AN ILLUSTRATED RECORD OFCANADIAN ACHIEVEMENTS INCOMMERCE, MANUFACTURE,SCIENCE AND ART.

SPECIAL NUMBER. BRANTFORD, NOVEMBER, 1901. ILLUSTRATED.

BRANTFORD—THE TELEPHONE CITYTHIRD IN IMPORTANCE AMONG THE EXPORTING CITIES OF CANADA

worship the people could boast of, although an Indianinstitution. It stands to-day a monument to the perse-verence of the pioneers and a landmark in their earlyhistory—and the oldest Protestant church in theDominion.

Settlers soon became numerous—for those times—and they early turned their attention to manufacturingpursuits. Shoemaking was the first industry to receiveattention, and in 1819 Arunah Huntington and W. D.Dutton were competing for supremacy in that line.Four years later in 1823—John Ashton Wilkes, S.V. R. Douglas and Nathan Gage also had stores inthe young community and trade began to grow apace.The first saw and grist mill was erected by Henry T.Sage and Marshal Lewis about the same time, andthis became the property of Jedediah Jackson in 1830.He made a distinct departure in the trade of the placeby paying cash for grain, which had previously beentaken in " t rade" at the mill.

There was very little money in circulation at thattime, and what there was mostly American andSpanish currency. Clarke & Street, of Niagara Falls,

had aspirations to call the settlement by his name,suggesting Lewisville, while Birmingham was prefer-red by John A. Wilkes. As a compromise "Brant'sFord " was adopted at a public meeting called to con-sider the question, and this is the origin of the presentname.

The first plan of the town site seems to have beenmade by Joseph Read in 1824, but the official surveywas made by Lewis Burwell and is dated October 22,1829. On April 19, 1830, the Six Nation Indiansmade a formal surrender of the site to the Govern-ment, and the land was immediately sold to actualsettlers at the upset price of £10 a lot. From thistime rapid strides were made. During the year anumber of buidings were erected. John A. Wilkesand Wm. Kerby each erected a distillery and a gristmill, and John Lovejoy and Wm. D. Dutton builthotels.

The surrender of the town site by the Six Nationshaving settled the vexed question that troubled thepioneers as to whether they were to get good titles tothe land they held and had improved, the work of

Photo by Walker, Brantford, BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF THE CITY OF BRANTFORD.

Grand River and six miles on either side. The site ofthe City of Brantford was called Mississagua, on ac-count of its being the favorite camping ground of theMississagua or Ojibway people. The white man hadalready made his mark upon the land, for in 1780 or1781 Alexander and John Westbrook, who had previ-ously been held prisoners by the Iroquois in the GrandRiver valley, persuaded their father and his family tocome over from Pennsylvania and settle on Fairchild'sCreek. Alexander Westbrook built a rude log hutnear the ford, which somehow acquired the name ofBrant's Ford, on the West Brantford side, near theferry that was used by the settlers as a means ofcrossing the river. John K. Smith and his son,William K. Smith, came from New York State, nearthe Hudson River, in 1783, and these two families, itmay be said, formed the nucleus of the city that nowstands near the head of the manufacturing centers ofCanada. A man named John Salts built the first loghouse on the north side of the river He did a littletrading, but probably almost entirely with the Indians.Alexander Smith kept a stock of miscellaneous goodsand must be credited with having been the first store-keeper in the embryo city. In 1785 John K. Smithand his sons built the old Mohawk Church, about amile and a half out, which was long the only place of

and Smith Griffin, of Smithville, were the big-mer-chants of the district, and trading was mostly done bymeans of their due bills. Toronto had less than 2,000population, and Hamilton hardly had a place on themap. The nearest postoffices were at Burford andAncaster, and both Dundas and Ancaster were ofmore consequence commercially than either Brantfordor Hamilton. Brantford was, however, made a postvillage in 1825.

The most interesting account of the condition ofaffairs prior to the Government survey of the town isthat furnished by Mr. James Wilkes, the last survivorof those times, who came here with his father—JohnAshton Wilkes—in 1823. There were then less than100 people in the settlement, which at that time couldboast of two taverns and a blacksmith shop. He cameto establish a branch of his father's business, thencarried on at Little York (Toronto). It appears thatin 1826 or 1827, when there were about 300 inhabitants,a question arose about naming the place. RobertBiggar, who came from Scotland about 1805, owned aquantity of land around the ferry and had been instru-mental in rebuilding the bridge across the river thathad been washed away. The new structure wascalled Biggar's bridge, and he wanted the place calledBiggar's Town. Marshal Lewis, the null owner, also

clearing the land and building up the trade of thecommunity was pushed on with considerable vigor.Ignatius Cockshutt, who came to look after his father'sbusiness in Brantford in 1829, and who was the lead-ing merchant of the city for forty-two years, until heretired in 1882, was among the leaders in the earlystruggles for the rights and privileges which theyoung community claimed or considered it desirableto acquire. There is perhaps no other place wherethe original settlers are so largely represented by theactive participants in business and public affairs ofthe community at the present day. Father has beensucceeded by son and grandson, and the names thatwere familiar among the pioneers are perpetuatedand honored in the persons of their descendants asleaders in business and social affairs. The spirit ofprogress has characterised the people from the be-ginning and still resides in their children. The firstpublic building was erected in 1826, by public sub-scription, and served the purposes of town hall,courtroom, school house and meeting place. Theearliest records show that the people made strenuousefforts for advancement, and it is not difficult to seethat their object has been very largely attained.

The City of Brantford is the seat of governmentof the County of Brant. It has an area of 2,500 acres,

RIOR to the year 1783 the GrandRiver valley seems to have beenthe regular camping ground ofthe Ojibway Indians, a warliketribe previously hostile to theIroquois, who were induced tosurrender their claims to thesehunting grounds to make roomfor the Six Nations, when theyforsook the Mohawk Valley inNew York on account of their

loyalty to the British crown. The part taken by theold chief, Thayendanega, or Captain Joseph Brant,according to his English title—the titular head andleader of the Six Nations—in the struggles of theAmerican revolution, forms an integral part of thehistory of Canada and need not be told here in detail.Under his leadership a large number of the Mohawk.Oneida, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga and TuscaroraIndians settled in the country that the Ojibways leftto them. The Government granted the Six Nationsthe tract of land embracing the whole length of the

THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

OLD MOHAWK CHURCH.

and is situated for the most part on a high ridge ofland on the north of the Grand River. The surround-ing country is the most picturesque in the Province.The land is well watered, has splendid natural drain-age, and is highly productive. The soil is the richclay and sandy loam that is so much in favor withagriculturists. The woods are diversified with ma-ple, beech, elm, oak, pine, cedar, basswood, tama-rack, hickory and ironwood. It is a gently rollingcountry, and nearly all in a high state of cultivation.Almost every description of non-tropical fruit is grownin the district, besides corn, wheat and other cereals.Stock raising is pursued with great success and profit.The majority of the farmers occupy substantial brickhomesteads, the cattle being equally well housed inspacious barns, and the whole aspect gives practicalevidence of general prosperity. Large quantities ofgypsum are annually raised from the quarries on theGrand River, and are used for fertilizing as well asbuilding purposes.

Grand River Navigation.The first attempt made to provide better facilities

for transportation than those afforded by teamstersand coaches was the organization of the Grand RiverNavigation Co., for the purpose of improving thestream by a succession of levels and converting thenatural watercourse into a system of "slack water"navigation, which would admit the passage of boatsof light draught as far up the stream as the levelswere carried. In order to make this available toBrantford it was found necessary to open a cut-off ofnearly three miles' length to the slack water below.The work was completed in 1840, and made Brant-ford the head of the Grand River navigation. Thisenabled merchants to ship and receive goods at theirown warehouses and establish direct communicationswith Buffalo, points on Lake Ontario and furthersouth and east. The opening of the canal was un-doubtedly one of the chief factors in the early pros-perity of Brantford, as it was for several years theonly available avenue through which the produce ofthe district could reach the outside market, besidescontributing directly to the establishment of mills andfactories along the river. Several dams were con-structed between Brantford and Lake Erie, and theimprovement of the whole of the Grand River valleywas" the immediate result. The railroads ultimatelymade the canal an unprofitable undertaking for theshareholders, and the works passed into the posses-sion of the city, as some sort of return for the moneythat had been guaranteed to carry it on, and finallybecame the property of private individuals, who usethe waters for power development.

Incorporation of Town.The agitation to have Brantford made the county

town commenced as early as the year 1842. It wasprobably precipitated by the proposal to transfer thetownships of Brantford and Dumfries from the Goreto the Brock district, which met with considerable op-position, and was finally defeated, along with theGovernment idea of giving the Six Nations the 20,000acres of land lying nearest the town. In 1842 publicmeetings were held, committees formed and subscrip-tions raised for the purpose of erecting a court house,jail and school, and attempts were made to inducesome banking institution to locate in the town.

Brantford was incorporated as a town in 1847, whenthe population had grown to 2,000 people. The firstTown Council was elected on September 6 of the sameyear. At the inaugural meeting, held at Bradley'sInn, three days later, Wm. Muirhead was chosenMayor, and the following year the Council rented abuilding on the northwest corner of Dalhousie andMarket streets, which was given the high soundingname of the Town Hall.

The First Factory.The first serious attempt to set up a manufacturing

establishment in Brantford was inaugurated by Mr.

P. C. VanBrocklin in 1844. This was a stove and tin-ware factory, and has been wittily described as a trulyone-horse affair, because the power that operated themachinery was derived from the exertions of an equine

GRAND RIVER SCENE.

hiched to a wheel in the lower regions of the building.Mr. VanBrocklin was joined by Mr. C. H. Waterousin 1849, and the coalition thus formed ultimately ledto the establishment of the Waterous Engine WorksCo., the oldest and premier iron-working industry in

the city, and one that has won a world-wide reputa-tion on account of the excellent qualities of the en-gines and machinery made in the company's works.Among the many important industrial institutionsthat have made the manufactures of Brantford famousmay be found the names of those who took part in itsearly struggles for supremacy in this field. The aimof the manufacturers of Brantford has been to makegoods that would meet the demands of the differentmarkets and set the standard in their own particularline. The result is that everything that bears thestamp of being " Brantford made" commands the at-tention of buyers wherever offered for sale, and thecity has reached the third place among the manufac-turing and exporting cities of Canada. The exporttrade of the city extends to the whole civilized world.

City Government.Brantford became a city on May 31, 1877, by vir-

tue of a special act of the Provincial Legislature,which provided for the government of the newly cre-ated municipality by a Council, consisting of a Mayorand fifteen Aldermen, three of the latter to be electedfrom each ward. The event was celebrated with ap-propriate ceremonies and great enthusiasm, and Dr.James W. Digby, whose father was the second Mayorof the town in 1848-9, was elected the first Mayor ofthe City of Brantford. The offices of Mayor and Al-dermen have called into play the executive ability ofthe leading merchants and manufacturers, who haveresponded with becoming readiness to the demandsthat the fulfillment of the duties of the various officeshave made upon their time and energies, and ac-quitted themselves in a manner that has reflectedgreat credit upon themselves and given the best ofgood government to the city. The present Mayor,Mr. D. B. Wood, was elected January 1, 1901, afterhaving served several terms in the Council. Hebrought to the office a ripened experience of civic af-fairs and the mature judgment and administrativequalities that had made him a power in the commer-cial world as the head of the firm of Wood Bros., theowners of the Brant Rolling Mills.

The following gentlemen are the Aldermen of theCity of Brantford for the year 1901 : Ward 1—R. E.Ryerson, merchant; W. C. Livingston, barrister;Wm. Berry, contractor. Ward 2 - Robt. Middlemiss,molder; Robt. Hall, gentleman ; Wm. E. Dunne, ma-chinist. Ward 3—W. S. Brewster, K.C., barrister; M.K. Halloran, cigar manufacturer ; B. G. Wade, mer-chant. Ward 4—Jos. H. Ham. manufacturer ; Fred.Corey, grocer; J. W. Bowlby, K. C, barrister. Ward5—John A. Leitch, insurance agent; Arthur Weir,machinist ; C. M. Durward, tailor. The dean of thisbody is certainly Mr. J. W. Bowlby, by virtue of hislong service in connection with the municipal affairsof the city exceeding that of any other member.

Mr. Bowlby came to Brantford in 1860, from To-ronto, where he had been in the office of the late ChiefJustice Cameron, and was already well known aroundOsgoode Hall. He has outlived all the lawyers whowere here at that time, and only two of the retailmerchants of those days remain in trade at the pres-ent time. Dr. Henwood is the sole remaining repre-sentative of the medical practitioners, and for therest, the professional and business people of to-dayare all new men, and there are but a score or so ofthe old faces that were familiar on the streets thenthat have not passed away. On municipal law Mr.Bowlby is an authority. He has likewise distin-guished himself in connection with the finances ofthe city, and is at the present time chairman of theFinance Committee as well as of the Board of Health.He first filled a chair in the Town Council in 1871,and has given his time and skill ungrudgingly to thecity ever since. When the finances of the city wereinvolved in connection with the early railroad enter-prises years ago, and the civic debt to the Govern-ment known as the municipal loan fund debt was from

COURT HOUSE.

4

BRANTFORD—THE TELEPHONE CITY.

MAYOR, ALDERMEN AND CITY OFFICIALS.Robert Middlemiss Fred Corey

(Mechanic) (Grocer).Chairman of Manufacturers.

Chas. M. Durward(Merchant Tailor).

Robt. E. Ryerson W. C. Livingston W.S. Brewster , K.C. Wm. Berry B G. Wade Wm E. Dunne(Wholesale Fruit (Barrister). (Barrister). (Carpenter). (Music Dealer), (Mechanic).

Dealer). Chairman of Buildings

Hugh Howie, Robt. Hall M. K. Hal loran Miss J. W. Woodyatt, DAVID B. WOOD John A. Leitch J. W. Bowlby, K.C. Wm. Frank,City Overseer. (Manufacturer), (Cigar Manufacturer), Assistant City Clerk. (Miller), (Insurance Agent) (Barrister) City Collector

Chairman of Board Chairman of Fire, Light Mayor. Chairman of Financeof Works. and Sewers.

T.Harry Jones, Col. H F. Leonard, Dan'l J. Lewis, Ar thur K. Bunnell , Benj. Hunn,City Engineer. City Clerk Chief of Fire Department. City Treasurer City Almoner.

Jos. H. Ham(Manufacturer).

Thos. Osborne,Park Overseer.

one to two million dollars, and pressed heavily uponthe people, Mr. Bowlby took part with the late Hon.E. B. Wood, then member for South Brant, and after-wards Chief Justice of Manitoba, to obtain relief forBrantford from this intolerable burden, which wassecured on very favorable terms, by which the old debtwas wiped out and a settlement for some $194,000odd effected. On returning to the city they found thecitizens, who had misunderstood the nature of thearrangements, assembled in public meeting to de-nounce them, but when they presented themselves onthe platform and explained the circumstances theproceedings were turned into loud and enthusiasticacclamations of praise.

Population and Taxation.In point of population Brantford stands thirteenth

among the cities of the Dominion. According to thefigures of the census just completed the city numbered16,685 inhabitants, or 3,878 more than in 1891. Withthe suburbs, where many of the workingmen reside,the figures would easily be swelled to 20,000. Thefollowing table shows the number of population,property value, and the tax rate in 1877, 1887, 1897,and the present year :Year. Popula- Assessment Tax Rate.

tion. Realty. Personalty. Income. cts.1877 10,631 $2,796,480 $456,000 $100,130 1.51887 12,570 3,842,990 664, 800 142,250 1.61897 16.539 5,718,393 616,325 113,485 1.71901 16,685 S.932.44 503,050 25,107 2.0

It has been the policy of the City Council from thebeginning to give the greatest possible encouragementto people intending to establish new industries, andboth by the remission of taxation and the furnishingof a nucleus of capital in the way of bonus to inducemanufacturers to locate within the city. At the pres-ent time, with the general taxation fixed at 19 mills,and a gross assessment of $6,560,605, there arenumerous exemptions, either in part or wholly, asfollows:Wholly exempt $439,000Subject to local improvement only. 818,075Subject to school and local improvement.. 690,100

Total exemptions $1,947,175

Local Improvements.There are about 61 miles of public streets in the

city, upon which some twelve miles of cement side-walks have been laid, at a cost of $53,000. A total of$105,000 has been spent in local improvements in theshape of sidewalks, which have been constructed onthe frontage tax system and built by the employees ofthe city, who are paid day's wages. The roadwaysare well made and well kept, and there are plenty ofshade trees and numerous small parks—all in the bestof order.

Assets and Liabilities.The bonded debts and other liabilities of the city

on December 31, 1900, amounted to $1,157,333.94.Against this there are sinking funds amounting to$188,231.15, and a total excess of assets over liabilitiesvalued at $182,074.67, the principal and permanentitems being as follows:Waterworks construction $305,000 00Gas stock 18,000 00Local improvements 142,739 61Buildings, parks and lands. 259,351 36Fire hall and equipment 23,163 00School property 138,350 00Sewers 80,000 00Free library 11,000 00Share of House of Refuge 16,740 04Hospital 42,000 00B., W. & L. E. stock 25,000 00

The net debenture indebtedness is $888,529.24.Nearly all the city dwellings, as well as the fac-

tories, are built of the excellent white bricks that aremade in the local brickyards, and while those of theprofessional and moneyed people are elegant andoften sumptuous, the houses of the poorest are com-fortable and convenient.

Police Protection.Police protection is one of the least expensive of

the many matters that come before the Council.While the city has the care practically of the whole ofthe Six Nation Indians as a floating population, thereis very little crime and rarely any serious matter tooccupy the attention of the magistrates. Thos. Mc-Means was the first and only officer from early in the50's until 1875, with latterly the assistance of a nightwatchman. In the latter year a force of a chief andfour men was formed. In 1885 it was reorganized,with Chief John J. Vaughan at the head, a positionhe has held until the present time, while the force hasbeen increased to nine men. The total expense onthis account last year was $6,386.22.

Fire Department.Until the year 1889 the only protection against fire

that the city had was that furnished by volunteerorganizations, which were generally well managedand efficient. The City Fire Department was thenorganized, with the late George D. Calder as chief.He brought the organization to its present perfect

FIRE DEPARTMENT HEADQUARTERS.

5

THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

ONTARIO INSTITUTE FOR THE BLIND.

condition. Chief D. J. Lewis, who is now in com-mand, was promoted from the rank of foreman on thedeath of his predecessor, and fully sustains thesplendid reputation he made for the department.

Sewage System.The sewage system of the city was inaugurated in

1889-93, under the superintendence of Willis Chip-man, M. Am. Soc. C. E., M. Can. Soc. C. E., M. Am.W. W. Assn., etc., chief engineer, and T. HarryJones, B. A. Sc , M. Can. Soc. C. E., the city engineer,and cost $126,137.90, The separate system of sewerswas adopted. The main drain runs along the Mohawkroad to the flats east of the old Mohawk Church, atan elevation of from 10 to 20 feet above the ordinarylow water mark of the Grand River. These flats areseldom submerged more than a few days during theyear, when the river rises 20 feet above summer leveland covers approximately 350 acres, of which 150acres are available for a sewage farm. The systemas originally constructed consisted of 12.64 miles ofstreet sewers and 2.64 miles of house sewers, with 152manholes, 49 flush tanks and 73 lamp holes. Ad-ditions have been made from time to time and thereare now 15 ½ miles of street sewers, 16 miles of housesewers, 200 man-holes and 60 flush tanks. The wagesand expenses of sewer construction during the yearending December 31, 1900, amounted to $6,113. Theland available for a sewage farm has a soil of sandyloam, with a gravelly or sandy subsoil, and will beadequate for the disposal by broad irrigation of thesewage from 15,000 people, and probably double thatquantity during the dry months of summer. Anotherpiece of land to which sewage can flow by gravityfrom the present main, sufficient for an additionalpopulation of 5,000, can also be used for the purpose.

Water Works.Under an arrangement with the City Council the

Brantford Water Works Co. was organized in 1870.The directors were : I. Cockshutt, president; T. S.Shenson, secretary-treasurer ; Wm. Buck, H. W.Brethour and H. B. Leeming. The capital stock wasfixed at $25,000, but afterwards raised to $50,000.Buildings were erected, machinery purchased andpipe laying commenced in the same year. TheWaterous Engine Works Co. made the two rotarypumps that were first used, and has recently put insome splendid machinery at a cost to the city of $30,-525.54. In the commencement the city guaranteedthe company interest on the money expended at 8 percent, and $250—afterwards increased to $500—forworking expenses, In 1889 this service (includingstreet watering) cost the city $5,124. At that timethe city derived a revenue from the service of $3,178.-99, and about 80,000,000 gallons of water were pumpedduring the year. It was then decided to acquire theproperty, which was accordingly done at a cost of$185, 000. The plant has since been considerably en-larged, and the entire service has cost the city up tothe present time $305,000. During the year 1900 thetotal amount of water pumped was 397,160,579 gal-lons—a daily average of 1,088,111 gallons. Atthe end of that period there were 226 hydrants, 131valves, and nearly 31 miles of water mains ; and thework still goes on. The gross revenue for the yearwas $35,693.26, and the expense of maintenance andoperating amounted to $12,274, leaving a surplusrevenue of $23,419.26. This is another proof of thesuccess and profit of municipal ownership, as the citywas enabled to provide for interest and other chargesand still have a profit on the year of $8,150, instead ofa deficiency of $1,945.01, as shown in the last yearunder the old arrangement.

Board of Health.The Board of Health consists of the Mayor, Dr. J.

G. Lamont, Rev. John Pickering, Joseph Bowes,

George Wedlake, Chief J. J. Vaughan and J. W.Bowlby, K. C. (chairman), and exercises the neces-sary supervision over the many problems that have tobe dealt with by similar bodies with firmness andmoderation. Dr. F. G. E. Pearson, the medical of-ficer of health, reports the city in excellent sanitarycondition.

Gas and Electricity.The city was first lighted by gas in 1855. The

Kerby House and Mr. I. Cockshutt's store werelighted by a private gas plant in 1854, and the follow-ing year the Brantford Gas Co. was organized, JamesWilkes being president. In 1874 the Town Councilhelped the company to the extent of $16,000, takingpreferential stock for a like amount in return, and

FIRST COUNCIL HOUSE SIX NATIONS.

from that time the concern has been a profitable andsatisfactory institution. The Electric Light & Oper-ating Co. now furnishes electric illumination for one-half of the city.

Public Education.Public education occupied the attention of the peo-

ple of Brantford at an early day. The first schoolwas held in a frame building on Market square,and was opened about the year 1826. This wasthe only school house that existed for the next

twenty-four years, until the west wing of the oldCentral school was opened in 1850. This build-ing was not completed entirely until 1871, and it wasburned down in 1890. The city now has accommo-dation for 2,500 pupils, and employs 52 teachers. Inthe month of May last there were 2,351 pupils on therolls and an average attendance of 2,050 daily. Thereare six public schools—the Central, Darling, Victoria,Huron, Oak and Morrell, besides the Kindergartensand the Collegiate Institute (the successor of the oldGrammar School), and the two Separate Schools forthe education of Catholic children.

The instruction given at the Collegiate Institute,under the direction of Principal A. W. Burt, includesa full commercial course in typewriting, stenography,mathematics and mechanical drawing, in addition tothe usual collegiate course.

Technical education for artisans has been providedfor by the formation of the Brantford TechnicalSchool Board and the erection of a school buildingfor the classes, which were commenced in 1899. TheBoard consists of representatives of the City Council,the Board of Trade, the School Boards and the Tradesand Labor Council. Principal Burt is chairman, andJno. Buskard secretary treasurer. The school wasformally opened in April last by Hon. R. Harcourt,Minister of Education, and is well attended.

The Public Library offers a choice of nearly 20,000volumes for the use of students and general readersand has been established about twenty years.

The building of the Ontario Institute for the Blindis one of the notable structures in the city. It waserected in 1872. The Institute is supported entirelyby the Provincial Government. The best publicschool education is given to the inmates, with theprivilege of pursuing the higher studies leading toUniversity honors and a thorough musical trainingfor those who are able to profit by it.

Mohawk Institute.The Mohawk Institute is maintained by the New

England Company for the industrial education of thenative Indians. It is situated near the old MohawkChurch about two miles from the city. The Insti-tute was established in 1831, and the present buildingerected in 1857. It is sufficient for the accommoda-tion of 123 pupils. The education that is given is ofthe most practical kind, school work being alternatedwith practice on the farm and in the workshop. Thegrounds belonging to the Institute cover 450 acres.The greenhouses are noted for the fine display that ismade of choice flowers and form a most interestingstudy for visitors.

Provision for Poor.Poverty is practically an unknown quantity in this

city. The orphans, sick, and those who have becomeincapacitated for work and have no other resource,are admirably taken care of in the different institu-tions provided for them, and the charitable relief thatthe city was called upon to give during the past yearonly amounted to the sum of $1,100.

The munificence of leading citizens has made am-ple provision for the poor, aged and infirm. TheHouse of Refuge occupies a commanding position ona knoll overlooking the city. The original buildingwas erected in 1888. The following legend is to befound in the main entrance :

"This tablet is intended to commemorate thetimely beneficence of Ignatius Cockshutt, Esq., mer-chant, of the City of Brantford, and the late HenryDavis, Esq., farmer and stock breeder of the sameplace, to whose generous donations of money andland the foundation of this house of refuge for thepoor, aged and infirm of the City of Brantford andthe County of Brant is mainly due."

A new wing was added to the building last year,the work being done by Mr. J. Bartle. There arenow 55 inmates (38 men and 17 women and children)in the institution which costs for maintenance about$5,000 a year.

The endowment bequeathed by the late Mr. JohnH. Stratford put the city in possession of the splen-did hospital that bears his name, and is a fitting me-morial of his long life of practical goodness, the fruitof which continues to be enjoyed by the suffering-poor, though he is no longer here to dispense it.

MOHAWK INSTITUTE.

6

BRANTFORD—THE TELEPHONE CITY.

S T R E E T R A I L W A Y BUILDINGS.

Board of Trade.The Brantford Board of Trade was organized in

1866, and commenced active operations the followingyear. Mr. Ignatius Cockshutt was elected the firstpresident, and continued to fill that office for fiveyears. He has been followed in a long course of use-fulness by leading men of the city during the suc-ceeding years, viz. : David Plews, 1872-3 ; George H.Wilkes, 1874-5 : Wm. Buck, 1879-81 ; George Watt,1882-3; R. Henry, 1884-5 ; George H. Wilkes,1886-7 ; W. F. Cockshutt, 1888 ; J. K. Os-

HOUSE OF REFUGE.

MAJOR J. S. HAMILTON,President of the Board of Trade.

borne, 1889-90; C. H. Waterous, 1891-2 ; A. K.Bunnell, 1893-4; Frank Cockshutt, 1895-6; E. L.Goold, 1897 ; Harry Cockshutt, 1898 ; T. H. Pres-ton, 1899. Major J. S. Hamilton is the president atthe present time, having been elected for the year1900, and unanimously re-elected for this year. LloydHarris is vice-president and Geo. Hately secretary-

by horses, which for a time gave satisfaction to thepublic. In 1893 the Brantford Street Railway Co.,having acquired the franchise, equipped the road withelectric power and greatly improved the facilities inother respects. There are about eight miles of tracksin the city, giving excellent service for the inhabitantsof Echo Place and Cainsville on the east and extend-ing to the Mount Pleasant road and Farringdon dis-trict on the west, to the G.T.R, station and the Parisroad on the north and northeast and through EaglePlace to the city limits on the south, thus accom-modating visitors to the Hospital and the Institute forthe Blind. In 1895 the company purchased thebeautiful property at the east end of the city, known

JOHN H. STRATFORD HOSPITAL.

LLOYD HARRIS, ESQ.,Vice-President of the Board of Trade.

as Mohawk Park, which is one of the finest places fora day's outing in the country. There is a splendidlake, with facilities for boating, which may also bereached by water via the canal. The bicycle track atMohawk Park is one of the finest in the Province andthere is a grand stand capable of accommodatingseveral thousand people. The track is oval andmeasures one-quarter of a mile. The street cars runinto the park and many excursions are made to thisfavorite resort during the summer season. Specialinducements are given to schools and societies comingby rail from other places and baseball matches andother sports are made special features of all holidayoccasions when outdoor games are possible. Theheadquarters of the Brantford Street Railway Co. arein Toronto. Mr. John Murrode is the manager of thebusiness in Brantford and his office is at 303 and 305Colborne street. The plant is operated by steamengines of superior construction and the equipmentand service give the best satisfaction. The companyemploys a large staff of men, who are both courteousand obliging. The public has never been discom-moded by anything in the nature of a strike in con-nection with this service and therefore the companymust undoubtly maintain the best of relations with theemployees also. The directors of the company are:Frederick Nicholls, president; H. P. Dwight, vice-president ; W. S. Andrews, secretary-treasurer. Mr.Murrode only took charge of the company's affairs inBrantford a few months ago, on the death of Mr. Wm.Barron, the former manager, but he has alreadyshown himself a thoroughly capable manager and de-voted to the interests of his company and considerateof the convenience of the public.

treasurer. The Board is an active and useful body,contributing valuable help to the organization andexpansion of the trade of the city and devoting con-siderable care to the varied topics that naturally comewithin its province. The work of the Board is dividedbetween the Council, Board of Arbitration, Board ofTransportation, Committee on City Improvement,Representation on Southern Fair Board and RetailMerchants' Committee, the latter section having beenrecently organized to take cognizance of matters ofspecial concern to retail traders.

The Board of Trade has devoted a great amountof attention to the question of railroad facilities andrates, and the Transportation Committee has beenwrestling for some time with proposals having for theirobject the bringing of the main lines of the CanadianPacific Railway and the Grand Trunk System throughBrantford. In his address to the Board at the annualmeeting in February last Major Hamilton stated that,owing to the changes made by the Customs Depart-ment, it was impossible to obtain the exact figures ofthe manufactured exports of Brantford for 1900, butafter personally interviewing the manufacturing firmsdoing an export trade, he found the year's increase inexports varied from 5 to 60 per cent.

There are 45 manufacturing establishments in thecity. Many different interests are represented. Agri-cultural implements and machinery take the leadingplace, but there are wood-working factories, stovefoundry, woolen and cotton mills, pickle and biscuitfactories, packing houses, binder twine makers,carriage builders, distillers and vintners, saddlers,flouring mills and other industries, and there is roomfor many more. During the past year 3,896 peoplewere employed in the factories and received in wages$1,323,017.

During the year 1900 there were 49,388 tons offreight shipped by rail from Brantford, made up asfollows :Grain 2,042 tonsFlour .. 3.280 ''Vegetables 319 "Cheese 100 "Agricultural implements 15,105 "Miscellaneous 26,991 "

The collections of inland revenue for the calendaryear ending December 31, 1900, amounted to $72,-381.54. The total revenue of the post office for thesame period was $26,938.

Street Railway Service.The first attempt at a street car service in Brant-

ford was made in 1886, with four cars that were drawn

7

THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

GRAND TRUNK STATION.

Railroad Facilities.

The City of Brantford has been exceedingly lib-eral in its dealings with the railroads, and spent manythousand dollars for their development. The firstroad to open up communications with the outsideworld was the Buffalo Brantford & Goderich Rail-road (now part of the Grand Trunk System), whichwas formally opened for traffic amid much rejoicing,in January, 1854. The fact that the Great Westernroad was permitted to pass the city by has been a sub-ject of regret ever since. Many efforts have beenmade to get both the G. T. R. and the C. P. R. roadsto bring their main lines through the city, and theproject has not yet been given up. The opening ofthe Toronto, Hamilton & Buffalo Railway, in 1894,gave the city direct communication with Detroit,Chicago and the Western States, through its affilia-tion with the Michigan Central Railway, and thereare, after all, few places of its size that enjoy betterrailroad facilities than Brantford, and none that usesthem more liberally. The factories have splendidswitching accommodations, and the competition be-tween the existing railroads tend to keep rates downto a point that, if not the lowest, is not exorbitant.The traffic returns show that the business is extremelyprofitable and exceeds that of several of the morepopulous places. The figures for the three last calen-dar years are as follows :

1898.

system of radial railroads that will greatly increasetravel and bring considerable accessions of trade tothe city.

Grand Trunk Railway.The Grand Trunk Railway System does two-thirds

of the carrying trade to and from Brantford. Thereare two stations belonging to this road in the city—

day, and there are 35 men employed to look after it.The company has an extremely efficient and obligingcity passenger and freight agent in the person of Mr.J. Nicoll, whose energies are taxed to the unmost tokeep things running smoothly. There are 22 passen-ger trains passing through each day and making con-nections with all parts of the system. The distancefrom the principal points of travel on this section ofthe line are : Toronto, 75 miles ; Buffalo, 75 miles;Goderich, 86 miles ; London, 50 miles; Detroit, 183miles. The Brantford & Tilsonburg branch taps arich section of the country and contributes consider-ably to the aggregate amount of business done. Thereare two trains run each way daily, and the traffic willdoubtless be greatly increased, in the freight depart-ment at least, as soon as the proposed line of freightboats commence running between Pt. Burwell andpoints on the American side of Lake Erie, transfer-ring over the Tilsonburg, Lake Erie & Pacific road,which connects with the Grand Trunk trains.

The Grand Trunk System and affiliated lines ex-tends to Halifax, Portland, Boston, New York, Chi-cago, San Francisco and Vancouver. From theseports the goods manufactured in Brantford are car-ried to all parts of the world, and are only third invalue of all the cities of Canada. The company ownsits own ocean terminus at Portland, and gives thebest of accommodation and the lowest rates to ex-porters. The G. T. R. is the oldest internationalroute between the Eastern and Western States, andinterchanges traffic with all the trunk lines at Ni-agara. It controls nearly all the railroad business inthe region bounded by the three great lakes—On-tario, Erie and Huron—and the Georgian Bay, and isthe only road by which the popular summer resorts ofMuskoka can be reached.

T. H. & B. Railway.Brantford is one of the most important stations on

the Toronto, Hamilton & Buffalo Railway, which

Freight carried out 50,206Freight brought in 140,338Passengers carried out , . 76,836

Nearby Towns.

1899.

49,160

80,786

1900.Tons.

49,388148,69283,916

The trade of the city is enriched by intercommu-nion with numerous small towns within a radius of afew miles, for which Brantford is the natural dis-tributing point, and whose people are constant visitorsto the city. The Indian Reserve (about eight milesfrom the City Hall) alone has a population of 4,010,Paris 3,000, Delhi 900, Norwich 1,800, Otterville 900,Pt. Rowan 800, Princeton 650, St. George 900, Scot-land 400, Simcoe 2,700, Tilsonburg 3,100 and Water-for 1,300. These are the most important, but thereare many other small places that also contribute tothe trade of Brantford.

Arrangements are now in progress to connect theCity of Brantford by means of electric railroads withGalt, Woodstock and neighboring towns, and it willnot be long before this will be the centre of a vast

WINTER ON THE GRAND RIVER.

the Buffalo & Goderich station, where the principalpart of the business is done, on Market street, and theBrantford & Tilsonburg station on Colborne street.Considerable improvement has recently been madein the accommodations at the Market street station.A new freight shed has been built that permits of 25cars being unloaded at once, and gives standing roomfor 15 wagons along the platform. The receipts ofthe freight department alone are about $1,000 per

T., H. & B. STATION.

connects with the Michigan Central Railroad atWaterford and Welland and the C P.R. at Hamilton.It is the shortest and quickest route to Buffalo,Detroit, Chicago and the Western States and makesclose connections with the N.Y.C. & H.R.R.R. forNew York and Eastern States and with the Pennsyl-vania and other lines centering in Buffalo. The T.,H. & B. trains run into Toronto over the C.P.R, roadand thence distributes its traffic over that vast trans-continental system.

The T. H. & B. has 82 miles of track, which iskept up in the most substantial mariner, and theequipment is excellent in every particular, including15 modern engines and a number of the most com-fortable passenger coaches used on this continent.The head offices of the road are at Hamilton and themanagement is in the hands of J. N. Beckley, ofRochester, N.Y., president ; E. Fisher, Hamilton,general superintendent, and F. F. Backus, generalfreight and passenger agent. There are 500 men em-ployed on the road and the traffic is increasing rapid-ly each year, especially since the management of theroad passed into the hands of Mr. Fisher and hisable lieutenant, Mr. Backus. About one-third of thefreight forwarded from Brantford goes over the T.,H. & B. road. There are three passenger trains goingthrough each way on week days and two on Sundays.Fast service and the best of accommodation is given tothe traveling public. The Brantford station is in thecenter of the manufacturing district and switches arerun into all the important factories. The building ofthis road was a great boon to Brantford and its oper-ations cover by no means the least important part ofthe commerce of the city.

Banking and Insurance.The banking facilities enjoyed by the people of

Brantford are equal to those of a metropolitan city.The Bank of British North America was the first in-

8

BRANTFORD—THE TELEPHONE CITY.

situation of the kind to establish a branch here. Thatwas in 1846. There is now a substantial local institu-tion carried on by Messrs. Harris, Cook & Co., andthere are also branches of the Bank of Montreal, theCanadian Bank of Commerce and the Standard Bankof Canada.

All the leading insurance companies are well re-presented in the city. Competition is keen and therates are correspondingly low, the protection affordedby the Fire Department being excellent.

The Home of the Telephone.While the Tutela tribe of Indians has become ex-

tinct and their name passed away into the shadow ofhalf-forgotten memories, the Tutela Heights, that re-ceived its name from the fact that they made theirdwellings there, will go down to posterity as the birth-place of the telephone, on account of the practica-bility of the transmission of sound over long distanceshaving been discovered at the Bell homestead on thebrow of the Heights, overlooking the Grand River.It is doubtful if the entire story has ever been printedas it is known to those who had any share in the pro-ceedings. It appears that in 1869 or 1870 Mr. Alex.Melville Bell entertained a few friends at the houseone evening, and that on the following morning Mrs.Bell commenced playing on the piano in an upstairsroom while the air was charged with electricitythrough a severe storm that had just abated. Forsome reason a bell wire had been left hanging looseand touched the top of the instrument at one end, anda table in another room in a different part of thehouse at the other. ' The result was that Mr. Bell dis-tinctly heard the piano playing in the room where thetable was, although he could not hear it outside when

THE MARQUIS OF DUFFERIN AND AVA,Hon.-Col. Dufferin Rifles of Canada.

From portrait in oil by Whale, presented to the regiment byMajor Hamilton

the door was shut. At first the phenomenon was re-garded as somewhat bordering on the supernatural,but, while it could not be understood, it was acceptedas natural when the way the sound travelled was as-certained. A number of people were asked to attendand witness the singular occurrence in the evening,but no amount of coaxing would induce the wire tospeak again. This was a great disappointment toMr. Bell, who was suspected of trying to play a prac-tical joke upon his guests. On talking the matter overwith a friend later, the latter suggested to Mr. Bellthat probably the wire had become charged with elec-tricity during the storm, and that it would be worthwhile trying the effect of an electric battery for thesame purpose. The result was just as predicted, andfrom that time the Bell homestead was the scene ofnumerous experiments with the embryo talking ma-chine, which was then only regarded as a plaything.This is the true story of the telephone and the reasonwhy Brantford has been called the Telephone City.

The Brant Monument.Brantford has not a great number of public monu-

ments, but there is one that reflects credit alike uponthe city and honors the man to whose memory it waserected. It was only fitting that the name of JosephBrant should be celebrated with monuments of stoneand brass in the country to which he showed suchundeviating loyalty and the place where he sought arefuge for his people. The Council of the Six Nationsfirst mooted the subject of erecting a monument totheir revered Thayendanega and presented a memorialto His Royal Highness Prince Arthur, Dukeof Connaught, who was graciously pleased to becomea patron of the undertaking. The Six Nations them-selves voted $5,000 toward the monument and theCity of Brantford $5,000 more. The people of Canadagenerally entered heartily into the project, subscribingliberally to the necessary fund and a special Act of

SIX NATION INDIANS IN COUNCIL.

Parliament was passed to validate the proceedings.The monument was unveiled on Victoria Park, Oct.13, 1886, in the presence of a full representation of theSix Nations, large deputations of Blackfoot and Creechiefs from the Northwest, and a vast concourse ofdistinguished people. The monument is the work ofPercy Wood, a talented sculptor of London, England,who was made a chief of the Iroquois as a mark ofhonor for his splendid conception and the lifelikerealty with which it was executed. The statue andbronze relief work were cast from field pieces cap-tured in the Crimea war and donated by the Domin-ion Government. An engraving of the monument isis printed on the cover of this publication.

Condition of the Iroquois.The Six Nations are very little to be distinguished

from their white brothers, except (but not always) inpoint of color and their adherence with more or lesspersistency to their old tribal customs They occupythe Township of Tuscarora and part of Onondaga, inBrant County (44,000 acres) and 8,000 acres in Oneida,Haldimand County. They numbered 2,330 in 1855 andthe recent count shows them to have increased to4,010. There are 317 actually engaged in farmingoperations and $30,000 has been spent in barn build-ing on the Reserve within the last five years. Theyhave fourteen churches and eleven school houses.Their Council House is the scene of exceedingly inter-esting proceedings. Their conduct is exemplary as arule and they have no more sickness than is commonto all mankind, although the old Indian remedies arestill largely used with more favor than those prescribedby modern science.

Military and Other Matters.Much of the military enthusiasm that was exhibited

in the field in the struggles of former years is manifestin the people of Brantford to-day. The city is the

home of the Dufferin Rifles and the " C " squadron ofthe Second Dragoons, which was organized in March,1898. The Dufferin Rifles, formerly known as the38th Brant Battalion of Infantry, was organized in1866 and is a splendid organization of six companies,with two bands and ambulance corps. It has spaciousquarters and many attractions in the Armory onJubilee Terrace, overlooking the river. The regimentassumed the title of the Dufferin Rifles by virtue of ageneral order dated July 3, 1874, and by special per-mission of His Lordship, the Earl of Dufferin, thenGovernor-General of Canada. His Lordship's crestand motto, " Per Vias Rectus," was incorporated inthe badge of the regiment under a general order issuedMay 3, 1878. Six of the men volunteered and wenton active service in the South African campaign,with Bandmaster Tresham, who was given charge ofthe band of the Canadian contingent. The command-ing officer, Col. H. F. Leonard, has been City Clerkof Brantford for some years and is a grandson of Mr.Reuben Leonard, one of the pioneers of 1830.

There are two newspapers published in Brantford—the Courier (Conservative) and the Expositor (Re-form). Both have evening and weekly editions, andare well patronized.

There are 27 church buildings in the city, andsome of them are really elegant structures. Two ofthem belong to the Catholic Church and the others tothe various Protestant bodies.

All kinds of sports find favor with Brantford peo-ple, and there are clubs devoted to cricket, baseball,golf, cycling, lawn tennis, hockey, football and la-crosse, and all have made excellent records.

Col Leonard, the City Clerk, will be pleased tofurnish any further information that may be soughtby inquirers in relation to the city, as well as Mr.Geo. Hately, the courteous secretary of the Board ofTrade.

In the following pages will be found detailed ac-counts of the principal manufacturing and commer-cial and financial enterprises of the city.

OFFICERS OF THE DUFFERIN RIFLES.

SURGEON-MAJOR PALMER. CAPT. CAMERON, MAJOR WILKESAdjutant. (Retired).

MAJOR LEONARD, LIEUT.-COL. D. SPENCECommanding Officer. (Retired).

MAJOR STRATFORD,Quartermaster.

REV. R. ASHTON, MAJOR J. S. HAMILTON,Chaplain. Paymaster.

9

10 THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

Bow Park, The Celebrated Farm on theOx Bow Bend

And the Various Industries Connected Therewith.• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

are put up in standard sized bottles and kegs, and arefavorably known in Canada from the Atlantic to thePacific. A silver medal was awarded the exhibit ofthese goods at the Pan-American Exposition at Buf-falo.

Brantford Packing Co., Limited.Another important feature of the industries carried

on at the celebrated Bow Park Farm is that of theBrantford Packing Company, Limited, which wasestablished some two years since. This company hasa spacious packing house and steam plant on the farmproperty, on the north side of the river, where thirtymen are employed preparing the choice meats thatare sold under the " Bow Park " name and commanda ready sale and the highest price paid tor this classof goods throughout the country.

The Brantford Packing Co.'s factory is a neat three-story building equipped with the latest improvementsin packing house machinery, and at the present timethe facilities are sufficient for the killing, dressing and

The Bow Park Co., Limited.Three miles to the south-east of the City of Brant-

ford lies the celebrated Bow Park Farm, made famousthroughout the American continent by the Hon. Geo.Brown, through his herds of Shorthorn or Durhamcattle. This farm is now owned by the Bow Park Co.,Limited, of which Mr. John Shuttleworth, the well-known fruit exporter, is president. Mr. Shuttleworthhas the able assistance of Mr. F. W. Austin as farmsuperintendent and Mr. N. D. Foulds as superintend-ent of the live stock department.

The Grand River almost surrounds the entire farm,which is comprised of 960 odd acres of land. Thesoil is formed of alluvial deposits and is eminentlysuited for the purposes for which it is now being used,viz.: the feeding of live stock and the growing of veg-etables for pickling purposes. The buildings, whichcover something like seven acres of ground, are per-haps the most extensive farm buildings in Canadato-day, and are continually being added to as the re-quirements of the company's extending operationsdemand.

CUCUMBER FIELD, BOW PARK.

SHUTTLEWORTH & HARRIS' PICKLE FACTORY, BOW PARK.

packing of 1,000 hogs and 50 cattle per week. Thecompany makes quality the leading characteristic ofthe " Bow Park " goods, whether it be the hams,bacon, sausages or cooked meats that are prepared inthe packing house. The trade in these products hasgrown in a very satisfactory manner during the shorttime that the company has been carrying on businessand plans are already being prepared to enlarge theplant to double its present capacity. The companyhas three travellers on the road to sell their goods tothe retail dealers, besides sending large quantities tobrokers in the large centers of population.

Special attention is given to the preparation ofcooked meats and the manufacture of fine sausages bythe Brantford Packing Co. and the demand for thesespecialities has become so great that it has becomenecessary to build a new sausage room, which—ac-cording to the plans—will undoubtedly be the finestfactory of the kind in the Dominion of Canada.

Shuttleworth & Harris.Messrs. Shuttleworth & Harris, the manufacturers

of "Bow Park" registered brands of pickles andrelishes have their salting stations and factory at BowPark, with office and warehouse at 40 Colborne street,Brantford, Ontario. This firm has a unique advantageover almost all other pickle manufacturers in that thewhole of their vegetables are taken directly from thefields to the salting tanks, thus preserving the fresh-ness and crispness so necessary in the production ofthe very finest quality of pickles, and by using onlythe best vinegars and spices obtainable, the "BowPark " brands are winning their way to the front bymerit. They will, no doubt, in time secure the Can-adian trade for a high-class pickle, which has so longbeen held by imported goods. A constantly increas-ing number of hands are being employed and furtheradditions to their plant have already become necessaryfor their growing trade. The "Bow Park" pickles

BRANTFORD PACKING CO'S. FACTORY, BOW PARK.

BRANTFORD—INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES. 11

CULTIVATING CAULIFLOWER, BOW PARK.

JOHN SHUTTLEWORTH'S HOUSE, BOW PARK.

HARVESTING ONIONS, BOW PARK.

The Adams Wagon Co., Limited.The Adams wagon factory is one of the latest ad-

ditions to the industrial life of the City of Brantford.The Adams Wagon Co., Limited, was incorporatedin the early part of the present year, and acquiredthe business that had been carried on in Paris by thefirm of Adams & Son since the year 1863. The newcompany is under the management of J. A. Sander-son, president; J. Adams, vice-president; D.Adams,secretary. The company's factory is located on theMohawk road, and consists of substantial two-storybrick buildings, 200 x 55, 150 x 55 and 100 x 55 feet,respectively, with an " L " measuring 150 x 50 feet.As a wagon factory it is really a model establish-ment, with splendid equipment and elegant offices.

The "Adams" wagon has long enjoyed a largemeasure of popularity with farmers and truckmenthroughout Canada, and is seen on the streets in allparts of the country, from coast to coast The prin-cipal agencies of the company are in Ottawa, Mon-treal and Winnipeg, while there is an "Adams"wagon representative in nearly every town. Sincethe new company was incorporated three agencieshave been arranged for in different parts of Europe,and there is already considerable encouragement fora large Continental trade.

The Adams "Ontario Farm Wagon" withAdams patent truss-skein, for farm purposes, is theleading article in the company's stock. It is madein several sizes and styles, all of the best material andworkmanship. The two-horse lorry, for city work, isthe vehicle used by the G.T.R, cartage agents, CanadaAtlantic Ry. and other prominent firms that requiresubstantial and reliable lorries. The company's hayand stock racks are without doubt the most simpleand strongest on the market and great conveniencesto farmers The company also makes sleighs invarious patterns—the "Ontario" bob-sleigh, withpatent steel or wooden knee, the Adams "sloop"and one-bench sleighs, and heavy teaming and log-ging sleighs, all of which are exceedingly durableand popular. The company is taking on men dailyand also increasing the road staff to look after thehome trade, which has received considerable impetusunder the new management, and promises grow tomuch greater proportions in a very short time.

The Cockshutt Plow Co., Limited.The name of Cockshutt has been connected with

the history of Brantford from the very beginning, andat the present day speaks of the best achievements ofthe people of the city. The Cockshutt plow was firstmade in the year 1878 in a little brick building op-posite Market street, just across the bridge, with onlysix workmen and less than twenty-five thousand feetof floor space. It was not long, however, before theCockshutt plow became one of the most popular of allthe agricultural implements known to the Canadianfarmer, and as neither money or expense has beenspared in developing and improving the models madeby the company, the material used being the best thatmoney can buy and the workmanship and finishequally good, it can easily be understood how it isthat the company's Twentieth Century plows are re-garded as in every respect standard goods. And theamount of business done is larger than ever beforein the history of the concern.

The company was incorporated in the year 1882with the late J. G. Cockshutt as president and Igna-tius Cockshutt vice-president. The present directorsare: Frank Cockshutt, president; E. L. Cockshutt,vice-president; H. Cockshutt, secretary-treasurer andmanaging director. The assumption of the activemanagement of the concern by Mr. Harry Cockshuttmarked a distinct epoch in the company's history andwas the signal for considerable advance in themethods and prosperity of the company. The factorynow covers over three acres of ground and the busi-ness has increased four times over during the past fiveyears.

There are two expressions that have been used todescribe the materials used in the Cockshutt plows,namely, their soft center steel is tempered "hard asglass" and their chilled shares are "hard as flint."These are the characteristics of the company's goodsand have become the tests of true value, such as manypromise and the Cockshutt company invariably gives.

Several valuable patents are held by the Cockshuttcompany, covering improvements in many differentkinds of plows, adapted to various purposes and differ-ent countries. The company has agents in all partsof Canada and ships to all parts of the world whereplows are used, the Australian trade being handled bythe Deering Harvester Co., of Chicago, Ill.

All the members of the Cockshutt Plow Co. arenatives of the City of Brantford and have been iden-tified more or less with its progress during the lasttwenty-five years. Mr. Frank Cockshutt was presi-dent of the Board of Trade in 1894-95 and is chairmanof the Parks Commissioners as well as head of theSlingsby Manufacturing Co.

Mr. Harry Cockshutt was elected Mayor of thecity in 1899 by the largest majority ever given to acandidate for municipal honors in the city and wasre-elected by acclamation in 1900, while he is theyoungest man that ever filled the Mayor's chair.

Iron Working andOther Industries.

12 THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

THE BRANTFORD PITTS ROAD ROLLER DRIVING THE CHAMPION ROCK CRUSHER.

The Waterous Engine Works Co.The career of the Waterous Engine Works Com-

pany may be said to have had its commencementwhen the late C. H. Waterous joined the establish-ment set up a few years previously by P. C. Van-Broklin for the manufacture of stoves and plows in avery modest way. Mr. Waterous' energy and deter-mination, however, soon changed the aspect of affairs,with the result that now, after sixty years, the com-pany that bears his name is recognized everywhere asthe foremost in its line in the whole country. Theextent of the business was perhaps the least importantpart of the expansion that was inaugurated under Mr.Waterous' direction, for in place of making articles ofdomestic utility the company soon took the lead inthe manufacture of steam engines, saw mills, boilers,fire apparatus and heavy machinery of all kinds, andit is in connection with things of this caliber that thecompany is now so justly celebrated.

The present factory was built in the year 1895,and it is the most handsome and commodious factoryin the city, as well as the largest. The main buildingis 300 x 120 feet, and the boiler, blacksmith, mouldingand other shops of about equal dimensions. Overfour hundred men are constantly employed. Thefollowing are the directors of the company: C. H.Waterous, president and general manager; D. J.Waterous, vice-president; F. T. Wilkes, secretary-treasurer; F. L. Waterous, F.J .Waterous; WalterT. Mair, chief accountant, and Charles Wolfe,mechanical superintendent.

The principal kinds of machinery made by theWaterous Engine Works Company are engines,boilers, a full line of saw-mill machinery, road rollers,rock crushers, fire engines and pulp making machin-ery. During the present year the company has sup-plied 15-ton rollers to the corporations of Vancouver,Sherbrooke, Brantford, Picton and Carleton Place,and one of 10 tons to Ottawa. Fire engines havebeen sold to the corporations of Vancouver, Ottawa,Dawson City and Magog, and one has been sent toSantiago, Chile. During the same period the com-pany has also supplied rock crushers, elevators andscreens to the corporations of Picton, Thessalon andLiverpool, N.S., and to parties in Sault Ste. Marie,Blyth and Peterborough and the Ottawa and HullPower Company and the Canadian General ElectricCompany. Another shipment of 200,000 lbs. thisyear was a complete band saw mill sent to NewZealand.

The pumping engine first used in the BrantfordWaterworks was supplied by the Waterous EngineWorks Company, and the company has recently in-stalled a five million gallon pump, by which the workshave been brought to the highest state of efficiency.The pulp-making machinery shipped by the companythis season to one firm runs over 800,000 pounds andto another over 500,000 pounds.

For manufacturing, handling and shipping thisheavy machinery they have the most modern facilities.Three railroad tracks run into their yards and worksand electric cranes in machine shop and boiler shopwill pick up machines intact weighing 15 to 20 tonsand place them on the cars. In equipment the variousshops of this concern are second to none in the Pro-vince.

Mickle, Dyment & Son.A large share of the lumbering interests of Ontario

is in the hands of the members and associates of theBrantford firm of Mickle, Dyment & Son, whose citylumber yards and planing mills are located at 284Colborne street. The members of this firm are C.Mickle, N. Dyment and the son of the latter, S. Dy-ment. The associated house of London, Ont., isknown as the Dyment, Baker Lumber Co., and themembers of that company are Mr. Dyment, Sr., Thos.Baker, his son-in-law, and A. E. Dyment, the Liberalmember for Algoma in the Dominion Parliament.

Mickle, Dyment & Son own extensive timber limitsin the northern portion of Western Ontario, with millsat Gravenhurst, Severn Bridge, Gore Bay and Thes-salon. These mills have an aggregate capacity of160,000 feet of sawn lumber every twenty-four hoursand are kept running night and day for eight monthsof the year. Several smaller mills are also operatedby the firm. The mill and offices in Brantford havefrontages on Colborne and Dalhousie streets of 70, 130and 300 feet respectively Here the firm manufactureslumber, lath, shingles, sash, doors, blinds and otherbuilders' supplies, of which large quantities are takenby the contractors and merchants of the surroundingcountry.

The firm own the schooner Katahdin, which isused to convey lumber from the Thessalon mill to theUnited States and has a carrying capacity of 500,000feet of lumber. This is in addition to the firm's three

steam tugs, used for towing logs. The produce of themills is shipped to Great Britain besides the differentmarkets of Canada. The head office of the firm is atBarrie, where Mr. Dyment is, Mr. Mickle superintend-ing affairs at Gravenhurst. The Brantford businessis under the management of Ross A. Rastall, a gentle-man well known and highly esteemed for his thor-oughness and entire devotion to the interests of thefirm.

The members of the firm are all leaders in theirdifferent ways in business, in public affairs and insports. Mr. Dyment, Sr., is the owner of a fine string ofrace horses, including Bellcourt and Flying Bess, whohave both given good accounts of themselves on thetrack. Mr. A. E. Dyment, as has been said, is inParliament and the other gentlemen are equally de-voted to their country's good.

The Snow Drift Co.The above-named company have been in business

in the City of Brantford for over sixteen years. Theirfactory and Warerooms at 37 and 39 Dalhousie is afour-story building one hundred and ten feet deep byforty wide and thoroughly adapted for their extensivebusiness.

Their plant is composed of special machinery forthe reducing of spices, cream tartar and icing sugar

THE FACTORY DISTRICT.

Both are manufactured inCanada only by The Waterous Engine Works Co., Brantford.

BRANTFORD THE TELEPHONE CITY.

as well as all the ordinary machinery used in a first-class coffee and spice business.

Their list of manufactures is large. We can onlyname a few of their baking powders, Snow Drift, Do-minion and Crystal, all of which have a Dominionreputation. Their flavoring extracts are excelled bynone on the market and their trade is rapidly extend-ing in this special line. A splendid reputation hasalso been established for their blends of coffee at thehead of which stands the famous '' Snow Drift Blend."

Their trade is wide, extending from Montreal onthe east to Victoria on the west and many of theirgoods have found their way into the rich but chillyKlondike. Just now they have completed three ship-ments of goods into the far away Alaska country.

They employ in their office and factory an averageof about twenty men and girls, and five travellerslook after the trade on the road. Being men of pro-bity and character, of them the company are justlyproud. The business has steadily advanced until ithas now reached a large output per year.

Mr. Fullerton, the present manager, has devotedthe best years of his life to this business and has al-ways occupied a respected position among the manu-facturers of this city. He is atypical Canadian, beingborn in the North East Township in the County ofEast Elgin, sixty miles west of Brantford. In hisearly years he saw the heavy forests of that countylaid low and beautiful farms take their place. Heremembers and can relate some exciting experienceswith wild animals and Indians, who, with the bearand the wolf were often unpleasant visitors to hisboyhood home.

It is with confidence we recommend the goodsmanufactured by this company, and in the years ofprogress and rapid development so quickly coming tothis great Dominion, we bespeak for them the pa-tronage of all buyers desirous of handling goods of astrictly first-class quality.

Massey-Harris Co., Limited.The enterprise of Massey-Harris Co., Limited, has

been connected with the City of Brantford for fortyyears and it may almost be said from the beginning.It now stands at the head of manufacturing interestsof which the city is so well able to boast, as indeed itdoes of the entire agricultural implement industrythroughout the world. The amalgamation of theHarris interests, which had been centered in Brantfordsince the original factory was removed from Beams-ville in 1871, with the Massey Manufacturing Co., ofToronto, took place in October, 1891, and marked anew era not only in the operations of this particularconcern, but of the implement business generally.The directors of the company at the present time are :C. D. Massey, president; J. K. Osborne, vice-president; Hon. L. Melvin-Jones, general manager ;R. Harmer, sales manager; J. H. Housser, secre-tary ; Jos. N. Shenstone, Hon. Geo. A. Cox. Mr.C. P. Massey is the son of the late Hart A.Massey, so well known to the Canadian people as amanufacturer and philanthropist, who commenced theMassey business in Newcastle, Ont., in 1847.

The Massey-Harris Brantford factory covers nearlytwo acres of ground, with white brick buildings threestories high, having about 300,000 square feet of floorspace. Seven hundred men are employed in theseworks alone, while some 1500 man the Torontofactory.

The list of goods made by Massey-Harris Co. attheir Toronto and Brantford establishments includesharrows, cultivators, hay tedders, drills, seeders,mowers, rakes, binders and many other farming im-plements which have long since made a name theworld over. For their products the company has re-ceived the highest awards at the Paris (France) ex-hibitions of 1889 and 1900, honors which no otherCanadian implement manufacturer can boast of. Thenew Massey-Harris mowers are the latest productions

MASSEY-HARRIS CO.'S WORKS, BRANTFORD.

in grass-cutting machines having all the improve-ments that human ingenuity has been able to devise.The binder has many points of excellence never beforeembodied in any self-binding harvester—features thathave placed Massey-Harris binders "at top" all overthe world.

The trade of the Massey-Harris Co. is truly world-wide. In Canada the company's name is seen inevery town, and on almost every farm. QueenVictoria installed the company's implements on allher farms, and in this she was followed by all theleading land owners and farmers of Great Britain.The Massey-Harris binder is also to be found on thefarm of the German Emperor.

The Brantford factory of the company is under themanagement of Mr. Franklin Grobb, who has been

BRANTFORD STARCH WORKS.

closely connected with the concern for many yearsand has been a shareholder and member of thecompany since 1882. The business has increasedwith great rapidity, and the enterprise of themanagement has fully kept pace with theexigencies of the times. The factory has been re-peatedly enlarged, the staff increased, and the effi-ciency of the goods manufactured improved from timeto time. Affiliated with Massey-Harris Co., Ltd., arethe Verity Plow Co., Ltd., of Brantford, and the BainWagon Co., Ltd., of Woodstock, for which companiesMassey-Harris Co., Ltd., are the sole sales agents. Thepast record of the company fully justifies the expect-ation that the name Massey-Harris is destined to con-tinue at the head of agricultural implement business.

The Brantford Starch Works, Limited.The only concern in Canada that manufactures

thin boiling wheat and corn starch for use in steamlaundries is that carried on by the Brantford StarchWorks, Limited, which is under the management ofGeo. Foster, president; Frank Leeming, vice-presi-dent, and Joseph Ruddy, secretary-treasurer andmanager. The business was originally started by theBritish-American Starch Co. in 1871 and acquired bythe present company in 1893. The factory is locatedon the Canal road, East Brantford, and covers fiveacres of ground, having substantial three-story build-ings, having 45,000 square feet of floor space, with thebest machinery and appliances known to the trade,and houses and other conveniences for employees.

The business of the company has increased threetimes over since 1893 and the output at the presenttime is six and one-half tons of starch per day. Thereare 45 people employed in the works, and the companyships to all parts of Canada. The company makesculinary as well as laundry starch. Of the former thebest known brands are No. 1 Brantford Preparedcorn, Crystal Maize corn starch and Challengeprepared corn. The company's domestic laundrystarches are known as Canada Laundry, Acme GlossStarch, First Quality White and Blue Laundry, LilyWhite Gloss, Brantford Gloss, Canadian Electric andCelluloid Starch. Deliveries for the Maritime Prov-inces are made at St. John, N. B., or Halifax, N. S.

Mr. Foster, the president of the company, is alsohead of the firm of Geo. Foster & Son, wholesalegrocers. The other gentlemen at the head of thecompany's affairs are well-known and popular Brant-ford men who have demonstrated the right to becounted among the most capable and successful busi-ness men of the Telephone City.

MASSEY-HARRIS CO.'S WORKS, TORONTO.

Wood Brothers.The Brant Roller Mills, operated by Wood Brothers,

is one of the most important institutions of the kindin Western Ontario and consequently plays a leadingpart in the commerce of the City of Brantford. Sincethe disastrous fire that destroyed the old mill in thesummer of 1898, Messrs. Wood Brothers have estab-lished themselves in the building on Colborne streetformerly occupied by the Bain Wagon Co. and turnedit into a first-class flour mill, equipped with the bestmodern machinery, that enables them to manufacturethe finest grades of flour and maintain and even excelthe splendid reputation they previously had. Thefarmers from all the surrounding country make a beeline with their loads of wheat for this mill as soon astheir threshing is done, and the flour that is turned outof the mill enjoys a well-deserved popularity through-out the country.

The business was commenced by Messrs. D. B.and W. B. Wood in 1888, and while Mr. D. B. Woodis still at the head of the firm, he now has associatedwith him his brother, Mr. T. L. Wood. The mill is alarge three-story brick building, 50 x 200 feet, and hasa capacity of 200 barrels per day. There are 18 menemployed in the establishment and the machinery iskept running twenty-four hours each day. The specialbrands made by the firm are "Golden Crown,""Five Seals," "Gold Seal," "Veteran," "SilverStar," "Laurel," "Crescent," "Dundee" and"Fairy." These goods are shipped to all parts of theDominion, to Newfoundland and Great Britain.The firm has agencies in Nova Scotia, New Brunswickand Newfoundland, and in addition to the millingtrade, ships potatoes and turnips to the United States.

Mr. D. B. Wood has served for a considerable timein the City Council and at the last election was chosento fill the Mayor's chair, a position which he has shownhimself admirably suited for and in which he has de-voted considerable time and skill to the service of thecity. The community has been fortunate in beingable to enlist the active and successful business menin the conduct of municipal affairs, and Mr. Wood,like his predecessors, has shown that the best men toundertake the management of the people's businessare those who have shown themselves successful withtheir own. Mr. Wood is also a member of the Boardof Trade and gives great attention to all matters

affecting the welfare of the city, its trade and people.

13

THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

Goold, Shapley & Muir Co., Limited.The largest windmill factory in Canada is doubt-

less that of the Goold, Shapley & Muir Co., Limited,of Brantford. This establishment occupies the half oftwo adjoining blocks at the corner of Clarence andWellington streets, with buildings measuring 100 x 150feet. The company manufactures galvanized steelwindmills for power and pumping, galvanized steelflagstaffs, Maple Leaf grain grinders, iron and woodpumps, wood tanks of all sizes, fanning mills, waterpipe and fittings and bee keepers' supplies. Thebusiness was established in 1891, with only about adozen workmen, and was thought fortunate in turningout ten thousand dollars worth of goods in the courseof a year. At the present time the company employsat least 160 men. Last year's sales exceeded $200,000and this year's trade shows an increase of 333% overlast year. In the first place attention was devotedalmost exclusively to the manufacture of windmillsand as the company has the advantage of producingmodels distinctly superior to those of other makers—particularly the Americans—using only the very bestof materials and making a distinctly Canadian articlewith the assistance of the most skilled workmen thatcould be obtained, the fact that a large share of theCanadian trade has fallen to the company is easilyaccounted for.

Windmills have now become practically essential tosuccessful and progressive farming, and they are alsofound conducive to the health and comfort of suburbanresidences, summer resorts and similar places, andthe demand for the company's goods is constantly in-creasing and the satisfaction they give becoming betterappreciated every season. Twelve travellers areemployed to sell the mills throughout the country and40 experts are employed installing them when sold.Six months ago the company commenced to manufac-ture gasoline engines and now they have more ordersthan can be filled during the present year. Untilrecently the company had the largest galvanizingplant in Canada, and there is only one other thatequals it in capacity. The company galvanized over900 miles of pipe last year—enough to reach to Mont-real and back.

All the goods made by the company are equallypopular and serviceable. In addition to gas and gas-oline engines and all kinds of steel windmills andsteel derricks, the Goold, Shapley & Muir Co makegalvanized steel flag staffs, wood and iron pumps ofall kinds, grain grinders, fanning mills, etc.

The company is under the management of a num-ber of the most progressive and public-spirited citizensof the Telephone City. The following constitute thedirectorate: E. L. Goold, president; Henry Yeigh,vice-president and treasurer; John Muir, manager ;W. H. Whitaker, secretary. Mr. Goold was presidentof the Brantford Board of Trade for the year 1897and is still an honored member of its council. Hewas also president of the Goold Bicycle Co. and bothhe and Mr. Muir have been identified with manyundertakings that have been set on foot during thepast few years for the improvement of the city, itstrade and people.

The Slingsby Mfg. Co., Limited.The manufacture of bed and horse blankets, flan-

nel sheetings, kersey cloths, yarns (both stocking andcarpet), Mackinaw and costume cloths has been car-ried on in Brantford under the name of Slingsby forsomething like thirty years. The business was takenover by the Slingsby Mfg. Co., Limited, on its incor-poration in 1893, and steps were immediately taken togreatly enlarge and improve the capacity of the mill.Up to that time it was only a two-sett mill. It is nowa seven-sett mill and the business has increased aboutfourfold. Formerly 400 pairs of blankets per week wasconsidered a fair amount of work to turn out, but now1,750 pairs are made every week. The mill is a three

GOOLD, SHAPLEY & MUIR CO.'S WORKS.

and one-half story brick building, 60 x 100 feet, withthree-story brick office and warehouse, 40 x 60 feet,besides smaller buildings. It is run by water powersupplied by the Grand River and is admittedly thelargest blanket mill in the Dominion, employing 125operatives.

The company has agents at Winnipeg and Victoria,B. C, and keeps six travellers on the road continually.A large portion of the output of the mill is sent to theKlondike, where the company has had a large tradefor a number of years, while the demand of the mar-

POST OFFICE.

kets nearer home are sufficiently large to tax thecapacity of the mill almost to the utmost. All thecompany's goods bear the registered trade mark inwhich the words "Brant Forde Brand" are con-spicuous.

The management of the company's affairs is inthe hands of a very strong directorate, viz.: FrankCockshutt, president; Wm. Watt, Sr., vice-president;Jno. R. Varey, secretary-treasurer; Chas. W. Bates,superintendent. They are men well known for theirstrong business qualities, whose names are coincidentwith the prosperity of the City of Brantford.

The Fuller Mfg. Co.The brass and iron works of the Fuller Mfg. Co.

on Dalhousie and Bridge streets is one of the solid andsubstantial concerns of Brantford. The business wasestablished in 1887 and has shown a strength anddevelopment equal to the leading industries of thecity. Mr. J. D. Fuller, the founder of the establish-ment, has been succeeded by his son, Mr. R. Fuller,the present manager, who is a native of the TelephoneCity and has been connected with the iron workinginterests from the beginning of his career. He isyoung and industrious and has the determination tomake the most of the opportunities that present them-selves with the development of the industrial life ofthe country. At the present time the works consist ofa large two-story brick machine shop, 80 x 35 feet,and moulding shops, covering altogether an area of140 x 140 feet. It has become necessary and Mr.Fuller intends at an early date to make considerableadditions to the premises.

The company builds all kinds of machinery toorder and has steam engines for sale. Machinery sup-plies are kept on hand to supply all reasonable re-quirements, and brass and iron castings are made toorder as required. The regular line of manufacturesin which the company is engaged includes portableforges, drilling machines, floor trucks, horse powers,bag holders and structural iron work. Soil pipes andfittings are also made, as well as brass taps and cocks,washers, pulleys, gears, shafting, etc.

The Fuller Mfg. Co. pays especial attention torepairs of all kinds and does a great deal of this workfor the leading manufacturers of the neighborhood,giving the earliest attention and the best of satisfac-tion to all who need such services.

SLINGSBY MFG. CO.'S MILL.

The Schultz Bros. Co., Limited.The wood-working trade is represented in Brant-

ford by one of the leading concerns in the country,which was incorporated in the year 1897 under thename of the Schultz Bros. Co., Limited, and suc-ceeded to the business established by Messrs. Georgeand William Schultz thirty years ago. The planingmills and factory occupy the major part of a block at35-59 Albion street, and are supplied with the finestmachinery that has ever been devised for the trade.Recently a special box-making plant has been in-stalled, which makes this equipment the best that theworld has. The company keeps a complete stock ofbuilding material for at least one dozen houses alwayson hand, and men and machinery are kept constantlyemployed making sash, doors, blinds, moulding, etc.,of standard sizes and patterns. Another departmentis devoted to the making of packing boxes of all de-scriptions, and a great deal of attention is devoted tothe manufacture of the celebrated Knoll double ac-tion washing machines, which took highest honors atthe World's Fair, Chicago. The other lines of wood-work turned out include hardwood mantles, grilles oforiginal designs, bank and store fixtures, desks,bookcases, wringers, clothes bars, ironing boards,crokinole boards, parlor croquet sets, dumb bells,Indian clubs, wheelbarrows, step-ladders, cisterntanks and flag poles.

The management of the company's affairs is inthe hands of the following gentlemen : George C.Schultz, president; Wm. D. Schultz, vice-president;J. F. Schultz, secretary-treasurer ; J. G. Allan, me-chanical superintendent ; J. A. Schultz, assistant me-chanical superintendent and George H. Tanton, super-intendent of outside building. The company keepsupward of three million feet of lumber and a largequantity of shingles and lath, besides a complete as-sortment of hardwood lumber, constantly in stock inthe lumber yard near the G. T. R. station, employsabout 150 men and does an annual business amount-ing to fully $300,000.

These operations are not, however, confined to thework of the factory and mills, because the companyalso carries on a very extensive building and contract-ing business. Indeed many of the most importantand costly buildings in the city were erected by thiscompany, including the hospital, house of refuge,Central school, Victoria school, the Farmers' Co-

14

BRANTFORD—INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES.

SCHULTZ BROS. CO.'S FACTORY.

operative Packing Co.'s buildings, the Adams WagonWorks, the Farmers' Binder Twine and BrantfordCarriage Co.'s factories and residences for Messrs.Geo. Heyd, W. R. Turnbull, James Sutherland, Fred.Chalcraft, E. B. Crompton, Geo. Watt, Frank Cock-shutt, Lloyd Harris, and many others.

The goods manufactured by the Schultz Bros. Co.are sent all over the world—to Great Britain, Aus-tralasia, China, Japan and South Africa—and in gen-eral demand in those countries, as they are all overthe Dominion of Canada.

Verity Plow Co., Limited.The name of " Verity " is familiar to all users of

tilling implements throughout Canada and is becom-ing as well known in all parts of the world wherethoroughly up-to-date and reliable implements areappreciated and required. The business was estab-lished by the late W. H. Verity in the year 1847 atExeter, in the county of Huron. Under his manage-ment the business was continued at that place untilthe year 1892, when it became necessary to seek alarger sphere, and the works were removed to Brant-ford and located on Wellington and Clarence streets.In 1897 still further enlargement became necessary,and the company's present factory was built onGreenwich street, but not until the old premises hadbeen destroyed by fire, a circumstance that probablyhastened the removal somewhat. It took nearlytwelve months to get the new factory in operationafter the fire, but the extent and perfection of theplant fully justified the time and expense that wasdevoted to it. The factory altogether occupies aboutseventeen acres of ground. The buildings aggregateover a third of a mile in length. There are severalstructures—the office buildings, of stone, three stories,60 x 210 feet; main shop, 56 x 750 feet; foundry,wood shops and engine rooms, 62 x 750 feet. Theequipment for the purpose of making high class plowsand scufflers is simply perfect, including numerousingenious devices for the production of perfect steelmouldboards, plow points, beams, etc., by the fuel oilprocess. The best tools and appliances are used ineach department, everything having been done tomake this the best equipped plow works in the world,and with the very best success.

The Verity works are located on the line of theT., H. & B. Ry. and has switches to the Grand TrunkSystem, and therefore enjoys the best facilities forshipping purposes. To ensure protection against firean elaborate system has been installed, by means ofwhich 1,500 gallons of water can be thrown on anypart of the factory every minute, for which purpose200,000 gallons are kept stored in the company's re-servoir, ready for use, and at a proper elevation tobe most serviceable. Electric light illuminates thepremises and heat is furnished in the shape of hot air,pumped into the different rooms by large fans sixteenfeet in diameter.

The company employs from 250 to 300 skilledmechanics throughout the entire year, and makes

fully $500,000 worth of implements each season.These goods are sold in England, Ireland, Scotland,Australia and South Africa special patterns beingmade to suit the requirements of the different coun-tries. The Verity company was awarded a grandgold medal at the Paris (France) Exposition, 1900,and at plowing matches in the Canadian Northwestin the month of June, 1900, captured 23 first prizes, 9second prizes and 4 third prizes, showing not alonethe popularity but the efficiency of the Verity plowsand their superiority over others.

The Verity Plow Co. is controlled and managedby W. E. H. Massey, president; W. J. Verity, vice-president and manager; W. G. Ranton, secretaryand treasurer; Percy E. Verity, superintendent.The company also manufactures spring wagons, seed-sowers, wheelbarrows, land rollers, etc. The Massey-Harris Co. are sole selling agents for all the Veritygoods.

The I. Simpson Mfg. Co., Limited.There are no goods that are known as '' Brantford

made " that have or are entitled to greater popularitythan the high-grade carriages manufactured by theI. Simpson Mfg. Co., Limited.

This enterprise was commenced in Mono Mills in1869 and moved to Brantford in 1884. It was incor-porated in 1895, and the executive officers are:I. Simpson, president and manager; W. C. Wilcox,vice-president, and R. T. Clark, secretary-treasurer.The company's factory is situate at the corner of Dal-housie street and Brant avenue, and consists of threebuildings, constructed of the white hard bricks forwhich Brantford is noted. The main building is fourstories high, 40 x 50 feet, and is devoted to offices, ship-ping room and warehouse, showrooms, varnishing andfinishing rooms and storehouse. The other buildingsare three and two-story and 38 x 55 and 40 x 60 res-pectively, and devoted to the blacksmith, painting,

I. SIMPSON MFG. CO.'S FACTORY.

fulness of this assertion. The catalogue issued by thecompany shows choice designs of surreys, phaetons,buggies, spring wagons, carts and cutters and a longlist of tops and extras that are kept constantly onhand. The company's business has increased withgreat rapidity during the past few years and it hasbeen necessary to refuse orders on some occasions.The business of the year 1900 was double that of 1899,and the present year shows a similar increase overthat of 1900. To meet this pressure upon the factorythe company is now replacing the 40 H. P. boiler thathas hitherto been found adequate with one of 60 H.P.and increasing the facilities all round, so that alldemands may be readily filled. The company hasa branch warehouse in Hamilton and ships to allparts of the Dominion.

GRAND RIVER FROM SLINGSBY MILLS.

machine and wood-working departments. There arethirty men employed in the factory and all are underthe personal superintendence of Mr. Simpson and hisassociates. Great care is taken with the iron work,which determines the durability of a carriage, and allthe forgings used in the Simpson vehicles are hand-forged in the factory. The company has the bestcircle in the market, uses body loops ¾ inch thick atshoulder and reach irons forged of the best Swedesiron—all these important parts being thus well pro-vided for. In the entire work the best material andworkmanship are employed, with a style and finishthat defy competition. The boast of the I. SimpsonCompany is that the carriages made in this factoryare built to wear and their customers attest the truth-

VERITY PLOW CO.'S WORKS.

Mathew K. Hallaron.It is fourteen years since Mathew K. Hallaron

started in business as a cigar manufacturer in Brant-ford and they have proven years of substantial suc-cess and prosperity, in which he has enjoyed thegood will of all sections of the community and takenan important part in the public affairs of the city. Hehas a spacious factory at 31 Colborne street, where heemploys a number of first-class cigar makers andmakes some choice brands of the fragrant weed. Hisleading lines are the Jewel, Spanish and Pantellas,which are popular with buyers of five cent goods, andthe Don Antonia, El Merito and La Flor de Habana,choice ten cent cigars. Mr. Hallaron prides himself,and with just cause, in having a thoroughly well con-ducted Union cigar factory, calculated to commendhis goods to consumers, and uses the best importedand domestic tobaccos in their manufacture. He hasa convenient retail store at 150 Colborne street, wherehe sells his own and no other cigars, with the leadingmakers' tobaccos and all the accessories required bythe users of tobacco, including pipes, pouches, etc., ofall kinds and at prices that appeal strongly to thetenderest place in a man's pocket, because they aresold at the lowest price for which they can profitablybe offered anywhere. Mr. Hallaron's smoking roomis the resort of all the choice spirits of the genus homo,where entertaining stories are told after the day'swork is over and the public questions are discussed,and many of them decided, to the satisfaction at leastof the habitues, among whom Mr. Hallaron's jovialcountenance and merry jest are leading attractions.

Mr. Hallaron is a native of Limerick, Ireland, andhe is a man who has seen the world in many phases.He has travelled a great deal and is familiar withmany places whose names convey no more idea thanstrange sounds in the ears of most people. He sits inthe City Council as Alderman for Ward No. 3, andthis is his sixth term in that office. He is Chairmanof the Fire, Light and Sewer Committee, and a mem-ber of the Hospital Board. He is a progressive andpublic spirited gentleman and an active promoter ofevery good work for the benefit of the city and itspeople.

Mr. Hallaron is recognized as the pioneer UnionLabor man in Brantford. He was president of theTrades and Labor Council of Brantford for four con-secutive years and Master Workman of the Knightsof Labor for two terms when that body numbered

15

16 THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

over 500 members in the city. He had a hand in theorganization of many of the local labor unions, theeffect of whose operations has been to largely increasethe wage of skilled mechanics and laborers, and whilehe is now an employer himself he has not abated onejot of his interest in the cause of labor or his desire toincrease the earning power of the working man andhis consequent ability to buy largely and live well.

J. S. Hamilton & Co.AND THE PELEE ISLAND WINE AND VINEYARDS CO.,

LIMITED.

The favor that is enjoyed at the present time byCanadian wines in the markets of the world is in agreat measure due to the excellent quality of thegoods offered to the public by the firm of J. S. Ham-ilton & Co., of Brantford and Pelee Island, and thepush and enterprise with which the firm have ex-ploited the various brands manufactured by them atPelee Island and aged and shipped from Brantford.

Mr J. S. Hamilton commenced to do business inthis city in 1871, and to-day, the firm of which he isthe head is one of the best known in the trade be-tween Halifax and Vancouver in Canada, besideshaving extensive trade connections in Great Britainand the West Indies. In 1873 Mr. Hamilton becameinterested in the vineyards of Pelee Islands, LakeErie, the most southerly point of the Dominion ofCanada Pelee Island had already shown particularadaptability for the cultivation of the vine on accountof its climate and fertile soil, From that time J. S.Hamilton & Co. controlled the entire product of thePelee Island vineyards, and the wine made there-from became well known and popular, increasing inflavor and quality each year.

The Pelee Island Wine & Vineyards Co., Limited,was organized in 1889, with Major Hamilton as presi-dent, and Mr. Wm. J. Aikens as secretary-treasurer,positions they occupy at the present time. A brandy

LANGLEY PARK, RESIDENCE OF MAJOR J. S. HAMILTON, FROM GRAND RIVER.

" St. Augustine," which is specially recommended bybishops and clergy, and is used exclusively in a greatmajority of the Canadian churches. A large quan-tity is shipped to the West Indies, and the companyhas found it necessary to protect the brand nameagainst unscrupulous dealers, who were inclined tosubstitute for it cheap and inferior wines. The com-pany also makes a high grade unfermented grapejuice, which is used largely in Baptist and Methodistchurches.

Major Hamilton is not only a successful man ofbusiness —as is shown by his management of the winebusiness and its development—but a leader in thegeneral progress of the city. He is president of theBrantford Board of Trade, a body that has done con-siderable good work for the city, in which his adviceand co-operation has proved exceedingly valuable.

Major Hamilton was a member of the first CityCouncil of Brantford, and commanded F company of

of the important institutions of the Telephone City.The business was originally undertaken by theMessrs. Fowler in a small factory on Albion andRichmond streets, but soon outgrew its first home.although additions were made to the premises untilthere was no longer room for further enlargement,when the present factory on Elgin street was ac-quired. The business is carried on under the nameof the Brantford Box Co., John F. Ellis, of Toronto,and C. A. Butterworth being the partners in the con-cern, while Mr. Butterworth is the active manager.

The Brantford Box Factory, as the establishmentis called, consists of two buildings, each 40 x 70 feetand devoted, respectively, to cigar box and and paperbox making, besides offices and other buildings.There are about 70 people employed in the factory,and the output reaches in the aggregate several mil-lion boxes per annum. The trade has increasedabout four-fold during the past five years, and al-

SOUTH CELLAR J. S. HAMILTON & CO., PELEE ISLAND. LANGLEY PARK, RESIDENCE OF MAJOR J. S. HAMILTON.

distillery was added to the plant of the Company atCognac, Pelee Island, in 1891, and the brandy madethere came immediately into public favor, and J. S.Hamilton & Co.'s brandy is to-day in demandthroughout Canada. In 1894 still another branchwas added for the manufacture of champagne, underthe superintendence of an expert from the celebratedEpernay district in France, and this was perhapsthe boldest and most important step made in the his-tory of the company. Pelee Island champagne wasfirst placed on the market in 1898, under the brandof " L'Empereur," and soon acquired an excellentreputation as a high-class champagne. Two classesof champagne are made, Sec and Extra Dry, the lat-ter being most commonly called for. The companymakes a specialty of the manufacture of wine forsacramental purposes, under the registered name of

the Dufferin Rifles for three years, he then went onthe staff of the regiment as paymaster, and occupies awarm place in the esteem of his fellow officers, themen of the regiment and citizens generally. In con-nection with the School Board, the City Council, theSouthern Fair Board, the Dufferin Rifles and theBoard of Trade, Major Hamilton has a good record,and, with other enterprising merchants and manufac-turers of Brantford, has done his share in makingBrantford the prosperous city it is to-day.

The Brantford Box Co.The box-making industry has been thriving in

Brantford for the past twenty years, and is now one

though it is only three years since an additional wingwas built on to the factory, a further enlargement ofthe premises is contemplated at an early date. Inaddition to making cigar and paper boxes, the com-pany executes label printing and embossing in themost approved styles, and deals in fancy and enamelpapers, cardboards, wood and straw boards, fancylace papers, cigar-box ribbons, labels, knives, molds,tuck cutters, etc. Mr. Butterworth's management ofthe affairs of the company has been characterized byprompt, business-like methods, and has contributedlargely to the success that has been attained, whilethe quality of the company's goods is sufficient torecommend them to every one that requires conveni-ences of the kind for business purposes.

Photo by Walker, Brantford. GRAND RIVER VALLEY FROM LANGLEY PARK.

Hawthorne Bros.A very substantial bicycle manufactory and re-

pair shop is conducted in Brantford under the nameof Hawthorne Bros., at 76 Dalhousie street. Thisfirm has been doing business for the past five years.It is at present controlled by Mr. Wm. George Haw-thorne, his brother, Mr. James Hawthorne havingrecently withdrawn from the business. They com-menced in a small way and in smaller premises, andhave gradually built up a good trade, and now em-ploy about half a dozen men in their workshop. Theymake the "Hawthorne" bicycle, which is a thor-oughly reliable wheel that sells for $40 cash, and theyare called upon to make about fifty each season tosupply their customers. The machinery and facili-ties of the firm comprise the most improved styles ofmachinery and a good bake oven for enamelling,which is done on the premises in the best style.

Hawthorne Bros, make a specialty of bicycle re-pairing and carry a complete stock of the numerous" sundries " that are required in this trade. Theysell all kinds of tires—Dunlop, G. & J., Morgan &Wright, Goodrich, Good Flex and Hartford—and theirrepair shop is really one of the best equipped in thecountry.

BRANTFORD INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES.

Photo by Walker, Brantford. JUBILEE TERRACE, ARMORY AND LORNE BRIDGE.

Canada Cycle and Motor Company, Limited.The factories of the Canada Cycle and Motor

Company, Limited, are without doubt the largest un-der the British flag. The following particulars re-lating to their works at Toronto Junction, Brantfordand Hamilton, convey some vague idea of their im-mensity, and are therefore interesting at this juncture.Floor space of works at Toronto Junction, 127,000square feet; Brantford works, 80,000 square feet;Hamilton works, 60,000 square feet ; number of me-chanics employed, 960; horse power in daily use,550 ; estimated length of tubing used annually, 200miles; estimated number of balls, 6,000,000; esti-mated number of miles of spoke wire, 511 ; estimatednumber of feet of wood, 450,000; estimated numberof hides for saddles, 4,000 ; estimated amount of steel,2,000,000 pounds ; estimated amount of rubber, 150,-000 pounds; estimated amount of canvas, 40,000pounds.

Cleveland, Brantford, Massey-Harris, WellandVale, Columbia, Crescent and Tribune bicycles havebeen the popular mounts for years in this country,the sale of each in the past exceeding those of theirlargest competitors, Each year they have led inmaterial, workmanship and improvements that havewon for them the praise and patronage of the public.

The Canada Cycle and Motor Company, Limited,is a combination of factory plants and capital whichcannot help but achieve great results, directed as it is by

The Farmers' Co-operative Packing Co.of Brantford, Limited.

The principles of co-operation have been success-fully adapted to the handling of pork, chickens anddairy products by the Farmers' Co-operative PackingCo. of Brantford, Limited. The organization of thiscompany was due to the exertions of Mr. JosephStratford. It was incorporated on October 6, 1899,and is supported by thousands of farmers scatteredthroughout Ontario. The capital stock of the com-pany has been fixed at $300 000, divided into 15,000shares of $20 each, and limited to ten shares for eachshareholder, thus giving a very large number of peo-ple an opportunity to profit by the full benefit of co-operation.

The directors of the company are elected annuallyby the shareholders. The official members of theboard at the present time are : Wm. Lloyd Jones,president; D. Burt, vice-president; George Harris,secretary-treasurer; C. F. Hodges, manager. Mr.Hodges only recently came over from England toundertake the management of the factory and busi-

CANADA CYCLE AND MOTOR CO.'s TORONTO JUNCTION FACTORY.

ness of the company. He is an expert in all branchesof the packing business, having been trained in thebest houses of the old country. He brought withhim several experts from Ireland, most of whom hadbeen twenty years in the business.

The company's factory is located at West Brant-ford, and consists of a four-story brick building, 175x 87 feet, besides the lard house, smoke houses, en-gine and boiler room, which cover a space half aslarge again as the main building, with a very fineequipment of packing-house machinery. The re-frigerating plant was built by the Linde British Re-frigerator Co., of Montreal, and consists of the mostimproved machinery, all made in Canada. It is aduplex plant, having a capacity equal to the meltingof 120 tons of ice per day, and the company is there-fore able to take care of an almost unlimited amountof produce. The company's plant has a capacitycapable of dealing with 4,000 hogs per week. Anumber of commodious cottages have been erectedby the company contiguous to the packing-house forthe accommodation of the employees.

The company has agencies all over the Dominion.J. & W. Courtenay, of London, England, have beenappointed sole agents for the company in GreatBritain, and up to the present time the company'sgoods have realized the highest prices paid for Ca-nadian goods in England.

CANADA CYCLE AND MOTOR CO.'S BRANTFORD FACTORY.

a coterie of the best known men in the Canadian finan-cial and mechanical worlds. The Company, in ad-dition to paying close attention to the Canadian trade,also has an immense export business, sending bicyclesto Australia, New Zealand, India, Japan, SouthAfrica, France, Germany, Great Britain and otherEuropean countries. This strengthens the Company'sposition incalculably, for, making bicycles and partsin immense quantities, and with an experienced staffin charge of their foreign department continuallyopening up new avenues of trade, they are enabledto furnish goods which it is beyond the power of anyother Canadian manufacturer to duplicate at theprices of the C. C. & M. Co.

In addition to bicycles, the company has lately puton the market a wide range of motor vehicles, includ-ing gasoline, steam and electric. The Post OfficeDepartment in connection with the city of Torontouses ten of these vehicles—seven of them being gasolineand three steam. A number of delivery wagons havealso been sold to various business houses in Torontoand elsewhere. While the development of the motorvehicle trade is slow, there is no doubt but that it willeventually assume very large proportions. FARMERS' CO-OPERATIVE PACKING CO.'S FACTORY.

17

18 THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

BRANTFORD VARNISH WORKS

Scarfe & Co.The Brantford Varnish Works has the reputation

of making the best varnishes, oil finish, shelacs andjapans that are produced in the Province of Ontario,and such as cannot be improved upon by any factoryin the Dominion. The works occupy half an acre ofground. The buildings are all of brick, and theequipment is the best that could be obtained. A setof three tanks, for oil and turpentine, is lo-cated underneath the main building. These are filledby rolling barrels along a platform to the receiver,and the contents of the tanks are subsequently re-moved by means of a force pump. Choice gums arestored in one end of the building, and in the centrethe kettles are operated by an outside force draft,each having a separate chimney to prevent the possi-bility of fire contact. The filter presses, of the mostimproved kind, are located in the western room,where the cooling and filtering processes are per-formed, and the japanning room is in the rear of themain building. The kettles are all carried on trucks,and the front building is fitted up with perpendicularoil tanks of the most useful pattern.

The company's trade has increased fully 100 percent, during the last five years, and now extends allover the Dominion, three travellers being employed

furriers are employed making up choice furs in thelatest fashions for ladies and gentlemen, which areshown in great variety on the second floor. The storeis stocked with hats and caps from the best makersof Europe and America, suited to all occasions andthe most conservative as well as the most fastidioustaste, in which style and quality are the prominentfeatures.

Everything in the line of furs shown in the Demp-ster establishment is manufactured on the premises,and the rarest and most beautiful furs are kept onhand to supply the requirements of the trade and givecustomers the opportunity to select those that suitthem best. All the current fashion plates and jour-nals relating to the business that are published inFrance and America are likewise kept on hand to showthe prevailing styles and enable purchasers to havetheir furs made according to the patterns of theirchoice. Everything that is manufactured is of thebest, in material, workmanship, fit and fashion, andthis is no doubt the reason that there is a large andgrowing demand for the Dempster goods all overCanada. The designing department is the specialfeature of this establishment, which is manifest inall the goods.

George Glassco.The Sign of the Polar Bear is the emblem that dis-

tinguishes the business of Mr. George Glassco, the furmanufacturer, who is located at 114 Colborne streetand conducts the establishment that was founded in1849 by his father, Mr. Thomas Glassco, and which isone of the landmarks of the City of Brantford. Mr.Glassco was born in Toronto and is of English descent.His father was one of the Aldermen of Brantford inthe early days and filled the office of Tax Collector forover twenty years.

Mr. Glassco makes a specialty of fine sable furs,for which he has a high reputation throughout thecountry. He occupies a large store, 25 x 100 feet,and employs about eight skilled "hands" making upfurs the year around. He buys beaver, bear, red andcross fox, lynx, mink, muskrat, otter, racoon andskunk skins taken in all parts of Canada, for which hepays the highest market price. These he manufac-tures into fur garments in the most skillful and artisticmanner.

Photo by Walker, Brantford. VIEW FROM TULKA HEIGHTS.

to look after it. The company also has an agency inWinnipeg.

Mr. Reginald Scarfe is the general manager ofthe concern, and has made a great success of hiswork. He is a native of Brantford, and—like thevast majority of his fellow-citizens—enthusiastic inearnest activity in all things that can be counted onto promote the general welfare.

Dempster.While there are several houses in Brantford that

carry hats, caps and furs among their stock, there isone that is pre-eminent in this line and that bears aname that is familiar to every person who knows thecity. This is Dempster, of 8 Market street, whosetrade is not confined to Brantford, but extends overthe whole of Western Canada and is one of the best

Mr. Glassco's trade extends to all parts of theDominion. He sells to retailers and private customers.a great number of whom are resident in the UnitedStates. Everything that is sold in this way is manu-factured specially by Mr. Glassco to meet the require-ments of the trade, which amounts to many thousanddollars annually.

H. B. Gardner.The cigar factory at present carried on by Mr. H.

B. Gardner at 9 King street, has been in operation forupward of thirty years. During all that time Mr.Gardner has been connected with the business, firstas manager for Mr. Cornell, then in partnership withhim, and during the past seventeen years on his ownaccount. Mr. Gardner is a thoroughly practicaltobacco man. His factory is a union shop. It isheated by steam, lighted by gas and has every detailarranged and carried out in the best possible manner.

known and most popular, too The business has beencarried on for the past twenty-five years and is at thesame time a thoroughly modern and up-to-date con-cern . The premises occupied by the firm consist of asubstantial three-story brick building, 25 x 75 feet,which is the scene of considerable activity the yeararound. In the factory on the third floor fifteen expert

Mr. Gardner's leading brands are: Royal Crest,Battle Queen and Iroquois, 10 cents ; Clansman,Ontario, Erin-Go-Bragh and Red Bird, five cents.They are all well made, sound, good smokers andpopular.

Mr. Gardner is a native of Brantford and one whoreflects great credit on the city of his nativity as abusiness man and a citizen and one who has likewisedone a good deal to popularize the goods that areknown as " Brantford made," which is a mark thatcommands respect in every market in the Dominion.

Financial InterestsRoyal Loan & Savings Co.

The Royal Loan & Savings Company is one ofthe leading and most favorably known of the finan-cial institutions of Brantford and the County ofBrant. It was organized in the year 1876 by a few ofthe prominent men of Brantford to meet a need muchfelt at that time, viz., for a place where money couldbe borrowed on mortgage at a reasonable rate of in-terest, without unnecessary delay and expense, andwhere people could invest their savings and surplusfunds safely and receive a fair rate of interest. Itbegan business in June, 1876, with a subscribed capi-tal of about $50,000, and from the start received the

I'M A CLANSMAN.Twenty men are kept employed in the factory. Mr.Gardner does his own travelling and has a large andlucrative trade throughout the country.

confidence and support of the public, and its growthwas rapid and continuous, as the following statementshows :

Dec 31st, Dec. 31st, Dec. 31st,1880. 1890. 1900.

Capital paid up $215,500 $496,500 $500,000Deposits and Debentures 213,000 678,000 717,000Reserve Fund 11,000 90,500 105,000Investments 442,000 1,191,000 1,300,500

In its savings department the company receivesmoney on deposit in sums of $1.00 and upwards, andallows interest from the day it is received, and ondebentures in sums of $100.00 or upwards for two or

BRANTFORD—FINANCIAL INTERESTS.

more years, and allows interest at the rate of 4 percent, per annum, payable half yearly. This depart-ment has always been very popular, as the largenumber of names of depositors and debenture holderson its books, representing from the smallest amountsup to many thousands of dollars, clearly shows.With its paid-up capital of half a million of dollars,and reserve fund of over one hundred thousand dol-lars, or six hundred thousand dollars in all, as aguarantee for the repayment of their money, the se-curity of the depositors and debenture holders is be-yond question amply sufficient.

Money is loaned on first mortgages on city andfarm property, and municipal and other bonds, andthe greatest care is exercised in the selection of ap-plications for loans, particularly in regard to thelocation and condition of the property and the char-acter and thrift of the applicant. While security isalways the first consideration, the rates of interestcharged borrowers are in no case above the currentrate; and it has ever been the object of the directorsin putting through loans to keep the expenses at thelowest possible figure, and in many instances theywill be found to be less than would be charged byprivate parties.

The following constitute the present board of di-rectors and management, all of whom are, financially,largely interested in the company, and give theclosest personal attention to all the details of thebusiness: Dr. James W. Digby, president; Christo-pher Cook (of Harris, Cook & Co.), vice-president ;C. B. Heyd, M. P., William Watt, A. J. Wilkes, K.C , John C. Mann, John F. McLaren, and Messrs.Brewster, Muirhead and Heyd, Solicitors. R. S.Schell has occupied the position of manager since1879 and is thoroughly acquainted with all the busi-ness of the company, and gives it his closest per-attention with the help of trained and experiencedassistants. The company occupies handsome officesat the corner of Dalhousie and George streets.

Harris, Cook & Company.The value of a strong and influential banking con-

cern that has its special interests in a community can-not be over estimated in a consideration of the ad-vantages enjoyed by the industrial and commercialinstitutions, to which by the very closeness of its re-lations and the peculiar knowledge that this gives ofthe requirements and possibilities offered from time totime, such an institution is able to render very con-

Photo by Walker, Brantford. OX BOW BEND FROM CAINSVILLE.

and judicial proceedings, and are in a position to givesafe and reliable advice and assistance in all financialoperations.

The business men of Brantford have already foundthe advantage of having a purely local banking andfinancial institution like that of Messrs. Harris, Cook& Co in their midst and the firm is evidently destinedto play an important part in the future developmentand prosperity of the Telephone City.

S. G. Read.The life and activity of Mr. S. G. Read is closely

entwined in the history of Brantford. His father wasthe first school teacher in the village, and as he wasborn here in 1843, he has been a witness of the manysuccesses that have been achieved in the steady growthand development of the city, and he has not been asilent witness or mere onlooker, but contributedvery largely to its prosperity himself. Mr. Readbegan business as a real estate agent in the city in theyear 1870, when the advantages of this kind of activitywere hardly understood in the community. After afew years' perseverance, however, the confidence ofthe people was secured as it was seen that Mr. Readmade it evident that his knowledge of real estate val-

MOHAWK PARK.

siderable aid toward the development of existing in-dustries and the establishment of new ones, and thusbecome the life-spring of progress in the place. Withthis object in view the firm of Harris, Cook & Co.commenced business in Brantford about a year agoand have already taken first rank as one of the finan-cial pillars of the community. The members of thefirm are Lloyd Harris and Christopher Cook. Theformer is a son of the late John Harris, the first presi-dent of the old firm of A. Harris, Son & Co., whichwas amalgamated with the Massey-Harris Co., Limit-ed, in which Mr. Harris has a large interest. He isalso vice-president of the Manufacturers' Life Assur-ance Co., of Toronto, and managing director of theUnderfeed Stoker Co. of America, with offices inChicago, Boston and New York, in the UnitedStates, and Toronto, Canada. Mr. Harris is a nativeof Brantford and has been closely connected with itsmanufacturing and commercial interests during thewhole of his business career. Mr. Cook came toBrantford in 1886 as manager of the Standard Bank,with which he had a very successful and profitableconnection until the present firm was formed. To-gether they are interested in many of the leading in-stitutions of the city. They are connected with andhave a place on the board of directors of the Brant-ford Packing Co., the Brantford Starch Co., the BowPark Co., the Chalcraft Screw Co. and the RoyalLoan & Savings Co.

Their long experience in financial matters and thehigh esteem that their abilities and achievements havewon for them in the past give Messrs. Harris, Cook &Co. the unstinted confidence and a large share of thebusiness of the foremost people of Brantford. Theyare in close touch with bankers and brokers in To-ronto and Montreal and therefore in a position toobtain the safest and best securities for inventors andto negotiate loans and finance undertakings thatshow the prospect of safe investment to the best ad-vantage. They have the command of choice invest-ments that yield remunerative incomes and also havelarge sums entrusted to them for investment. Whileundertaking the care of their clients' capital andassuring its safe investment, Messrs. Harris, Cook &Co. pay interest at the rate of 4 per cent, on all moneydeposited with them. They buy and sell stocks,bonds, debentures, mortgages, etc., and act as ex-ecutors, trustee, assignee, etc., under wills, deeds

ues and the best way to care for and develop the in-terests of those who entrusted their affairs to his handswas crowned with the success his energy and perse-verance entitled him to, and he soon developed thelargest and most important agency of the kind in thispart of the country.

Mr. Read also devoted himself largely to the publicaffairs of the city and in 1881 was elected by acclama-tion as Alderman for Queen's Ward, the place ofresidence of the merchants, lawyers, doctors, clergy-men, capitalists and the leading citizens. He wasreturned at the head of the poll year after year and aschairman of the Finance Committee for a long periodmade his mark as one of the most diligent and pro-ficient public servants the city ever had. He was amember of the City Council for ten successive yearsand was elected Mayor in January, 1890, and againin 1891, when he retired for a time from public ser-vice, only to re-enter the field again in 1898 and re-peat his former indefatigable labors, undeterred byhis increasing years and extensive private operations.

Mr. Read still carries on the real estate business,and is one of the best known and most successful auc-

tioneers in the country. He also does a good busi-ness and makes a specialty of organizing and dis-posing of the stock of joint stock companies and al-ways has a good list of investments to offer to thepublic. Besides these operations, Mr. Read sellspianos, organs and sewing machines for the leadingmakers at his elegant and spacious warehouse on Col-borne street, and is altogether a man whom any com-munity would be proud to own as a citizen.

J. P. Hemphill.A long course of experience in connection with the

real estate and financial interests of the Brantforddistrict has qualified Mr. J. P. Hemphill to undertakeall kinds of operations in connection therewith andsecured an extensive circle of clients. He originallycame to Brantford in 1879 as Secretary of the Y. M.C. A. Subsequently Mr. Hemphill was bookkeeperfor Mr. W. E. Welding for six years and with Slater'sWincey Mill for five years. He then returned to Mr.Welding and remained with him until he sold hispottery to the Brantford Stoneware Mfg. Co., of whichhe was secretary-treasurer for two years. In 1896Mr. Hemphill organized the firm of Hemphill &Bullock (now Bullock & Eddy) and on the dissolutionof that partnership devoted himself for about a yearto the organization of various industrial concerns.From that time Mr. Hemphill has been acting as areal estate, insurance and general financial agent fora considerable clientele. He is appraiser for theCanada Permanent and Western Canada MortgageCorporation, of Toronto, which lends money on im-proved farms and productive city, town and villageproperty on the most advantageous terms. He alsorepresents the Union Patent & Investment Co. ofDetroit, Mich., which gives encouragement and assist-ance to inventors in Canada, the United States andforeign countries, selling patent rights, organizingcompanies, etc.

Mr. Hemphill's business is rapidly increasing. Heis highly esteemed as a valuator and auditor by allwho have occasion to employ him in these capacitiesand has a large and valuable connection that enableshim to carry out any matter relating to finances orreal estate promptly and satisfactorily. He representsa number of important insurance companies and un-dertakes the management of property, renting, collect-ing and general supervision, to the entire satisfactionof his clients, whose names are legion.

Bullock & Eddy.The real estate, insurance and financial interests

of the City of Brantford call forth the best exertionsof some of the leading men of the community, whohave devoted themselves to the management andpromotion of affairs of this kind. Messrs. Bullock &Eddy, 207 Colborne street, are among the most pro-minent men in this business. The members of thefirm—F. J. Bullock and E. B. Eddy—are both na-tives of Brant county, and have been engaged infinancial operations for about twenty years. Theirpartnership dates from the year 1896, and has provena happy combination for themselves and their clients,who are exceedingly numerous and important in theaggregate of the transactions involved.

Messrs. Bullock & Eddy undertake the various de-tails of real estate management, buying, selling,renting and raising loans at the lowest rate of inter-est. They represent some of the oldest and mostresponsible insurance companies of Great Britain,

MARKET AND CITY HALL.

19

20 THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA

Canada and the United States, and are able to offerthe most satisfactory kinds of insurance in all itsbranches at the lowest rates obtainable.

As financial brokers Messrs. Bullock & Eddy havethe confidence of a large number of wealthy people,and consequently are able to lend immediate aid. toall sound propositions necessitating the employmentof capital. They have successfully organized a num-ber of industrial undertakings, and their advice andassistance is eagerly sought and highly valued byboth borrowers and capitalists, and their knowledgeand experience in real estate and financial mattersprove invaluable to all who employ them.

Trade and CommerceGeorge Foster & Sons.

Mr. George Foster, the head of the present firm ofGeorge Foster & Sons, commenced business in Brant-ford as a retail grocer about forty-five years ago, andis thus one of the oldest merchants in the city. Hecontinued for many years upon the lines originallyundertaken, until he gradually developed an extensivejobbing trade, including the handling of grain andother farm produce, which ultimately became a veryimportant branch of the undertaking. The new firmconsists of Mr. George Foster himself still active anddevoted to the strenuous purposes of his life—and hisson and son-in-law, Messrs. F. M. Foster and A. G.Olive.

The warehouse of the firm at 143 Colborne streetwas erected some twenty-five years ago, when thepremises originally occupied, next door, had becometoo small for the greatly increased trade. There isperhaps no firm engaged in the wholesale grocerytrade that is better known throughout Western On-tario than George Foster & Sons. Their business isvery extensive and continues to increase quite rapidly.They are importers and packers of the fragrant "Mag-nolia," Ceylon and "Golden Leaf " Japan teas, whichare exceedingly popular with those who appreciate aclean, wholesome and invigorating beverage of thekind that these choice growths make. They importlarge quantities of European, Asiatic and Americanproducts in quantities that enable them to quoteexceedingly low prices to their customers and givethe best that money can buy, and handle all the sta-ple and fancy goods that are required to make up afirst-class grocery stock.

Mr. George Foster is president of the BrantfordStarch Works, and occupies an eminent place in theesteem of his contemporaries on account of his charac-ter, though he never sought to shine in the glare ofpublic life or the notoriety that has often been at-tempted to be thrust upon him.

Turnbull, Howard & Co.The corner of King and Colborne streets now

occupied by the hardware store of Turnbull, Howard& Co. was for many years the hub of the town ofBrantford and fifty years ago was the site of the oldStrobridge & Botham general store. The hardwarebusiness was started by Mr. E. L. Goold and his part-ner, Mr. James Agnew, in a store only half the size ofthe present building, thirty years ago. Alter Mr.Agnew's death and Mr. Goold became associated withthe Wisner foundry the business was carried on bythe firm of Knowles & Nott. Mr. W. R. Turnbulljoined the firm when Mr. Knowles retired to go intothe Goold Bicycle Co. and the business was carriedon under the name of Nott & Turnbull until Mr. Nottretired three years ago and Mr. Turnbull was joined byhis present partners, Messrs. F. A. Howard and M. E.B. Cutcliffe. They are all young and active men andnatives of Brant County. Mr. Howard was for yearsone of the most successful travellers for the GooldBicycle Co. and Mr. Cutcliffe has become familiarwith every detail of the hardware business during alengthy service in the house in which he is now thejunior partner.

Turnbull, Howard & Co.'s store was remodeled ata cost of several thousand dollars about ten years agoand is now a splendid solid brick building three storieshigh and measures 25 x 140 feet. It is one of the mostattractive and up-to-date establishments of its kind inWestern Ontario and is stocked with a large and com-plete assortment of Hardware, house furnishings,glass, paints, oils and kindred articles, besides a fullline of the Happy Though stoves and ranges manu-factured by the Wm. Buck Stove Co. These goodsare acknowledged to be the finest that can be madeand the fact that Turnbull, Howard & Co. have the

J. & J. SUTHERLAND'S STORE.exclusive agency for Buck's stoves is an importantelement in their business that cannot be overlooked.They are also agents for the celebrated Stransky-Steel Ware, which is pronounced by the most com-petent authorities to be the best kind of coated warefor culinary purposes and much more durable thanother makers' imitations of it. The firm also has theagency for the Brantford district for James Robertson& Co.'s paints, Brantford Refrigerators, Gendronchildren's' carriages, etc.

Turnbull, Howard & Co. employ a large staff ofmen in their tinsmiths' shop and do a large amountof work in this line, especially in making and puttingup metal ceilings and roofs, gutters, eavestroughs, etc.

Mr. Turnbull has served with considerable dis-tinction in the city council and, with his partners, isboth active and popular in the public and social func-tions of the city.

The Big 22 Clothing House.Mr. J. Stanley, the Brantford clothing manufac-

turer, who carries on business at the establishmentbearing the above name, commenced in 1884 as ageneral drygoods, clothing and millinery house. Thestore is situated in the hub of the city, opposite themarket. Within the space of about eight years Mr.Stanley doubled the extent of the distinctive clothingfeature of his business, and now devotes his entiretime and large establishment to the needs of a gen-eral clothing and mens' furnishing trade. Carrying,as he does, one of the largest clothing and furnish-ing stocks in Western Ontario, and the largest in

TURNBULL, HOWARD & CO.'S STORE.

J. STANLEY.

Brantford, and for the past seventeen years doing anever increasing business, extending as far as Van-couver, on the Pacific Coast, Mr. Stanley is consid-ered a leader in the clothing trade of Canada. Henot only buys from the best mills and largest manu-facturers in Canada and imports largely from GreatBritain, but also manufactures many of his leadinglines of ready-to-wear clothing on his premises. Thisis especially the case with his famous brand of " NewStandard" clothing. Mr. Stanley carries an im-mense stock of imported woollens for his order de-partment, and at the rear of his large store is situatedan extensive, well-regulated, Union tailor shop andcutting rooms, where his staff of cutters and tailorsare employed all the year round. The rapid growthof this well-known business has involved the em-ployment of many more clerks, and there are nowemployed about double the number engaged a fewyears ago. The extent of this business may be judgedby the fact that the number of people employed andthe amount of money paid out for salaries, wages andcurrent expenses is as great as in some factoriesbonused by the city. The local distribution of thislarge amount of money means great benefit to thepeople and City of Brantford. The Big 22 ClothingHouse occupies an imposing situation right in the

heart of the city, and extends from Colborne streetalmost to the canal. The premises are well lightedand, large as they are, the room that is available isnot nearly large enough for the immense stock thatis carried. The store front boasts of the largest showwindows in the city, and attractive window displaysare a conspicuous feature of Colborne street. Thesuccess of this house is a marked proof of what maybe accomplished by honest methods in business, com-bined with push and ability.

Most Deceiving.The most deceiving establishment in Brantford

from an exterior or outside point of view is that of J.& J. Sutherland, in the Merchants' Exchange building—Cockshutt's block. It is deceiving because from itsstreet entrance or appearance no one, unless ac-quainted, would over dream that its narrow and un-assuming front inclosed such large and handsomepremises or to find the interior filled, as it is, fromstreet to street with such an array of handsome goodsas those imported by this firm direct from England,Austria, France, Germany, Italy and the UnitedStates, comprising new and beautiful specimens ofart bric-a-brac, choice china-ware, handsome Frenchbronzes, Italian marbles, Austrian terra cottas, Tep-litz figures, busts, vases and ornaments, Royal Bonnjardiniers, vases and decorated table and mantlepieces, as well as fine Limoges, Sevres and manyother of the Royal lines of china and porcelain, eachwith its own factory mark, besides the beautiful Aus-trian cut and gold-filled glass so popular for weddinggifts, gold clocks, hall and parlor clocks, parlor lamps,sterling silver goods, French ebony goods, toiletarticles, pictures, choice books, Crane's fine lines ofcorrespondence and wedding stationery, domesticand imported leather goods. All of these things areon the first floor show room, as seen in the accom-panying illustration. The second floor is devoted towall paper, room mouldings, window shades—whichare made here—and kindred lines. The third flooris divided into store rooms for different kinds of sur-plus stock, and for packing the dainty articles of artreferred to. Above this is the bindery flat, for J. & JSutherland manufacture blank books and do a generalbook-binding business, making ledgers, cash booksand office diaries for the leading manufacturers,offices and banks in and around Brantford. The fifthfloor is a general store room and the basement is usedas a packing room for the jobbing trade and for thestorage of such heavy goods as Stafford's, Stephen's,Carter's and Underwood's inks, mucilage, slates,slate pencils, etc.

In modeling their store Messrs. Sutherland pro-vided specially for the convenience of their patronswho desire to make selection of articles for presenta-tion by having many modern conveniences andappliances put in and by the general arrangement ofthe goods in show cases, shelves, counters and tables,and the store is thus an innovation in store-keepingthat is greatly appreciated by its throngs of shoppersand sightseers, while the high quality of the hand-some attractive goods and the moderate prices askedtell the story of this firms ever increasing business for" Sutherlands " has been one of the conspicuous land-marks of the business portion of Brantford for up-wards of half a century.

A. J. Mitchell."The Ark" is the name given to the establish-

ment of C. J. Mitchell, who has made it so deservedlypopular through his untiring energy and affable man-ners to in every way serve his hundreds of customersto the very best of his ability. It is the headquartersin Brantford for bicycles and sporting goods, and weassert, without fear of contradiction, that Mr. Mitchellenjoys the confidence and patronage of almost alllovers of sport in the city and vicinity, also a verylarge share of cyclists.

Mr. Mitchell commenced business eight years agoin a small shop with one boy as a working force. Henow employs TO mechanics the year round, and has awell equipped shop with the most up-to-date ma-

BRANTFORD—MERCHANTS, IMPORTERS, ETC. 21

Chinery ; being a practical machinist all work is donunder his own personal supervision.

Mr. Mitchell is agent for the Cleveland bicycle, andsells several hundred each season ; his stock of tiresand tubes, and bicycle sundries is complete. Guns,ammunition, in fact all lines of sporting goods arekept constantly on hand.

To accommodate his patrons he lets out for HINEboth wheels and guns at reasonable charges.

Ryerson Bros.The export and import trade in fruits, nuts, oys-

ters and fish is not the least important of the manybranches of commerce carried on by the merchants ofBrantford. It is principally in the hands of RyersonBros., of 42 and 44 Colborne street, who began to dothis kind of business as long ago as 1885 and devotedthemselves exclusively to the wholesale trade in 1854.Their warehouse and store is a large brick building,three stories high, and measuring 40 x 50 feet. Theyhave all the necessary conveniences for taking care ofthe produce that is consigned to them. They handleall kinds of foreign fruits and produce that can be dis-posed of in the Canadian markets, paying special at-tention to the orange, lemon and banana trade, andalso all those of domestic production that are in de-mand in either the home or American markets. Theybuy and sell and ship for the account alike of growers,dealers and merchants, and have a long list of regularcorrespondents on both sides of the boundary withwhom they carry on business from year to year.Messrs. F. W. and R. E. Ryerson, the members ofthis firm, are natives of Brant county, and after manyyears' connection with the produce business find them-selves in the prime of life at the head of an exceeding-ly profitable undertaking. They are both membersof the Board of Trade and stand high in the estima-tion of the leading people of the community, havingmade for themselves a splendid record as men of bus-iness and thoroughly reliable merchants. Mr. R. E.Ryerson represents Ward One in the City Council,this being the third term he has been elected at thehead of the polls for this office. He is an activeworker in all the public affairs of the city and contrib-utes not a little to the businesslike character of theproceedings and the excellent results that are derivedfrom a business man taking part in municipal affairs.

Grafton & Co.The manufacture of clothing as carried on by the

firm of Grafton & Co. commands the respect andpatronage of a large proportion of the Canadianpeople and their store at 144 Colborne street occupies

J. B. GRAFTON. CAPT. J. J. GRAFTON

the leading place in the clothing trade of Brantford.The specially of this firm is high-grade, Union-madegoods and the store always presents an exceedinglyattractive appearance, first on account of the goodquality, fashionable designs and good workmanshipthat are displayed and secondly by reason of the lowprices that are asked. The consequence is that thefirm's business is enormous in extent and continuallyincreasing, not only in the amount of money receivedbut in the number of people who are pleased by theirfirst purchase from the store and made permanentcustomers of the firm.

Grafton & Co.'s factory is situated in Dundas andis conceded to be the largest and best equipped estab-lishment of the kind in Canada. It is under thegeneral management of Capt. J. J Grafton and henot only shows the full of his administrative ability inthe conduct of affairs at home but the highest degreeof good judgment in the purchase of cloths from theleading markets of Europe and America, which hevisits for the purpose each year. The methods of thefirm are somewhat unique, seeing they manufacturein a wholesale way exclusively for the customers oftheir retail stores in Brantford, Hamilton, London,Peterboro, Owen Sound and Dundas. For this reasonthe goods are offered at prices that are considerablylower than those asked by houses that have to buy ofthe manufacturers, as the profit thus saved goes intothe pockets of Grafton & Co.'s customers, who pay nomore than a retailer would be asked. " High-grade"and " Union made" are the standards maintained bythis firm, whose clothing for men. youths, boys andchildren is without doubt unsurpassed by any that hasever been shown in Brantford. Every garment bearsthe Union label, which is the best guarantee of goodworkmanship and fair dealing.

The New Commercial Hotel.One of the most conspicuous business buildings

that face the Market Square of Brantford is the newCommercial Hotel, on Dalhousie street, which is alsoa widely known and modern hostelry and has morerooms than any other hotel in the city. The househas recently been entirely renovated and improvedthroughout and the extensive alterations that havebeen made give added space in the rotunda, readingand smoking rooms. The office has been reconstruct-ed and in addition to other modern improvements,electric light and steam heat is now supplied to everyroom in the building, which is made additionallyhandsome and attractive by new plate glass windowsin front. The rooms are all well lighted, airy andmade computable with handsome furniture.

Messrs. Jas. Quirk and John Toole, the proprietorsof the New Commercial, have been associated to-gether in its management for the past three years.They are both well-known and experienced hotel menof long standing and deservedly popular with thetravelling public and commercial men throughoutCanada, who make the Commercial their headquarterswhen in Brantford and recommend it to their friends.The cuisine is in charge of a thoroughly competentchef and is not surpassed by any house in the city.Messrs. Quirk & Toole give careful personal at-tention to the accommodation of their guests and havemade the Commercial one of the leading hotelsof the city. The choicest brands of liquors andcigars are dispensed at the bar, which is first-classalike in stock, appointment and management. The

quantities of the produce of the surrounding country.He is a public spirited gentleman and was elected amember of the City Council for three successive terms,during which time he served the city faithfully andwell. He is a native of Brantford, devotedly attachedto home and country, and possessed of just those qual-ities that go to make a successful man of affairs. Mr.Robson resides at the old Bell homestead on TutelaHeights, that is known as the home of the telephone,on account of its having been the scene of the laborsof Prof. Bell in connection with the discovery of theapplication of electricity to the transmission of soundand its ultimate development to the fulfillment of theservice that it now renders to the conduct of the busi-ness affairs of the present day. Mr. Robson has pre-served some of the appliances used in the early ex-periments with the talking machine, and the home-stead is maintained just as it was in those d.,ys.

Coles Brothers.The fine shoe trade is represented in Brantford by

the firm of Coles Bros., 122 Colborne street, who com-menced their connection with this business as travel-lers for a leading wholesale house and were about six-teen years on the road before they acquired theirpresent business from Messrs. Dengate & Dougherty,who were then located at the corner of Market andDalhousie streets, five years ago. After about twelvemonths at the old stand Messrs. Coles Bros, removedto their present premises in order to obtain betterfacilities for their rapidly increasing business. Theyhave a handsome three-story brick building with plateglass windows and have their goods tastefully dis-played and the best arrangements for the comfort andconvenience of their customers. The store is stockedwith a splendid assortment of fine American footwearfor ladies and gentlemen, which is Coles Bros.'specialty and there are a number of courteous clerksto attend to the business. On the second floor Messrs.Coles Bros. show a choice stock of trunks and valisesof Canadian manufacture and the third story andcellar are used for the accommodation of the reservestock, a large quantity being kept constantly on hand.Only the best class of goods is handled by this firmand their trade is increasing at a very satisfactory rate.while their customers are always well pleased andwell shod.

Messrs. C. P. and R. Coles, the members of thefirm of Coles Bros., are Englishmen by birth andpossess the solid and conservative characteristics ofEnglish merchants. Mr. C. P. Coles is the financialmanager of the concern and Mr. R. Coles the head ofthe business department.

THE HOME OF THE TELEPHONE.

rate at this house is $1 per day, and extremely moder-ate for such excellent service.

Mr. Quirk is a Brantford man, interested in allthat concerns the welfare of his native city. He haslong been prominent among Canadian sportsmen andhunters and is one of the amateur crack shots of thecountry. He has accomplished some remarkableachievements in athletic sports and still holds theworld's sprinting record for 75 yards. Mr. Toole cameto Brantford from Shenandoah and Pottsville, Pa.,with a valuable experience as a proprietor of a first-class hotel. He was mayor of Shenandoah for twoconsecutive terms, clerk of the Court of SchuylkillCounty for four years and warden of the county prisonfor the same length of time. He was not, however,a stranger in Brantford, for he had been closelyassociated with Mr. Quirk during his many successesas an athlete in many parts of the world for the pasttwenty years.

R. C. Robson.

After twenty years' profitable association with thefirm of J. & R. Robson, Mr. R. C. Robson is conduct-ing the business of a merchant miller and flour andfeed merchant at 31 Colborne street, and controls theentire trade that was enjoyed by the old firm previousto its dissolution. He has a thoroughly modern feedmill with a capacity of twenty tons per day and doesa business that is second to none of its kind in the Cityof Brantford. He has put in a new gas engine to op-erate the chopping department of his mill and thushas exceptional facilities with which to do the grindingof farmers who visit the city, of whom a great manyfind their way to his establishment and are unanimousin their praise of the way he does their work.

Mr. Robson also does a large export trade in hay,apples, turnips, onions, etc., and buys considerable

Mrs. J. W. Pattison.During a long career as a funeral director in

Brantford, extending over a period of thirty-six years,the late J, W. Pattison won the esteem and respect ofthose with whom he came in contact in the perform-ance of those sad duties which mortality taxes thehuman family with. The late J. W. Pattison cameto Brantford in 1865, and built the large premises at79 Colborne street where the business has ever sincebeen carried on. The premises have been enlargedfrom time to time, and all the latest improvements ina well regulated undertaking and embalming estab-lishment have been added.

To-day this business is carried on in such a man-ner as not to be excelled by any similar business inOntario. The late J. W. Pattison departed this lifein the month of May last, and since that said eventthe business has been carried on, and will be carriedon, as usual, by Mrs. Theresa Pattison, the widowand administrator of said deceased.

Mrs. Pattison has experienced assistants, who werewith her late husband for a considerable period beforehis death, and thoroughly understand all branches ofthe undertaking business, and will reside on thepremises. Everything is kept in readiness to enablethem to answer calls at any moment, and absolutesatisfaction is guaranteed in all the services of theestablishment.

Mrs. Pattison will also continue to conduct thatpart of the business connected with the sale of house-hold furniture, and will constantly keep on hand andcarry a fashionable assortment of all the good stylesand grades of furniture. Mrs. Pattison asks for acontinuance of the patronage extended to her latehusband in the past, and will endeavor to keepthe business among the foremost in the Prov-ince.

22 THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA.

C. M. Smith & Co.The business of C. M. Smith & Co., interior decor-

ators, frescoers, etc., 207 Colborne street, was estab-lished in Brantford in 1891, and has had ten years ofsteady growth in efficiency and in the confidence ofthe public. Mr. Smith was born in Owen Sound,Ont., of Scottish and American parentage, in 1864.After finishing his schooling at Eaton Academy inSouthern Quebec, a few miles from Vermont, his fa-ther, Rev. W. Wye Smith, well known as a literarylight and poet, having recognized the artistic tenden-cies of his son, put him at painting under the tuitionof J. Vanderhoef. a decorator of some repute. Aftergaining a degree of proficiency, Mr. Smith startedout for experience, which was found in Buffalo. Day-ton, Indianapolis, Detroit and Chicago, at which lastnamed place he was with the well-known firm ofSchnieder & McGrath, fresco and scenic artists. Oncoming to Brantford from his position as decoratorat Goldie & McCulloch's Safe Works in Galt, Mr.Smith's abilities speedily attracted attention. Acouple of successful sales placed his paintings in manyhomes in the city, and of his former pupils one now

holds a prominent position as a master decorator inBuffalo. A large silk banner painted by Mr. Smithfor a local Orange lodge carried off first prize twoyears in open competition at the annual meetings ofthe Order. He has received diplomas from the West-ern Fair in London and the World's Fair, Chicago,for decorative designs. In addition to frescoingmany private residences of the better sort, largestores, halls, etc., Mr. Smith has displayed his artis-tic skill on no less than seven of the city churches,the last—but not the least—being Zion PresbyterianChurch, in which the late Dr. Cochran preached formany years. It is now a marvel of good taste andelegance, and the people are well satisfied with theirexpenditure, as being executed in oil colors the workis of course permanent.

Hotel Vendome.The elegant $1 per day hotel at the corner of Col-

borne street and Brant avenue, popularly known asthe Venedome, is under the management of Mr. Alex.Howarth, an experienced hotel man, who has onlyrecently become the proprietor of this house. It is asubstantial three-story brick building, finished in theinterior with hard wood, lighted by electricity andfurnished in the most comfortable manner, most ofthe rooms having been entirely refurnished recently.There are seventeen bedrooms, a large, airy dining

room and all modern conveniences. The service isexcellent.

The Vendome covers a lot 65 x 110 feet and every-thing in connection with it is well managed and con-venient. Among the attractions of the house is a largepool room with seven splendid tables, all well lookedafter, that is without question the best room of thekind in the city A modern barber shop is also foundunder the root of the Vendome—indeed adjoining theoffice—which is a great convenience to the patrons ofthe house. The bar is one of the best in the city. Itis supplied with the choicest brands of liquor's andcigars and the attention given to guests is all that canbe desired.

Howie & Feely.One of the leading houses carrying on the stove and

tinware business in Western Ontario is that of theBrantford firm of Howie & Feely, 183 Colborne street.The members of the firm are James S. Howie andJohn C. Feely, who became associated in this bus-ness in the year 1888 and commenced in a small wayon Market street, near the Court House. They soonfound themselves hampered for room and acquiredtheir present location by purchasing the stock andgoodwill of Mr. E. Chalcraft and in a very short timemore than doubled their business. They are bothmembers of the Board of Trade—Mr. Feely, indeed,being a native of the city. Their store is three storieshigh, 32 x 100 feet, and gives them over 13,000 feet offloor space. They have built up their business by theold-fashioned way of working hard and taking advan-tage of every opportunity that presented itself for themto secure a contract or sell goods. They employ 25men in their factory, which is supplied with all thenecessary machinery for executing large orders forsheet iron and metal work.

Messrs. Howie & Feely make a specialty of hotair, hot water and steam heating and ventilating work,besides the manufacture of the general run of metalwork for building purposes, such as cornices, metalceilings, metal shingles, tin, iron and gravel roofing.They are general agents for the Brantford district forthe Gurney Foundry Co., of Toronto, and the Gurney-Tilden Co., of Hamilton, and carry large stocks ofthe furnaces and stoves made by these celebratedmanufacturers.

The firm also carries a large stock of builders' andgeneral hardware, paints, oils, etc., and enjoys one ofthe largest and most prosperous trades in these linesin the city, which they have built up by their ownperseverance and good management, and by givingthe closest attention and the best of value to theircustomers.

Caudwell & Co.A new firm has recently appeared among the

dry goods merchants of Brantford under the titleof Caudwell & Co , with a splendid three-storystore at 120 Colborne street. And yet it is notexactly a new firm, for the members of the con-cern have been well known to the people for manyyears as capable, straightforward and obligingmerchants. Mr; F. G. Caudwell and his partner inthe new firm were associated in the management ofthe estate of the late Geo. Caudwell, who was anuncle of Mr. F. G. Caudwell, who came from Englandto manage the estate nine years ago. He was prev-iously connected with the well-known firm of Marshall& Snellgrove, of London, and is a thoroughly exper-ienced dry goods man. Mr. Beckett was sixteenyears with the Caudwell estate and therefore they areboth well-known to the people of Brantford.

The new store is bright and attractive and filledfrom cellar to garret with large and varied assortmentsof staple and fancy dry goods, smallwares, millinery,carpets and furniture, all of the latest patterns. Aspecial feature of the business is that a complete lineof the famous Priestly dress goods is kept in stock.Everything in the store speaks of careful buying andexcellent taste and a large trade is already assured, asthe store is thonged with eager buyers every day.People who visit the establishment are made to feelentirely at home, and that is the more easily accom-plished as Messrs. Caudwell & Beckett have almostthe entire force of clerks that was associated withthem for so many years in their former enterprise.

G. S. Winter, Son & Co.The people of Brantford find their needs in the

grocery line catered to in a very satisfactory mannerby the firm of G S. Winter, Son & Co., whose splendidstore is situated at 139 Colborne street. It has a largedouble front, with plate glass windows, is well lightedand stocked with every variety of family and fancygroceries, confectionery, canned good, spices, etc.The best brands of hams and bacon are sold.

G. S. Winter, Son & Co. make as speciality of finecanned goods and buy as many as 400 cases at a time,which is an indication on the one hand of the extentof the firm's trade and on the other of the numerousvarieties their customers have to choose from. Thebusiness was commenced about thirteen years ago.About a year ago Mr. Winter took his son, Mr. Geo.A. Winter, and his daughter into the firm—in order(as Mr. Winter says) to interest them in the businessand perpetuate the concern.

The present establishment was first occupied byMr. Winter about five years ago and is equipped withall the best appliances for conducting a retail grocerybusiness, including refrigerators for keeping butter,eggs, etc., and great care is taken in buying and pre-serving in their original freshness the choicest blendsof teas and coffee. Mr. Winter, although not a nativeof Brantford, has lived in the city most of his life andthe other members of the firm are both Brantfordborn.

HOTEL VENDOME.

F. W. Merrill's Corner Drug Store.There are several family remedies that are exceed-

ingly popular throughout the country manufacturedin Brantford by the Merrill Medical Co., of whichFrank W. Merrill is the presiding genius. The estab-lishment where these preparations are put up is situ-ated at the corner of Colborne and Market streetsand is known as the leading drug store of the city.This gentleman is a graduate of the College of Phar-macy, where he received the highest honors of hisclass. He commenced business in Brantford in 1892and has since shown himself to be one of the mostskillful and successful druggists in the country.

Merrill's "System Tonic," the principal remedythat is put up by the company is said to be the great-

WINDOW IN CAUDWELL & CO.'S STORE.

est remedy yet discovered for diseases of the heart,nerves, kidneys, bowels and stomach. Its compos-ition is based on suggestions of Drs. McDade, Rushand Sims, three of the most eminent American physi-cians of the day. The exact formula is, however,the result of five years' study and experimentation onthe part of Mr. Merrill. In order to make the medi-cine palatable to patients, all the bitter drugs havebeen placed in tablet form, leaving the liquid part ofthe medicine extremely pleasant to take. Over 20,-

' 000 bottles annually have been sold, and the remedyhas never been known to fail in making permanentcures in cases for which it is recommended, whentaken in the prescribed manner.

Mr. Merrill is also the originator of the "Four T's"cough medicine and "Merrill's Wizard Lightning,"two invaluable domestic remedies that have beenproved to be infallible in their efficacy. The FourT's cures the worst cough in from one to three days.Two bottles are known to have cured a case of asthmaof twenty years' standing, and a young lady who wasgiven up to die of consumption by three city doctorswas completely cured by several bottles of the mix-ture. The Wizard Lightning is a family liniment thatalmost instantaneously relieves all kinds of nervousand inflammatory aches and pains. It acts directlyon the absorbent glands and reduces swellings in a

MERRILL'S DRUG STORE.

BRANTFORD—MERCHANTS, IMPORTERS, ETC.

remarkably short time, and is adapted for inward aswell as outward application.

Merrill's drug store is one of the landmarks of thecity and the resort of all who require anything in theordinary range of druggists' goods, medicines, toiletarticles, etc., and where physicians' prescriptions aredispensed with accuracy and promptitude from thechoicest and freshest stock of drugs procurable, andat the lowest prices consistent with the character ofservice rendered.

A. Ballantyne.The oldest hardware business in Brantford is that

carried on by Mr. A. Ballantyne, at 156 Colbornestreet. He acquired it in 1899 from J. Y. Morton, thesuccessor of Andrew and James Morton, who foundedthe establishment in 1853. Mr. Ballantyne had pre-viously had ten years' experience in wholesale andretail hardware houses in the United States and Can-ada, and as a result of the connection thus formed isable to buy almost all his leading lines direct from themanufacturers and save the purchaser the middle-man's profit. He is young, energetic and successfulas a man of business, and is so confident in the judg-ment he exercises in buying that he announces he isprepared to return the money paid for any goods thatmay not prove satisfactory. Mr. Ballantyne is anative of Stratford and son of Hon. Thos. Ballantyne,formerly Speaker of the Ontario Parliament and bet-ter known, perhaps, as the pioneer of the cheese in-dustry in this Province.

Mr. Ballantyne carries a full line of shelf andheavy hardware and has the exclusive agency for thisdistrict of some exceedingly valuable specialties. Hepays particular attention to the requirements of mech-anics and is agent for the celebrated saws made byE. C. Atkins, of Indianapolis, Ind., and carries a fullline from the smallest compass to the largest cross-cutsaw. They are fully warranted and will be changedwithin thirty days after being used if not entirely sat-isfactory.

For farmers Mr. Ballantyne has a great many im-portant lines. He is sole agent in Brantford for theMcCormick binder twine, which is guaranteed as toboth quality and length, does not kink, will pay out tothe end without collapsing and is said to be betterspun, evener and more pliable than any other make.While he carries all kinds of galvanized, barbed, oiledand annealed woven wire, Mr. Ballantine speciallyrecommends the "Elwood" woven wire fence ofwhich he sells a large quantity at a low price and atthe same time loans the stretcher to his customers sothat they can put up the fence themselves. He is alsosole agent for the " Ney " hay forks and haying tools,and has everything that goes with this line at rightprices. The ' B e l l " potato planter is a new devicethat enables the farmer to plant three acres a day atany desired depth, making the holes, dropping theseed and covering at one operation. Poultry netting,rope, and in fact everything in the hardware line thatthe farmer needs can be had at this establishment, in-cluding paints and brushes, barn door hangers, churns,wheelbarrows and garden and stable tools.

It would be impossible to enumerate the manykinds of hardware that Mr. Ballantyne keeps on handfor building, farm and domestic purposes, but a verysuperficial inspection will convince prospective pur-chasers that he can supply them with all they mayrequire and give them the best satisfaction at the leastexpense.

D. D. TAYLOR'S SHOP.

D. D. Taylor.The business of a painter and decorator has been

carried on in Brantford by Mr. D. D. Taylor for thepast 15 years. He occupies the premises known asNo. 20 Colborne street, where he has a store 24x100feet, with paint shop, warehouse, etc., where hecarrries a large stock of paints, oils, colors and theother necessary materials and appliances of the trade.Mr. Taylor is an expert in interior decorations andhis fresco work and mural decorations—which con-stitute his particular specialties—are greatly admiredfor their artistic excellence. Sign painting also re-ceives a great deal of attention at Mr. Taylor's handsand he can point to many of the largest and most im-portant in the city as evidence of his skill in thisparticular line.

In the ordinary way of house painting, paperhang-ing, etc., Mr. Taylor gives more than ordinary satis-faction to his patrons, whether they require theirwork grained in the manner that was consideredessential in our grandfathers' days, merely plainpainted, or finished in oil according to the latestvogue. Mr. Taylor uses only the best materials inhis work and employs skilled and reliable workmenand the excellent finish and enduring qualities thatare evidenced in the performance of every " job" heundertakes and finishes constitute as strong a recom-mendation as any tradesman could wish to have tothe public, and in this case they have it constantlybefore them in the many contracts Mr. Taylor hasfulfilled in the city.

W. J. F. Mallagh.The greater portion of the newspaper and maga-

zine subscription trade of the City of Brantford ishandled by W. J. F. Mallagh, whose elegant store issituated at the corner of Market and Dalhousie streets.Mr. Mallagh acquired this establishment, which wasfounded by J. R. Salmond in 1887, early in the presentyear and has made considerable headway in the busi-ness beyond that which was enjoyed by his predecessor,besides making many improvements in its manage-ment and the service given to his customers. Mr.Mallagh's stock includes wall paper, sporting goods,fine leather goods and office stationery. He keeps a

A. BALLANTYNE'S STORE.

full line of standard books, Bibles, etc., in stock reg-ularly and receives a large consignment of all newbooks as soon as issued from the press, whether theybe of Canadian, British or American origin, besidesall the popular magazines from both sides of the ocean.He has the contract for supplying the city schoolswith text books, scribblers, etc., notwithstanding thecompetition of the men who had been longer in thebusiness and longer identified with the trade of Cityof Brantford than he had.

There is nothing in the stationery line that cannotbe readily and cheaply obtained from Mr. Mallagh'sstock and the courtesy and consideration that he andbis assistants give to visitors invariably makes it apleasure to visit the store.

Alex. Moffat.The quantity of jewellery and fancy goods that

the Brantford merchants sell is a good indication ofthe general prosperity of the people. Mr. Alex. Mof-fat, of 152 Colborne street, has a large and light, art-istically decorated store devoted to the jewellerybusiness, which he has carried on in the city since1891. He is a native of Scotland, but served his ap-prenticeship in Fergus, Ont. He carries a large stockof jewellery of all kinds, watches, clocks, plate andplated ware. Diamonds naturally command the at-tention of all who desire to have chaste rings,brooches and other articles of personal adornment,and in this department find Mr. Moffat's skill andjudgment both well developed and his prices comparefavorably with those who make more pretensions toexclusive dealings in this line. People who are seek-ing for novelties for wedding. Christmas and birth-day presents, have a great and elegant assortment tochoose from in Mr. Moffat's establishment. This in-cludes the celebrated Hawkes cut glass in the mostpopular styles, and sterling silver and plated tea andcoffee services, ewers, bowls, tableware, candelabra,etc., that are at once useful and ornamental.

Mr. Moffat has also the best optical appliancesand gives the best of satisfaction to those who needto supplement their eyes with artificial aids, and asan optician renders invaluable aid to his numerouscustomers, supplying them with serviceable and satis-factory glasses at reasonable prices.

Watch and jewellery repairing receives specialattention at Mr. Moffat's hands. He employs skill-ful and reliable workmen, and gives a guaranteethat their work shall prove of lasting value, which isa point of even greater importance than any possiblesaving that might be looked for by entrusting workto less reliable people.

Fleming's Restaurant.There are few places of the size of Brantford in

the Dominion of Canada that can boast of such ex-cellent restaurant accommodation as that which isgiven by Mr. A. Fleming at 44 Market street. Thebusiness was established in 1854 by Mr. George Flem-ing, the father of the present proprietor, who con-ducted the Brant Hotel for a number of years. Flem-ing's Restaurant was established in 1897. The pro-prietor, Mr. A. Fleming is a past master in the art ofcatering, and provides the test viands the market af-fords for the delectation of his guests. He employscooks of well-known skill to prepare the dishes thatdelight the connoisseur in cookery, and has efficientand obliging waiters to attend to the wants of his cus-tomers. The restaurant is kept open night and day,and Mr. Fleming prides himself upon being able tosupply any kind of repast whenever it is required.The service is on both the American and Europeanplan. Promptness and reasonable prices prevail.Several improvements in the premises are in pro-gress. Mr. Fleming is having the upper part of thebuilding entirely remodeled. This will constitute abanquet hall capable of accommodating fifty guests,and a lunch counter will be opened down stairs, whereshell oysters, clams, etc., will be served. The specialfeature of the banquet hall will be the serving of fish-and game suppers. The success that has alreadybeen attained, and the large number of patrons whomake Fleming's Restaurant their regular house ofcall give encouragement to the expectation of greatlyincreased business under the new arrangements.Under the new arrangement people can get mealsfrom 10c. up to 25c.

FLEMING'S RESTAURANT.

23

THE INDUSTRIAL RECORDER OF CANADA

HUNT & COLTER'S STABLES AND WAREHOUSES. ONONDAGA LONG HOUSE.

Hunt & Colter.The business of liverymen, cartage and storage

agents as carried on in Brantford by Messrs. Hunt &Colter, 155 and 157 Dalhousie street, has been broughtto a condition closely approximating perfection. Thisfirm consists of Wellington Hunt and John A. Colter,who have been associated together since 1884, whileMr. Hunt has been engaged in the same businesssince it was started in 1873, when he had Mr. Bradleyfor a partner until 1878, when the firm became Hunt& Bennett, and so remained until 1884 when Mr.Colter took Mr. Bennett's place.

Hunt & Colter's stables are built according to themost approved design and give accommodation forfifty horses. The floors are laid in concrete andspecial attention has been given to the drainage andventilation of the stables. The premises are threestories high, 100x132 feet. The ceilings have beenmade exceptionally high and electric light installedthroughout. There is also an electric elevator forraising carriages, produce, etc., to the upper floors.All the doors are fireproof and the dividing walls arebuilt of brick. • The equipment of the stables is notsurpassed by any in Ontario.

'1 he carriage rooms are large and dry and Hunt &•Colter keep all kinds of vehicles for the use of theirpatrons having about one hundred in all. They em-ploy a large staff of efficient stablemen and driversand pay particular attention to all orders, making theservice required for weddings, funerals and socialevents a specialty.

Hunt & Colter have spacious warehouses for thesafe keeping of all kinds of goods and do all the cart-ing for the T., H. & B. Ry. and a great deal for themanufacturers and merchants of the city. They areboth natives of Brantford and in addition to theirlivery business—rather, as a supplement to it—theyhave a 100-acre farm just outside the city limits, whichenables them to raise most of the feed for their horsesand give them the benefit of regular turns at pasturewithout having to depend upon hired fields.

The Allen Electric Co.The recent developments of electricity for the pur-

poses of lighting and power development have not,perhaps, been so thoroughly appreciated in Brantford

as they have in some other places, but latterly con-siderable energy has been put forth in this direction.About a year ago the Allen Electric Co. commencedto do business in the city, and considerable SUCCESShas attended the efforts of Mr. J. M. Allen, the man-ager of the concern. He is a young and active man,well up in the science of electricity and the modernapplication of its power. He was formerly in thesame line of business in Toronto, until about threeyears ago, when he came to Brantford.

The Allen Electric Co. has a spacious office at 70Colborne street, and sells to the trade as well as toprivate customers—wholesale and retail. Special at-tention is given to the lighting of churches, theatres,residences, stores and public buildings, with both gasand electricity, and the company has recently securedlarge contracts for this work from the Sacred HeartChurch, the Bank of Commerce in Paris, the latterincluding the installation of a complete system ofburglar alarms, and Mr. M. E. Long's furniture storein Brantford. Among the latest contracts completed

is that for Mr. Morgan Harris' handsome new resi-dence, which is the most completely equipped housein the city, envolving the use of the latest and mostimproved electric appliances.

The company installs motors and dynamos, pri-vate telephones, electric bells, etc , and supplies allkinds of electric supplies, gas and electric fixtureseither separately or in combination, Auer light sup-plies, globes, shades and reflectors. The object ofthe company is to furnish the best appliances forlighting public and private buildings', and make thefacilities for this kind of work equal to those enjoyedby any city in the country. There has already beensufficient accomplished to show that the purpose ofthe company will be fulfilled in every instance wheresuch devices can be employed, and there is no doubtthat Mr. Allen can show those who have not yetavail themselves of his services that there is goodreason why they should do so, and save money.

The company has recently opened a branch estab-lishment at 660 Yonge street, Toronto.

Mrs. Josephine Bush.For the past twenty years Mrs. Josephine Bush

human hair into wigs, toupes. jewellery, etc., in manydifferent ways, and deals in all kinds of goods madeof human hair by manufacturers and patentees through-out the world. Mrs. Bush also makes a speciality ofshampooing and dressing ladies' hair and sells all theessentials for their toilet. She also keeps a stock oftheatrical goods on hand in the shape of wigs andmake-up goods, grease, paints, etc. Her establish-ment is at 77 Colborne street, where she receives andwaits upon ladies who need her attention as a hairdresser, in which she is very expert and commands alarge share of the patronage of society people. Mrs.Bush has a large stock of the best and latest designs infancy combs and pins for ladies' hair and hercustomers are found in all parts of Western Ontario.

Wm. A. Tipper & Son.The most improved methods known to sanitary

science are pursued in the plumbing, steam and gasfitting business carried on by Messrs. Wm. A. Tipper& Son at 125 Colborne street. This firm succeededMr. Robert Russell (who established himself in Brant-ford about thirty-five years ago) in 1894. Mr. Tipperand his son both worked for Mr. Russell, and thusconstitute a typical and representative firm of self-made men. They have the advantage of havinggrown up in the business they now control and takenpart in the evolution of the adaptation of mechanicalgenius to sanitary purposes, and the application ofgas, steam and electricity to lighting and heating ap-pliances that contribute so largely to the conveniencesof modern life at the present date, and being them-selves skilled mechanics are able to make the best useof these appliances for the accommodation of theircustomers in house and workshop. They employabout a dozen men in their business and carry a largestock of gas and other fixtures and engineers' sup-plies, so that they are able to execute orders for allkinds of plumbing, gas and steam fitting at the short-est notice, and give the best service that can be ob-tained in these lines. They have a large and profita-ble business, and it is growing in extent and import-ance every year.

DAN'L L. LEWIS,Chief Fire Department.

has been carrying-on business in Brantford as amanufacturer of human hair goods. She makes up

JOHN J. VAUGHAN,Chief of Police.

24