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Predicted glycemic index and hydrolysis index in former food products intended for pig
nutrition
1
M. Ottoboni, M. Tretola, D. Cattaneo, A. Luciano, E. Fusi, R. Rebucci,
and L. Pinotti
Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
69th Annual Meeting of the European Federation of
Animal Science
Dubrovnik, Croatia, 27th to 31st August 2018
EAAP 2018
Carbohydrates/starch in animal nutrition
Major nutrient in farm animals diets
IMPORTANT
• Kinetics of carbohydrate/starch digestion of cereal-based feeds
• Different approach for pig nutrition
– Glycemic Index (GI) classification
WHAT IS GLYCEMIC INDEX (GI)?
• A figure representing the relative ability of a carbohydrate food to increase the level of glucose in the blood.
Carbohydrates digestion and glycemic index
MEAL DIGESTION RETURN IN HUNGER STATE
Carbohydrates sources can affect FI
CEREAL SOURCE
CARBOHYDRATES DIGESTIBILITY
GLYCEMIC INDEX
FEED INTAKE
(van Kempen 2007; Menoyo et al. 2011; Giuberti et al., 2012a; Giuberti et al., 2012b; Doti et al., 2014;
Aim
Evaluation of the predicted glycemic index (pGI) and hydrolysis index (HI) in
selected FFPs intended for pig nutrition
Materials _feed samples
• Six FFPs samples
• Two control samples
– Maize
– Flacked wheat
• One reference sample
– White bread
Methods
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 15 30 60 90 120 180
Invitrocumula
vestarchdiges
on
Time(min)
0min
15min
30min
60min
90min
180min
ORALPHASE*
800mg+0.1FFPs(milled1-mm)
25mgPepsininHCl0.05M,39°C,30min
GASTRICPHASE
INTESTINALPHASESmallintes ne
Enzymemixtureamylaseac vity7000U/mL;pancrea n+amyloglucosidase+invertasepH5.2,39°C,240min
D-Glucosedetermina onGOPOD-FORMAT©Megazyme2018
120min
Calculations & statistics
Results
C0 – carbohydrates digested at 0 min (g/100 g dry carbohydrates); C∞ – potential digestibility of carbohydrates (g/100 g dry carbohydrates); k – rate of carbohydrates digestion (/min); HI – calculated by using white bread as reference (HI = 100); pGI – predicted glycemic index calculated by using the equation proposed by Giuberti et al. (2011b); MSD – minimun significant difference
Hydrolysis index & predicted Glycemic Index
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
FFP1 FFP2 FFP3 FFP4 FFP5 FFP6 Flackedwheat
Maize
HI pGI
.
↓↓WHITE BREAD
k – rate of carbohydrates digestion
(rate/min)
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
FFP1 FFP2 FFP3 FFP4 FFP5 FFP6 Flackedwheat
Maize
↓WHITE BREAD
Results: glucose release over the time
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 15 30 60 90 120 180
In v
itro
cu
mu
lati
ve c
arb
oh
ydra
tes
dig
esti
on
Time (min)
MaizeHP wheatFFP1FFP2FFP3FFP4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 15 30 60 90 120 180
In v
itro
ab
solu
teca
rbo
hyd
rate
sd
iges
tio
n
Time (min)
MaizeHP wheatFFP1FFP2FFP3FFP4FFP5
AbsoluteCumulative
Summary
• FFPs are excellent energy/carbohydrates source
• Indexes like pGI and HI are accurate in defining FFPs nutritional features
– FFPs are Rich in “ready to use” carbohydrates,
– FFP’s pGI & HI are higher than in common cereals grains
Next step
• Further evaluation inclusion in a compound feed/complete diet
– Inclusion level effect
Inclusion of 30% of FFP in a pig compound feed
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 15 30 60 90 120 180
Invitroabsolutecarboh
ydratesdigeson
Time(min)
Whitebread
Maize
HPwheat
CTRT6
FFP30%
PRELIMINARY DATA
Ottoboni et al., unpublished results
CTR vs. FFPs
-At similar pGI
-K – rate of carbohydrates
digestion (/min) were:
CTR=0.121; FFP30%=0.207
