optix rtn 910 radio transmission system v100r005c00

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission SystemV100R005C00

Product Description

Issue 04Date 2012-08-25

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior writtenconsent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders. NoticeThe purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and thecustomer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within thepurchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representationsof any kind, either express or implied.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in thepreparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, andrecommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Address: Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, LonggangShenzhen 518129People's Republic of China

Website: http://www.huawei.comEmail: [email protected]

Issue 04 (2012-08-25) Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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About This Document

Related VersionsThe following table lists the product versions related to this document.

Product Name VersionOptiX RTN 910 V100R005C00iManager U2000 V100R006C02

Intended AudienceThis document is intended for network planning engineers.Familiarity with the basic knowledge related to digital microwave communication technologywill help you apply the information in this document.

Symbol ConventionsThe symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Symbol Description

Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk,which if not avoided, will result in death orserious injury.

Indicates a hazard with a medium or low levelof risk, which if not avoided, could result inminor or moderate injury.

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description About This Document


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Symbol Description

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation,which if not avoided, could result inequipment damage, data loss, performancedegradation, or unexpected results.

Indicates a tip that may help you solve aproblem or save time.

Provides additional information to emphasizeor supplement important points of the maintext.

General ConventionsThe general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Convention DescriptionTimes New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.Boldface Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

boldface. For example, log in as user root.Italic Book titles are in italics.Courier New Examples of information displayed on the screen are in

Courier New.

Update HistoryUpdates between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document issue containsall updates made in previous issues.

Updates in Issue 04 (2012-08-25) Based on Product Version V100R005C00This document is the fourth issue of the V100R005C00 product version.The updated contents are as follows:

Update Description6.1.3.6 Receiver Sensitivity (ISV3 board) Added the receiver sensitivities of 10/10.5

GHz frequency bands.6.1.5 Transceiver Performance Updated specifications of XMC-2 ODUs.



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Updates in Issue 03 (2012-07-30) Based on Product Version V100R005C00This document is the third issue of the V100R005C00 product version.The updated contents are as follows:

Update Description1.2 Components Added descriptions about 6 GHz XMC-2

ODUs.Updated modulation modes supported by28/32 GHz XMC-2 ODUs.

6.1.2 Frequency Band6.1.5 Transceiver Performance6.1.1 Microwave Work Modes6.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity

Updates in Issue 02 (2012-06-30) Based on Product Version V100R005C00This document is the second issue of the V100R005C00 product version.The updated contents are as follows:

Update Description2.16 Security Management A new section.B Compliance Standards A new appendix.

Updates in Issue 01 (2012-04-30) Based on Product Version V100R005C00This document is the first release for the V100R005C00 product version.



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Contents

About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................1

1.1 Network Application..........................................................................................................................................21.2 Components........................................................................................................................................................31.3 Configuration Modes..........................................................................................................................................7

2 Functions and Features.................................................................................................................82.1 Microwave Types.............................................................................................................................................10

2.1.1 SDH/PDH Microwave.............................................................................................................................102.1.2 Hybrid/Packet Integrated IP Microwave.................................................................................................11

2.2 Modulation Strategy.........................................................................................................................................132.2.1 Fixed Modulation....................................................................................................................................132.2.2 Adaptive Modulation...............................................................................................................................13

2.3 RF Configuration Modes..................................................................................................................................162.4 Capacity............................................................................................................................................................16

2.4.1 Air Interface Capacity.............................................................................................................................162.4.2 Cross-Connect Capacity..........................................................................................................................182.4.3 Switching Capacity..................................................................................................................................18

2.5 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................................182.5.1 Service Interfaces....................................................................................................................................182.5.2 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces.....................................................................................................21

2.6 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation...................................................................................................232.7 Automatic Transmit Power Control.................................................................................................................242.8 MPLS/PWE3 Function.....................................................................................................................................242.9 Ethernet Service Processing Capability............................................................................................................262.10 QoS.................................................................................................................................................................282.11 Clock Features................................................................................................................................................292.12 Protection Capability......................................................................................................................................312.13 Network Management....................................................................................................................................322.14 Easy Installation.............................................................................................................................................332.15 Easy Maintenance...........................................................................................................................................33

2.15.1 Equipment-level OAM..........................................................................................................................332.15.2 Packet OAM (TP-Assist).......................................................................................................................35

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description Contents


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2.16 Security Management.....................................................................................................................................362.17 Energy Saving.................................................................................................................................................382.18 Environmental Protection...............................................................................................................................38

3 Product Structure.........................................................................................................................403.1 System Architecture.........................................................................................................................................41

3.1.1 TDM Single-Plane System Architecture ................................................................................................413.1.2 TDM/Packet Dual-Plane System Architecture........................................................................................42

3.2 Hardware Structure...........................................................................................................................................443.2.1 IDU..........................................................................................................................................................443.2.2 ODU.........................................................................................................................................................54

3.3 Software Structure............................................................................................................................................553.4 Service Signal Processing Flow.......................................................................................................................56

3.4.1 SDH/PDH Microwave.............................................................................................................................563.4.2 Hybrid Microwave...................................................................................................................................583.4.3 Packet Microwave...................................................................................................................................61

4 Networking and Applications..................................................................................................644.1 Basic Network Topologies...............................................................................................................................65

4.1.1 Chain Network.........................................................................................................................................654.1.2 Ring Network..........................................................................................................................................65

4.2 Networking with the OptiX RTN 310..............................................................................................................664.3 Feature Application (MPLS Packet Service)....................................................................................................67

4.3.1 CES Services...........................................................................................................................................674.3.2 ATM/IMA Services.................................................................................................................................714.3.3 Ethernet Services.....................................................................................................................................72

4.4 Feature Application (Traversing the Original Network)..................................................................................734.4.1 Traversing a TDM Network by Using the EoPDH/EoSDH Feature.......................................................734.4.2 Using ML-PPP to Transmit Services Through a TDM Network............................................................744.4.3 Traversing a Layer 2 Network by Using VLAN Sub-interfaces.............................................................75

5 Network Management System..................................................................................................775.1 Network Management Solution........................................................................................................................785.2 Web LCT..........................................................................................................................................................785.3 U2000...............................................................................................................................................................80

6 Technical Specifications.............................................................................................................836.1 RF Performance................................................................................................................................................84

6.1.1 Microwave Work Modes.........................................................................................................................846.1.1.1 Microwave Work Modes (IF1 board).............................................................................................846.1.1.2 Microwave Work Modes (IFU2 board)..........................................................................................846.1.1.3 Microwave Work Modes (IFX2 board)..........................................................................................866.1.1.4 Microwave Work Modes (ISU2 board)..........................................................................................876.1.1.5 Microwave Work Modes (ISX2 board)..........................................................................................906.1.1.6 Microwave Work Modes (ISV3 Board).........................................................................................95



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6.1.2 Frequency Band.....................................................................................................................................1046.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity...............................................................................................................................108

6.1.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity (IF1 Board)..................................................................................................1086.1.3.2 Receiver Sensitivity (IFU2 board)................................................................................................1096.1.3.3 Receiver Sensitivity (IFX2 board)................................................................................................1126.1.3.4 Receiver Sensitivity (ISU2 board)................................................................................................1156.1.3.5 Receiver Sensitivity (ISX2 board)................................................................................................1216.1.3.6 Receiver Sensitivity (ISV3 board)................................................................................................130

6.1.4 Distortion Sensitivity.............................................................................................................................1426.1.5 Transceiver Performance.......................................................................................................................1436.1.6 IF Performance......................................................................................................................................1496.1.7 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem.....................................................................150

6.2 Predicted Equipment Reliability.....................................................................................................................1506.2.1 Predicted Component Reliability...........................................................................................................1506.2.2 Predicted Link Reliability......................................................................................................................151

6.3 Interface Performance.....................................................................................................................................1516.3.1 SDH Interface Performance...................................................................................................................1516.3.2 E1 Interface Performance......................................................................................................................1536.3.3 Ethernet Interface Performance.............................................................................................................1546.3.4 Auxiliary Interface Performance...........................................................................................................158

6.4 Clock Timing and Synchronization Performance..........................................................................................1596.5 Integrated System Performance......................................................................................................................159

A Typical Configuration.............................................................................................................163A.1 Typical RF Configuration Modes..................................................................................................................164

B Compliance Standards.............................................................................................................165B.1 ITU-R Standards............................................................................................................................................166B.2 ETSI Standards..............................................................................................................................................167B.3 IEC Standards................................................................................................................................................168B.4 ITU-T Standards............................................................................................................................................169B.5 IETF Standards..............................................................................................................................................172B.6 IEEE Standards..............................................................................................................................................175B.7 MEF Standards...............................................................................................................................................175B.8 AF Standards..................................................................................................................................................176B.9 Environmental Standards...............................................................................................................................176

C Glossary......................................................................................................................................180



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1 IntroductionAbout This Chapter

The OptiX RTN 910 is a product in the OptiX RTN 900 radio transmission system series.

1.1 Network ApplicationThe OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation TDM/Hybrid/Packet integrated microwavetransmission system developed by Huawei. It provides a seamless microwave transmissionsolution for mobile communication network or private networks.1.2 ComponentsThe OptiX RTN 910 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 910 and the ODU.Each ODU is connected to the IDU through an IF cable.1.3 Configuration ModesThe OptiX RTN 910 supports different configuration modes in which different system control,switching, and timing boards, IF boards, and ODUs are configured, suited for various microwaveapplication scenarios.

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description 1 Introduction


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1.1 Network ApplicationThe OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation TDM/Hybrid/Packet integrated microwavetransmission system developed by Huawei. It provides a seamless microwave transmissionsolution for mobile communication network or private networks.

OptiX RTN 900 Product FamilyThere are four types of OptiX RTN 900 V100R005C00 products: OptiX RTN 905, OptiX RTN910, OptiX RTN 950, and OptiX RTN 980. Users can choose the product best suited for theirsite.l The IDU of the OptiX RTN 905 is 1U high, integrated and case-shaped. The OptiX RTN

905 can provide two types of IDU: IDU 905 1A with one IF port and IDU 905 2A with twoIF ports.

l The IDU of the OptiX RTN 910 is 1U high and supports one or two IF boards.l The IDU of the OptiX RTN 950 is 2U high and supports one to six IF boards.l The IDU of the OptiX RTN 980 is 5U high and supports one to fourteen IF boards.The OptiX RTN 900 series provide a variety of service interfaces and can be installed easily andconfigured flexibly. The OptiX RTN 900 series provide a solution that can integrate TDMmicrowave, Hybrid microwave, and Packet microwave technologies according to thenetworking scheme for the sites, achieving smooth upgrade from TDM microwave to Hybridmicrowave, and from Hybrid microwave to Packet microwave. This solution meets thetransmission requirements of 2G, 3G, and LTE services while also allowing for future networkevolution and convergence.

NOTE

OptiX RTN 900 series products can construct a network with each other and can be interconnected whenhousing applicable IF boards. To be specific, the OptiX RTN 910/950/980 integrates TDM, Hybrid, andPacket microwave on one platform. The OptiX RTN 905 can simultaneously transmit Native E1, NativeEthernet, and ETH PWE3 services.

OptiX RTN 910The OptiX RTN 910 is microwave equipment deployed at the access layer. Figure 1-1 showsthe microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 910.



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Figure 1-1 Microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 910

OptiX RTN 910 BTSNodeB BSCRNC

FEE1

FE E1

E1

E1FE

E1

E1

FE

FE/GE

E1/STM-1

Regional TDMNetwork

E1/STM-1

FE/GE

FE/GE

Regional PacketNetwork

MSTP

NOTE

l In this solution, the OptiX RTN 910 is connected to an RNC and BSC directly or through a regional backhaulnetwork.

l The OptiX RTN 910 provides a wide range of interfaces and service bearer technologies to adapt to theregional backhaul network. The regional backhaul network can be a time-division multiplexing (TDM)network or packet switching network (PSN).l The OptiX RTN 910 supports the Ethernet over SDH (EoSDH) function, Ethernet over PDH (EoPDH)

function, and ML-PPP function. Therefore, packet services can be backhauled through a TDM network.l The OptiX RTN 910 supports the pseudo wire emulation edge-to-edge (PWE3) technology. Therefore,

TDM, ATM, and Ethernet services can be backhauled through a PSN.l The OptiX RTN 910 supports the VLAN sub-interface function. Therefore, MPLS packet services can

be backhauled through a Layer 2 network.l When three or more microwave directions are required, cascade several sets of the OptiX RTN 910 or use

the OptiX RTN 950 or OptiX RTN 980 that provides more powerful functions and supports more microwavedirections.

1.2 ComponentsThe OptiX RTN 910 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 910 and the ODU.Each ODU is connected to the IDU through an IF cable.

IDU 910The IDU 910 is the indoor unit for an OptiX RTN 910 system. It receives and multiplexesservices, performs service processing and IF processing, and provides the system control andcommunications function.Table 1-1 lists the basic features of the IDU 910.



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Table 1-1 Features of the IDU 910Item DescriptionChassis height 1UPluggable SupportedNumber of radio directions 1 or 2RF configuration mode 1+0 non-protection configuration

2+0 non-protection configuration2x(1+0) non-protection configuration1+1 protection configurationN+1 protection configuration (N = 1)XPIC configuration

Service interface type E1 interfaceSTM-1 optical/electrical interfaceFE optical/electrical interfaceGE optical/electrical interface

Figure 1-2 Appearance of the IDU 910

ODUThe ODU is the outdoor unit for the OptiX RTN 900. It converts frequencies and amplifiessignals.The OptiX RTN 900 product series can use the RTN 600 ODU and RTN XMC ODU, coveringthe entire frequency band from 6 GHz to 42 GHz.

NOTEUnlike the other frequency bands that use 14 MHz, 28 MHz, or 56 MHz channel spacing, the 18 GHzfrequency band uses 13.75 MHz, 27.5 MHz, or 55 MHz channel spacing.



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Table 1-2 RTN XMC ODUs that the OptiX RTN 910 supportsItem Description

High-Power ODU Low CapacityODU

ODU type XMC-2 XMC-1Frequency band 6/7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/32/38/42 GHz 7/8/11/13/15/18/23

GHzMicrowavemodulation scheme

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM/512QAM/1024QAM(6/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/32/38/42 GHz)QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM (7/8 GHz)

QPSK/16QAM

Channel spacing 7/14/28/40/50/56 MHz 3.5/7/14/28 MHz

Table 1-3 RTN 600 ODUs that the OptiX RTN 910 supportsItem Description

High-Power ODU Standard PowerODU

Low CapacityODU

ODU type HP, HPA SP, SPA LPFrequency band 6/7/8/10/10.5/11/13/

15/18/23/26/28/32/38 GHz (HP ODU)6/7/8/11/13/15/18/23 GHz (HPA ODU)

7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/38 GHz (SPODU)6/7/8/11/13/15/18/23 GHz (SPA ODU)

7/8/11/13/15/18/23GHz

Microwavemodulation scheme

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM

QPSK/16QAM

Channel spacing 7/14/28/40/56 MHz(6/7/8/10/11/13/15/18/23/26/28/32/38GHz)7/14/28 MHz (10.5GHz)

3.5/7/14/28 MHz 3.5/7/14/28 MHz

There are two methods for mounting the ODU and the antenna: direct mounting and separatemounting.l The direct mounting method is generally adopted when a small- or medium-diameter and

single-polarized antenna is used. In this situation, if one ODU is configured for one antenna,the ODU is directly mounted at the back of the antenna. If two ODUs are configured for



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one antenna, an RF signal combiner/splitter (hence referred to as a hybrid coupler) mustbe mounted to connect the ODUs to the antenna. Figure 1-3 illustrates the direct mountingmethod.The direct mounting method can also be adopted when a small- or medium-diameter anddual-polarized antenna is used. Two ODUs are mounted onto an antenna using anorthomode transducer (OMT). The method for installing an OMT is similar to that forinstalling a hybrid coupler.

Figure 1-3 Direct mounting

l The separate mounting method is adopted when a large- or medium-diameter and single-

or dual-polarized antenna is used. Figure 1-4 shows the separate mounting method. In thissituation, a hybrid coupler can be mounted (two ODUs share one feed boom).

Figure 1-4 Separate mounting



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NOTE

The OptiX RTN 910 provides an antenna solution that covers the entire frequency band, and supportssingle-polarized antennas and dual-polarized antennas with diameters of 0.3 m to 3.7 m along with thecorresponding feeder system.

1.3 Configuration ModesThe OptiX RTN 910 supports different configuration modes in which different system control,switching, and timing boards, IF boards, and ODUs are configured, suited for various microwaveapplication scenarios.

Table 1-4 Configuration modes that the OptiX RTN 910 supportsConfigurationMode

Control,Switching,and TimingBoard

IF Board ODU Application

PDHmicrowaveequipment

CSTA IF1 Low capacityfor PDH ODU

Provides a radiolink withcapacity nothigher than 16 xE1.

SDHmicrowaveequipment

CSTA IF1 Standard powerODU or highpower ODU

Provides anSTM-1 radiolink or a high-capacity PDHradio link.

CSTA ISU2ISX2ISV3

Standard powerODU or highpower ODU

Provides one ortwo STM-1radio links.

Integrated IPmicrowaveequipment

CSHACSHBCSHCCSHDCSHE

IFU2ISU2ISV3


Provides aIntegrated IPradio link.

XPIC IntegratedIP microwaveequipment

CSHACSHBCSHCCSHDCSHE

IFX2ISX2ISV3


Provides aIntegrated IPradio link of thesuper capacity.



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2 Functions and FeaturesAbout This Chapter

The OptiX RTN 910 provides a wide assortment of functions and features to ensure the qualityand efficiency of service transmission.

2.1 Microwave TypesThe microwave type is determined by the IF board and the configured working mode.2.2 Modulation StrategyThe SDH/PDH microwave supports fixed modulation. The Hybrid/Packet microwave supportsfixed modulation and adaptive modulation.2.3 RF Configuration ModesThe OptiX RTN 910 supports 1+0 non-protection configuration, 2+0 non-protectionconfiguration, 1+1 protection configuration, N+1 protection configuration (N = 1), and XPICconfiguration. The2.4 CapacityThe OptiX RTN 910 is a high-capacity device.2.5 InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 910 provides a variety of interfaces.2.6 Cross-Polarization Interference CancellationCross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) technology is used together with co-channeldual-polarization (CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the wireless linkcapacity over the same channel.2.7 Automatic Transmit Power ControlAutomatic transmit power control (ATPC) enables the output power of the transmitter toautomatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end within the ATPC control range. Thisfeature reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.2.8 MPLS/PWE3 FunctionThe OptiX RTN 910 uses an MPLS that is optimized for the telecom bearer network as thepacket forwarding mechanism for packet transmission of carrier-class services. The OptiX RTN910 uses PWE3 technology as the service bearer technology to implement MPLS network accessfor various types of services.

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description 2 Functions and Features


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2.9 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 910 has powerful Ethernet service processing capability.2.10 QoSThe OptiX RTN 910 provides improved quality of service (QoS) and supports the followingeight types of per-hop behaviors (PHBs): BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF, CS6, and CS7.Therefore, network carriers can offer various QoS levels of service guarantees and buildnetworks that carry data, voice, and video services.2.11 Clock FeaturesThe OptiX RTN 910 supports physical-layer clock synchronization, time synchronization overpacket networks, and IEEE 1588v2 time synchronization, meeting the clock and timesynchronization requirements of mobile networks. In addition, the OptiX RTN 910 provides anadvanced clock protection mechanism.2.12 Protection CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 910 provides a variety of protection schemes.2.13 Network ManagementThe OptiX RTN 910 supports multiple network management (NM) modes and providescomprehensive NM information exchange schemes.2.14 Easy InstallationThe OptiX RTN 910 supports several installation modes. That is, the installation is flexible andconvenient.2.15 Easy Maintenance2.16 Security ManagementThe OptiX RTN 910 works with its network management system (NMS) to prevent unauthorizedlogins and operations, ensuring equipment management security.2.17 Energy SavingThe OptiX RTN 910 uses various types of technologies to reduce the amount of energy that thedevice consumes. The device:2.18 Environmental ProtectionThe OptiX RTN 910 is designed to meet or exceed environmental protection requirements. Theproduct complies with the RoHS directive and WEEE directive.



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2.1 Microwave TypesThe microwave type is determined by the IF board and the configured working mode.

2.1.1 SDH/PDH MicrowaveThe SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. The PDH microwaverefers to the microwave that transmits only PDH services (mainly, the E1 services).

NOTEThe IF1 board can work in TU-12-based PDH microwave mode or STM-1-based SDH microwave mode.The ISU2/ISX2/ISV3 board can work in SDH mode to support transmission of one STM-1 or two STM-1s.

SDH MicrowaveUnlike conventional SDH microwave equipment, the OptiX RTN 910 has a built-in MADM.The MADM grooms services to the microwave port through cross-connections, maps theservices into the STM-1-based or 2xSTM-1-based microwave frames, and then transmits theframes. With this capability, services are flexibly groomed and the optical network and themicrowave network are seamlessly converged.

Figure 2-1 SDH microwave

ODU

E1

IDU

MADM

SDH radioSDH

OH

OH

PDH MicrowaveUnlike conventional PDH microwave equipment, the OptiX RTN 910 has a built-in MADM.The MADM grooms E1 services to the microwave port for further transmission. With thiscapability, services are flexibly groomed and the optical network and the microwave networkare seamlessly converged.



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Figure 2-2 PDH microwave

ODU

E1

IDU

OH MADM

PDH radioSDH

2.1.2 Hybrid/Packet Integrated IP MicrowaveThe Hybrid/Packet integrated IP microwave (Integrated IP radio for short) can transmit one typeamong or a combination of Native TDM services, Native Ethernet services, and PWE3 packetservices according to software settings. Therefore, the Integrated IP radio achieves a smoothupgrade from Hybrid microwave to Packet microwave.

IP Microwave ClassificationIP microwave can transmit packet services and support the AM function. The packet servicestransmitted can be Native Ethernet services or packet services encapsulated in PWE3.Conventional IP microwave is divided into two different types: Hybrid microwave and Packetmicrowave.l Hybrid microwave: Native TDM services and Native Ethernet services can be transmitted

through the air interface.l Packet microwave: TDM services, ATM/IMA services, and Ethernet services after PWE3

encapsulation are transmitted through the air interface.As IP microwave evolves, the OptiX RTN 910 supports Integrated IP radio. As a result, theequipment can support Hybrid microwave and Packet microwave at the same time, and cansimultaneously transmit multiple types of services at air interfaces.

NOTE

The IFU2, IFX2, ISU2, ISX2, and ISV3 boards support Integrated IP radio.

Integrated IP radioTo achieve flexible grooming of TDM services and packet services on the Integrated IP radio,the OptiX RTN 910 is embedded with dual service planes: TDM service processing plane andpacket service processing plane. TDM services and packet services can be flexibly transmittedover the Integrated IP radio, as shown in Figure 2-3.l TDM service processing plane

Performs cross-connections on the incoming TDM services (E1 services or STM-1services), and transmits the services to the microwave ports.



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l Packet service processing planePerforms PWE3 emulation on the incoming services (E1 services, ATM/IMA services, andEthernet services), encapsulates them into the MPLS packets, and transmits the Ethernetframes that bear the MPLS packets to the microwave ports. Ethernet services are directlytransmitted to the microwave ports in Native mode after Layer 2 switching.

Native TDM services, MPLS packets, or Native Ethernet services need to be groomed to themicrowave port, encapsulated into microwave frames, and then transmitted on microwave links.The Integrated IP radio serves as Hybrid microwave when TDM services are scheduled to themicrowave port over the TDM service processing plane and Ethernet services are scheduled tothe microwave port over the packet service processing plane; the Integrated IP radio serves asPacket microwave when TDM services are encapsulated into MPLS/PWE3 packets on the packetservice processing plane and then scheduled to the microwave port.

Figure 2-3 Hybrid/Packet integrated IP microwave

ODU

IDU

TDMcross-connect

matrixE1

STM-1

IMA E1

FE/GE

Packetswitching

PWE3

Layer2Proccess

Hybrid radio

Mixed service in evolution

Pure Packet radioThe Integrated IP radio supports smooth upgrade

Native Ethernet

Native TDM channel (E1 or STM-1)

MPLStunnel ATM PWE3ETH

PWE3

Native TDM channel (E1 or STM-1)

TDM PWE3 (CES E1)

MPLStunnel

ATM PWE3TDM PWE3 (CES E1)

ETHPWE3

NativeEthernet

NativeEthernet

The Hybrid/Packet integrated IP microwave has the following features:l Transmits one, or several of the TDM services, MPLS/PWE3 services, and Native Ethernet

services.



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NOTEThe OptiX RTN 910 supports VLAN sub-interfaces, therefore transmitting MPLS/PWE3 Ethernetservices and Native Ethernet services over one port.

l Supports the AM function. E1 services and packet services can be configured with priority.When AM is switched to the reference mode, the services with higher priority aretransmitted with preference.

2.2 Modulation StrategyThe SDH/PDH microwave supports fixed modulation. The Hybrid/Packet microwave supportsfixed modulation and adaptive modulation.

2.2.1 Fixed ModulationFixed modulation refers to a modulation policy in which a modulation scheme is adoptedinvariably to provide constant air interface bandwidth for a running radio link.When the OptiX RTN 910 uses fixed modulation, the modulation scheme and the channelspacing can be set by using software.l The SDH/PDH radio link uses fixed modulation.l The Integrated IP radio link supports fixed modulation. Various combinations of

modulation schemes and channel spacings can be set.

2.2.2 Adaptive ModulationThe adaptive modulation (AM) technology adjusts the modulation scheme automatically basedon channel quality.

Modulation Scheme and Air-interface CapacityWhen the AM technology is adopted, in the case of the same channel spacing, the microwaveservice bandwidth varies according to the modulation scheme; the higher the modulationefficiency, the higher the bandwidth of the transmitted services.l When the channel quality is good (such as on days when weather conditions are favorable),

the equipment adopts a high-efficiency modulation scheme to transmit more user services.This improves transmission efficiency and spectrum utilization of the system.

l When the channel quality deteriorates (such as on days with adverse weather), theequipment adopts a low-efficiency modulation scheme to transmit only higher-priorityservices within the available bandwidth while discarding lower-priority services. Thismethod improves anti-interference capabilities of the radio link, which helps ensure thelink availability for higher-priority services.



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Figure 2-4 Throughput at air interfaces of integrated IP radio (56 MHz channel)

Modulation Scheme Shift and Service PrioritiesIn Integrated IP radio mode, the equipment supports the AM technology. With configurablepriorities for E1 services and packet services, the transmission is controlled based on the servicebandwidth and QoS policies corresponding to the current modulation scheme. The highest-priority services are transmitted with precedence.

NOTE

In Integrated IP radio mode, when the equipment transmits STM-1 services and packet services at the sametime, STM-1 services have highest priority and their transmission is ensured.

l Priorities of E1 servicesThe priorities of E1 services are assigned based on the number of E1 services that eachmodulation scheme can transmit. When modulation scheme switching occurs, only the E1services whose number is specified in the new modulation scheme can be transmitted andthe excess E1 services are discarded.

l Priorities of packet servicesWith the QoS technology, packet services are scheduled to queues with different priorities.The services in different queues are transmitted to the microwave port after running thequeue scheduling algorithm. When modulation scheme switching occurs, certain queuesmay be congested due to insufficient capacity at the air interface. As a result, certain servicesor all the services in these queues are discarded.

Adaptive ModulationFigure 2-5 shows the service changes caused by shifts among six modulation schemes fromQPSK to 256QAM as an example. The orange part indicates E1 services. The blue part indicatespacket services. The closer the service is to the outside of the cylinder in the figure, the lowerthe service priority. Under all channel conditions, the service capacity varies according to the



14

modulation scheme. When the channel conditions are unfavorable (during adverse weatherconditions), lower-priority services are discarded.

Figure 2-5 Adaptive modulation

ChannelCapability

E1 Services256QAM

32QAM

QPSK

256QAM

128QAM

32QAM

128QAM

64QAM

64QAM

16QAM

16QAM

EthernetServices

CharacteristicsThe AM technology used by the OptiX RTN 910 has the following characteristics:l The lowest-efficiency modulation scheme (also called reference scheme or modulation

scheme of guaranteed capacity) and the highest-efficiency modulation scheme (also callednominal scheme or modulation scheme of full capacity) used by the AM can be configured. The IFU2/IFX2/ISU2/ISX2 boards support six levels modulation schemes, including

QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 28QAM, and 256QAM. The ISV3 board supports 12 levels modulation schemes, including QPSK Strong,

QPSK, 16QAM Strong, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM,512QAM Light, 1024QAM, and 1024QAM Light. Strong and light indicate FEC codingstrength. Strong FEC improves receiver sensitivity by increasing error-correcting codes.Light FEC expands service capacity by reducing error-correcting codes. The ISV3 board can work in IS2 running mode. When interconnect with an ISU2 or

ISX2 board, the ISV3 board works in IS2 running mode and supports only six levelsmodulation schemes, including QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and256QAM.

l In AM, when modulation schemes are switched, the transmit frequency, receive frequency,and channel spacing remain unchanged.



15

l In AM, modulation schemes are switched step-by-step.l In AM, modulation scheme switching is hitless. When the modulation scheme is

downshifted, high-priority services will not be affected when low-priority services arediscarded. The switching is successful even when 100 dB/s channel fast fading occurs.

2.3 RF Configuration ModesThe OptiX RTN 910 supports 1+0 non-protection configuration, 2+0 non-protectionconfiguration, 1+1 protection configuration, N+1 protection configuration (N = 1), and XPICconfiguration. TheTable 2-1 shows the RF configuration modes supported by the OptiX RTN 910.

Table 2-1 RF configuration modesConfiguration Mode Maximum Group Number1+0 non-protection configuration 21+1 protection configuration (1+1 HSB/FD/SD)

1

2+0 non-protection configuration 1N+1 protection configuration (N = 1) 1XPIC configuration 1NOTEl When two radio links in 1+0 non-protection configuration form a microwave ring network, the specific

RF configuration (namely, east and west configuration) is formed. On a Hybrid microwave ringnetwork, SNCP can be configured for SDH/PDH services and ERPS can be configured for Ethernetservices. On a packet microwave ring network, MPLS APS or PW APS can be configured for packetservices.

l PDH microwave does not support N+1 protection or XPIC configuration.

2.4 CapacityThe OptiX RTN 910 is a high-capacity device.

2.4.1 Air Interface CapacityThe microwave air interface capacity depends on the IF board, ODU type, and microwaveworking mode.Table 2-2 and Table 2-3 lists the microwave air interface capacities that the OptiX RTN 910supports.



16

Table 2-2 Air interface capacities (SDH/PDH radio)Radio Link IF Board Maximum Air

InterfaceCapacity

XPICConfiguration

Remarks

PDH IF1 53xE1 Not supported Supports 16xE1s when the low-capacity PDH ODU is used.

SDH IF1 1xSTM-1 Not supported -SDH ISU2 2xSTM-1 Not supported -

ISX2 2xSTM-1 Supported The XPIC function is providedusing two ISX2 boards.

ISV3 2xSTM-1 Supported The XPIC function is providedusing two ISV3 boards.

NOTEThe XPIC function doubles the service capacity of the microwave channel at the same frequency bandwidth.

Table 2-3 Air interface capacities (Integrated IP radio)Radio Link IF Board Maximum

Number ofE1s

MaximumEthernetThroughput at AirInterfaces(Mbit/s)

XPICConfiguration

Remarks

Integrated IPradio

IFU2 75 360 to 420 Notsupported

-

IFX2 75 360 to 410 Supported The XPIC function is providedusing two IFX2 boards.

ISU2 75 360 to 456 Notsupported

-

ISX2 75 360 to 456 Supported The XPIC function is providedusing two ISX2 boards.

ISV3 75 480 to 609(none-XPIC)450 to 575(XPIC)

Supported The XPIC function is providedusing two ISV3 boards.

NOTEl ISU2, ISX2 and ISV3 boards support frame header compression at air interfaces, and their equivalent throughout of Ethernet

services at air interfaces can reach up to 1000 Mbit/s. For details, see Microwave Work Modes.l The XPIC function doubles the service capacity of the microwave channel at the same frequency bandwidth.



17

2.4.2 Cross-Connect CapacityThe OptiX RTN 910 has a built-in MADM and provides full time division cross-connectionsfor VC-12/VC-3/VC-4 services equivalent to 8x8 VC-4s.

2.4.3 Switching CapacityThe OptiX RTN 910 has a built-in packet switching platform with the switching capacity of 4.2Gbit/s (with CSHA/CSHB/CSHC) or 4.4 Gbit/s (with CSHD/CSHE).

2.5 InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 910 provides a variety of interfaces.

2.5.1 Service InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 910 provides several service interfaces on the system control, switching, andtiming board, and it is also able to provide a wide-assortment of service interfaces by configuringappropriate service interface boards.Table 2-4 lists the types and number of service interfaces that the system control, switching,and timing board supports for the OptiX RTN 910.

Table 2-4 Types and number of service interfaces that the system control, switching, and timingboard supports

System Control,Cross-Connect,and Timing Board

Service Interface Quantity

CSTA 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface 16STM-1 electrical interface (SFP) orSTM-1 optical interface (SFP): Ie-1, S-1.1,L-1.1, and L-1.2

2

CSHA 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface 16FE electrical interface (RJ45): 10/100BASE-T(X)

2

GE electrical interface (RJ45):10/100/1000BASE-T(X)

2

CSHB 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface 32FE electrical interface (RJ45): 10/100BASE-T(X)

2


2

CSHC 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface 16



18

System Control,Cross-Connect,and Timing Board


STM-1 electrical interface (SFP) orSTM-1 optical interface (SFP): Ie-1, S-1.1,L-1.1, and L-1.2

2

FE electrical interface (RJ45): 10/100BASE-T(X)

2

GE electrical interface (SFP) or GE/FEoptical interface (SFP):l GE electrical interface:

10/100/1000BASE-T(X)l GE optical interface: 1000BASE-SX/LX/

VX/ZX/BXl FE optical interface: 100BASE-FX/LX/

VX/ZX/BX

2

CSHD 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface: supportsNative E1, CES E1, ATM/IMA E1, andFractional E1

16


4




VX/ZX/BX

2

CSHE 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface: supportsNative E1, CES E1, ATM/IMA E1, andFractional E1

16


4


2

Table 2-5 lists the types and number of service interfaces that each service interface boardsupports for the OptiX RTN 910.



19

Table 2-5 Types and number of service interfaces that each service interface board supportsService InterfaceBoard


EM6T/EM6TA FE electrical interface (RJ45): 10/100BASE-T(X)

4


2

EM6F/EM6FA FE electrical interface (RJ45): 10/100BASE-T(X)

4




VX/ZX/BX

2

EG4 GE electrical interface (RJ45) or GE/FEoptical interface (SFP):l GE electrical interface:



VX/ZX/BX

2


2

EG4P GE electrical interface (RJ45) or GE/FEoptical interface (SFP):l GE electrical interface:



VX/ZX/BX

2

GE electrical interface with power supply(RJ45): 10/100/1000BASE-T(X)

2

EFP8 FE electrical interface (RJ45): 10/100BASE-T(X)

8

EMS6 FE electrical interface (RJ45): 10/100BASE-T(X)

4



20

Service InterfaceBoard


GE electrical interface (SFP) or GE opticalinterface (SFP):l GE electrical interface:


VX/ZX

2

SP3S 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface 16SP3D 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1 interface 32CQ1 Channelized STM-1 electrical interface

(SFP) orChannelized STM-1 optical interface (SFP):Ie-1, S-1.1, L-1.1, L-1.2, S-1.1-BX, L-1.1-BX

4

SL1D/SL1DA STM-1 electrical interface (SFP) orSTM-1 optical interface (SFP): Ie-1, S-1.1,L-1.1, L-1.2

2

ML1 75-ohm or 120-ohm Smart E1 interface:supports CES E1, ATM/IMA E1, andFractional E1

16

MD1 75-ohm or 120-ohm Smart E1 interface:supports CES E1, ATM/IMA E1, andFractional E1

32

NOTE

l Smart E1 interfaces support multiple protocols through software configuration. Smart E1 interfaces on theOptiX RTN 910 support CES E1, ATM/IMA E1, ML-PPP and Fractional E1.

l Fractional E1 interfaces can make use of specific 64 kbit/s timeslots in framed E1 services. If the E1 interfaceis applied to Fractional CES, certain timeslots in E1 services are emulated. If the E1 interface is applied toFractional IMA, certain timeslots in E1 services serve as the member links of IMA groups.

l Channelized STM-1 interfaces (c-STM-1) support the channelization of STM-1 into 63 E1 channels. TheE1 channels support CES and ML-PPP.

2.5.2 Management and Auxiliary InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 910 provides the management and auxiliary interfaces through the systemcontrol, switching, and timing board.



21

Management and Auxiliary InterfacesTable 2-6 Types and number of management and auxiliary interfaces

Interface Description QuantityExternal clockinterface

120-ohm 2,048 kbit/s or 2,048 kHz clock input andoutput interfacea, h

1

External timeinterface (notsupported by theCSTA)

External time input or output interface (RS-422level, 1PPS+TOD or DCLS format)a, b, e

1 (CSHA/CSHB/CSHC)2 (CSHD/CSHE)

Managementinterface

10/100BASE-T(X) NM interface 1NM serial interface 110/100BASE-T(X) NM cascading interface 1

Auxiliary interface Orderwire interface 1RS-232 asynchronous data interfacec 1

64 kbit/s synchronous data interfaced 1Wayside E1 interface 1

Alarm interface Alarm input interface 3Alarm output interface 1

Outdoor cabinetmonitoringinterface

RS-485 outdoor cabinet monitoring interfacee 1

NOTE

l a: For CSHA/CSHB/CSHC, the external clock interface, the external time interface and wayside E1 interfaceare combined into one physical interface. This interface can also transparently transmit the DCC bytes,orderwire overhead bytes, and synchronous/asynchronous data overhead bytes. However, this interface canimplement only one function at a time.

l b: For CSHD/CSHE, the external clock interface, external time interface 1, and wayside E1 interface arecombined into one physical interface. This interface can also transparently transmit the DCC bytes, orderwireoverhead bytes, and synchronous/asynchronous data overhead bytes. However, this interface can implementonly one function at a time.

l c: The RS-232 asynchronous data interface can work as an outdoor cabinet monitoring interface by usingan RS-232 to RS-485 converter.

l d: The 64 kbit/s synchronous data interface can transparently transmit the orderwire byte. However, thisinterface can implement only one of the following two functions: 64 kbit/s synchronous data interface andtransparent transmission of the orderwire byte.

l e: For CSHD/CSHE, the external time interface 2 and the outdoor cabinet monitoring interface are combinedinto one physical interface. However, this interface can implement only one function at a time.



22

Auxiliary Service ChannelAuxiliary services and NM messages are transmitted by overhead bytes over a radio link. Fordetails, see Table 2-7.

Table 2-7 Auxiliary services channels provided by each microwave interfaceService/Message Type Microwave Frame Overhead

Quantity of Paths Path RateAsynchronous data service 1 19.2 kbit/sSynchronous data service 1 64 kbit/sOrderwire phone service 1 64 kbit/sWayside E1 service 1 2048 kbit/s (in the SDH radio link)DCC path 1 l 64 kbit/s (in the PDH radio link

which the capacity is lower than16xE1)

l 192 kbit/s (in the PDH radio linkwhich the capacity is not lower than16xE1)

l 192 kbit/s, 576kbit/s, or 768kbit/s(in the SDH radio link)

l 192 kbit/s (in Integrated IP radiolink)

2.6 Cross-Polarization Interference CancellationCross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) technology is used together with co-channeldual-polarization (CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the wireless linkcapacity over the same channel.CCDP transmission adopts a horizontally polarized wave and a vertically polarized wave on onechannel to transmit two channels of signals. Ideally, for CCDP transmissions, there will not beany interference between the two orthogonal signals although they are on the same frequency.In actual practice, despite the orthogonality of the two signals, interference between the signalsinevitably occurs due to cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) of the antenna and channeldegradation. To cancel the interference, XPIC technology is used to receive signals horizontallyand vertically. The signals in the two directions are then processed and the original signals arerecovered from interfered signals.



23

Figure 2-6 CCDP channel configuration , used when XPIC is used

HV

Modem ODU 1

ODU 2

f1

f1

ODU 1

ODU 2

f1

f1

Site A Site B

f1

Modem

Modem

Modem

Service

Service

Service

Service

V: vertical polarization directionH: horizontal polarization direction

Service singnal

2.7 Automatic Transmit Power ControlAutomatic transmit power control (ATPC) enables the output power of the transmitter toautomatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end within the ATPC control range. Thisfeature reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.

Figure 2-7 Relationship between the RSL and TSL

T

Up-fading

Down-fading2 dB

TSL/RSL

TSL

RSL2 dBCentral value of theATPC upper

threshold and theATPC lower threshold

2.8 MPLS/PWE3 FunctionThe OptiX RTN 910 uses an MPLS that is optimized for the telecom bearer network as thepacket forwarding mechanism for packet transmission of carrier-class services. The OptiX RTN910 uses PWE3 technology as the service bearer technology to implement MPLS network accessfor various types of services.



24

Table 2-8 MPLS/PWE3 functionsFunction and Feature DescriptionMPLStunnel

Setup mode Static LSPsBearer mode l Ethernet port

l IP microwave portl MLPPP link

Protection 1:1 MPLS tunnel APSOAM l MPLS OAM that complies with ITU-T Y.

1710 and ITU-T Y.1711l MPLS-TP LSP OAM that complies with

ITU-T Y.1731l LSP ping and LSP traceroute functions

PWE3 TDM PWE3 Emulationmode

l SAToPl CESoPSN

Packet loadingtime

125 s to 5000 s

Jittercompensationbuffering time

375 s to 16000 s

ATM PWE3 Mapping mode l 1-to-1 ATM VCC mappingl N-to-1 ATM VCC mappingl 1-to-1 ATM VPC mappingl N-to-1 ATM VPC mapping

Maximumnumber ofconcatenatedcells

31

Cellconcatenationwait time

125 s to 50000 s

TransparentlytransmittedATM service

Supported

ETH PWE3 Encapsulationmode

l Raw model Tagged mode

Service type l E-Linel E-Aggr

Setup mode Static PWs



25

Function and Feature DescriptionControl Word supportedNumbers of PWs Supports a maximum of 1024 PWs.Protection 1:1 PW APSOAM l PW OAM that complies with ITU-T Y.

1710 and ITU-T Y.1711l MPLS-TP PW OAM that complies with

ITU-T Y.1731l VCCVl PW ping and PW traceroute functionsl ITU-T Y.1731-compliant packet loss

measurement, delay measurement, anddelay variation measurement

l Intelligent service fault diagnosisMS-PW SupportedConfigurable bandwidth Supported

2.9 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 910 has powerful Ethernet service processing capability.

Table 2-9 Ethernet service processing capabilityItem DescriptionEthernet servicetype

l Native Ethernet services: E-Line service and E-LAN servicel PW-carried Ethernet services: E-Line service and E-Aggr service

Range ofmaximum framelength

1518 bytes to 9600 bytes

VLAN l Adds, deletes, and switches VLAN tags that comply with IEEE802.1q/p, and forwards packets based on VLAN tags.

l Processes packets based on the port tag attribute (Tag/Hybrid/Access).

l The VLAN ID ranges from 1 to 4094.



26

Item DescriptionMAC address l The E-LAN service supports the MAC address self learning

capability in two learning modes: SVL and IVL.l MAC addresses can be filtered; that is, MAC addresses can be

blacklisted.l Static MAC address entries can be set.l The capacity of the MAC address table is 16 k (including static

entities).l The MAC address aging time can be configured.

Spanning tree Supports the MSTP protocol, and generates only the Common andInternal Spanning Tree (CIST). The functions of the MSTP protocol areequal to those of the RSTP protocol.

Link aggregation(LAG)

Applies to the FE/GE port and microwave port.Supports manual aggregation and static aggregation, as well as loadsharing and non-load sharing. The load sharing hash algorithm isimplemented based on MAC addresses, IP addresses, or MPLS labels,and supports the specified mode and automatic mode.

Physical linkaggregation(PLA)

Supports PLA at two integrated IP microwave ports.PLA, a kind of Layer 1 link aggregation group (L1 LAG) technology,shares load based on the bandwidth at the physical layer to achieve linkaggregation.

ERPS Supports ITU-T G.8032-compliant ring network protection for Ethernetservices.

LPT Disables the remote Ethernet port that is connected to the user equipmentwhen the transmission network or local port fails.

QoS Supports QoS. For details, see 2.10 QoS.Traffic controlfunction

Supports the IEEE 802.3x-compliant traffic control function.

ETH-OAM l Supports IEEE 802.1ag- and IEEE 802.3ah-compliant ETH-OAMfunction.

l Supports ITU-T Y.1731-compliant packet loss measurement, delaymeasurement, and delay variation measurement.

Ethernetperformancemonitoring

l Supports IETF RFC2819-compliant RMON performancemonitoring.

l Measures real-time and historical traffic and bandwidth utilizationfor ports.

l Measures real-time and historical performance events for DSdomains, flows, VLANs, traffics on UNI side, PWs, and egressqueues.

l Measures packet loss due to congestion for flows.l Measures packet loss due to congestion for PWs and egress queues.



27

Item DescriptionSynchronousEthernet

Supports ITU-T G.8261- and ITU-T G.8262-compliant synchronousEthernet.

EoPDH Supported. The EFP8 board provides the EoPDH function.EoSDH Supported. The EMS6 board provides the EoSDH function.

NOTE

l The E-Line service is an Ethernet private line service. The OptiX RTN 910 supports a maximum of 1024E-Line services.l For Native Ethernet services, the OptiX RTN 910 supports E-Line services based on the port, port

+VLAN, and port+QinQ.l For PW-carried Ethernet services, the OptiX RTN 910 supports E-Line services based on the port, port

+VLAN, and port+QinQ.l The E-Aggr service is an Ethernet aggregation service. The OptiX RTN 910 supports E-Aggr services from

multiple UNIs to one PW and E-Aggr services from multiple PWs to one UNI.l The E-LAN service is an Ethernet local area network (LAN) service. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the E-

LAN service based on the 802.1d bridge, 802.1q bridge, and 802.1ad bridge. The bridge supports a maximumof 1024 logical ports.

2.10 QoSThe OptiX RTN 910 provides improved quality of service (QoS) and supports the followingeight types of per-hop behaviors (PHBs): BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF, CS6, and CS7.Therefore, network carriers can offer various QoS levels of service guarantees and buildnetworks that carry data, voice, and video services.

Table 2-10 QoS featuresFeature PerformanceDiffServ l For Ethernet services, supports mapping the Ethernet service into

different PHB service levels based on the C-VLAN priority, S-VLANpriority, IP DSCP value, and MPLS EXP value.

l For ATM services, supports flexible mapping between the ATMservice categories (CBR, UBR, UBR+, rtVBR, and nrtVBR) andPHB service levels.

l For CES services, the PHB service level of each CES service can beset manually (EF by default).

Trafficclassification

Supports port traffic classification based on VLAN ID, VLAN priority,or DSCP.

Traffic policing Supports flow-based traffic policing and the setting of PIR and CIR insteps of 64 kbit/s.



28

Feature PerformanceQueue scheduling l Each Ethernet port or Integrated IP radio port supports eight levels

of priority scheduling.l Flexibly sets the queue scheduling scheme for each Ethernet port and

Integrated IP radio port. The queue scheduling modes include SP, SP+WRR, and WRR.

Traffic shaping l Supports the shaping for the specified port, priority queue, or serviceflow.

l Supports a step of 64 kbit/s for the PIR and CIR.

Figure 2-8 Typical QoS application (Native Ethernet services)

Fowarding

Queues SchedulingClassifing

Ingress EgressPacket

Switching

CS7CS6EFAF4AF3AF2AF1BE

Policing

CAR

Flow

Mapping

DiffServ Shaping

Shaping

2.11 Clock FeaturesThe OptiX RTN 910 supports physical-layer clock synchronization, time synchronization overpacket networks, and IEEE 1588v2 time synchronization, meeting the clock and timesynchronization requirements of mobile networks. In addition, the OptiX RTN 910 provides anadvanced clock protection mechanism.

Clock synchronizationTable 2-11 Clock synchronization features

Item DescriptionEquipment clock Supports the three modes as defined in ITU-T G.813: tracing

mode, holdover mode, and free-run mode.



29

Item DescriptionClock synchronization Supports the following clock sources:

l SDH line clockl E1 tributary clockl Radio link clockl Synchronous Ethernet clockl Channelized STM-1 line clockl E1 clock of the E1 channel mapped in Channelized STM-1l 2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz external clockl IEEE 1588v2 clockl IEEE 1588 ACR clock

SSM protocol/ExtendedSSM protocol

Supported. SSM information can be transmitted in thefollowing interfaces:l SDH linel SDH radio linkl Integrated IP radio linkl Synchronization Ethernet interfacel 2048 kbit/s external clock interface, supporting the SSM

protocol and not supporting the extended SSM protocolTributary clock l Supports retiming for Native E1 and CES E1 services.

l Supports the transparent transmission of E1 clocks.l Supports CES ACR clocks.

Channelized STM-1 lineclock re-timing

Supported. CQ1 boards can use the receive clock of STM-1signals as transmit clock.

Output of the external clock Supported (120-ohm interface complying with G.703, 2048kbit/s or 2048 kHz mode)

Time synchronizationTable 2-12 Time synchronization features

Item DescriptionClock Model OC, BC, TC, TC+BCInput of the externaltime

Supported

Time sourceselection andprotection

l BMC algorithml Static selection for time sources



30

Item DescriptionTimesynchronization

Supports the following time sources:l IEEE 1588v2 clockl External time interface

Time transparenttransmission

Transparent transmission of IEEE 1588v2 time signals

Output of theexternal time

Supported

2.12 Protection CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 910 provides a variety of protection schemes.

Table 2-13 Protection schemesItem DescriptionEquipment-levelprotection

Power input 1+1 hot backup

Radio links 1+1 HSB/SD/FD protectionN+1 protection

Network-levelprotection

MPLS MPLS tunnel 1:1 protectionPW PW 1:1 protectionEthernet LAG protection (including Ethernet links and

radio links)ERPS protection (including Ethernet links andradio links)MSTP protection (including Ethernet links andradio links)PLA protection (only for radio links)

ATM over E1 IMA protectionTunnel over E1 ML-PPP protectionTDM services SNCP (including radio links and SDH lines)STM-1 1+1 or 1:N linear multiplex section protection

(MSP)Channelized STM-1 1:1 linear multiplex section protection



31

2.13 Network ManagementThe OptiX RTN 910 supports multiple network management (NM) modes and providescomprehensive NM information exchange schemes.

NM ModeThe OptiX RTN 910 supports the following functions:l Uses the iManager Web LCT to manage one local NE or one remote NE on a per-NE basis.l Uses the iManager U2000 to centralizedly manage OptiX RTN NEs and other OptiX NEs

at the network level.l Uses the SNMP agent to query alarms and performance events.

NM Information Exchange SchemesThe OptiX RTN 910 supports inband DCN and outband DCN.

Table 2-14 DCN information exchange schemesItem SpecificationsDCNchannel

DCC bytes PDHmicrowave

One or three DCC bytes that are defined byHuawei

Integrated IPradio

Three DCC bytes that are defined by Huawei

SDHmicrowave

D1-D3, D4-D12, or D1-D12 bytes

SDH line D1-D3, D4-D12, or D1-D12 bytesChannelizedSTM-1 line

D1-D3, D4-D12, or D1-D12 bytes

Externalclockinterface

Supports the transparent transmission ofDCC bytes through the external clockinterface.

Network managementinterface

Supports one network management Ethernetinterface or one network managementEthernet cascade interface.

Inband DCN Radio link The inband DCN channel is marked with theVLAN tag and its bandwidth is configurable.

FE/GEinterface

The inband DCN channel is marked with theVLAN tag and its bandwidth is configurable.



32

Item SpecificationsSmart E1interface

The inband DCN signals are carried by ML-PPP links. The inband DCN channel ismarked with the VLAN tag and its bandwidthis configurable.

ChannelizedSTM-1interface

The inband DCN signals are carried by ML-PPP links. The inband DCN channel ismarked with the VLAN tag and its bandwidthis configurable.

Networkmanagementprotocol

HWECC protocol SupportedIP protocols SupportedOSI protocols SupportedL2 DCN Supported

2.14 Easy InstallationThe OptiX RTN 910 supports several installation modes. That is, the installation is flexible andconvenient.The IDU can be installed on the following types of cabinets and surfaces:l In a 300 mm or 600 mm ETSI cabinetl In a 450 mm or 600 mm 19-inch cabinetl In an open cabinetl In an outdoor cabinetl On a walll On a tableThe ODU supports two installation modes: direct mounting and separate mounting.

2.15 Easy Maintenance

2.15.1 Equipment-level OAMThe OptiX RTN 910 provides several maintenance features that effectively reduce the costsassociated with maintaining the equipment.Table 2-15 describes the OAM functions supported by the OptiX RTN 910.



33

Table 2-15 Equipment-level OAMFunction DescriptionManagement andmonitoring

l The OptiX RTN 910 can be managed together with opticaltransmission equipment by the U2000.

l Supports various alarms and performance events.l Supports RMON performance statistics on various types of

objects.l Supports the monitoring and graphic display of key radio

transmission performance indicators such as microwave transmitpower, received power, signal to noise ratio (SNR), and air-interface BER.

l Supports the monitoring and graphic display of Ethernetperformance specifications such as port traffic and bandwidthutilization.

Hardwaremaintenance

l Each IDU board has running and alarm status indicators.l All the indicators and cable interfaces are available on the front

panel of the IDU.l The system control, switching, and timing board, IF board, service

board, and fan board support hot swapping.Built-in test system l Supports PRBS tests by IF ports.

l Supports PRBS tests by Native E1 and CES E1 ports.l Simulates Ethernet meters to test packet loss, delay, and

throughput.l Supports various loopback types over service ports and IF ports.

Packet service OAM l Supports IEEE 802.1ag- and IEEE 802.3ah-compliant ETH OAMfunctions.

l Supports ITU-T Y.1731-compliant packet loss measurement,delay measurement, and delay variation measurement for Ethernetservices.

l Supports the ITUT-T Y.1711-compliant MPLS OAM functionand LSP ping/traceroute.

l Supports the ITUT-T Y.1711-compliant PW OAM function andPW ping/traceroute.

l Supports the ITU-T Y.1731-compliant MPLS-TP LSP OAM andPW OAM functions.

Databasemanagement

l Remotely backs up and restores the NE database by using theU2000.

l The CF card that stores the configuration data and software canbe replaced online. Therefore, users can load the data or upgradethe software by replacing the CF card.

l Two copies of software and data are stored in the flash memoryof the system control, switching, and timing board to meet thesmooth upgrade requirements.



34

Function DescriptionSoftwaremanagement

l Remotely loads NE software and data by using the U2000 andprovides a quick NE upgrade solution.

l Supports the NSF function. SDH/PDH services and Ethernet E-Line services are not interrupted during warm resets on NEsoftware.

l Supports hot patch loading. Users can upgrade software withoutinterrupting services.

l Supports software version rollback so that original system servicesare restored despite software upgrade failures.

2.15.2 Packet OAM (TP-Assist)The OptiX RTN 910 works with the iManager U2000 to allow hierarchy OAM of packetservices. Packet OAM supports end-to-end service configuration, acceptance tests, and faultlocating, therefore simplifying operation and maintenance of packet services.Table 2-16 describes the packet OAM functions supported by the OptiX RTN 910.

Table 2-16 Packet OAM (TP-Assist)OAM Stage Subitem DescriptionEnd-to-endserviceconfiguration

End-to-end packetserviceconfiguration

l Supports end-to-end configuration of Native E-Line/E-LAN services.

l Supports end-to-end configuration of MPLStunnel and ETH PWE3.

Automaticdeployment ofalarmmanagement

l Automatically configures end-to-end ETHOAM during Native Ethernet serviceconfiguration and supports connectivity testsand alarm reporting.

l Automatically configures end-to-end MPLS-TP OAM during MPLS tunnel serviceconfiguration and supports connectivity testsand alarm reporting.

l Automatically configures end-to-end ETH-OAM during ETH PWE3 service configurationand supports connectivity tests and alarmreporting.

Acceptance tests Serviceconnectivity tests

l Supports one-click connectivity test of NativeE-Line and E-LAN services.

l Supports one-click connectivity test of the E-Line services carried by MPLS tunnels.



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OAM Stage Subitem DescriptionServiceperformance tests

l Supports one-click test on packet loss, delay,and delay jitter of Native E-Line and E-LANservices.

l Supports one-click test on packet loss, delay,and delay jitter of the E-Line services carriedby MPLS tunnels.

l Simulates Ethernet meters to test packet loss,delay, and throughput.

Fault locating Port IP ping l Supports local ping at UNI ports.l Supports remote ping at UNI ports.

Port monitoring l Reports alarms indicating Ethernet signal loss.l Reports alarms indicating Ethernet port auto-

negotiation failures (half-duplex alarm).Service loopbackdetecting

l Detects loopbacks in E-Line services.l Automatically disables the service ports

involved in a loop.Intelligent faultdiagnosis

l Checks the integrity of hardware, software, andconfiguration along a service path.

l Detects zero traffic and packet loss along aservice path.

Performancestatistics

l Measures real-time and historical performanceevents for Ports, DS domains, flows, VLANs,UNI-side services, PWs, tunnel, and egressqueues.

l Measures packet loss due to congestion forflows, PWs bandwidth, and egress queues.

Performancemonitoring

l Reports packet loss threshold-crossing alarmsby DS domain, traffic classification, VLAN, V-UNI, PW, and egress queue.

l Reports port bandwidth utilization threshold-crossing alarms.

l Reports packet loss threshold-crossing alarmsfor flows, PWs bandwidth, and egress queues.

l Reports zero-traffic alarms for Ports, DSdomains, flows, VLANs, UNI-side services,PWs, and egress queues.

2.16 Security ManagementThe OptiX RTN 910 works with its network management system (NMS) to prevent unauthorizedlogins and operations, ensuring equipment management security.



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Table 2-17 Security managementSecurity Management Measure DescriptionNE usermanagement

NE loginmanagement

Allows only NE users using authorized usernames andpasswords to log in to NEs. Adds, deletes, and managesNE users.

NE user groupmanagement

Manages NE user groups by permissions. By default,five user groups are available: monitors, operators,maintenance personnel, administrators, and superadministrators.

NE user typemanagement

Manages NE user groups by their network managementsystems. According to the used network managementsystem, NE users are classified into local craft terminal(LCT) NE users, element management system (EMS)NE users, CMD NE users, and general NE users.

Online usermanagement

Queries online NE users and forces a lower-level NEuser to log out.

NMS usermanagement

NMS loginmanagement

Allows only NMS users using authorize usernames andpasswords to log in to the NMS. Adds, deletes, andmanages NMS users.

NMS user groupmanagement

Manages NMS user groups by permissions. By default,five NMS user groups are available: monitors,operators, maintenance personnel, SMManagers, andadministrators.

Account policymanagement

Sets account policies, such as the complexityrequirements for and validity period of account andpasswords.

NMS user rightmanagement

Manages NMS users by their rights to performoperations on managed objects. Each user has a specificset of rights to perform certain operations on certainobjects.

Online usermanagement

Monitors online NMS users and forces a lower-levelNMS user to log out.

Communicationsecuritymanagement

Secure SocketsLayer (SSL)communication

l Supports the SSL protocol between a U2000 serverand gateway NEs.

l Supports the SSL protocol between a U2000 serverand its clients.

Communicationsourcemanagement

l Gateway NEs support access control lists (ACLs)to verify IP addresses, source ports, sink ports, andprotocol types of NMS packets.

l U2000 servers support ACLs to restrict the IPaddresses of clients.



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Security Management Measure DescriptionAccess controlmanagement

RemoteAuthenticationDial-In UserService(RADIUS)

l Supports RADIUS authentication to an NMS userwho needs to log in to the U2000 from a U2000client.

l Supports RADIUS authentication to an NE userwho needs to log in to an NE.

Local craftterminal (LCT)access control

Prevents the Web LCT from connecting to local NEs ifNEs are managed by the U2000 in a centralizedmanner.

NE logmanagement

Operation log Records NE configuration operations on NEs.Security log Records security-related operations on NEs, such as

logins and logouts.NMS logmanagement

Operation log Records task-related operations performed on theNMS, such as configuring NEs and the NMS.

Security log Records security-related operations performed on theNMS, such as logins and logouts.

2.17 Energy SavingThe OptiX RTN 910 uses various types of technologies to reduce the amount of energy that thedevice consumes. The device:l Uses a streamlined scheme for board design.l Replaces ordinary chips with ASIC chips that consume less power.l Uses high-efficiency power modules.l Supports intelligent adjustment of the fan speed that dissipates heat in a timely manner,

reduces power consumption, and minimizes noise.l Shuts down idle FE/GE ports and SFP optical modules.

2.18 Environmental ProtectionThe OptiX RTN 910 is designed to meet or exceed environmental protection requirements. Theproduct complies with the RoHS directive and WEEE directive.l The OptiX RTN 910 undergoes a compulsory packing process that limits the size of the

package containing the equipment and accessories to three times that of the equipmentdimensions.

l The product is designed for easy unpacking. In addition, all hazardous substances containedin the packaging decompose quickly.

l Every plastic component that weighs over

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