Preparation

unwrapcut out

Cover edge and reverse side


Nordtest Step 1: Sample Preparation


Fl

Fl

Sample

Tenax-Tube

Fl

Fl

Synth. Air

50% RH

Water

Chamber Method for measuring the Emission of VOC


Nordtest


Nordtest Step 2: Measurement


ATD-400

2.00 4.00 6.00 8.0010.0012.0014.0016.0018.0020.0022.0024.0026.0028.00

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000

800000

900000

1000000

1100000

1200000

1300000

1400000

1500000

1600000

1700000

1800000

1900000

2000000

2100000

2200000

2300000

2400000

2500000

2600000

2700000

2800000

2900000

3000000

Time-->

Abundance

TIC: A3744H04.D



FLEC

F ield and

L aboratory

E mission

C ell


Tenax-Tube

Fl

Fl

Sample

Fl

Fl 50% RH

Synth. Air

Water

Field Laboratory Emission Cell


Field Laboratory Emission Cell


ATD-400

2.00 4.00 6.00 8.0010.0012.0014.0016.0018.0020.0022.0024.0026.0028.00

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000

800000

900000

1000000

1100000

1200000

1300000

1400000

1500000

1600000

1700000

1800000

1900000

2000000

2100000

2200000

2300000

2400000

2500000

2600000

2700000

2800000

2900000

3000000

Time-->

Abundance

TIC: A3744H04.D

FLEC Step 2: Measurement


FLEC Step 2: Measurement


RAL-GZ 479 / Salthammer

VDA 277

DIN-55649 In-Can VOC

BYK In-Can Method

Emission-Test Head Space GC


RAL-GZ 479(by T. Salthammer)

A routine method for the determination of the

TVOC content in wall coverings using headspace

gas-chromatography


RAL-GZ 479(by T. Salthammer)

Substance max. Contentµg C / g wall covering

VOC 100TEX-aromates 10


RAL-GZ 479 Step1 : Sample Preparation(by T. Salthammer)

UnwrapCut out

punch Weigh1g per vail (20 ml)2 vails per sample


RAL-GZ 479 Step1 : Sample Preparation(by T. Salthammer)


Sample for Measurement


FID

RAL-GZ 479 Step 2: Measurement(by T. Salthammer)


RAL-GZ 479 Step 2: Measurement(by T. Salthammer)


µg C/1gA

rea

RAL-GZ 479 Step 3: Evaluation


Comparison FLEC - RAL-GZ 479

RAL-GZ 479

0,00002 m³

0

100 °C

VOC µg C/g

FLEC Chamber

Volume 0,000035 m³surface area 0,0177 m²Product loading factor 506 m²/m³air exchange rate 171 1/hRelative humidity 50 %Temperature 23 °C

Emission rate TVOC µg/m²*h


Comparison Nordtest - JIS A 1901

JIS Chamber

0,020 m³

0,044 m²

2,2 m²/m³0,5 1/h

50 %28 °C

µg/m³

BYK Chamber

Volume 0,017 m³surface area 0,00697 m²

0,0374 m²Product loading factor 0,41 m²/m³

2,2 m²/m³air exchange rate 0,5 1/hRelative humidity 50 %Temperature 23 °C

Emission TVOC µg/m³


Contribution of BYKBYK is a Corporate Member of the ISIAQ

International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate

ISIAQ is a sponsor of:

International Conference on Indoor Climate of Buildings 2004Indoor Air 2005Healthy Buildings 2006

ISIAQ is an international, independent, multidisciplinary, scientific, non-profit organization whose purpose is to support the creation of healthy, comfortable and productiveindoor environments.


Contribution of BYKEffect on TVOC using Low Emission Viscosity Depressant

Components Control BYK Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon

PVC 100 100 100 100

Filler 50 50 50 50

DINP 65 55 55 55

TiO2 15 15 15 15

ADC 4 4 4 4

ZnO 3 3 3 3

Hydrocarbon 5 10

VISCOBYK®-5000 series 10

Chamber measurementEmissions in µg/m3

Loading factor: 2,2 m2/m3

Test results Control BYK Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon

after 1 day 160 140 14240 16620

after 5 days 110 100 7070 7060

after 7 days 102 95 2340 2370


Good analytical labs can detect VOC`s in nearly all formulations!

TVOC free

VOC free

Zero Emission

Common Expressions


Definition of REACH

R Registration

E Evaluation

A Authorization of

Ch Chemicals

Including their applications


The Management Board of BYK has expressed its commitment to sustain the entire sales products portfolio under the obligations of REACH in an effort to continue to serve BYK’scurrent and future customers.

REACHBYK


REACH: Scope and Exemptions

• All chemical substances placed on the market within the EU (manufacturing and import) are within the scope of REACH.

Excluded are following product groups (examples):

• Polymers (provided all monomers >2 % are listed)

• Manufacturing/import <1 to/a

• Biocides, plant protection and medical devices

• Non-isolated intermediates

• Additives for food and feed stuff

• Mineral oils

• Cosmetic products

• Radioactive compounds

• Wastes

• Special regulations for intermediates and R&D products


REACH Time Table

• From 1.6.2007 Entry into force of REACH

- 18 months pre-registration

• Until 2010 Registration of:

- CMR ( > 1 to/a)- N,R50 – 53 ( > 100 to/a) PBT, vPvB- >1000 to/a


- > 100 to/a


- > 1 to/a


REACH: Information for Downstream-User

• Manufacturer/ImporterPreparation of an extended material safety data sheet including information regarding use categories, exposure categories, exposure assessment and risk characterization.

• Downstream user Check whether applications of downstream user correspondwith identified uses

YES: Check whether exposure from application is within exposure limits and risk management measures derived from risk characterization are realized.

NO: a) Request to the supplier to include identified use

b) Perform own risk assessment CSA (Chemical SafetyAssessment), prepare own CSR (Chemical Safety Report)

and submission to the agency.


REACH: Summary of Activities for Manufacturer and Downstream User

1. Set-up an internal organization: one responsible person plus expert team

2. Acquire expertise of REACH: seminars, training, consultants, suppliers.

3. Clarify your role (manufacturer, downstream user, importer)

4. Identify your substances (break-down of formulations)

5. Check which of your substances are within the scope of REACH (i.e.check

versus definition of polymer)

6. Assign your tonnage bands (>1 to, > 10 to, > 100 to, >1000 to)

7. Relate your substances to different “REACH schemes” (R&D, registration,

authorization, intermediate, finished article, …)

8. Define the data required for the different REACH-schemes


REACH: Summary of Activities for Manufacturer and Downstream User

9. Identify data available (internal, external, public domain)

10. Evaluate the available data for each substance regarding grouping …

11. Identify missing data (“gaps”), set up of a plan to generate data

12. Collect information regarding applications from your downstream users (your customers)

13. Group the different applications into categories (application, exposure)

14. a) Manufacturer/importer: carry out CSA, edit CSR, e-SDS, registration

b) Downstream user (formulator): check ‘identified uses’, if required: contact supplier or register yourself

15. Allocate appropriate resources: internally and externally

16. Approval of budget


REACHBYK

Further Contact:

Dr. Gerald KIRCHNER

[email protected]

Tel. +49 (0)281 670 465

Gunthard ROHLFS

[email protected]

Tel. +49 (0)281 670 761

Rob ZWANENBURG

[email protected]

Tel. +49 (0)281 670 692


ANTI-TERRA®, BYK®, BYK®-DYNWET®, BYK®-SILCLEAN®,

BYKANOL®, BYKETOL®, BYKOPLAST®, BYKUMEN®, DISPERBYK®,

DISPERPLAST®, LACTIMON®, NANOBYK®, SILBYK® and VISCOBYK®

are registered trademarks of BYK-Chemie.

AQUACER®, AQUAFLOUR®, AQUAMAT®, CERACOL®, CERAFAK®,

CERAFLOUR®, CERAMAT®, CERATIX® and MINERPOL® are

registered trademarks of BYK-Cera.

This information is given to the best of our knowledge. Because of the

multitude of formulations, production, and application conditions, all the

above mentioned statements have to be adjusted to the circumstances

of the processor. No liabilities, including those for patent rights, can be

derived from this fact for individual cases.

indoor emission of building materials -...

Documents